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KETHONETH YOSEPH.
A
HAND-BOOK
OF

HEBREW

ABBREVIATIONS,

WITU THEIR EXPLANATIONS

IN

HEBREW AND

ENGLISH,

FOR T H E USE OF

STUDENTS OF THE OEAL LAW AND EABBINICAL LITERATURE,

BY

JOSEPH EZEKIEL,
UEAD MASTER, DAVID SASSOON BEXEVOLENT INSTITUTION^ ;
SECRETARY TO T H E BENE-ISRAEL IMPROVEMENT
SOCIETY ;
AND
FELLOW OF T H E UNIVERSITY

^4// rights

OF BOMBAY.

reserved.

BOMBAY:
PRINTED AT T H E

ANGLO-JEWISH A N D V E R N A C U L A R PRESS.
(Opposite Musjid Bunder Railway Station).
18875647.
Price 2

Eupees.

^


&

PREFACE.
OF

all literatures,

tlie

Hebrew is, I think, the most difficult

to master. Its student has to surmount numerous obstacles before

he can acquire any degree of freedom with the idiom and the
phraseology of

its language.

ExceiDt

the Holy

Scripture and

the Liturgy, almost all Hebrew works are printed in Eabbinical

round characters, and these, too, without any vowel-points.

It

is well known that words of this kind can be read in several ways :
consequently

the

student

has

with

great

difficulty to

make

out the true reading and sense of such words from the context.
Again, the language in which most Hebrew works are written,
though generally it goes under the common name of Hebrew,
presents certain diversities of dialect and style.
But the greatest difficulty is the short and abbreviated forma
of certain words and phrases, and the names of Eabbies, and their
works; which, again, are not used by every writer in the same
uniform way.

As every author is at liberty to contract any worda

or phrases he likes, the student is often utterly at a loss.

But a

good writer who coins any new abbreviations, uses the original
words and phrases first in their complete forms before using their
contractions.
Such Abbreviations are generally

marked by

two

oblique

strokes over them ; but as words used technically, rhetorically, and

in other special ways, are also marked with similar strokes, it is
often most difficult to distinguish between them. Some, however,
take but one stroke and show thereby that they want only their
terminations.

The student has also to use his discretion as

to

where a servile letter may or may not be included.

It is

only

for tlie

use of tyros in Hebrew literature, and

purely with the object of removing this last and the greatest
difficulty, which I myself had to experience for a long time, and
not at all with the object of displaying my knowledge either of
Hebrew or of Englishthe former of which being seli-acquired i3

IJ

but liiuitod, a n d the latter, no; lieliig m y ovrn

tongue, is not one In

v>11ich I can claim to Lo profioieutthat I have ventured to givo

publication to this littlo I I A X D - B O O K OF IIEIJRKW ABBKEVIATIOXS.

therefore hope that tho learned will connive at the errors that
(besides those givon in the

errata)

mayhavo crept into this my first

attemptwhich is also,I believe,the first attempt that has been made

in this direction at allto present this little work to the public.
And I should most thanlifully welcome the kindness of any of my
readers who would send mo corrections or suggestions which might
tend to make a second edition more accurate and useful, should I
receive enough encouragement, in the approval of my readers, and
in the sufficient sale of tho present issue, to warrant me in attempting
a eocond one.

J. E .

Initials used in this work:

N . B. =Name of a Book.
N . r.=Name of a Person.
N . r1.=NamG of a Place.
N . E . = N a m e of a Eabbi.


]SEBREW ABBREVIATIONS.
Stands for 1 ; as a sign of the 1st person singular
future; also for one; thousand; air;
man : he said.
^? ^ = I say, my honoured
father; says Elijah; says one;
a means, ^yay or manner; the
true God; impossible; Amen Ameu;
wife of a man ; if you say
if we say; they do not say;
our father Abraham

a lovely hind ( a

loving address to a woman); the father of

Asaph; N . B ; long suifering;
long face ; smiling countenance"; long suffering.

=

full length;

^ut if you say.

if you say or state at

= "

my honoured
father of blessed memory; (used by a son when speaking
of his deceased father).
= unless thus or in this way.

for ever;

Amen Amen Sclah or

'

= Abraham fiben Ezra.

^ = our father
Abraham, may peace be on him.
= my honotireci
father, may he prolong his days or life.
! = the alphabet; the bles
sed God.

= '

one (passage) in the Law,- one in the Prophets^
one in the Hagiographa.

^ =

if you want me to say j

back to back..

5 citron,
eggs, fat meat, old wine,
'

= the president of a tnbtmal.-

- He (God) who is blessed

says) the stone of help 5 N. B. otie of the parts
of

man is flesh and blood 01

mortal.

'

- Eilezer the son

of Yose the Galilean.
/ = Thon ( 0 God) in
H-hom the fatherless fmdeth mercy \.
citron, eggs, old wine.

= emanation,
creation, formation, action.

= 'some read; they

do not read.
0

= h ) ^ h Th

for ever 0 Lord.

= some books read thus!
on a handkerchief (form of an oath).
= there are some of haughty
spirit ; Maimonldes's letters ; N . B.

= there is an analogy ;

Samuel's letters; N . B.
= there are some who say;
if perhaps.

= letters about the slander

or ruin of the time ; N. B.

= the first man or Adam.

= the smaller meeting room ; N.B.
= Adam, David, Messiah ;
dust, blood, blle.

^ ^ ^ ^ ^

a man of distinction;

a famous man.

= says David, may

peace be on him,

= the larger meeting room; N . B,

= the sentence says;
though it be so; if so; not so;
Elijah the prophet; the nations of the

('!!.rtli ; i. (\ the g-entilos; the writer says

p the merciful Father; ^ the stone
oriielp ; N". B. one of the parts of

'

= sf\ys tiie holy

1>111 blosserl One (God).
= my friend and beloved ; my
dear friend.

my friend and beloved of

ray soul.

the light of the living,

= my faithful friend;
ye?^ it is also so,

= the Holy Land.

= great love; the

portion of
prayer commencing witii the words
= ^"Adam and Eve;
prohibition and permission.

= our God and the

God of our fathers; fiither and mother ;
truth and certainty; one by one,

the light of God; N . B ;

people of the world ?. r. the gentiles;
the prohibitive and permissive (laws) enlarged,

= the way of life;

parts of
^ = ^
j^iwy

such ^( '^<iis) will.

p ^^

B . one af tho

^
^^^^ ^^^^^ ^^^^^

^^ wsi

the light of my eyes (a loving

fiddress from a father to his child),
If

51 1^ wheel, means, manner,

= our Rabbi Tam says,

= UrimandThummim;alsoN.B.
^ = sown light
junior Elijah; N, B .

B ; the

/ = the ears of Joshua ; N. B ,

/ = say they (Rabbles)
whose memory is blessed.

the year of Samuel ; N . B .

} = a pious man ; the

w^ay of life; N". B . one of the parts of ;
the ways of life ; N . B ; the day
after a festival; one defective or imperfect.

= our
of Israel:
Israel.

brethren the children

3 our brethren the house of

= after
v/ishing your peace and welfare (a form of commencing
a letter.)

/ = say the wise

men of blessed memory,
- a different version writes
after this.

= after this he says.

^ we the undersigned..

c>

S f l = ear, nose or mnzzle, mouth.
^ good stones , N . B.

''1 ^ ~ cabbahstic

commutation of the letters

of the alphabet.
= there is ; the land of Israel;
Job; the light of the precious ; N. B.
/

= a man fearing God.

J/'

= says Judah Gedaliah.

if God please;

if God help.
= if God be pleased
in his service or worship ^ if God
destine it with life.
= Abraham, Isaac, Jacob.

2^^'' =

God whose name is

blessed.
= Amen, may His great
name &c.

^- ^^
Thou, 0 God, protect him, and compass him
with favour as with a shield.
= if s o ; terrible as fur
nished with banners; N. B.
= the mother of all living.

^! =

Amen, may such be

His will or pleasiirc.

- his or its place is not here.

= the public the whole world.
= or said he to him; #
not to be said ; if not 5 the
cedars of Lebanon; N . B.

a cabbalistic comtoutation of the lettets

of the alphabet.

= if not so.

- our Father, our King ;

i intend j lover of justice ; . 8%
one complete or perfect; my honoured father;
the land of Egypt; the
shinning mirror ; the surrounding light.

say.

= say they (Rabbies),

whose memory is blessed.

God the faithful king;.

pleasant sayings ; N . B.

= says Rabbi
^ fife, water, heaven

elegant sayings ; N . B.

= the books of Job, Pro

verbs, Psalms.

= my honoured
mother, may she prolong her days or life.
* This and all such phrases can be changed into all the genders, numbers
and persons of the pcf sonal pronouns.

 ' - 01 if we say; *
they do not fall (on their faces in daily prayers).
delightful treasure ; N. B; mixed light
N. B.

the Law,

the

Prophets, the Hagiographa ; lights,

sparks, vessels.
= when he hates the
wife of his youth.

Amen for ever, ever

and ever.
= x\men for ever; Eternity;
also one of the Sephii'oth a t attributes of God.

Athnah i. e. rest, (a tonic
accent correspondings to a colon), Soph Pasuk i. e. end
of a sentence (a tonic accent placed at the end a sen
tence corresponding to a period).

/- Eben Ezra^ the son of Ezra

generally meant for Abraham Eben Ezra ; the
light of the world ; N . B ; eternal love ;
B ; says 011a;!! imseif..

'

= for says 011a, may

his rest be in Eden.

= foi'
=
= '
'

although.
although.
although it be so.

is the Arabic Ibnu

01'the

Ilobanv

son.

5 = possible.
5'

= * though it be so.

> = though.

^ =

^lot required ; the

glorious or beautiful land ; the ways of
the righteous; N . B ; the love of Zion ; N. B.
^ ^ = is ^Qot required to say.
= the scriptural passage says ;
the first or originallight; the first
or original man.

'

= ^^who has sancti

fied us with his commandments, and has commanded
us.
= or says Rabbi;
the senior Elijah; N. B ; the countenance
of great men ; N. B ; the plantations of
great men ; N . B ; says Ptabba.

=
= '

says Pabbi Elazar.

one principal of his unity, one beginning
of his individuality, his vicissitude is one.

=
Uriel, Pephael, Gabriel, Michael, Nuriel (names of angels).

say our
Rabbles of blessed memory.

= ^

the son of Levi.

says Rabbi Joshua

10

h i n = says Resh Laklsh.

^ =

fire, air, water, earth

(the four elements,)

= says Rabbi Simeon,

= '

says
Rabbi Simeon the son of Gamliel.
= these are the names ; N,B.,
a magnet; goodly words ; N.B ;
our Father who is in heaven ;
Almighty God ; the faith of Samuel ;ISr.B,

says Shem Tobe.

= says Solomon,
may peace be on him.

= says Samuel Shulam.

= if you say ; say not;
the light of the law ; N . B ; read not.

= ^a

cabbalistic communtation of the letters

of the alphabet.
^ f i ' i i = if you say to me ;
if you find (any reason) to say.

= stands for 2; as a prefix it signifies on, in,witI1
through, for, against.
''2 = the children of Adam or human be
ings; a family circle; the son of Asher; *
* Ben Asher was a principal of a college of the Masorites who differed from
Ben Naphtali in reading the Hebrew text of the scripture chiefly in vowel
points and tonic accents.

11

a learned scholar of the Law ; the

son or descendant of scholar of the law;
the sons of Aaron ; ! the house of God.
the first temple of Jerusalem
= '
Gershon; IST. B.

the house of Aaron

=
the house of Aaron; N . B ;
well explained, (a commentary on
).
^^2 = ^^ blessed art thou 0 Lord;
in the land of Israel.

=
blessed art thou 0 Lord our God, King of the universe.

= blessed art
thou 0 Lord hearer of prayer.

= having nothing wanting.

= 'with perfect honesty, with
perfect faith.
= house owners ; members of a
congregation; speedily in our days,
the hinder gate, a tract in the Talmud ;
household ; two by two;
meanwhile; by and bye.
^ = in the book calledBedek Habbaith ( repairing the breeches of the house).
= in the book called Baith
Hadash ( new house); in or among living
creatures.


= the Being tlmt has no
limit; the lutinitc Being.
= in the Gemara; the son of
Gamliel; or the son or daughter of a proselyte
or the son or daughter of a proselytess;
or delightful son or daughter;
(food) cooked by gentiles.

^ = in order that.
= by the power of God;

by the decree of God ; on such account.

" = by numerical value.
- on such account.
~ with three heads ; with three
letters called Besh.
! =
a tribunal or court; by
the support of God; by the help of God;
the house or family of David ; one
who has a law suit; an eloquent speaker.
2

= this is only applicable;

this is understood; to what is this applicable ?

= a tribunal of the
heathens or a heathen court.

in the commencing word

or matter.

= repairing the breeches of the

house; N . B.

= understanding,
ledge, wisdom.

know

13

^ = a tribunal of the IsracHtes

or an Israelitish court.

