Personality Development

Solutions to Chapter One Questions 1. Prepare a brief self-portrait of yourself for a professional career.
A brief self-portrait for a professional career can be made by considering the following elements: Educational qualification Job experience Human handling skills: The following are the various human handling skills: Supervising skills Counseling skills Selling skills Evaluating skills Stimulating skills Organizing skills Mental skills: The following are the various mental skills: Diagnosing skills Inventing skills Operating skills Monitoring skills Written communication skills Verbal communication skills Here is a sample portrait created after considering the above elements: Don Allen is a B.Tech. and is currently working as a software developer at Technology Systems. He has also worked at Smart Developers as a technical writer for one year. While working at Smart Developers, he won the first prize in technical writing. Don is an avid sports person and has represented his college cricket team at the university level. He is very innovative and takes initiative in all the functions related to his field. He regularly organizes technical fests and seminars. Don is also good at supervising tasks because he has excellent monitoring skills. He constantly evaluates his surroundings and analyzes situations. He
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Coordinator Guide Personality Development Programme - II 1
offers his support and advice when required. However, he is not confident about his communication skills and is not comfortable doing sales. 2. Write about your short-term and long-term professional goals. Short-term professional goals refer to the goals to be achieved within two to three years. These goals can be derived after considering the satisfaction level (by saying 'Yes' or 'No') related to the following elements:

Desired position Justified Salary Learning opportunities Job Security Preferred working conditions
If you have responded with a 'Yes' to most of these elements, you are satisfied with your current position and you should look forward to achieving your longterm professional goals. If you have responded with a 'No' to most of these elements, your professional satisfaction level is low and you should look forward to improving your job conditions. You can also explore the opportunities wherein you are able to increase the level of satisfaction in a span of two to three years. Long-term professional goals refer to the goals to be achieved after at least five years. Long-term goals are derived from the vision of the person. These goals can be determined by answering the following questions:

Which position would you like to attain after five years? Which field of work do you wish to explore in the future? Do you prefer to relocate to a specific geographical location? Besides monetary gain, what do you want most from your job? If you were granted a wish, which job or position would you like to attain? In your past, which achievement has given you immense satisfaction? What, according to you, is success or failure? Which accomplishment determines a person's progress? How competent are you to overcome your current weaknesses? What is your aim in life? 3. List your strengths.
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Select your strengths from the following list (This is not an exhaustive list.):

Strong work ethics Self-discipline Ability to work under pressure Good communication skills Team player Leadership abilities Technical knowledge Work experience High-energy level 4. List your weaknesses.
Select your weaknesses (or areas of improvement) from the following list (This is not an exhaustive list.):

Poor work ethics Lack of discipline Lack of motivation Indecisiveness Weak interpersonal skills Weak leadership skills Weak technical knowledge Poor rating in educational qualification Lack of job-specific knowledge Lack of goals
5. Prepare a self-improvement plan for the next five years. To prepare a self-improvement plan, create a table with three columns, as shown: S.No. 1. Weaknesses Poor work ethics Action Plan Will learn the basic concepts of personal and professional grooming and will learn about dressing manners
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S.No. 2. 3. 4.
Weaknesses Lack of motivation Weak skills
Action Plan Will keep a record of all achievements and successes
interpersonal Will take feedback positively and work upon it
Weak technical Will join weekend classes to knowledge update self with the latest technologies Low-energy level Will follow a proper health care routine and will actively participate in sport activities
5.
6. If you are single, describe yourself as well as your prospective life partner. You can create your personal word portrait by answering the following questions: 1. What are your hobbies? 2. What are your strengths and weaknesses? 3. List your special skills and abilities. 4. What type of people irritate you? 5. List the moral values that you abide by. 6. How do your seniors and colleagues describe you? 7. How do you respond to critical feedback? 8. Describe your most prized possession. 9. What impression do you want people to have about you? 10. What kind of work do you like to do? After answering these questions, prepare a portrait. A sample portrait is given below: Donna Bard is a kind hearted and honest girl. She works as a manager in an organization. She works hard and is known as a motivating team player. She is disciplined and loyal towards her work. She always strives to improve. If any feedback for improvement is given to her, she accepts it gracefully and works towards removing her weaknesses. However, she tends to ignore her health care
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routine and this results in fatigue and depression. She also wishes to improve upon her people-handling skills because she gets irritated with people with poor work ethics and lack of discipline. She gets inspired by reading 'The Alchemist', which talks about pursuing ones dreams. Similarly, you can create a word portrait of your prospective life partner by answering the following questions: 11. What hobbies and interests should your prospective life partner have? 12. What kind of approach he/she should have towards society? 13. List the desired strengths he/she should possess. 14. List negative personality traits that you don't want your spouse to have. 15. List the minimum standard of performance that your prospective spouse should achieve. 16. What minimum educational qualification should he/she possess? 17. What special skills or abilities should he/she possess? 18. What personal growth efforts should he/she be making? 19. What professional growth efforts should he/she be making? 20. What should be his/her aim in life? Based on the answers given, Donna has prepared the following word portrait to describe her ideal spouse: He should lead a disciplined life with strong work and moral ethics. He should always exude high energy levels. He should preferably be an M.Tech. and should have strong management skills. Besides working hard, he should enjoy participating in sports activities. He should have good leadership qualities. He should be an avid reader and should constantly update himself with new technologies. He should always work towards building healthy professional and personal relationships. He should aim for a peaceful and prosperous life. Solutions to Chapter Two Questions 1. Prepare a good bio-data of yourself. The following guidelines needs to be followed while designing a bio-data:
Avoid spelling and typing errors.

