Chapter 30: The Vietnam War Years Read pages 936 to 971. Answer the questions.

Section 1: Moving Toward the Conflict 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. Who was the first American to die in Vietnam? Why was Vietnam a disaster zone in 1945? Who reestablished rule in Vietnam after WWII? What were the benefits of having a colony in Vietnam? Who opposed French rule? What did this leader want for the future of Vietnam? Who were the Vietminh? Which side did the US support in the Vietminh/French conflict? What is the domino theory? Why did Eisenhower believe in this theory? What happened at the Battle of Dien Bien Phu? What did the Geneva Accords establish? Who was Ngo Dinh Diem? Why did he cancel elections? Who would have likely won this election? Who were the Vietcong? What was their goal? How did the Vietcong receive aid and supplies? What made the Ho Chi Minh Trail impossible to close down? How many soldiers did Presdient JFK send to Vietnam in 1963? Why did Diems popularity drop with the people of Vietnam? How did the Buddhists of Vietnam react to Diems attacks on the religion? What happened to Diem on Nov. 1? Who was behind the event? Why did LBJ believe that a communist takeover of South Vietnam would be disastrous? What happened to the USS Maddox? What are the Gulf of Tonkin Resolutions? What was Operation Rolling Thunder?

Section 2: US Involvement in Vietam 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. How did Tim Obrien describe walking through a minefield? What is ironic about President Johnson sending so many soldiers to Vietnam? Who were Robert McNamara and Dean Rusk? What did they advise the president to do? How many Americans supported the war in 1965? Who was William Westmoreland? What was the Army of the Republic of Vietnam? What were the major weakness of the ARVN? What strategies did the Vietcong use that made them such elusive enemies? What is a war of attrition? Why was this the perfect way to defeat the US in Vietnam?

12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21.

What drastic steps did the US military take to attempt to defeat a stubborn Vietcong enemy? What is napalm? What is agen Orange? How did search and destroy missions work? What led to the decline of the fighting spirits for US soldiers in Vietnam? Despite the hardships why did most soldiers remain patriotic and believers of the cause in Vietnam? How did the Vietnam War damage LBJs War on Poverty and Great Society programs? How did TV make the Vietnam war a unique war? What were body count statistics? By 1967 how did Americans come to view the war in Vietnam?

Section 3: A Nation Divided 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. What happened to Stepan Gubar? How did the US draft work? What was the process? What were ways around the draft? Who served and died in very high numbers in the Vietnam War? What did Martin Luther King say about Vietnam? What roles did women play in the Vietnam War? What was the NEW LEFT? How was it different form the OLD LEFT? What was the Students for a Democratic Society? What did they want? What was the Free Speech Movement? Where did this happen? Why were college kids upset with rules, curfews, and ROTC? What kind of freedom and changes were college kids looking for? Where they successful? What new target did the NEW LEFT have by 1965? What did the SDS do in April of 1965? What did the SDS organize all over America on college campuses? What role did folk singers play in the anti war movement? How was the song Ballad of the Green Berets the opposite of the anti war folk songs? What happened to many draft cards during the protests? What did Nixon do with the draft by the early 1970s? Who were the doves? Who were the hawks? Which were most Americans followers of? What did LBJ decide to do with the plans for the Vietnam War? Why did Robert McNamara resign as LBJs top Vietnam War aide?

Section 4: 1968 A Tumultous Year 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. What did John Lewis remember about 1968? What happened on Jan 30th, 1968? What was shocking about the Tet Offensive? What did the Tet Offensive demonstrate to the US military and public back home? How many soldiers did the Vietcong lose?

6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19.

If the US was winning all of the battles why did the US continue to lose the war? What did news anchor Walter Cronkite say about Vietnam? What did Johnson friend Clark Clifford say about Vietnam? What happened to LBJ poll ratings by the end of 1968? Who led the anti war challenge in the Democratic primaries in 1968? What did LBJ decide to do on March 31st, 1968? What happned to Robert F. Kennedy? Who was the shooter? What happened all across college campuses in 198? Who was Hubert Humphrey? Why was he a weak Democratic candidate for President? What happened at the Democratic Convention in Chicago? Who was the surprising winner of the 1968 election? How did George Wallace help Nixon win the election?

Section 5: The End Of the War and Its Legacy 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. What did Alfred Bradford tell his daughter about Vietnam? What promises did Richard Nixon make upon his election? Who was Henry Kissinger? What was Vietnamization? By the 1972 how many Americans were in Vietnam fighting? What did Nixon and Kissenger mean when they said peace with honor? As Nixon pulled Americans back home, why did he escalate the bombing of North Vietnam and expand the war to Cambodia and Laos? Who were the Silent Majority? What happened at My Lai? Why did this event rock the soul of Americans? What happened to Lt. Calley? What did Nixon order on April 30th 1970? What was the purpose of this action? Did it work? How did college students react to this? What happened at Kent State and Jackson State colleges? What were the Pentagon Papers? How did they damage the credibility of the US government? What made March 1972 some of the most destructive days of the long war? What did Nixon declare in 1972? Who was Henry Kissinger negotiating with in Paris? Why did they do this in secret? What were the 2 sticking points in bringing about peace and the end of the war? How many bombs did the US drop on North Vietnam over XMAS in 1973? What finally happned on March 29th, 1973? Who were finally released in 1973? What happened to the city of Saigon in 1975? What were the killed and wounded figures for Americans in this war? How many did Vietnam lose?

30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40.

How many US soldiers served? What haunted most veterans of this war? What was constructed in Washington DC in 1982? How many people fled Vietnam? Where did most end up? What happened in Cambodia? How many died? What are the most important lessons we learned from the Vietnam War? What is the War Powers Act? Why does the War Powers Act not work? What did the US do in 1995 that would have been unthinkable in 1965?