= on an article
fit to be sworn upon.
= in the Chronicles;
the holy temple; a synagogue; the
master of a house or host; blessed be the
Omnipresent; blessed be He ;
explanation of the term or word ; in the name
of God; blessed be God; a
college; the college of Hillel ; the
pit of captivity, i. e. the tyrany during the dispersion ;
description of the captivity; N. B; repairmg
the breeehes of the house ; N . B; blessing for
the gift of the Law the time of evening
twilight.
= the college of Hillel says.
3 n = the master of a house or host.

= the author of Haiachoth

Gedoloth or greater rules.

the blessing of the sacrifice;

N. B.

= the author or owner of the

rows of precious stones ; N. B.

= !^ 'a synagogue.
' = the house or family of Levi.
^ = a college.

14

= ^grace after meals.

= the holy Temple of Jerusalem
= ^*^in the name of God
shall we work and prosper ; in the
name of God shall we commence and finish.

^^ =

the house or family of UzzieU

the portion of the law from the beginning of

chapter VIII of the book of Numbers to the end of
chapter X I I ; the inhabitants of the city.

a light building; the light con

jugation (in grammar); a grave yard.

= Rabbithe son of (RabbiJudah) the holy.

the owner of the heave ofi*er

ings; N . B.

flesh and blood ; a human being, a

mortal.

speedily and in a short

time.

blessing and
peace, righteousness and justice.

( Rabbi Johanan) the son of Jaccai;

Benjamin is a wolf; N. B ; on
account of this.

in this language.

=or freeman or free men

visiting the sick ; living creatures ;

15

a debtor; a new house ; N . 6 ; \ a beloved

son ; the sons of Chiya; B.

during the middle days of

a feast.
= ^under obligation involving
risk ; under a serious excommumcation.
| ' 5 = examination.
^^''| = an investigation into the
(moral) world.
= the children of Israel;
the house of Israel; the house of Jacob;.
the house of Judah; the house of Joseph;
the blessing (given by Moses) to the Isra
elites as mentioned in Deut. I. 11; understanding,,
one of the ten Sephiroth or attributes of God.
* = ^"the house or family of David.

"0 = blessed be God

for ever Amen and Amen.
= in the name of some
commentators.
= "*the house of Jacob ; N . B.
5 3 = the blessing to be given by the
priests to the Israelites (as mentioned in Num. VI. 24-27
synagogues ; on such account ;
executors ; authorized or rightful persons.

~ in handwriting ; in manusci^pt.

10

= blessed be the glory

of God from its place.

= in full price; in
every place ; by double.money ;in the book
called Keseph Mishne.

= in several places.

^ the son of Levi; the son of Leb;

knowledge of the times ; _N. B.

= in German language;
in.another language.
^ the son of my honoured
father.
^ excepting this.
'
for ever.

= blessed be our Creator

= in the holy language; in

Hebrew.

= without a solemn promise ;

without any discount or deduction.
~ "7 in the language of a strange
people; in the language of our this city.
) = far be it from u s ; the
middle gate , a tract in the Talmud ; tlie
covenant of rest ; N. B ; the house of an
assembly ; N. B ; in every place ;
son of religion; a youth who at the age of thirteen years,
should assume the obligation of religious duty.

17

= in another place.
^ = ^by greater calculation, coun
ting units as tens hundreds &c.

= on an article fit

to be sworn upon.

= a w^ell of living water ; N . B.

= the Creator of varieties

of food; the covenant of the rod of

Moses ; N . B.
= ^by smaller calculation, counting
tens and hundreds as units.
'^

= the allegorical exposition of the

book of Numbers, which is a part of

= in the
sayings or writings of our Babbies of blessed memory.

= in different word;
in what he said.
= a son of man, a human being ;
the son of Naphtali; # the sons of Noah.

= ^

according to our rule or

custom.

by or in Niddui,
Cherem, and Shematta (the three different sorts of
excommunications.)
i ^ ' ^ = the childem of Israel.
*

Ben Naphtali was a principal of a college of the Masorites, who diflered

from Ben Asher in reading the Hebrew text chiefly in vowel points and tonic
accents.
3

.18

- biesscd.is He who gives

strength to the weary.

= with or in property like

sheep considered as iron. i. c. liable neither to increase
nor to decrease.

the Creator of numberless

souls, a grace after drinking water or eating any kind
of fruit; &c.
= in a or the book; in the assembly ;
in the mystery; two Sephiroth or attributes
of God.

by the support of God;

by the help of God; at the
end of the matter or saying.

= in the book of happy Hfe,

= 1 in or with an auspicious sign
or omen.
2 = with a delightful conntenance.

= in the book called

Torath Haadam (the law of man); in
the book called Torath Habbaith (the law of building
houses).
= or the inhabitant or inhabitants
of a city ; the son of Ezra ; the son of
Uzziel; the creation of the world ;
an everlasting covenant; an everlasting

19

liabitation i. e. grave; the house of contention

N. B ; the well of contention; N . B ; N . P I ;
the children of our people.
= blessed is He who helps
the poor.

=
by the help of God;
worker of wonders.

= the owner of a house ; or the

h o s t ; in the future world.

= by the help of God

and His salvation.

= in this world; in

this matter.
= ^by the help of the
blessed God.

= the author.
= the owner of the crown ; the
author of the book called Haittur.

=^''

on account of our

numerous sins.

= speedily and in a

short time.

= in the city and

mother town of Israel.

= ^^

on account of our

numerous sins.

= living beings.

20

=
=

homg

compelled.

in the tribunals or

courts ot" the gentiles.

during the ten

j)enitential days.
= 'may it be built by the
help of the Most High.
= the Creator of the fruit of;
the son of so and so; twice.

vine.

^^ = the creator of the fruit of

3" Joseph is a fruitful bough (used

in expressing prosperity).
5"
'
1

= by himself.
= ^^ ^by the help of the Rock ;
have preached righteousness; N . B.

= Besalel Ashkcnazy.

= a divine

oracle ; the front

gate; a tract in the Talmud.

= in the last notes or

treatise ; in the latter writing.
^1"p3

= with a loud voice.

^ or the son of Rabbi;

the allegorical exposition of the book of G enesis;
which is a part of
= private place; private juris
diction.

21

f ^ ^ S 3 = the blessmg said at the

sight of the new moon.
= grace after meals.
= ^^the Second Temple of Jerusalem ;
the college of Shammai; blessed
be He who said &c, the portion of the prayer which com
mences with the words ; two
thirds; blessed be His name; the
weU of an oath;N. B ; also N . P I ; the
house or family of Samuel; N . B ; the
blessing of Samuel; N . B ; the son of Sheshath;
N. B ;

= the college of Shammai

says.

= in the name of Rabbi Meer ;

in the name of others.

by swearing in the name

of God.

= by swearing upon

the Law.

= by swearing be
fore the Rabbi of the place.

= in the clear book called

Shulhan Aruch.

= by a solemn oath.
= in the name of
Nathan; in the name of some who say.

Rabbi

22

blessed be the name of the Glory of his Kmgdom for

ever and ever.

= in the name of .Rabbi.

= ' a finite being; a

penitent person ; you should not add.

with strong

xiftcction and great love.

^'j Stands for 3.
= a lion's whelp ; N . B.
J = drawn over or attracted proselytes
= ^on tins account; a decree of a
court of justice.
) = ; " the grandeur of Mordecai;
N. B.
= ^''on such account , the valley
of Hinnom; hell; a divine decree ;
the power of God ; the sinew which
shrank; the substance of rules ; N . B ;
the leading members of a city.
= ^'this also.
f ] j = acts of beneficence;
three months.
= ^^three hand breadths.

J = the numerical value of the letters of

the aljDhabet; three clays; an old
bill of divorce.

also so; also here.

= 'numerical value of
the letters, notarica, commutation of letters.

three Sephlroth or attributes

of God.

^ = the garden of Eden;

incest;

the three higher ones ; the three higher

or upper (Sephiroth or attributes of God).
2'J = three times;
three steps.
= a proselyte of righteousness.
' J = ^the surface of the ground.
= severe and calamitous
decrees,
= ^the first three; the first three
(Sephiroth or attributes of God).

''^^J =

reading according to Samuel ;

analogy.
= a heap of nuts.
= ^"the three lower; the three
lower (Sephiroth or attributes of God).
*

This is the second of the thirteen rules laid down by Rabbi Ishmael for

expounding the Law, and which contain a complete system of Scripture logic.

24

'' = stands for 4 ; for a sign of the genitive case *,
for ivho, ichich or that; vray or manner ;
discourse; allegorical exposition; folio.
= 'four cubits; a true
word or thmg ; another word or thing; ano
ther explanation; another way; this
is it5 the right way; the way 0
truth ; the way of faith ; politeness or a man
nerly behaviour ; one thing.

= which if so.

= which if said , there

is no one who says ; which is not to be

specified; winch requires no explanation.

= which if not so.

= 'which if not so.
9 = that if you do not
say so.

the sayings of the college

of Hillel.

= a good attachment; N . B ;

the sayings of the good ; N . B.

= ^

the word of Samuel; N . B

the sayings of the college of Shammai,

* = sayings of David.
^ = the ]aw about the
a neighbour.

claim of

 = ^the Chronicles | sayings

of all (and disputed by none); thclioly wdy;
N. B; the commeilcirig word or matter
the words of the beginner.

= !15^ which^ behold, we havei said

this is what we have said.

^^ = King David.
= King David, may
peace be on him.
'

= 5which 116 tiius !ilterpretes:

= 31 male and female.

' ^ = one who enquires and asks.
f' = this w^ord or thing the
words of !emembrance j N . B ;

the way of life j K. B ; a

strong or double Dageshi
^'' = tiie words df Joseph 5 N . B 5
the four elements.
^'' = though to t^ne who undei'stallcls.

^ ^^ =

^^^

^^^^^^

^^^^^^

whom thou art standillgi

41^

= ^^$^ i c h

is not or cannot

be said so.

the discourse of Moses N. B ;

\] Ioses explained N . B the ways of

Moses N . B ; for instance;
rhetorically.

figuratively*

(3

= Elijah of Damascus ; N. 13-

= tl1cworcl8 or sayings of consolatiou.

= thatjhis word or sayi]1g ap
pears or becomes clear.
= four Sephiroth or attributes
of God ; the sayings of the scribes.

( a matter) which can be

supposed.
'

= which he thinks.

5;" = his own Avords; his

own knowledge or opinion.
= two faces or bodies.

silent, sprouting,
living, speaking, i. e. mineral, vegetable, animal, man.

'

= biood, frog,
lice, a mixture of noxious beasts and
vermin, murrain, boils.. hail,
locusts, darkness, ( slaying) the tirst born;
the ten plagues brought upon the Egyptians.
= *''light or single Dagesh.
^/'

= which is confirmed with us.

= the sayings of Rabbi ;

the sayings of our Rabbies; matters
of disi>ute ; the allegorical exposition of
tho book uf Dcutrunoniy which is a part of .


^ =
Gershoni.

27

according to our Rabbi

= ' discourse.

= the sayings
of Kabbi Judah the son of Besalel.
f;Jt = the words of Babbi
Judah Levi; the discourses of
Babbi Judah Levi.
) ^ = the ways of Moses ; N. B.
^ = ^ the discourses of our
Rabbi Mssim.
^ = the sayings of Rabbi Akiba.
= ^^the sayings of Rabbi
Samuel; the discourses of Rabbi
Samuel.

= '

1 according to Rabb!
Solomon Yarchi; according to Rabbi
Solomon Ishaki.
= according to our Rabbi Tam.

words of peace,
one who seeks your welfare : the word of
Samuel ; N . B.

the commencing Avords

of the three Haphtaroth of the three Sabbaths before
the fast of the ninth of Ab.

a thing Avhich is
allowed by some in some instances.

28

] = words of tjie Law ; matters concerniiig tlie Law.

= stands for .5 ; as a sign of interrogation and

as the definite article.
= or God.

we were saying; we would have

said ; the ways of God; N . B
the hill of God ; N . B ; the one ;
the first.

= the ^vord
which is used to show.
= '

^ ^the ^vwe and just,

= ^ the wise Eben Ezra,

*^^? '*^ ^
and godly Rabbi Isaao Luria.

^^^^

the holy

5" = he who commits a trespass

or sin.

what are we engaged

witli here; what do we speak about here,

''3 =

that comes^ to us for

good ; that comes to us for peace,
or welfare.
= the rich man; the
great rules N , B ; thus we read ;
five !)owers.

29

js^y - a critical exj^osition of Rabbi

Asher.
= ^the rich and noble (gen
tleman).
^''^ = a critlcal^exposition of the
eighth chapter of Gemara"] Baba Bathra which com
mences with the words \
);^^" = a critical exposition of
Maimonides; a critical exposition of
Mordecai.
''
customs.

= 5 a critical exposition of the

= this is the same what is Avrit-ten ; it is he who said; it resem

bles thus how does it resemble ?

= this is the same what

those that epeak in proverbs say.