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Give a consistent and symmetrical look. Use terms and phrases relevant to the industry. Use simple and concise sentences. Limit the bio-data to two pages. Add a cover letter or note mentioning the code number and other details specified in the advertisement.
Here is a sample bio-data: Bio-Data 1. Name of the post 2. Name 3. Date of birth, Age 4. Address - present Faridabad (HR) : : Software Engineer : Vinay Yadav : 10.10.1981, 24 410, Surya Apartments,21-D,
5. Address - permanent : Faridabad (HR) 7. E-mail ID 8. Father's name 9. Occupation 10. Marital status Sl. No. Period From to 199596 199798 19982002 Institution/ Place
410, Surya Apartments, 21-D, : 0129 - 3092391
6. Telephone numbers
: raovinay10@yahoo.co.in : Mr. D.V.S. Yadav : Software Developer : Single Degree/ Exam. Passed % Mark s 81.66 78.2 65.24 Class
11. Academic qualifications :
1. 2. 3.
Vidya Mandir AISSCE 15-A, Faridabad D.A.V. 14, Faridabad M.M.Engg. College AISSE B.Tech
First First First
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Ambala. 12. Work experience: Sl. No. Period From To Organization Designatio n S/W Developer Technical Writer Last Salary Drawn Rs. 20,000/pm Rs. 10,000/-pm
1.
Oct 2003 till Technologies date Systems Oct 2002 to Smart Oct 2003 Developers 13. Extra-curricular activities
2.
: Played cricket at the university
level. 14. Personal attainments/distinctions : Organized technical fests and seminars. Won the first prize in technical writing. 15. Professional skills : Analysis and Design (SAD). 16. References Date C, C++, Oracle, and System
: Available on request. Signature
2. Briefly write out a preparation plan for an interview for a software engineer's post. Here is a plan to prepare for an interview for a software engineer's post: 1. Getting familiar with the interview process: The interview process followed in most of the organizations consists of three rounds:
Preliminary written tests: This includes IQ tests, language tests, logical reasoning tests, aptitude tests, and technical
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knowledge tests. You can prepare for the preliminary written tests by using books that contain sample tests. Group discussions: In the group discussion round, organizations ask candidates to discuss a specific topic among themselves. The topics can range from current events to technical topics, such as Role of JAVA in the Internet, and Comparing Poseidon and Rational Rose as Modeling Tools for S/W Systems. You can practice group discussions with your friends and improve upon your communication skills. Personal interview: To prepare for a personal interview round, you need to consider the following factors: Academic preparation: List down all the academic qualifications mentioned in your bio-data and ensure that you are comfortable discussing about those qualifications. Prepare a brief description of your favorite subject or topic, such as RDBMS and Operating Systems, and an answer as to why you chose this topic. Project work preparation: Most organizations focus on project work because it reflects your own work. Rehearse the presentation of your project work and practice the answers to the common questions pertaining to the project work, such as: Why did you choose this particular project? What are its practical applications? Practical training: Prepare a brief write-up on the training you have undergone, and always mention if you have contributed to the advancement of any application during your training session. In addition, list down your learnings. Special attainments: List down all your special achievements, such as writing a technical paper or participating in seminars and technical competitions, and discuss them during your interview.
3. List your qualifications and skills that will help you get selected for a job. The qualifications and skills that will help you get selected for a job are:
Qualifications: Educational Knowledge: Example: School: AISSE in Physics, Chemistry, Maths College: B.Tech Job Knowledge: Example: Principal responsibilities : Designing a software system and writing code for modules of the software system. Principal accomplishments : Modeling, developing, and maintaining the software system. Leadership quality : Handling different projects related to software systems. Skills: Interpersonal skills: Example: Communication skills Coordinating skills Negotiation skills Skills related to the job: Example: C, C++, Oracle, and System Analysis and Design (SAD) 4. Prepare a list of your strengths and weaknesses.
A software professional may possess any of the following traits:

Ability to analyze situations Self confidence Articulateness Creativity in developing new concepts Proactiveness Ethicalness Desire to excel Reliability Ambition Communication skills Past achievements
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Some of the weaknesses that should be overcome by software professionals are as follows:

Weak analyzing skills Lack of career plans and goals No emphasis on growth prospects Lack of specific technical knowledge Over ambitious Immature and dishonest Lack of leadership qualities Poor communication skills Lack of past achievements No desire to achieve or excel
5. Introduce yourself, giving comprehensive information about yourself within two minutes. My name is Vinay Yadav and I am a software developer with Technologies System. I have done B.Tech. from M.M. Engineering College, Ambala, and I am aspiring to do an M.Tech. I have been brought up in a atmosphere where discipline and respect for elders is a way of life. I believe strongly in values like honesty and hard work. I am a person with a high degree of integrity and team spirit. 6. Identify an appropriate career goal for yourself by matching your qualities to the job. Assume that Vinay possesses the following qualities:
Educational Qualities: School : AISSE in Physics, Chemistry, Maths College : B.Tech Professional Qualities: Professional experience : 1 year of experience as a technical writer. 3 years of experience as a S/W developer. Principal responsibilities : Designing a software system and writing code for different modules of the software system.
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Principal accomplishments : Modeling, developing, and maintaining the software system. Leadership qualities : Managing different projects related to software systems.
Handling a team of seven software professionals. Responsible for making high-quality software systems.
Interpersonal skills
: Ability to analyze situations.
Creative in developing new concepts Pro-active Desire to excel Reliable and ambitious Good communication skills Good coordinating skills Good negotiation skills
Skills related to job : Analysis and Design (SAD).
C, C++, Oracle, and System
Based on the above-mentioned qualities, Vinay has identified a goal for his professional life. Because he has a strong technical experience and good interpersonal skills, Vinay plans to become a project manager in the next two to three years. Keep the scores of the students confidential and create an appropriate action plan for each student. Solutions to Chapter Four Questions 1. List out your short-term and long-term goals in your professional life. Short-term professional goals refer to the goals to be achieved within a span of two to three years. These goals can be derived after considering the satisfaction level (by saying 'Yes' or 'No') related to the following elements:

Desired position Justified Salary Learning opportunities Job Security

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Preferred working conditions
If you have responded with a 'Yes' to most of these elements, you are satisfied with your current position and you should look forward to achieve your longterm professional goals. If you have responded with a No to most of these elements, your professional satisfaction level is low and you should look forward to improving your job conditions. You can also explore the opportunities wherein you are able to increase the level of satisfaction in a span of two to three years. Long-term professional goals refer to the goals to be achieved after at least five years. Long-term goals are derived from the vision of the person. Long-term goals can be determined by answering the following questions:

Which position would you like to attain after five years? Which field of work do you wish to explore in the future? Do you prefer to relocate to any specific geographical location? Besides monetary gain, what do you want most from your job? If you were granted a wish, which job or position would you like to attain? In your past, which achievement has given you immense satisfaction? What, according to you, is success or failure? Which accomplishment determines a person's progress? How competent are you to overcome your current weaknesses? What is your aim in life? 2. Prepare an action plan to achieve your goals.
After you have identified your short-term and long-term goals, make an action plan to achieve these goals. You can create your action plan by filling up the following table: What I How I When I Possible Plan to Plan to Plan to Obstacle do do do s Action 1 Plan to remove obstacles
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Action 2 Action 3 For example, if you have joined an organization as a software developer want to become a project manager, write that it in the column 'What I plan to do.' Then, make a list of things to be done to reach that level. Write this list in the column 'How I plan to do.' The list can be as follows: 21. Acquire a Master's degree in Technology. 22. Acquire a position of a senior software engineer or a team leader. 23. Learn about the new technologies. 24. Start handling two teams simultaneously. 25. Remain in the current office for the next three to four years. Now, allocate a deadline for each activity. Write the respective deadlines in the column 'When I plan to do'. The time span can be mentioned as follows: 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. In the next two years. In the next three years. Continuous process. In the next three years. Time span already given.
Now, list the possible obstacles against each point. The list of obstacles can be as follows: 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. Lack of time to enroll for the course and to study. Heavy competition. Working on similar types of project again and again. Good leadership qualities to be identified. Family planning to relocate.
After you have identified the obstacles, make a plan to remove them and start working as per the plan. You can plan to remove your respective obstacles as follows: 36. Take the long pending leaves and get yourself enrolled for the M.Tech. course. Devote two to three hours in a week
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for studying. If possible, study with a friend who is doing the same course. 37. Start making your list of accomplishments and start working on the list of shortcomings. Make efforts to get noticed by always appearing confident and enthusiastic. Be ready to take on new challenges. 38. Ask your project manager to give you a chance to work in projects that involve new technologies. 39. Make efforts to get noticed in your team. Always support your team members and cooperate with them. Build a bond of trust and understanding with your team members. This will lead you and your team towards success. 40. Discuss your goals with your family and seek their support. 3. Plan out a strategy to make a good impression on your first job. You can use the following strategy to make a good first impression:
Utilize your first day in office in getting familiar with your colleagues and the office environment. Represent yourself as an enthusiastic and confident person. Take your first assignment very seriously and deliver your best. Take extra measures to perform better in your first assignment because it will help form a favorable first impression. Try to collect all the information related to your organization and understand the atmosphere of the organization. Ask your team members and seniors about the performance evaluation procedure. This will help you continuously assess your performance status. Always be ready for any opportunity and make sure to give your best performance. Always appear enthusiastic and full of confidence. This will reflect on your work and people will want you to work with them. If you are not comfortable about a specific aspect about the organization, raise the issue in an appropriate manner.
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Solutions to Chapter Five Questions 1. List out your qualities among the potentials given in this module. Following is a sample list of qualities possessed by John:
Positive attitude: John always looks at things with a positive attitude and keeps track of all the appreciation and encouragement given to him. The appreciation and encouragement act as motivators and increase his potential. Setting priorities with practical approach: John sets his priorities before starting any work. This enables him to accomplish the tasks in a proper manner and within the specified time. He sets realistic goals. Making commitments: After setting the priorities, John makes commitments and works sincerely towards meeting the deadlines.
2. How do you propose to overcome the deficient potentials? John needs to work on the following aspects:
Lack of physical fitness routine: He tends to ignore the aspect of physical fitness because he spends long hours in office. Time gap between planning and execution of project: John tends to delay the execution of planned projects. This results in loss of energy and enthusiasm. He will consult the physical trainer, set up a fitness routine, and follow it regularly. This will help increase his physical fitness. He will ensure that all projects are executed on time. To ensure success, he will share the schedule with his team members and his seniors.
John can take the following steps to overcome his weaknesses:
Solutions to Chapter Six Questions 1. Prepare a time log for utilizing your time and note down your own reactions to your time management. Prepare a time log by listing the tasks to be done in a day. You can also prepare a time log to manage your weekly or long-term tasks. To create a time log,