^^^^
^*^1 * '!judgment;
that is thus; the great man;
is it not he? that is the way;
the Rabbi who informs ; the editor of a newspaper ;
the exalted prince.

= this is what is written ;

as it is written ; this is the same which
is written ; this is the same what is
said,

^ the chief Rabbi.

^0

= the great man,

may liis rest be ghj1ious, a plnase used after the name
of a deceased person.

= tlie holy tem|)le.

= ''the holy

temple,

a tradition ; N . B.
- the great wise man
Rabbi;

= -

this is w h a t is written.

^)'' = he had.

= the great Hoshana or the

seventh day of the feast of tabernacles.
=

the seventh; behold this; be

hold this is considered; that is this;

the glory of the aged ; N . B.
= five mercies.
=
devout

the wise and perfect or

''1 - the wise and prudent.

= the rules ofarguing; also N.

B.

= the blessed God;

may God protect him ; may God be exalted.

/ =

or may God pro

tect him and grant him long life or deliver him.

^ = which is published.
= this is jast as he said.
= the high priest.

31

the honored and

chaste (woman).
= he wiio writes and signs.

= that which is written below,

^'' = or he had.

]<;^"

he who bow
down to the honour of thy glory.

hV'^'n

hh^'n = ^ or

he had to say; he ought to have said.

) ^ V ' n = rule (given) to Moses
on Sinai.

= ^

he was obliged

to be sworn.

smaller rules.

= ^save us for thy

name's sake.
= Moses was wining; N . B ;
the kingdom ; the word ; the
words (are applicable to); what is this ;
a compound syllable; a great
loss or damage ; one who has obtained mercy,
a phrase used before the name of a deceased person.
= the Omnipresent who
is blessed.
^^ ^ = the publisher.
= "the intelligent and
prudent.

32

the depuiy or delegate

Chief ]\abbi ; the author of ^laggid Mishiie*
~

^ = the work ofrttribunal

= ' he who
proves (his claim) by the evidence of Ins* coj^panion.
= '
also so , the laws concern
ing menstrual uncleanness.

= those Avho swear in truth

= the prudent and wise;
the prudent rtlid estecmctt.

the said.
= or the abovcniGntionect.

=|''

let my Rabbi enter.

five Sephiroth or attributes

of God; Mount Sinai.

= ''3 the approval or sanction
of the arbiters.

= the approval or
sanction of most of the arbitdi's.
^ = the ways of the world ; N . B.

= ^^
=

the future world.

this world.

2)" = it is tlms interpreted or explain

ed ; a simple syllable.
^ - a great loss or damage.
5{" = the humble or small.

= -

-^

this is difficult, thus he

says; this is the passage ; the Holy

Majesty K B ; the smaller r u l e s ;
thus he objects.
= theholy and blessed One.
= he who comes first.

here it appears to us ;

here it teaches us.

=
=

the holy Babbi.

the great Hoshana or the

seventh day of the feast of tabernacles; or
my or our learned Babbi, a phrase usedbefore the name
of a learned man ; the proposition, preface
or introductory remarks of Maimonides.
= the learned
Rabbi Abraham the son of David.

= the learned Rabbi

Aaron the Levite^

= ^ the learned
Rabbi Elijah the son of Haeem.-

= the learned Rabbi

Elijah Mizrachi; the' author of
A spaklarya Meira.

- our learned Rabbi Asher.

= the author of Beth Yoseph.

^ =

the learned Rabbi

David the son of Zinna.
5

34

= "

the learned Rabbi

Zeracliya the Lcvite.
5 / = the learned Rabb
Isaac Alphasi.

= the learned
Rabbi Moses the son of ]\laimon, commonly called
]\Iaimonides.

= the learned
Rabbi Moses the son of Nachnian, commonly cal led
Nachmanides.
= the learned
Rabbi i\Ienahem de Lonzano.

= ^the learned Rabbi

Meir the Levite.

= the learned

Rabbi Moses Kordovero.

= our learned Rabbi Nissim.
=
Solomon.

our

learned Rabbi

the learned Shalom

Bozaglo.

= the learned

Rabbi Solomon the son of Addereth.

^ ^^the allegorical

narration of

Samuel.

= the blessed God.

= : one who walks uprightly.

35

* the preface or intro

ductory remarks on Tikkone Zohar.

stands for 6 ; at the commencement of a word for
the conjunction and ; and at the end as the suffix of the
third person.
= and afterwards.

and one who

cannot he sworn must return (the thing he has robbed
from his neighbour).

= and this is not

the place to lengthen the matter.
' = and it is not to be disputed
or argued ; and it is not to be said ;
and he said to him ; and if not.

^ =

and to those who

have no migbt He increaseth strength.

and it is not required

to be said.

= ^^^

and these are the names ; the

name of the second book of Moses; i. e. Exodus.

= -

the allegorical exposi

tion of the book of Exodus ; and many
compliments to him.

-
=

and if you say.

and
remember and write or seal us in the book of life.

^><>

and written in tlie Law.

= ^ etcetra.
= the nails or hooks of the pillars;
N. B.

== and behold

Babbisays.

= and one
who opens (this letter) without permission will be
stabbed by a sword.
= and that is the rule.
^ = ) ^ and God will enlighten us
(on the niatter).
= and it win be counted to him.
^ = and these words (are applicable to).

- ^audit is easily understood.

^ ^ = '1 and
may he who carries (this letter) to the hand of the
liddressed person be blessed. Amen.
^ ^ = and the prudent will under
stand ; and the intelligent will be silent.

="

^^^

and may He who dwells in Zion bless him,

who carries (this letter) to the hand (of the addressed
person). Amen.

^ ^

fvnd may blessiiig come upon hiui who delivers (this

letter) in the hand (of the addressed person),
p p ' ^ ^ and it is a mystery.

= and thlsislns language; and these

are his words.
5 t = and this is the mystery,
/ = r and this is Avhat he says;
and this is what he writes ; and
this is what he mentions; and this is
what he explains.

= and wise men say.

=and it is as a sword to others
= and it is as.a sword of
excommunication to others.

= <and some say.

/ = and some dispute;

and through his duty.

/= : and it is to be said.

) = ^

and some explain;

and Moses wrote ; and Moses besought ; the
section of the Law commencing from Exodus X X X I L 11.
and read on fast days.
= ^the allegorical exposition of the
book of Leviticus.
] = ^and Jonathan translates.

= 1 thus he or it is.
= ''2 and thus he approves or sanetions.

= ''
approve or sanction.

2and thus the arbiters

:)8

^^^^

so fort!!.

= and thus lie writes.

and thus it teaches ; and thus

it appears ; and thus it is understood ; and
every place ; and thus it is argued or refuted

'

^ and according to

him who said to him.

i - and thus it appears.

= and according to
the wish of your faithful friend.
5 P^^ ! and thus he decides.

= and as

ordained by wise men of blessed memory.

^ ! = and thus translates Jonathan

^ = "and to them
that have no might, He increaseth strength.

)^^^ ^'^^
= ^

and to or of my household.

and walk
humbly to the house of the Lord your God.

"

=
and there is nothing to add but about your welfare.

= "and peace to
every thing that is his.
= and to one who says.
- and (a tabernacle) made

(long before) wdll not do for the purpose.

= ^ ^ 2 ami he will find (no
reason) to say

39

= ^and to me it appears.

= ^and to arrange the matter.

3" = and according to this.
=
and a righteous teacher.
and it (i. e. meat) becomes a
carcass (unlawful to be used).

and on this I rely.

DH'Vi =

and you win excuse.

^ =

^ ^ and have compaseion upon thy people Israel.

and to the end.

? =

and on this explanation.

* and a serpant
shall bite him, who breaks an hedge, i . e. transgresses
a rule.

= ^and his bread is

as the bread of the Cuthians, and his wine as offered
to an idol (used of an excommunicated person).

and the mouth of the upright utters
wisdom, and their tongue speaks justice.
six extremities i . e. east, west,
north, south, zenith and nadir ; and stiff or diffi
cult; and he objected
* TaHng the word

the abteeviation of

the different sorts of excommuaications, one severer than the other, the
phrase means, may he who breaks an hedge or transgresses a rule suffer these
three excommunications.

^^

1
= and it is conlinned Avitli ufi^

; = and easy tobe understood.

= w and the principal

of a
college; the president of a tribunal; 3 and a
distmguished Rabbi.

= peace be to thee,
and peace be to thy house or family.
=

and much peace; and many

compliments.

^ =

and peace be

to all the seed of Israel.

7'' Stands for 7.

= the seed of Ai)raham ; N . B ;

the memory of Aaron; N . B ;
small face; frowning countenance ; 1 the
sacrifices of God ; N . B . ; a true memory ;
N. B ; this is not it.

= remembei' thy Creator-

= "one to another.
= ' what is the time; this is
clear or purified ; the blessed seed.
= the little elevator, a tonic accent
corresponding to a semicolon.

this is the knowledge or opinion of.

= brightness or splendour ;
B. ^
* Zoluir

a work uii the sccrcL SdciiLC 01"tho Jc-\\><.

41

= this is the table

wliich is before the Lord.
= this (is the) language ; these( are
the) words.

= this is the

gate of the Lord, into which the righteous shall enter.

= the
= the

holy Zohar ; N. B . ;
smaller and the female

attributes.
f ' ^ = golden wreathe ; N. B.

The new Zohar; N . B ,

the radiance of the sun; N . B.
= ' this is the ordinance of the
Passover ; N . B.

^ =

seven best or leading

members of the city.
= ''the seed of Israel; the
plantation of Isaac; N . B.

= ^

may his merit protect

us, Amen,^'
= He who raises those who are
bent down.
= or of blessed memoryjf
this is his language; these are his words ;
remembered for good.t
* This is a eulogy used after the name of a learned and pious deceased man.
t This is a eulogy used after the name of Prophet Elijah.
(J

42

= ' may his memoiy

be for the future world.*
= one to another.
= the royal seed.
tl

f
other.

one from another ; one than the

= this is the order or arrangement;^

this is a mystery; seven Sephiroth
or attribiites.

( )adultery, idolatry,

riches.
2" = the offering of Passover; N . B.
time of repayment.

= ?

may the memory

of the just and holy man be blessed.*
V = ? may the. memory of the
just man be blessed.^
= or holy seed;
a permanent seed. i. e. children living to their full age ;
a tonic accent corresponding to a comma.

the beard of Aaron ; N . B.

*= : a blooming 01ive,a phrase to express

prosperity.
= the gold of Sheba; N. B ;
peace offerhigs ; N. B.
* This is a eulogy used after the name of a learned and pious deceased man.

43

this is what the passaga or

"vvriting says ; this is what the verse
says.
] z= this is his m i g h t ;
the seven lower (attributes).

| := stands for 8 ; also for defective; part
or volume ; novelties of-.
= wise men say;
first part or volume; theologians or wise
men well versed in Kabbala ; the piety of
Abraham; N.B ; new allegorical exposi.
tions.

='

the part of
called J the wise among
the gentiles.

="

the part o f
called .
= '
composition of the
light of the Law; N. B.

the destruction of the temple ;

wisdom, understanding; the
dedication of a house.
= wisdom, under
standing, greatness, power.

=
knowledge.

wisdom, understanding

44

the rose of Sharon ; N . B.

= 'the dedication or initia

tion of the house of Judah; N. B.

'

= wisdom, un

derstanding, beauty, kingdom.

jj ! = grace, power.
= ' ^grace, power, beauty.

= grace, power,
beauty, kingdom.
= wonder of the world;
profanation of the name of God; he
that has his shoe loosed a wise man acquaint
ed with the mysteries of the Kabbala ; a scar
let thread ; N . B ; the duties of the
hearts ; N . B.
^

themiddiedays ofafeast;

the breast plate of judgment ; N. B ; a part 0^

9 = " the middle days of the
feast of Passover.
= or far be i t ;
God forbid.
^ = wisdom and understanding.
^ = "grace and power.
^ = the middle days of a feast,
- favour and grace.
~~

* Sec Dent. X X V . 510

4.5

^ = })Chawwoth Yair ; N . B ; also N.Pl.

| = the wise men and Rabbies of

^ff]
= wise men of blessed
memory.
| = | ' obligation or debt involving risk.
)'

= the part of

called .
2^ = good favour.
' ^ = the signature or seal of;
outward things.

= ^

the part of called

= ^

Haeem David Azulai.

= new work of Joseph

Taranee; notes by Joseph Taranee.
/'

= 5 the-statute of Jacob ; N. B.

wise men say.

"1 = wisdom of Solomon N. B.

^''

out of the (Holy) Land; all

countries except the Holy Land; vision of
the appointed time

= ^

excommunication

by to others (who open the letter).

Vn =

excommunication
by Niddui, Chcrem (and) Shemmatta, of our Rabbi

46

Gei-shom, the light of the.captivity, to' others ( who

open the letter).

= a portion

in the future world.

^ ' ' =

or

the undersigned ,

a portion of the lawgiver; N. B ;

Moses desired or was delighted; N . B ;
the statutes of judgment"; N . B.

= except the
= except this.
* =
3^''

stranger.

life from God.

= 1 except your honour.

half damage.

= separating the first cake of

the dough, monthly unclcanness, lighting the Sabbath
lamp, the duties requiring particular attention of Jew
ish females.

'

= the sun, Venus.

Mercury, the moon, Saturn, Jupiter,

Mars.
= a vowel point called short or
composite Segol.
'

= mercy towards Abraham;^.B.

2)'' =

a vowel

point called short or

com])0site Patlia ; one Avho signs here.

47

2''| =

defective verbs having the

letter for their iirst radical.
^5'' V^
defective verbs having the
letter for their first radical.
= Hakham Sevi.
= "a difiicuit vision; a
vowel point called short or composite Kamets ;
a holy society ; half of the praise in
the liturgy called
= the ordinance of the Passover;
N. B ; ( at the dose of the Sabbath)
the lamps of the Feast of Dedication should be
lighted before saying the blessing for making distinc
tion between the Sabbath and the week days.
5{ = |''verbs doubly defective or verbs
having the signs of defective verbs both at the beginning
and at the end.
/
= new work of our
Babbi Nissim on the tract of the Talmud on divorce.

= new
work of Rabbi Simeon the son of Abraham.

the desire of Solomon ; N. B;

the wisdom of Solomon; N . B;
the second volume.

deaf, mad and young

(are exempt from certain punishments).

= flatterers

liars, slanderers.

48

= stands for 9.

If

= another reason or object;

one error; dew on herbs ; N . B.
= ' a series of notes on
;K B.
= ' the ninth day of the month of
Ab or the Day of Lamentation.

mystery of mysteries or

the greatest mystery.

n ^ = the best or leading members of
the city.

= reasons or objects of the

precepts ; N . B .

= good and evil.

= pure and exact in weight (used
of money).
= rows of gold; N . B .

a series of notes on

; N. B.
^^- reasons or objects of precepts;
N. B.

= reasons or objects
of precepts by Reckanati.
=

tonic accents,
vowel points, crowns,* letters.
*Theflourisheson the seven letters " are called

or crowns.

49

^ = 'a clerical error;

reasons or objects of the Feast of Tabernacles 5 N.B ;
nine Sephiroth or attributes.

= the wedding ring.

= ^''^^an imposter ; a pretender.
= Aries,

the

Kam; Taurus, the Bull; Gemini, the Twins;

Cancer, the Crab; Leo, the Lion; Virgo,
the Virgin; Libra, the Balance; Scorpio,
the Scorpion; Sagittarius, the Archer; Caprlcornus, the Goat; Aquarius, the Water-bearer;
Pisces, the Fishes.

= stands for 10 ; at the beginning of words a
sign of the third person future ; and at the end as a
sign of the first person singular.

^"i = some say ; they say ; a

dumb dove ; N . B; the Pillar of Abshalom ;
N . B ; the fear of God ;^ one who
fears God.

the Lord our God,

and the God of our fathers ; let there
be lio^ht, and there was lio-ht.

Lord.
7

= the Lord our God is one

;)0

= *

tlie anniversary of the death of

a ]):rent/*
= men of understanding.
= ^ may it be built
speedily in our days. Amen.
'

= Joshua the son of Nun.

= wine, perfume, lamp,

and the distinction of the Sabbath from the common
days.f
^ = Jonathan the son of
Uzziel.
= may it come on us for
peace or ha])|)iness.

= ^ may the just flourish in

his days ; may it (the city or community) be
established in righteousness.
= may He answer us on the
day we call upon him; unity, blessing,
holiness.

= *

he win understand the report;

N. B.
j ' S = some read.
- it will teach knowledge; a part of

= Dan shall be a serpent.
* A German idiom,
t These blessings must be said by every Israelite at the close of the Sabbath,

51

= ^''the liand or power of the kino;

N. B ; the Day of Atonement.

= ^Yekutiiiei the
priest, son of Judah.
^'' = <or may God
cliange it (i.e. the Day of Lamentation) into ha])piness
or joy.
fl

= ^ may such be His pleasure.

3n'V
<^

= the Day of Atonement:

= may Hebe

blessed and exalted for cA^er. Ameu.

= <"Moses is Avilling ; N . B.

^'i - may His memory be exalted.

= ^may he see his

seed, (and) may he prolong his days. Amen.
= ^"through his duty ; a
common day; some dispute;
a new purse; N . B ; eighteen (blessings)
i.e. the prayer offered in a low voice on common days.*
= he will work wisdom
and understanding; he will act with wisdom and under
standing.
= ^''a solemn feast day.
* This prayer originally consisted of eighteen blessings, hence its name. The
nineteenth, which stands twelveth in order, was added by Eabban GamHel
of the first century ; or as others hold by Eabbi Samuel the little, one of
Gamliel's desciples as a deprication against slanderers and apostates. It is
properly called ^P^y^^, and sometimes ^ - is offered in a
standing position.

52

= Yom Tob Sahion; N . p.

= the hand or power of Judah ; N . B;

the hand or power of Joseph; N . B.
^^^ = ^ ^ may
He prolong your days in happiness and your years in
pleasure.
^ / ' n = ^Jacob shall rejoice,
Israel shall be glad.
= the Lord shall reign
for ever and ever.

^'iy

= wine offered to an idol.

2 = to make good one's title.or authority.

^ *may it (the city or community)

be established in righteousness.
it is to be said ; some
object; it is to be objected to.
= some explain; there
are some passages , Exodus from Egypt;
unity of kingdom; the basis of
the kingdom; (the attributes) basis and kingdom ;
the hands of Moses; N . B ; the Com
forter shall come ; well favoured; fair looking.

=
may thy fountain be blessed, and rejoice with the wife
of thy youth.

= ^

an exception to a general rule;

53

one who separates himself from the general body of the

congregation.

^5)= ^

may thy fountains be dispersed abroad; and rivers
of water in the street.
= " the Day of the Gift of the Law;
the penitential days.
= may he live for ever ; there
are some who possess ; the chapter of the Talmud which
commences with the words some
have the custom,
S = the ten Sephiroth or attributes;
some write; there are some books.
= the principle rules of poetry.
^ " = having beautiful eyes or countenance.

^^"i
= may God help i t ; or
may He establish his or their city. Amen
may the Most High estabhshlt, Amen
may the Most High protect it, Amen;
may it stand until the coming of Elijah ;v:
Ishmaelites (and the) worship
pers of images.
= ^^^God is the supporter of the
feeble or needy.
J) = he may see or refer there.

= thy Former

* .These abbreviations are used after the name of a city.


til}'

aMaker, thy

.Possessor, tliy Creator.

= to make good oiie's

authority.
= '

title or

a fair branch; N. P..

= good imaginntion.
= -^ evil imagination.
))i"i=

may his Eock and

Redeemer protect him ; may his

Rock protect him aiid grant him (long) life ;
may Ile watch his going out and comiiig in ;
God is my Rock and Redeemer;

Israel is just and upright.

fonnation.

= ^

the Lord of Hosts is with us.

/ = wine, sanctification of the

holiday, and the enjoyment of the season.^;

^ =

wine, sanctihcation of the holiday, lamp, the distinction between

the Sabbath and the common days, the enjoyment of
the season.
= " may it be His pleasure;

the purse of Reuben ; N. B.

= ^'or may his or her glory
be exaltedt may God have mercy.
* These blessings are to be said by every Israelite on the evening of a
holiday.

The blessing for the enjoyment of the season is

t These blessings arc to be said by every Israelite on the evening of a

holiday that falls at the close of tlie Sabbath.
I A eulogy added after tlie name of a ruling sovei'oign, ]irincc or princess.

).

^ = ^ : miiy it be pleasing or
accej)table to Thee.

= ^Jerusalem
= one who fears

G o d ;

the fear of God ; intoxicating spirit;

the purse of Simeon N. B ; may his
name be blotted out.
i i ^ ' ^ i = the salvation of God; N . B.

'

=
he shall dwell safely, and shall be quiet from fear of evil.
) ' ] ^ ' i = may his name and his me
mory be blotted out.
= Jacob shall sprout; N. B.

="may his name live or last for ever.

= Moses win rejoice; K B.

= "the holy Sabbath day.

Solomon^s molten sea ; N. B;

= "blessed; Jonathan translates;
the basis of repentance; a goodly
person; the penitential days.
= ^ : may He be blessed and
extolled.

Isaiah, the

twelve minor prophets, Lamentations, Ecclesiastes. *

= ^^may His name be blessed.
* This abbreviation shows the books onfinishingthe reading of which the
Israelites repeat the verse before the last, as they do not end with
propitious passages.

56

= stands for 20 ; at the beginnmg of words,
according to, as ; and at the end, as a sign of the second
person singular ; also for he wrote; writing ;
written.
= for if; but; h each one ; every
one ; thus says.
3 ^ h each and every one.

peace be to ail that

is his.
f?f = thus
say our Rabbies of blessed memory.

'="all in it ; N . B.
^'' = a high priest.
= as he says ; as it is
said; every thing; such are the
words of; it resembles the saying or word.

= as it is said.
f?f =

as our Babbies of blessed memory say.

3 = so it i s ; a common priest;
for so ; for even as ; the throne of
glory ; respect of living creatures ;
a measure of flour ; N . B.

='

thus he says.

57

= 'a high priest; of this

colour or kind ; in this manner.
= according to the
rule given to INIoses on Sinai.
= 'the Sacred Writings; the Holy
Scripture.

the honourable gentle

man Rabbi.
1 ' ' 3 = *^ the honourable and learned
Rabbi.

'^

= let every
thing that has breath praise the Lord ; praise ye the
Lord.

= knop and flower; N . B .

= a good writing

or

entry and seal.

= ''2so and so.

~ stars

and planets or

the

signs of the Zodiac.

= a general and first principle;
at all.
'3 = all this ; an the time.

= costly vessels or articles ; N . B .

= crown; wisdom, under
standing.
" - a percious vessel or article ; N . B .
all his days; the congregation of
8

58

Israel or the Jwish church; ^ manuscript; hand

writing ; tl^e wings of a dove ; N. B.
' 5 = * ^may such be His pleasure.

= ^^
'

a cup of salvation ; N . B.

= h so mud!; thus it is written;

thus he writes ; the whole writing

all like this ; the priestly mitre.

= ^

as the whole world.

= as to s a y ; every language ;
whole saying.
^
for ever.

= for His mercy endureth

= ^ aPrlest,a Levite^an Israelite.
=

your

honourable

rank;

thus it is argued or refuted ; thus

it is understood;thusit appears; double money;
K. B ; refined silver N . B ;
crown, kingdom (two attributes); the royal crown j
N, B ; thus I found ; every place.

= ^as what he says.

= as it is said.
="

^ for he shall give his angels charge over

thee, to keep thee in all thy ways.
"
Babbi.

= the honourable rank of

^'^^
= or as he says or writes;
h every place where it is said.

as the wise men

say ; as it was.
= or as he says
or writes above.

= ^

your

honourable

and glorious rank.

= choice silver; N . B ; thus
it appears.

= ^^

the great Synods

Assembly or Synagogue.
= as it is mentioned.

="

or

as mentioned

above.
'' = as mentioned below.
= ' the congregation of Israel; the
Jewish church: the assembly or syna
gogue of Ezekiel.
^ ^ ' ^ = thus it appears to me;
as mentioned above; as mentioned
below or within.
g2)"3 = all periods or full stops.
* This name is applied to the great Synod presided over by Ezra, and
consisting of 120 members, and is alleged to have been engaged in restoring
and reforming the worship of the Temple after the return of the Jews from
Babylon,

60

= or the whole world ;

the whole subject or matter ; the
highest or greatest Power; the highest
crown ; by a slip knot.
S3"3 = P^i3 thus he decides ; every time;
all looks,modes, or reasons; if there
be any difference of opinion ; a vessel of pure
gold ; N . B ; a coat of many colours ; N . B
! ^ = the true priest ; the priest of
righteousness.
= it ought to be so.

p = the whole passage;

the Sacred AVritings; the Holy Scripture.
= ^or as he says or writes
as it is written ; his honoured
name; much more so ; all that may
be; a little; tho devotion or object of
Solomon ; N . B.

- the crown of a good name.

= ^as it is joined or tied to.
= the honour of his learned
name ; the honour of his glorious
name.

the honour of his glory;

the crown of the Law.
= as ordain
ed by wise men of blessed memory.

"3 =

thus translates Jonathan.

ci

stands for 30 ; as a sign of the dative, to, for ;

also for tongue or language.
= one language; another
word or language ; the language or saying
of others ; the German language;
a quiescent verb having for its third radical.
= to or of my honoured father.
= to each and every one.
= to the utmost length of days;
to the land of Israel.

for many happy days;

for a long happy life.
^ = ^ " may it not be to you.
=: the latter language or saying.
= to or of the creation of the
world.
= we do not read; there
is no reading.
= '

thirty third day

of Omer.
= ^"there is no parallel to i t ;
it is not like: to or of David ; not only;
a sorrowful bread; N. B.
= ?^according to the opinion
of Onkelds.

"f? =

according
opinion of Eben Ezra.

to the

= according to the opinion of

Jonathan.
= ^ according to the Kabbala;
or tradition; according to the opinion of
Kinichi; according to the opinion of
80me; its reading has no parallel.
'

= according to the judgment or

rule of the Law.

^ ^ to God; for God's sake

he ought to have said so ; a quies
cent verb having for its third radical.
= ^ ' what is this thing Hke.
= ^ 2 the

shew bread; N. B.

=^the holy
Hebrew ; gleaning

language i e,

of theflour;N . B.

= ^ slander.
= ^"for ever and ever.

= this language; this saying ;

a word of the masculine gender.

^ = ^ " for this he says.

}^

of the

m o n t h ; Eabbani-

cal language; costly or pleasant bread;

N. B ; to find favour.

= ^"

prlnceiy food; N. B.

63

= ^^to (grant) favour and mercy.

= to a happy and
peaceful life.
)^ = double bread; N . B.
J^"^ = a good doctrine ; N . B.
= for or of the additional year ;
the gleaning of Joseph N . B; the bread
of Judah ; N . B ; a word of the singular
number.
^ i ' ^ = of or to Jonathan.
/'^ = to those who come out of his
loins; to his descendants.
) ^ " i ^ = may it not be eitinguished for ever,

= ''

in tho
name of the unity of the Holy and Blessed One ; in the
Bingular name of the Holy and Blessed One,
= ^ " gleanings or extracts from the
Law.

= ^

therefore he says;

o every one.
^ 2 =
to your honourable rank.
3 3 " ^ = for this it is said ; for this we
Bay.
=

according to the general

opinion.
= accompanying one to ashortdist-

64

ance of his journey ; the language of the

learned the practised tongue ; there is
none to say or saying ; for or in the future:
why to me? why have I ? why to him?
why has he &c.
= ^'^language of the Scripture ;
double bread ; N. B ; not required ;
not asked; not questioned.

= ^

according to the num

ber of the children of Israel.
^"

= to him who says.

= ?^

for good luck.

^ " - 3 to your honourable rank.

= ^ ^ to the honourable
rank of his learning.
= therefore it is said ; therefore we
say; to me it appears ; a word of
the feminine gender.
Q ' ^ = hidden bread ; N . B.
iQ = ^for thy salvation do i
hope, 0 Lord.

_ ^''^^to my poor knowledge.

= ^
in the world to come.
= the language of a strange people.
^"

= heart, eye, spleen.

^/^ _ for the eve of a holiday.

' = for or in the future.

05

)!i')^^ = for this time for

everlastinpf.
= for or in the future.
a S = to SO and so^ there is no
disagreement in i t ; the third letter of the
root; gleanings in a garden N". B.
= ''of great reckoning including
thousands.

according to the law.

= or according to this.

therefore; of or accord
ing to the translation of Jonathan.

= ?^

according to my poor

knowledge.
2'^=
thousands.

of small reckoning, omitting

= not required.
^ ^ not read; not difficult;
not disputed or argued ; former
language or saying ; short language or few
words.

= ^for thy salvation do i

Avait,

0 Lord.

= ^there is nothing difficult, it

is not to be disputed at all; there is nothing to be dis
puted.

^i^'p^ = gleanings of iiiies; N .

B.

6G

= ^ ' ' a word of the plural number;

much bread; N . B .
= not suitable ; he did not

teach; the feread of Solomon; N., B.

V = gleanings |or extracts

from the rules relating to the sheaf forgotten in the

field and the corner of the field; N . B. %
= for the name of God.,
f ) ' ' ^ = thou slmlt not do ;. a negative
precept; a pur])le dress ;. N . B .

atlh

= his footsteps shall not

totter.

stands for 40 ; at the beginning of words for
from; than;: also for lord lady; (terms of res
pect to an elder relation); kingdom; college;-.
allegorical exposition.
^ " ) ^ = one or same weight; one or same
grammatical f o r m ; another

weight; an

other grammatical form ; one kind ;

an allegorical narration ; armies
of God;: K B ; works of God; N . B .

the rod of Aaron N . . B .

th

shield of Abraham.; N. B ; He who set

* Sec E.\. XIX 9, 10; and Deut. xxiv. 1921.

07

prisoners at liberty; last water ;;:

another place.
= the honoured Elijah
the son of Haeeni.

= -^ ^^^^^ ^ luminary ; N . B.
= whence have we said to
him ; whence have we said i t ; what
is there to be said.
'

from the Infinite.

= the say
ing of our Babbies of blessed memory.
= 'a mingled offering; K B.
the worli: of creation, a description of
the beginning or creation ; the portion
of Benjamin; N . B. the travels of
Benjamin ; N. B.; one speaking of himself;
the first person in grammar,
= a human king.

= '*

a secret gift appeases

anger.

Menahem the son of Seruk.

while !t is yet the day.

= blessed may she be

above women in the tent {a phrase used after the
name of a female).
^)2) = by decree; ^ a great number
* Water for washing hands after a meal is called last water.

G8

greater calculation i. o. counting units as tens, hun

dreds &c : the great or solar cycle;
the great Masora; N. B ; a great pre
sent; K B.
= 'the hook of Esther;
the siiieid of Abraham; :N^. B ; the
Shield of tho patriarchs ; N. B.

= shields i.e, princes of the earth;

N.B.

= Lectures called ^ligdal

David ; i . e. the toAver of David ; N. B.

= a scroll of mysteries; N . B
= the revealer of deep or hid"
den things ; N . B; from the garden of Eden ;
food, vine, (fruit of) a tree

the shields of Solomon; N . B ;

by analogy.

= a tract of the Talmud on

fasts ; kingdom, power, beauty.

he who says ; what is

it that is written ; what is the meaning of the words or
|)assage ; male waters; Avhatis
it that you say ; a college; an allegorical exposi
tion ; the Shield of David; N . B ;
full of discourses.

= what is said.
= the attribute of justice.
* After eating these a particular grace is to be said.

G9

the atti-ibate of mercy.

= an allegorical exposition of
Law and the five Megilloth.

= )

or from Cod; the

light of the captivity ; on such account; in
the name of such; the attribute of justice;
the angel of death ; the
ministering angels ; extent of the world :
usage of the world; heathen kings ;
those who seek God; the hidden
exposition; N . B; portions of the Levite
N. B; watching the house; N. B . ;
one who proclaims the new moon.
= ' or from the laws of
rvobbery or theft.
'

= from the undersigned.

He who sends the dew.

= from the publisher.

= from the laws of sale
from the laws of loan; the
angel of death.

="from
law^s of forbidden food.

the

= whence or
how are these words,which our Babbies teach,applicable.

= ! from the laws of the

loss of money.

vo

= from or on Mount Sinai.

= a newspaper.

oV or =
our honoured and learned Rabbi.

= our honoured
and learned Kabbi Isrelash.

=
honoured and learned Rabbi Elyahoo Mizrahee.

our

= "1 our
honoured and learned Rabbi Aaron Sason.
"

our

"

our

=
honoured and learned Rabbi Haeem Wital.
=
honoured and learned Rabbi Haeem Shabbethai.

="*our
honoured and learned Rabbi Isaac Abuhab.
^^

our
honoured and learned Rabbi Joseph the son of Leb.

= ^

our honoured
and learned Rabbi Jacob Wawayal.

^ = ^

our honoured
and learned Rabbi Joseph Taranee.

^ = our
honoured and learned Rabbi Yom Tob Sahlon.
^ = ^

our honoured

and learned Rabbi Jacob Levi ;

our honoured and learned Rabbi Isaac Luria.

= our honoured

and learned Rabbi Joseph Karoo;

our honoured and learned Rabbi Joseph Kolon.

= ' our honourcd and learned Rabbi Levi the son of Chabib.

= our
honoured and learned Rabbi Moses Isrelash.

= our
honoured and learned Rabbi Moses Taranee.

^^'' = our honoured

and learned Rabbi Mordecai Yaphe.

=''

our
honoured and learned Rabbi Meir of Padua.

=''

5 our
honoured and learned Rabbi Menahem Azariah.

5^ = ''

and learned Rabbi Ozer.

our honoured

= our honoured
and learned Rabbi Haeem Weetal.
''

our

our

=
honoured and learned Rabbi Solomon Edlash.

honoured and learned Rabbi Solomon Cohen.

= our
honoured and learned Rabbi Solomon Luria.

= : from the laws of slaughtre-

72

ing animals ; the ministering angels.

= from the laws of prayer.

= from the laws of

the study of the Law.
=

my honoured father-in-law.

' !^

= the bearer of

this letter.
= a publisher.

transposition;
from now and henceforth; buying
and selling ; trade.
1 " =
N . B.

a guide for the perplexed ;

an upright teacher.

= sodomy.
= a good luck.

Jacob's altar ; N . B.

- the spring or source of wisdom;

N . B; fountain of life; N . B ;
the teaching of pious men; the work or story
of Chiyah.

^ = half a shekel.
= the

saying of

our wise men of blessed memory.

^paying half damage.

= ^^or what is the reason or

73*

object; a good luck; good

works ; the story or work of Tobiyah.

= the tribe of Dan; N . B.

* = the tribe of Joseph ; N . B.
= the rod of Moses ; N . B.
i ' ) ^ = whence do we know or under
stand; the Avars of God; the
desert of Judah ; N. B ; the offering of
Judah; N. B; the offering of Jacob ; N . B.
"*

= dress for holidays.

= 'your honourable rank ;

the offering of a priest; N . B ; the
gifts of priesthood ; N . B ; I found it writ
ten; a tract of the Talmud called the
Bride.
"

= 1 from each and every one.

= who is like unto thee,

0 Lord, among Gods.

= ^the bearer of this letter.

i ^ ' ^ = the sale of Joseph.

tji^^g^ = a golden Psalm

of David ;

N. B.
' = newspapers.

^^2'=

^^much more, much less.

= your elevated and

glorious rank.
10

74

^^

whence have we;

publisher ; it requires ; a
Psalm of praise ; N. B.; a purifier of silver;
N. B.

" 1 the kingdom of wickedness.

for example, to
what does this word refer; for example, what is this
thing like.

a negative precept.

= at all events-, at any rate;

a pointer, a reference ; the descrip
tion of the divine chariot mentioned in Eze. I ;
what do we understand ; the duty or
merit of attending a funeral; higher and
higher; lower and lower ; more
or less; the rod of Moses ; N . B,

or
regions of the sea.

"

= "

=
King of Kings.

from the

the Supreme

= in whatever wa}^ you wish.

^ = or from what he wrote
or said.
i = m whatever way you wish;
restoration of life; the lumi
naries of Nathan ; N . B ; female waters:
a guide for the perplexed ; N. B.

75

= portions of the Levite ; N . B.

= a candlestick for hght;
N.B.
^ ^ ' ^ = whence is it produced for us
whence do Ave find it.

one paying the Avhole

damage.

= from the fifty gates

of understanding.
D = from the book; number;
a tract; a teacher thinks ; the
scroll of secrets ; the scroll of a book :
the tract on scribes; the
closed brain.

= the great
= the

Masora; N . B.
tract

on polite

ness or mannerly behaviour.

f)^D^

one speaking uninten

tionally.

= the small Masora ; N. B.

= an affirmative precept;
light of the eyes; a friendly countenance;
reveaier of hidden things; a
newspaper; Menahem Azariah ; N . B.;
the tower of strength.
= the work of God.

7G

he is considered in

Scripture.

from the book called

the tree of life ; the fountain of wis

dom ; N . B ; the work of wise men.
'

= good works.

* =

the ford of Jabbok ; N . B.

= the elevated charac
ter of your learning.
' = from time to t i m e ;
lending verbally i . e. without any writing.

^^ = royal dainties ; N . B.
='a thing overlaid

with

sapphires ; N . B.
= he is considered in
Scripture.
= paths of righteousness; right
paths ; N. B.

a discourse on the theory

of microcosm.
= an host ; an army.

= the story or work of Hiyah

"0 =
the name of the Lord is a strong tower, the
righteous runneth into it and is safe.

your elevated glory.

77

B'fi = the middle of a sentence.

^! = the interpreter of dreams.
"

= ^

from the mouth of the Most

High.

"

= our Rabbi Tam ex

plains.

an upright teacher j 5
an upright judgment; the sight or vision
of hosts ; N . B; upright judgments ; N. B.
"52 = a minor festival; a tract in the
Talmud; a holy convocation;
a small number; units; smaller calculation i.e. counting
tens and hundreds as units ; the smaller or
lunar cycle;

= ^

the fountain of life.

= discourses called

="

^ a commentary

on called

= ^ ^! o^y convocations.

= my master (and) my teacher;

the allegorical exposition of the book of
Ruth ; grief of mind ; our master
Moses; the allegorical exposition of the Law
and the five Megilloth ; the attribute of mercy.

78

= ^ the Mishna or teaching

of Rabbi Eliezer.

= adomers' looking-glasses;

from the new year.

= the second chariot; N . B .

^; = a cure for the s o u l ;

what does he wish or mean to say.
= certified by two hun
dred Rabbies.

= Moses our master

may peace be on him.
= the school of Samuel; the
allegorical exposition of Samuel; N . B.;
Passover breads prepared from wheat carefully pre
served ; N . B ; the close of Sabbath ;
or what he says or writes; or
he who says or writes; what is written;
what does it teach;
judgments of Samuel; N . B .

the

what the Scrlptm-esays;

what the writing says.

what is written;

what is not so.

'
Sabbath.

= the close of the holy

= what
our Rabbies of blessed memory say.

79

= the gift of the L a w ;

a copy of the Law ; those who deny the
truth of the Law ; infidels.

stands for 50 ; at the beginning of verbs as the
characterestic prefix of Niphal; as first person plural
common future; at the end as third person plural
feminine ; also for son.
= or another version;
I pray, 0 lord; the soul of man ;
N . B ; an inheritance from the fathers ; N. B.

drawing or holding back.

J = she who dwells in your house ;

the beauty of your house ; your wife ;
written on its side; the inheritance of
Benjamin; N. B.

may his soul rest in Eden.

= ^ his word becomes clear.

= the outcasts of Israel.

= the holy mitre; triumph,
glory.
= triumph, glory, basis.
=
Nadab and Abihu, the sons of
Aaron.

= ^

80

this abbreviation shows the

Haftaroth of the Sabbaths that fall between the Day of
Lamentation and the Day of Atonement, and of the fast
of Gedaliah, The first seven are of consolation; and the
last two,for and ,are of repentance.
= female.
i f ^ = the pleasant songs ormusic
of the Israelitesjthe sweet Psalmist or David;a competent
Chazan ; N. B .
J =: the lamp of the Feast of Dedication;
a living soul; N . B ; a wise soul;
N. B .

the inheritance of Jacob ; N . B.

" = a quiescent verb having

for its third radical.

= ^ a quiescent verb having

for its third radical.
* - gratification to the spirit.

the inheritance of seven

nations; N. B . Nlddul, Cherem, Shamatta, three kinds of excommunications, one severer than
the other,
= one who gives a
which gives taste

reason ; that

washing hands.

= 1 the dispersed of Judah;

He will light his lamp, a complimentary phrase used

81

after the name of a person; the lamp of

Israel; washing hands;
annotations by Joseph.
= ( God) the glory of Israel.
= the Prophetical writings and
the Hagiographa.
= or the abovementloned ;
it appears to me; we can say ;
we infer; a lamp for light.

'

= who (died or) left

for his eternal home; who
(died or) was sought for his eternal home.

who (died or)

was sought for the assembly of wise men above.
= '^added without being
required by the context; added without any purpose.

= ^

added unnecessarily.

Q ]5 = we infer from i t ; hence it follows;

the commandment is a lamp;
paraphernalia ; property brought by a bride beyond her
dowry.
^ ' ^ = it becomes a carcass or forbidden
for food.
3 = a syllable, the last consonant of
which is silent.
3 = a syllable, the last consonant of
which is sounded.
11

s:^

for ever, ever and ever.

= " ^ may liis rest be in the Garden of

Eden ; a })lirase used after tlie name of a deceased
person ; the rulers or leaders of the people.
) ^ " ^ = a quiescent verb having for
its sccoiid radical.

= the voiunie called

J = falling prostrate on the face

in daily prayers ; a quiescent verb having
for its first radical.
>5) 3 = a quiescent verb having for
its iirst radical.
^"!1 = the inheritance of the glorious
land; the consolation of Zion;
a honeycomb; N. B.

= ^

property like sheep con

sidered as iron.
i = we read ; we call; he or it is called.

=
='

studs of silver; N . B.

may the Merciful

protect and save him; may the
!Merciful protect and bless him;
may the ]^lerciful ])rotect him and grant him long life;
his Protector is high and exalted.

life, spirit, soul.

1

= ^:

8-3

= ^^the dweUing of peace;

full damage; a 1111 ot at ious of Samuel';
the inheritance of the seven aboriginal
nations of the Holy Land ; N. !>.

the fifty gates of un,-

derstanding.

^ =

Naphtali is satisfied with

favours; N. 11
"3 = fearful in praises; N . B ;.
the giving of the Law.

= 1 or may his or
her rest be in Eden; a phrase used after the name of a.
deceased person.
0 ^ 0 =

" stands for GO ; also for a book ;:
a chapter ; an omen ; a sign ;, closed ; closely
written ; a section.
= another book ; other
books ; one cause ; another chapter;
another s i g n ; section first;
the spirit opposed to virtue or holiness ;
another opinion ; books of faith.

= a book called
the ^ v c i x s of life.
= mingled Hour ; N . B;
s3ction second &c.

S4

^ ^ tiie end of Gemara-;

a book on spheres or transmigratloii of souls ;
the order or manner of divorce.
= the book of secrets ; a book
on modesty; do you suppose? the
end of a thing ; at last; the help of God.

= do you suppose our

saying (to be correct)?
- the prayer and portions of the
Scripture &c. prescribed for the day.
'D = the book of secrets ; a book
on modesty.
= the book of Zohar or splendour ;
the book on the fear of God; the
book of Jasher ; the prayer and portions of
Scripture &c.prescribedfor the day the total sum.

^ = the sign or characterestic of

the conjugation.
n

= a series of generations ( an
historical work).

" =
'

'

the book of Zohar or splendour.

= the book of Quakers ; N . B.

= the book of devotions; N . B.
= the sign of the inflection;

the sign of the gender.

'85

^ ^ ^ ^ " the

numbering of the

Omer.^
= the end of a thing ; at last.
f Q = a c1nonic1e ;N . B.
^ " 3: nectar; the book of
pious men ; the order or manner of release
given to the \vidow of a deceased brother, who dies
childless.
= an auspicious omen ;
may my end be good.

the spirit opposed to virtue

or hoHness
iQ = a sign;an omen ; a chapter; the
book of device or creation ; N . B; the book
of Israel; N . B.
) i Q = the book of geneologies (an his
torical work).

t^V'^D =

may his or its end

be for good.
= he is of opinion.
= turn above singer ;
a sign to change the voice.
) = the book of morals; N. B.;
the angel of death.

tlie larger book of precepts.

* The numbering of forty nine days from the Second Day of Passover to
the Feast of Weeks is called the numbering of the Omer,

,.sc

tlie book of tlie wars of

God.

= the book called

enlightening of the eyes.

the smaller book of pre.

cepts.

= the book of precepts

by Maimonldes
QQ = the end of chapter-; the
perfect end of a matter; the slfghtest
doubt.
= the chronicle of the world;: N . B;.
the manner of worship.
= the end of the first page
or column.
SD - ^^^^^ ^^^^ ^ ^chnpter-'r a
tonic accent at the end of a sentence equal to a period ;
the end of a section of the Law read on a
Sabbath day ; the mystery of a sentence..

to the last farthing.

p S D = ^^P P^^ ^^^' ^^^^ ^'

chapter,
= a small branch ; a small section ;
doubt of betrothal.
g rz The First Cause ; God.
^^ = '2 construct state,
plural number, feminine gender, pronoun.

87

the allegorical exposition

of the book of Exodus.
= the book of the Law;
mysteries of the Law ; fiual letters.
' ' 0 = end, middle, beginning.
= 0 : ^ 0 =

stands for 70;also for page or column;
order or arrangement ; the eve of,
'

= first page or column-,

one subject or matter ; another subject or

matter; still another one; one more;
the worship of idols; wor
shippers of Idols; the world of emanation:
the gleaning of the grapes of Ephraim.

instead of one, how

many more.
'

= the worship of the Creator;

a city of Benjamin ; the world of

creation ; a morning sacrifice ;
the vale of blessing; the second page or
column &c.
= 'or with the delightful son
or daughter.

until the
long as the moon lasts.

moon

fades ;

as

88

see the book called

Joseph's knees.
= h or on the back of; generally
the prepositions on, upon, over.

'

= on the surfiicc of the

ground.
= on account of; by the way
of; on this; according to the opinion
of; my poor knowledge ; the city
of David ; The Most Ancient ; God.

= or in truth.
= on account of this;
by this way.

= for example ; figuratively;

on account of what; on some
account.

in or by a peaceful way.

= ^^"the continual burnt ofieriug ;

N.B; or peace be unto him or her ;*
or peace be unto them;
this subject or matter ; the king's vale;
N. B; the service of the kiug; the
eye of the reader ; or people of the land;
illiterate person or persons ; with the word
the help of God; the servant
of God; with the letters;
the vale of blessing; the obscurity of the
* These phrases are used after the names of deceased persoas.

89

rule; a bed of spices, the

world of spirits ; the pillar of dawn or
morning; with the whole.

"or = "the future

="the service

world.
of

the

Gershonite; N . B.
' or = this world.
= about the signatures or seals.
'

= the holy worship;

the Holy City.

= the evU eye.

'

= with the word.

with this ; on or about this ;

its seven pillars; N . B.; strange
worship or idolatry ; the crown of the old ;
N . B.

on or about this he

says.

^ = ^ ' on or about this it is said.

= ^the tree of life.

the undersigned

witnesses.
= through; by; by means of;
the burnt offering of Isaac ; N . B ;
the eye or fountain of Jacob; N . B . ;
thevaleof Jehoshaphat; N . B.; The Ancient
of Days; God.
12

00

= ^

the eve of the Day of

Atoneiiieiit.

tlie eye or fountain of Joseph; N. B.

f i ^ = by means of this.

the eve of a hohday.

^ S ] ; = the eve of the Day of Atone

ment.
V'^ = extracts called

^ ' S p = by means of the former or

foregoing; a city of refuge ; the
eyes of Moses ; N. B.

= ^

our holy

and

glorious city.
% = the eye or fountain of Israel;
X . B.
^ = ^ the celebrated city.
= 'therefore ; on all ; so
fiir; imtii here; being compelled;
the worship of stars.
'

= so far

arc his

words;

on or about all this.

= ' the worshippers of

stars and planets or the signs of Zodiac.

for all that.

'

= so lar is what he says

91

= h about all what 1

written.

at all events;
so far is his explanation.
= ^'on every side.
= refer or consider above ;
' refer or consider below or within.
^"j^ = according to the weight ; accord
ing to the grammatical form ; the teii
sayings or commandments; on condition;
the yoke of a worker of abomination or of an
idolator ; on the press.

according to one or the

same weight ; according to one or the same grammati
cal form.

= ^

my

help comes from the Lord, who made heaven and

earth.
= for the sake of recelving a reward.

1y^"j^ =

or on or about what

he says or writes ; pillars of marble ; N . B.;

until a hundred years.
= it is said about him or it.

Eden, river, garden.

( = blessing after) washing:

hands.

92

= ! to tlie end ; until chfipter;

the ten Sephiroth or attributes;

pen of a writer ; tlie eve of the Feast of
Tabernacles ; the removal of some letters
from the text of the Scripture by the scribes.
3 " =
farthing.

to the last

= a HebrcAv servant;
the heifer whose neck is broken; refer or
consider over i t ; look or consider again ;
a verb having the same letter for its second
and third radicals.
=

the worshippers

of idolp.
= the
worshippers
strange gods ; the devotees of strange worship.

of

^1^J^ = look or consider there again.

= by the command of-; according to;
on the face of; ten times;
the eve of the Feast of Passover; on a
certain sentence ;
on a certain portion of the
Law ; the second radical letter.

=
^3J^ ~

according to the Masoreth.

*^^^ command of God.

5{J^ = on the side of; a crown of

glory; N . B.
^"^- the bones of Joseph.
p j j = still more difficult;

93

The Ancient and Holy One ; God; a security

admitting the ternis of an agreement.
'
city.

= our holy and glorious

the binding or offering of

Isaac ; N . B.
hp ^ = still more difficult to me; he
opposed me again.

a little chamber ; N. B.

= ^wine of pomegranates ; N . B.

=
= ^

the eve of a New Year.

the eve of a New Moon

= ^^"^the eve of a Sabbath;

the eve of the Feast of Weeks ; refer or consider
there ; with peace ; with compliments ;
in the name of; on the bank of;
its seven pillars ; N . B.; the burnt
offering of Sabbath ; false evidence.

= refer there for full parti

culars.

= ^

the ten penitential

days.
"

= the eve of the holy

Sabbath.

f)"^ = the continual burnt offering;

N. B.; joining limits for Sabbath day's
journey.

94

the celebrated
city and mother town of Israel.

2 stands for 80 ; also for chapter; times;
a sentence or verse ; he explains ; a
portion or section of the Law ; open ; openly
written such a one.
= a corner; chapter first;
chapters of the Fathers ( on ethics), a tract of the
Talmud ; another interpretation ;
once ; again ; a man's face ; N . B.;
a lion's face; N. B.; a quiescent verb
having for its first radical.
'3 = the smaller book called
a lion's face.

= the chapter of the Talmud

commencing with the words *
^! = the chapter of the
Talmud commencing with the words
'

= face to face.

^ = chapter second &c ; the

last chapter.
= the escaped of the house
of Judah ; the deliverance of the house of Judah.
*Every chapter of the Talmud is thus named from its commencing word*.

= face to face;
such a one the son of such a one.
j g = a great part;
furtive Patha.
= the chapter of the Tahnud
commencing with the words

= "^ a serpant shall

bite him, who breaks an hedge or trespasses a limit.
= the introduction or opening
of a book ; the division of a book.
kam"

= it is a passage from the Scripture ;

the explanation of the sentence.
S = the door of the tabernacle.

the chapter of the

Talmud commencing with the wor ds
= &increasing and multiplying by
marriage.

face or front and back ; forward

and backward.
{''2 = 2a pastor and manager.
/ 3 = sad looks.
''5 = the interpretation of dreams;
a reflexive verb.
= a new fruit ; N.B.
= 'here is buried ; its
fruits are good.
* See note page 39.

96

/ ' S = he explains ; the face of

Isaac ; N . ]>.; a verb having for its first radi
cal; a transitive verb.
= the chapter of the Talmud
commencing with the words
= 'the chapter of the Talnmd
commencing with the words

! =

the chapter of the Talmud

commencing with the words
^

= ! the flower of Lebanon ; N . B .

)2'g = the face of Moses ; N . B .

= 'the rod of Aaron bud
ded; N . B .
= precious fruits ; N . B .

a smiling face; N . B .

^"g = a defective verb having for its first

radical; here is buried; here
is entombed ; the ransom or redemption
of a soul.
= an open paragraph, a closed
paragraph.
5^'3 = an intransitive verb;
an open place.
= here in the holy city of-.
* The open paragraph is so called because it commenced the line ; and the
other closed, because it is 6fparatcd within the line by ^ space.

97

= ^

* the reveaier of secrets ; N . Bfc)"g = an excuse; hope; first radical

letter.

= the mouth of the

righteous meditates on wisdom.
g = a small coin; a farthing;
the first chapter ; explanatory notes;
the iittie Purim.
'3 = apiece of pomegranate ;N. B.;
an orchard of pomegranates.
= chapters of Babbi EKezer;
N. B.

= ^ literal sense, figurative

sense, explanatory sense, mysterioas sense; the four
different modes of Interpreting the Holy Scripture.

= ^ commentary of Babbi
David Kimchi.
! = Babbi Channanel explains;
a new fruit; N . B.
^ ' ' 3 = chapters of Moses ; N. B.

=
budded; N . B.

the

rod of Aaron

= commentary of
Rabbi Shelomo Ishaki.
"3 = our Rabbi Tam explains.
jj^^gj = the chapter containing the song of
objects in nature; N. B.; double portion; doubly.
13

OS

= the gate of hope; N . B .

^ = inner, middle,
^
book.

outter.
- an opening; the introduction of a

"?13 = perhaps you will find an

occasion to say.

" stands for 90.

^ ' ' = one side; another side.
^ ^^ = you are required to say.
= sheep considered as iron.
= the fast of Gedaliah;
a perfectly righteous man.
= a great and bitter cry.
= the Branch or Sprout of David ;
the Messiah ; N . B. ; a honeycomb ; N . B.
= a bundle of myrrh ; N . B.;
sorrowful afflictions ; the rising of
stars; a knot or contraction of the senews.

= ^the better side.

= the rising of stars.
= righteousness and truth.
= north and south.
M|y = the three verses
nely P^alm x x x v i . 7;

LXXI.

19; and cxix, 142; which

99

re recited on Sabbath days In the afternoon prayer.

= ^

the righteoua
separates his fringes always.
= it is required to be-;
it is required to say ; provision for the way.
= a requisite ; a thing necessary in a
matter ; it requires consideration.

= a great and bitter

cry
3 ' the new reveaier of secrets;
N. B.
3 " ^ = the reveaier of secrets by
Taranee ; N. B.
5{ =: the righteousness of the perfect.

" stands for 100 ; also for reading ; stiff;

dif&cult; first; the first vowel point.
J^p = the offering of Aaron ; N. B .

'2> = 'the voice of mourners ; N.

B.

= ' or The
Holy One w^ho is Blessed.
jp = or a great congrega
tion ; a perfect oath.

12f)!i'p

= a perfect and fail oath.

= Jonah^s gourd; N. B.;

drop of blood.

^ = The Holy One of Israel.

= the holy of holies.
= the reading of the Law.

* = an inference from minor to major.

i * ( ' p = the voice of Jacob ; N. B.
= ^the voice of Judah ; N . B.
= acquire wisdom , he acquired
wisdom.

^^^ =

holiness,

purity, merc}', hope.

i ' p = the voice of Judah; N . B.;
the congregation of Jacob ; the praise

called repeated by an orphan.

^/'

= it is confinned with us.

Q(f"p

= the dlvldiug.of the Bed Sea.

= easy to understand ; it is
difficult for me ; he questioned me; he
objected to my proposition.
= ^ holy unto God ; dedicated to the
worship of God.
^'p

= an offering of a gift; a meat

offering ; N . B.

^\ =

it teaches us.

p"p = an oath upon an handkerchief

T r h i s 8 the fvTRt of the thirteen10icnJrules laid dowB by Rabbi lebraael
Sox expotifldin^ the !aw.

101

or any other article fit to be sworn upon.

do you suppose ?

= ^notes on the laws

of the seclusion of a deserted wife.

or a holy congrega

tion ; holy of holies.

= Holy, Holy, Holy.

= the reading of the Law.
= the voice
of rejoicing and salvation is in the tabernacles of the
righteous.
jy = .

the recital of

Hear 0 Israel the Lord our God is one Lord.*'

= he read and studied .

= a praise in the liturgy called
containing a sentence commencing with the word
.

" stands for 200 ; also for . Rabbi.

= Rabbi Elazar ; the Rabbi
,says; paved with love; first
watch of the night; Rabbi Eliezer.
= Rabbi Abraham the
Bon of David ; Rabb! Abraham
the son of Deor.

102

=
on of Haeoin.

Rabbi

Elijah

=*

^
Eliezer the son of Yose the Galilean.

the

Rabbi

= Rabbi Elazar the son

of Nathan.
^ = Rabbi Abraham the
son of Ezra generally known as Eben Ezra.
'

= the top of Amana^^-;

3..

Rabbi Elijah Mlzrachee.

Rabbi Aaron Sason.

= *'comfort me with apples;

N. B.
= Romans, Ba>
bylonlans, Grecians, Medians.
0

^"* = the commencemeiit of the Gemara;

Rabban Gamliel ; our Rabbi
Gershom.

our Rabbi Gershon, the light of the captivity.

0

the beginning of a thing; the beginning

of understanding; the head of David ; N. B.
^ = Rabbi David the son
of Zimra.
* Amaua is the name of a part of Mount Lebanon.

Lord

103

= Eabbi David the priest.

= the Beginning or
Source which is not known.
= Rabbi David Kimchi.
0
=
a !mblice jurisdiction; a public place;
the New Year's Dav.
= the New Moon.
^ - a private jurisdiction; a pri
vate place.
= -

a public

jurisdiction;

public place.
= ^high praises of God.

! =

the holy spirit.

j =: the spirit of grace.

= *'*many compliments.
^ / = our Rabbies of bless
ed memory.
= the of Merciful; a New Moon ;
the beginning of wisdom; N. B.;
the spirit of life; Rab Hasda;
our Rabbi Channanel; Rabbi Channanyah.
= Rabbi Haeem Weetal.

= may long life

and much peace be increased unto you.
= Rabbi Haeem the priest.

104

^ = may the Merciful deliver us.

= 'our Rabbi Tobia ,
Rabbi Tarphon.
' ' = the principal of a college;
Rabbi Yose; Rabbi Judah;
Rabbi Ishmael; our Rabbi l^eruham.
=
of Eliezer.

Rabbi Jacob the son

= ^ " Rabbi Joseph the son

of Goreon.

= Rabbi Jacob
author of .

= ^

the

Rabbi Jochanan the son

of Zakkai.
' = Rabbi Joshua the son of
Levi; Rabbi Joseph the son of Leb.
^
of Meir.

= 2 Rabbi Joseph the son

= ^

Rabbi Isaac the son of

Nathan.

= 'Rabbi Jacob Be Rab.

= Rabbi Isaac the son of
Sheshath.
^ / ' = Rabbi Judah Gaon.
/ = Rabbi Yanai the priest.
* The word

literally means eminence ; but it is also a title added to

the name of certain eminent Rabbies.

105

) = ^Rabbi Jacob Wawecl.

= " Rabbi Joseph Taranee.

= ^

Rabbi Yom
Tob the son of Abraham.

Rabbi Yom Tob Sahlon.

^/'

=: Rabbi Isaac Luria.

^''

= Rabbi Judah Mentz.

= ^Rabbi Judah Nakdan.

= ^Rabbi Joseph Koion.
= ^may the spirit of the

Lord

lead him.
^ = Rabbi L e v i ; wishing
or meaning to say ; he wished or meant to
say ; fit to amend ; Resh Lakish;
N, R. ; the chief of a band of robbers.
= Rabbi Levi the son of
Gershom.

= Rabbi iMeir; the

faithful Shepherd ; Moses; the princi

pal of a college ; the chief of a city or place.

Rabbi ]\1eir says;

Rabbi Moses Esraiash;
Rabbi Moses Alshech.

Rabbi Melr worker

of wonders.
= Rabbi mioses the son
14

106

of Maimon, generally known as Maimonides.

Rabbi Moses the son

of Nachman, generally known as Nachmanides ;
Rabbi Meir the son of Nathan.

Rabbi Meir work

er of wonders.

Rabbi Moses Galantl.

S = our Rabbi Moses Zekhuth.

Rabbi Moses Hazzan or

Minister; the numerical value of this abbreviation
shows also the 248 negative precepts, and the 248
members in the human body.

Rabbi Moses the priest.

= Rabbi Meir Lublin.

=
=

Rabbi Moses Mentz.

our Rabbi Moses

Cordavlro.

the faithful
our Rabbi Nlsslm.
"
Gaon.

"
Gaon.

our

shepherd; Moses;
Rabbi

Nahshon

the beginning of chapter.

our

Rabbi Saadiah

5^ = Rabbi Akiba ; Rabbi

Azariah.

Rabbi Akiba says ;

107

Rabbi Azariah s a y s ; the

top of the first page or column.

= ^

our Rabbi may peace

be on him.
S ' = many pearls; N . B . ; the
beginning of sentence; the beginning of
chapter-- : Rabbi so and so.

he that foiioweth after

righteousness and mercy; they that
follow after righteousness and mercy.

! our Rabbi Coionimos

the old.

= ^^

many

many compii-

ments
= Rabban Simeon;

SamueBs Ramah *; N. B . ; our Rabbi

Solomon; the head of a goat;
the beginning of years.

='

our Rabbi
Simeon the son of Abraham;
Rabbi Solomon the son of Addereth.
J 5 = Rabban Simeon
the son of Gamliel.

'

= Rabbi Simeon

the

son of Yohai.
* Ramah is the name of a city where Samuel the prophet and his parents
lived.

108

Rabbi Simeon the son

of Levi ; Rabbi Simeon the son
of Lakish.

'

= Rabbi Simeon the

son of Meir,

^ = Rabbi Solomon the

son of Sadok.
- Rabbi Solomon De
Medina.

=
=

Rab Shem Tob.

Rabbi Solomon Ishaki,

generally known as Raslii; Rabbi
Solomon Yarchi; the head of the
tribes of Israel.
''' = Rabbi Solomon the priest.
'' = Rabbi Solomon Luria.

= Lord of the universe.

= the win of the Omni
present.
= ''Our Rabbi Tam;
initial letters or abbreviations.
-=oc=

stands for 300 ; at the beginning of words for the
relative pronoun who, which or that; aiid for the
conjunction that; also for a gate; a part
generally of a book.

109

a gate; a p a r t ; the

first gate ; the first part ; First book

of Samuel; the first week;
the gate of Ephraim ; N. B . ; the remnant
of Ephraim; N. B.; the gates of light
or
prosperity
the ways of fliith;
N. B.
an

= which is impossible.
' = the remnant of Jacob ; N . B.

= may He who
observes truth protect him for ever.

which if not so.

= which is not required

to be said; which is not required
for its purpose.

near of my kin ; my

kill after me ; one dwelling in his place.

^ =

which is, or which are

in the four elements.

the tribe of Judah; the sceptre

of Judah ; N . B.
^'^]if

= any son of man; any human

being.

which is oral.

= shields of mighty men ; N. B.;

belonging to the gentiles.
= the fourth gate ; the fourth part;

110

the root of a word; the source of a thing ;

bloodshed ; the Hps of under
standing ; N. B.-, the gates of the plain of
Dura; N . B.; a good resemblance.
n ' = Solomon, David, Jesse ;
the Guardian of the dwelling of
Israel.

= a messenger of the Merci

ful, a title given to a messenger from the Holy Land
sent to make a collection in aid of some charitable
institution.
= the gate of the Lord ;
it is Sabbath;to-day ; the lily of thevalleys; N. B.; the Song of songs; N.B.;
a chain of traditions ; N". B.; who
decides thus ; it differs here ; it
differs there.

yiTW - which
specified by time.

= ^

is

occasioned

or

that he had to say.

= '' it
to-day, it is Passover to-day.

^^^^ ^ =

is

Sabbath

!^!ng Soiomon;

the ineffable name of God.

= which is a mystery ;
which are mysteries.

the liiy of the valleys;
N. B. ; a substantive.

111

King Solomon

may peace be on him.

= the Soiig of songs ; N. B.

^ = an adjective.
= ^^warp and woof; a cross.

= any one.
~ the slaughterer

and examiner
(of meat); slaughtering and examining
( meat).

'

=
the first six Parashiyoth of the book of Exodus ; fasts
observed on Mondays and Thursdays of the weeks
during which these Parashiyoth are read.

=
! =

peace and every good.

questions and answers.

= a masculine

noun; con
jugal intercourse ; seed of copulation.
= causeless enmity; envy;
years of life ; N . B.

Sheva, Cholem, Kamets,

three vowel points.

= a good name; he that
seeketh good.
'

= a bond of debt.

= this bond of debt.

= the Captivity of Jacob ; N. B. ;

the language of Israel; N. B.;

112

the words of old men; N. B.; the root of Jegsi;

N . B . ; His blessed name ; of the hand;
the renmant of Joseph ; N. B . ; a
nomi in the nominative case.

= silence is
appropriate at the time of prayer.

= double guide to the

way of wisdom ; N . B.

= may peace be unto

him; Amen.

= that he may
live a happy life ; Amen.
= ^ ^ I place God always
before me.
= ''that he may live for ever.
2" ^- the lips of a priest; N . B.

= who decides thus.

^^'^
r= ( rules about the sheaf) for
gotten in the field at the time of gleaning; 1
the whole of which is to be gleaned; the whole of
which is in extracts.
= ' Sabbath is a bride and
a queen.
= may thy reward
be double from heaven.

the surviving
members of the Great Synagogue.
^" = a gleaned ear of corn ; N . B. ;

113

agreeable to tlie above;

which we have sinned against thee;
Solomon Luria.

the two tables of the

covenant; N. B.

= ^

that he may

live a happy life ; Amen.

= praise or thanks to the
blessed God.

peace, peace be unto thee.

- we understand or learn from i t ;

lying on deathbed; celestial;
the table of kings ; royal feast.

reading every
verse of the text of the Law twice and its Chaldee
paraphrase once.

^ =

the morning, the

afternoon, and the evening prayer.

a name applicable to differ

ent things.
= 'as it is said ; a feminine
noun ; a collective noun.
= by Whose word or
command all things came into existence.

a silent Sheva.

= 'meat slaughtered by a
gentile is like a carcass.
15

114

= a vocal Sheva.
& ^ = 'one whose work is not
reniembered or considered.

the six orders or parts of the

Mishna.
0''=
numerical value of this abbrevia
tion shows the 365 affirmative precepts correspondino' to the 365 veins in the human frame and to the
number of days in a year.
= '5 the eighth day of the Feast of
Tabernacles; a prepared table; N . B.;
eighteen blessings.*
= the gates of tears ; N. B.

carding^spinning, twisting.

= a common npun.

peace to the

whole seed of Israel.

= "5a proper noun.

^ ^ the book
called by Babbi Isaac Luria.
=

the gates of Samson ; N. B.

9" = worth a farthmg.

3 ' ' = the Hps of truth ; N. B.
5 " ^ = the abundance of dew ; N. B.
= 'the Lord is the protector
of the simple.
* fSee note page 51.

115

the singing Hps ; N. B.

=
the gates of righteousness ; N. B.;
the messenger i . e. the minister of a con
gregation.

= Satum; Jupiter;
Mars; the Sun; Venus; Mercury;
the Moon.
= the holy Sabbath.

much peace ; many compliments ;

satisfied Avith favour; N . B . ;
the allegorical exposition of the book of Exodus.
= 'the name of the wicked
shall rot.

=
great peace have they who love thy Law, they
shall have no stumbling block.
* = ^a vain or unnecessary oath ;
a false oath; the name of God ;
keep peace ; the last portion of the or
the prayer oftWed silently ; two roots ;
the fame of Solomon; N . B.
" = the name of God in
vain.

a second compHment ;
perhaps you will say ; the rejoicing
of the Law; the ninth or last day of the Feast of Taber
nacles; the Sabbath of repentance i.e.

IIG

the Sabbath that falls within the ten penitential days ;

the Hearer of Prayer; God.

-=ooc=-

stands for 400 ; at the beginning of words as the

sign of the second person and third person feminine ;
and at the end of the second person ; also for
the answer of; ordination or direction; in
stead of ; under ; a substitute of-.
rr

= another paraphrase or interpre

tation ; the Chaldee paraphrase by Onkelos :
divine consolations; N . B . ;
the Fast of Esther; the generations
of Aaron ; notes of reference in some editions of the
Scripture showing where certain passages are quoted
in the Talmud.
= 'the generations of Adam
and Eve; N . B . ; the law of Adam
and Eve.

the Law is light,

the gift of a priest; N . B.
= the ninth day of the month of Ab
or the Day of Lamentation; the latter Rabbi.

= may thou be
enlisted in the book of happy life.
=
a prayer without devotion is like a body without soul.
= a long vowel; a

117

great sound of alarm ; the tonic accent

called great Telisha.
* = persons perfect in knowledge ;
the compensation of Dagseh.
= : the resurrection of the dead;
the prayer of a traveller before setting out
on ajourney ; the law of the house;N.B.;
a gift of a fat thing ; the glory of
the Gershonite; N. B.; the law of the burnt
offering; IST. B.; the law of the trespass
offering; N. B.
^'

= David's psalm of praise; N . B.

= Moses' psalm of praise ;

N. B.
^ = 3an adverb.
y = may it be built and established.
= the Law is light; notes of re
ference in the Talmud showing where Scripture passages
are quoted from; N. B.

'

= may it be
built and established soon in our days.*
= the palm tree of Debora ; N. B.

= our holy Law.

= the law of life.
* A phrase used after the names of the cities in the Holy Land, espe
cially Jerusalem, Hebron, Tiberias and Safed.

118
^')f)

= the generations of Isaac; N. B.;

thou worm, 0 Jacob h N . B.

= ^

the innocence of the upright;

N. B.

= the Law of Moses.

= '^

complete and perfect is the praise of God, Creator of
the world ; it is finished and completed, praise be to
God, the Creator of the world; Fmis.f
= the direction or ordination of the
Zohar ; N . B.; the directions or ordinations
of the Zohar; N. B.
= the law of life;
a learned man ; learned men;
the law of a wise man ; come and see ;
a fast

held on account

of a bad

dream;

the law of the sin offering.

^ = the law of mercy.
'' = directions or ordinations;
the Targum or Chaldee paraphrase by Jonathan ;
the Targum or Chaldee paraphrase called the
Jerusalem Targum ; the beauty or glory
of Israel; N . B.; the generations of Isaac ;
N. B.; thou worm, 0 Jacob! N. B.;
the fast of a single person ; the
innocence of the iipright; in the possession of-.;
* This phrase is used in Isaiah XII. 14 for the congregation of Israel,
t This phrase is used at the end of a book.

119

under the authority of-.

)^'' = Super-commentary on the
tract of the Tahnud on holidays called .
( = ^ Elijah) the
Tlshbite will solve the difiiculties and questions.
= ]"the Leviticai Law;
the or rule is according to him or it; the
might of a priest; N. B.
9 = praised be God;
the Talmud says ; you wish to know ;
two meanings ; pleasant to the eyes.

praised be the living God.

f]y'hf] = praised be God

who

is blessed.
= blessed be she above women,
a complimentary phrase used after the name of a
woman.
2^"}

= may his rest be glorious.*

may his death be an atonement for him and for all

the Israelites.*

= tha
=

generations of Noah ; N. B.
may his soul

be in the Garden of Eden; Amen.*

= ^the Berltha or the supplement
to the Mishna also says thus.
* This is a phrase used after the name of a deceased person.

120

beauty,
triumph; glory, basis, kingdom, the divine attributes.

* = "

the Law, the Pro

phets, the Hagiographa.

may his
soul be bound np in the band of the living.*
5 | = emendations of the scribes ;
N . B .

n = the twelve minor prophets ;

the evening prayer.

may blessing come upon

him.
= ' ^the mysteries of wisdom;
N. B .

= the glory of Israel.

= the greater book called
.

= the

smaller book called

.
5 " 1 = the prayer of Moses ; N . B .

= the glory of Samuel; N . B .

'0^ = 'the prayer
of an intoxicated person is an abomination.
5{" = the fast of a congregation.

a short vowel; the

former Rabbi; the Law in miniature.
* See note page 119.

121

= the Chaklee paraphrase of theScripture;

the Eabhles teach ; a great abyss.
= the scholars of our
Rabbi Jonah.
= come and hear;
a supercommentary on the laws of the Sabbath.
= 'the phylacteries
hand.
'

for the

= the written Law.

= 'the oral Law.

= infants attending
school.

the phylacteries for the

head.

6*

these abbreviations

different modes of blowing the trumpet.

= the study of the Law.

122

APPENDIX.
The

ahhreviations
ill

Jiiarked

the Appendix

with

aste7islcs are

for farther

repeated

explanation.

= *u tws.
= ^if God decree.
'/: = if so.
= eating, drmklng and accompanying.
= on this account.
=
t^ie excommunication of our Kabbi
Gershom.

or

the son of the honoured gentleman.

= in Latin.
= * except one.
= in a pious wort
^ = *stubborn son : we get a slgn;here is a sign.
! = n other books.
= in the Taimud it 18 written;
in the Talmud it is so.

= the transmigration of souls

* = ;^the prorlnces of the Land of Israel.
= the words of the author:
= ''the words of wise men.
^'

a genera! rule.

= ^^the bachelor.
= the virgin
= *

that is the

way

= ^aU that is one saying.

thus we explain it.

123

= * the very learned man ;

= heboid this is praiseworthy.
= the perfectly wise man.
^the Great Eagle, a name given to

Mainionides by

way of eminence.

= *thus he says or teaches.

= and in each.
= ^^one after another.
= also this.
= this thing.
= *'"the Bridegroom of the

Beginning i.e. one ap

pointed to recommence the reading of the Law on the last day of the
Feast of Tabernacles.

= the vision of obadiah; N . B.

=the Bridegroom of the Law i. e. one appointed to read
the laat section of the Law on the last day of the Feast of Tabernacles.

= may God

protect you.

!! = ow much more.
^ = they expounded.
= ^'to my knowledge.
^"c^ = additional saying.
= * the language of the Mishna.
^^ = -^^t do we infer from it.
t^ULj _ ^; ^ 6} ^ there is no controversy about it.

one who or that which begins a new

thing or subject.

^vhat is it that you ?ay.

a pious work.

^^ = hat is written here.

^24

#= a great mystery.
''# = poison.
= ^an ow book.
= ^"

the price.

= ^according to tho Midradi,

= *the perversion of the abominable or idolater.
= the abovemcntioned subject.
= ''*the worshippers of images.
= * again there.
= *a great controversy.
!! = e says to him.
= : acceptance of the oath on an handkerchief,
= *the scripture, the Mlslma, the Gemara.
= the merciful, who are the children of
the merciful.

= ;

one who undertakes

a charge

without any remu

neration.

^^ = wte on wack 13 !a
memory of the destruction of Jerusalem.

an evU name.

= one who undertakes a charge for wages.

( = EHjah)

the

Tishbite shall come and tell the true explanation with his owa
mouth.

ERRATA.

Va,g;f

Line.

r e a d
for r e a d

8 for

rend

9 5
1

for

IG for end a sentence r e a d end of a sentence.

24 for tlie abbreviation ^

19 for

10

for eoniniuntation r e a d commutation.

8 for r e a d

IT

16 for word r e a d words.

24

8 for the way 0 r e a d the way of.

2 1 4

32

13 for

^^

r e a d

17
12

should be above

for it is he who said r e a d this is what they say.

let my Rabbi enter r m d

eminent Rabbi.
37

10 for

21
17

53
56

9 57
14
C3
64

for

for
58

25 for ^

10 for
23
18

83

for rmd
read

for

read

read

21 for 0 every one r e a d to every on,

26

67

read

read

71

^
for slaughtre ?earf slaughter.

72

read
for

73

read

for Gods r e a d gods

9 for

6 92

for

24

103

26

103

r e a d
for r e a d
read

for

read