create a table comprising four columns. The first column will contain the serial number, the second column will specify the task, and the third column will contain the time allotted for the corresponding task. In the fourth column, specify the result as 'Completed', 'Incomplete', or 'Not attended to.' A sample time log is shown as follows: S.No. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Engagement/Task Completing a module Organizing a meeting Allotted time One hour Two hours Results
Organizing a fun activity at One hour work Going out for lunch with Two hours friends Going to the gym Two hours
Making reports on the team's Three performance hours
At the end of the day, suppose the following results are filled in the column against the tasks given: Completed Completed Incomplete Not attended to Not attended to Completed The reason for not being able to complete some of the tasks were:
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Writing a module took two hours instead of an hour. This delayed the subsequent tasks. The meeting had to be postponed for another hour. This resulted in delay in planning and executing the meeting. Skipped lunch for this reason. Started to initiate a fun activity at work. However, not all the colleagues were interested in continuing with it on the same day; therefore, had to work upon another task and this activity got postponed for the next day. Collected data for making the reports on the team's performance but realized that it will take more than three hours to complete the reports. Worked on the reports and cancelled going to the gym. Based on the result derived, you can analyze that one should set realistic deadlines and should not try to be a perfectionist all the time. The module could have completed in an hour; however, it took two hours. This delayed the rest of the activities. In addition, the activities for which one is not answerable to anyone like going to the gym or going out for lunch should not be ignored. These activities should be given equal importance. 2. Identify your weaknesses related to time management and create a plan to overcome it. Here is a sample list of weaknesses related to time management:
I try to do each and every task to perfection, irrespective of the requirement. This unnecessarily delays the things and affects the complete schedule. I tend to take on each and every task that comes my way and am unable to say 'No' to my friends and colleagues. This results in an increased amount of work, both planned and unplanned. I believe in doing everything on my own and do not feel comfortable in delegating tasks to my team members or colleagues. This results in too much of work and effort. I will have a practical approach towards work and will try to strive for excellence rather than perfection. This will help me save time. Learning to say 'No' will help me save a lot of time. I will say 'No' to the tasks that do not contribute to my goals.
To overcome my weaknesses, I plan to do the following:
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I will involve my team members in my work. Instead of making personal targets, I will make team targets. This will help me achieve the targets on time and will enable others to learn and improve upon their performance.
3. Prepare a time commitment plan for an MCA semester allocating time for studies in two modules of 16 (12+4) weeks of time. A time commitment plan for Module 1 of the first semester of MCA, to be followed daily for 12 weeks, is as follows: Time 9.00 to 10.00 Monday System Analysis and Design Tuesday System Analysis and Design Wednesd ay Thursday Friday
Discrete Computer Computer Mathemat Organizat Organizat ics ion ion System Analysis and Design Break Lab Session (PC Software) PC Software
10.00 to 11.00
Discrete Discrete C Mathemat Mathemat Program ics ics ming Language Break C Program ming Language Break Lab session (C Program ming Language ) Break System Analysis and Design
11.00 to 11.30 11.30 to 12.30
Break Discrete Mathemat ics
12.30 to 1.30
Computer Lab Organizat Session ion (PC Software)
Computer Lab Organizat Session ion (C Program ming Language )
System Analysis and Design
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Time 1.30 to 2.30 2.30 to 3.30
Monday Break Lab session (C Program ming Language ) Lab Session (PC Software)
Tuesday Break
Wednesd ay Break
Thursday Friday Break PC Software Break C Program ming Language
C PC Program Software ming Language
3.30 to 4.30
Computer Lab Organizat session ion (C Program ming Language ) PC Software Lab Session (PC Software)
C Program ming Language
Lab session (C Program ming Language )
4.30 to 5.30
PC Software
Discrete Lab Mathemat Session ics (PC Software)
A time commitment plan for Module 2 of the first semester of MCA, to be followed daily for 4 weeks, is as follows: Time 9.00 to 10.00 Monday Tuesday Wednesd Thursda ay y Friday
Digital Data Digital Digital Data Electroni structure Electroni Electroni structure cs s using C cs cs s using C
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10.00 to 11.00
Informati on Technolo gy
Lab session (Data structure s using C) Break
Lab session (Data structure s using C) Break
11.00 to 11.30 11.30 to 12.30
Break
Break
Break
Data Lab structure session s using C (Data structure s using C)
Lab Data Digital session structure Electroni (Data s using C cs structure s using C) Informati on technolo gy Informati on technolo gy
12.30 to 1.30
Lab Digital Data session Electroni structure (Data cs s using C structure s using C)
Solutions to Chapter Seven Questions 1. Apart from the above nine qualities mentioned on personality development, add a few more qualities that are helpful for total personality development. The additional qualities that can help you enhance your personality are:

Enthusiasm: Being enthusiastic accentuates your personality. Ambition: Being ambitious means willing to take initiative and to reach towards new goals. Ambitious people always stand out to achieve their goals and this quality develops their personality. Vision: Having a vision helps people have a clear idea of where they want to go and what they want to do. Clarity of
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thought and vision reflects on your personality and therefore improves it. Competitive spirit: Competitive people are ready to take on challenges and emerge winners. This quality is an aggressive form of being confident and is crucial for having a good personality. Open to criticism: Besides making a list of achievements, people should also remember their failures and should learn from their mistakes. This helps them develop their personality.
2. Identify the shortcomings in your personality and prepare an action plan for improvement within a reasonable time frame. Here is a sample list of shortcomings related to personality:

Lack of updated knowledge related to my field Lack of entertainment skills Improper time management Improper health care routine
Here is the action plan to improve upon the shortcomings, along with the time frame:
I will start reading journals and books related to my field to update myself with the latest information. I can utilize the time spent traveling to and from office for reading. Within a month, I should be updated with the knowledge related to my field. I will join weekend hobby classes and will choose the hobby that will help me relax and refresh my self. This change should reflect in my personality in one or two months. I will create a time management log and will keep a record of all the tasks to be done along with their time frame. This will help me assess my time management skills and identify my time wasters. Then, I will think of new ideas to improve my time management skills. I will acquire a health care routine based on my working style and food habits. I will also learn some exercises to help improve my blood circulation and oxygen circulation. This routine will help me stay active and lively. I should be able to see a difference in two or three months.
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Solutions to Chapter Eight Questions 1. List out your good qualities pertaining to Human Engineering. John, a consultant working at Red Sky, possesses the following qualities related to human engineering:
He tries to avoid reacting impulsively and criticize because these attempts are futile. He appreciates the efforts made by others. Before asking another person to do something, he looks from that person's point of view. He tries to remember the names of all persons he interacts with and ensures that he calls them by their names. In any conversation, he listens carefully to people. It makes the other person feel important. He tries to avoid an argument. If he enters in an argument with anyone, he tries to reconcile as soon as possible. He admits mistakes easily and tries not to have an argument to prove his point, which has already been proved wrong. He tries not to punish or humiliate a person in order to correct the mistakes made by that person. He tries to be considerate and thoughtful in his behavior. He tries to be friendly with all the people around him and always tries to make other person feel comfortable while talking to him. He tries to convince the person working with him that he considers that person honest, upright, and fair.
2. List out the qualities in you that need improvement from the point of view of Man Management skills in Human Engineering. Sam, a consultant at Red Sky Inc., needs to work on the following points to improve his skills related to human engineering:
He is unable to put his ideas across in an interesting manner, and this results in dull presentations. He needs to improve his presentation skills. He tends to make work-related decisions on his own without discussing it with his team. He should involve his team
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members in planning activities because this will give them a sense of belonging. Sometimes, he is unable to control his anger. He should learn to stay calm if things are not happening as per plan. He avoids making personal contacts with colleagues; therefore, he has limited knowledge about his colleagues. He should try to get to know his colleagues. This will make them feel special.
Solutions to Chapter Nine Questions 1. Identify a successful role model and list two or three additional qualities other than those listed in this module. My role model is Bill Gates, chairman of Microsoft Corporation. He started developing computer programs at the age of 13. In 1975, he started a company along with his friend Paul Allen. Today, Microsoft Corporation is a leader in software services and solutions, employs 55,000 people, and is present in 85 countries. Microsoft generated revenues worth US$36.84 billion for the fiscal year ending June 2004. Bill Gates has all the characteristics of a successful person. He has complete knowledge of his own field and has common sense to make practical judgments. He never waited for any external help and realized his dreams on his own. He has the natural ability to comprehend difficult concepts and analyze them clearly. He possesses strong work ethics and organizational skills. Besides having these qualities, he has the following three abilities, which have made him one of the most successful businesspersons in the world:
Vision: Gates had a clear vision at a very early stage in his life that computers will be available in every house and office desk. Continuous advancement: Gates always aims to introduce innovative products. This keeps his organization always at the top and in demand. Making cost-effective and user-friendly products: Making cost-effective and user-friendly products has been one of the main reasons behind Gates's success. As a result, Microsoft has a strong base of happy and satisfied customers.
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2. List out some of the important principles of human engineering in which you are good at. John, a consultant working at Red Sky, possesses the following qualities related to human engineering:

He tries to avoid reacting impulsively. He ensures that no chance to appreciate the other person is missed. Before asking another person to do something, he looks from that person's point of view. He tries to remember the names of all the persons he interacts with and ensures that he calls them by their names. In any conversation, he listens carefully to people. It makes the other person feel important. He tries to avoid an argument. If he enters in an argument with anyone, he tries to reconcile as soon as possible. He admits mistakes easily and tries not to have an argument to prove his point, which has already been proved wrong. He tries not to punish or humiliate a person in order to correct the mistakes made by that person. He tries to be considerate and thoughtful in his behavior. He tries to be friendly with all the people around him and always tries to make other person feel comfortable while talking to him. He tries to convince the person working with him that he considers that person to be honest, upright, and fair.
3. List out some of the important principles of human engineering in which you need improvement. Prepare an action plan for improvement of those qualities. Following is the list of important principles of human engineering that John should work upon:
He is unable to put his ideas across in an interesting manner, and this results in dull presentations. He needs to improve upon his way of presentation. He tends to make work-related decisions on his own without discussing it with his team. Sometimes, he is unable to control his anger.
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He is unable to make hard decisions related to people he works with. This results in people taking him for granted. He avoids making personal contacts with his colleagues. As a result, he knows little about them. He should improve upon his way of presenting his ideas and concepts. He should involve his team members in planning the activities. This will give them a sense of belonging. He should learn to calm down if things are not happening his way. He should convey to the people that disciplinary measures can be taken against them if they do not comply with the working standards. He should try to get to know about the people working with him more closely to make them feel special.
Following is the action plan for John:
Solutions to Chapter One Questions(PART II) Solutions to Check your Progress 1 1. Give any three reasons why it is important to improve communication skills? The three reasons are:
Communication skills are required to express our views to others. Organizations conducts tests and interviews to test the candidate's communication skills in addition to testing the subject knowledge. If you want to pursue higher studies, you need to participate in group discussions and personal interviews after you clear the entrance exam.
Solutions to Check your Progress 2 1. What is the difference between language skills and communication skills?
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The difference between language skills and communication skills lies in the presentation of your ideas. Language skills denote the person's subjective knowledge, whereas communication skills involve the presentation of the subjective knowledge to the outside world. Both set of skills are required. For example, a person can have good language skills but may not be able to express his views to a group of people. 2. How can communication skills be improved? Communication skills are necessary for a person to express his or her views in any situation. One can acquire communication skills only by practice. Communication can be improved by practicing certain activities on a daily basis. The following activities can help a person improve his or her communication skills.
Reading newspapers and magazines: Reading newspapers and magazines helps in increasing the reading ability, general awareness, and the vocabulary. Listening to news channels on TV: This activity can help in enhancing the communication skills by improving one's grasp on pronunciation. Listening to news on the radio: Listening is the best way to improve the communication skills. For example, while listening to the radio, you can concentrate on the words being pronounced by the newsreader. Improving the vocabulary: Vocabulary building is another exercise that can enhance communication. The best way to improve vocabulary is to learn new words in different contexts. Speaking English language on regular basis : Cramming your vocabulary with new words and reading books will not work until and unless you practice it. It is necessary to speak in a variety of situations. This will make you more confident and comfortable with spoken language. Logical thought process: Good communication also includes a logical thought process activity. Presence of mind helps a person think in a logical manner. A person should be quick in
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reasoning and thinking. This adds value to the communication skills. Developing a sense of humor: Sense of humor is another aspect that helps the communication process. For example, students prefer teachers who are jovial and lively. 3. What are communication skills?
Communication skills are the skills that enable a person to convey information so that it is received and understood well. It is the ability to express our views and understand others' views. Solutions to Check your Progress 3 1. Can communication skills be developed by reading books on 'communication skills'? Why? Communication skills can be improved by reading books because they describe the various ways to improve one's communication skills. Implementing these in your daily life can definitely bring a major change in your interpersonal skills. Communication is a skill and can be improved upon only by practice. Solutions to Check your Progress 4 1. Write two sentences by using each of the following words in two different meanings: balance, issue, issues, pursue, conflict, and breakdown. Ans. Balance Meaning: 1. A state where things are of equal weight or force. Sentence: balance. The old lady had to hold the railings to keep her
Meaning: 2. To give several things equal amounts of information, time, or money, so that a situation is successful. Sentence: Issue Meaning: 1. A subject or problem that people are thinking and talking about. There are still balance payments due on him.
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Sentence: issue. Sentence: Pursue
Don't worry about who will do it- that's just a side
Meaning: 2. To give something to someone. The English book is issued in your name.
Meaning: 1. To follow someone or something. Sentence: Sentence: Conflict Meaning: 1. An active disagreement between people with opposing opinions or principles. Sentence: father. Sentence: meetings. Breakdown Meaning: 1. A failure to work or be successful. Sentence: Sentence: My car had a breakdown in the middle of the road. The rate of muscle protein breakdown was assessed. Meaning: 2. Division of something into smaller parts. Solutions to Section 1.5 Passage 1 41. a. b. c. d. All oceans water is the same shade of blue in all places at all times hardly ever because all light waves are the same length There was a lot of conflict between him and his The car was pursued by helicopters. He is pursuing MCA from a recognized university. Meaning: 2. To be engaged in (a vocation or hobby, for example)
Meaning: 2. An incompatibility of dates or events. He noticed a conflict in the dates of the two
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b. at all times a. Blue light is e. f. g. h. Ans. a. a short wavelength b. Green water near coastlines is almost always caused by i. sand color j. red pigments in coastal waters k. blue pigment l. reflected light and yellow pigment from plant life Ans. d. reflected light and yellow pigment from plant life 4. Phytoplankton are m. short light rays n. suspended soil particles o. microscopic floating plants p. long light rays Ans. c. microscopic floating plants 5. The main idea of this passage is q. light causes sea color r. sea coloration is varied because of a combination of length of light waves and microscopic plant life and silt s. microscopic plant life causes sea color t. water composition causes sea color Ans.
a short wavelength a long wavelength about equal to all other wavelengths not scatterable
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b. sea coloration is varied because of a combination of length of light waves and microscopic plant life and silt Passage 2 1. The main idea of this passage is that u. twins are slower in developing than single children v. only children take longer to develop w. children develop socially, physically and developmentally according to an individual pattern x. secure children take longer to develop Ans. c. children develop socially, physically and developmentally according to an individual pattern 2. The social development of a child can be affected by y. habits z. infantile pleasures aa. patterns bb. the number of siblings Ans. b. infantile pleasures 3. One inference that can be drawn from this passage is that cc. continual scolding is not harmful to the child dd. continual scolding inhibits healthy social development ee. continual scolding does not affect physical development ff. continual scolding has adverse effects on the disciplinarian Ans. b. continual scolding inhibits healthy social development 4. Where does the passage say the only child learns his social lessons? gg. Home and school hh. Playground and classroom ii. Playground and home jj. All of the above
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Ans. d. All of the above 5. Home life and the people who live with the child affect his development kk. Partially ll. At no time mm. Totally nn. In no noticeable ways Ans. c. Totally Passage 3 1. This passage implies that victims of Alzheimer's disease may oo. not remember childhood events pp. suffer a gradual worsening of cognitive functions qq. incur personality and behavioral changes. rr. spend their last days in a long-term care facility Ans. c. incur personality and behavioral changes. 2. Symptoms of Alzheimer's disease include ss. enhanced motor skills tt. loss of appetite uu. forgetfulness and confusion vv. laziness Ans. c. forgetfulness and confusion 3. In the passage, "debilitating" means ww. xx. yy. zz. Ans. a. to make feeble to make feeble capability to strengthen stamina
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4. The cure for Alzheimer's disease is aaa. bbb. ccc. ddd. Ans. d. long-term care 5. According to the passage, a person with Alzheimer's disease might not be able to eee. walk fff. remember the answer to a question, which was already asked ggg. remain awake hhh. drive a car Ans. b. remember the answer to a question, which was already asked Solutions to Chapter Two Questions Solutions to Check your Progress 1 1. Why do many of us find it difficult to speak in English? Ans. Many of us are not able to speak English because of lack of practice. Practice enhances the confidence level and improves effectiveness. 2. Name any four reasons why English is important to us. Ans. Knowledge of the English language is of great importance because of the following reasons:

bed rest hospitalization there is no cure long-term care
It is useful to get a good job. It is necessary for social prestige and respect. It is important to learn it to pursue further studies abroad.
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It is important to know English in order to try for a job in other countries.
3. Is spoken English difficult. Why? Ans. No, spoken English is not difficult. It is easier as compared to writing. Care should be taken to speak slowly and use the correct grammar and pronunciation. Writing English is difficult because you also need to worry about elements such as spellings, punctuation, and formatting. 4. What are the different features of spoken English? Ans. The different features of spoken English are:
The speaker should be able to speak clear English so that the listener is able to understand it. The speaker should not speak too fast, so that others cannot understand, or too slow, so that others get bored. The speaker should use appropriate words or vocabulary. The speaker should pronounce the word correctly.
Solution to section 2.3 (a) 1. The passage implies that if a student studies for an exam, he is practicing iii.incidental learning jjj.intentional learning kkk. residual learning lll.motivational learning Ans. a. incidental learning 2. In the passage "motivation" means mmm. dread nnn. repulsion ooo. neglect
ppp. impulsion Ans. d. impulsion 3. According to the passage, in order to learn by intentional learning, one must be qqq. Highly motivated rrr. unmotivated sss. tired of learning ttt.in need of learning Ans. a. Highly motivated Solution to section 2.3 (b) 1. Say whether the following statements are true, false or unknown. As Hans listened to the lecture of Einstein, he understood it well (True/False/Unknown) Ans. False The question asked by the professor was such that Hans had no idea of it. (True/False/Unknown) Ans. True When the professor had asked a difficult question, Einstein thought that they were in trouble. (True/False/Unknown) Ans. True
They left the university with Hans driving. (True/False/Unknown) Ans. False "It is a pleasure to drive a genius like you". These words were first spoken by Einstein (True/False/Unknown) Ans. False 2. Answer the following in a phrase or sentence each. 42. What kind of story is this? a)fictional b)Amussing c)true Ans. c. true c. What did Einstein study? Ans. Einstein studied Science. He was a great physicist whose research in his field helped other scientists explore areas such as nuclear energy, space travel, and television. d. Which of the following qualities made him a great scientist? a)modesty b)interest in space travel c)curiosity d)sense of humor
Ans. b. interest in space travel d. sense of humor e. Why did Hans give lecture in place of Einstein? Ans. Einstein was tired and was not in a position to deliver a lecture. So, Hans delivered a lecture in place of Einstein. f. Did Hans perform well? Pick out words from the story in support of your answer. Ans. Yes, Hans performed well. The words from the passage that support this answer are "Einstein joined the audience and listed to Hans give his lecture perfectly, and joined in the applause at the end. g.What was Hans's reply to the question of the professor? Ans. Hans laughed and replied to the professor that the question was not at all difficult. In fact, it was so easy that even his driver could answer it. g. Einstein called Hans a genius because he: a)impersonated Einstein b)had memorized Einstein's lecture c)had presence of mind d)did not let Einstein down Ans. c. had presence of mind (Because the passage for the below section is not available in the Student Guide, the answers have been researched by using the Internet.)
Solutions 43. Describe the physical appearance of William Gilbert Grace in a line or two. Ans. William Gilbert Grace had a splendid physique. He was a tall man, 6 feet and 2 inches in height. He was about 70 kg in weight. He had an attractive personality with strong features and long black beard. h. What is the record of Grace as a batsman and bowler? Ans. William was actively engaged in first class cricket. His highest score in tests was 344 runs. He was the first one to score a triple century in first class cricket. He scored 100 runs or more on 121 occasions. Grace scored nearly 55000 runs with an average of 43 runs per match. In addition, he was a fast bowler. i. How did he consider cricket? Ans. William Grace found himself in an atmosphere charged with cricket. His father and uncles were enthusiastic about the game as his elder brothers Henry, Alfred, and E. M. Grace. They also were cricket players. He belonged to a family with a cricket background. He was enthusiastic about cricket from the tender age of six. Although he was a doctor, he chose cricket for a profession. j. In what aspect, should the credit go to Grace regarding the game of cricket? Ans. Dr. William Gilbert Grace was the greatest and most attractive personality in cricket.
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He held the record for the highest individual score for many years. The most remarkable year for Dr. Grace's career was 1895. In that year, he scored 2,346 runs and also completed his hundredth first class century. He received a testimonial and a letter of congratulation from the Prince of Wales. k. What happened to him? Ans. William Grace died on October 25, 1915. He was sixty-seven years old. He had an attack of cerebral hemorrhage a few days before his death. Solution to Section 2.4 The sentences given below are examples of sentences with common errors. Identify the error and correct the same. 1. He has not given his final exams yet. Ans. He has not yet appeared for his final exams. 2. He discusses about politics Ans. He discusses politics. 3. My sister is getting her ears bored this evening. Ans. My sister is getting her ears pierced this evening. 4. She sings well. Isn't it? Ans. She sings well. Doesnt she? 5. He couldn't cope up with the class. Ans. He couldnt stay with the class. 6. Can you describe about that picture?
Ans. Can you describe that picture? 7. Rain is coming very heavily. Ans. It is raining very heavily. 8. Sugar is available freely in the market Ans. Sugar is available for free in the market. 9. They sings very well. Ans. They sing very well. 10. The teacher is giving a lecture. Ans. The teacher is delivering a lecture. Solutions to Chapter Three Questions Solutions to Sample Examination Questions, Sections 3.6 1. Mention the different subskills in writing. Discuss the importance of each one of them. Ans. The different subskills in writing are:
Syntax at the sentence level: Helps to identify the correct sequence of words in a sentence. Syntax at the paragraph level: Helps to identify the correct sequence of the sentences in a paragraph to maintain flow. Coherence: Helps to identify the appropriate usage of connectors, such as but, that, and which, to combine sentences.
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Choice of vocabulary: Helps to identify the appropriate and relevant word usage in a sentence that can easily convey the intended meaning to the reader. Cohesion: Helps to identify the completeness of a sentence or a paragraph. It also helps to ensure that the sentences are able to convey the complete meaning. Punctuation marks: Helps to identify the correct usage of different punctuation marks while writing. Style, format, and use of non verbal devices: Helps in identifying the appropriate style and format for a writing a particular document. Grammar: Helps to ensure that the document is grammatically correct.
2. What are the differences between the language of speech and the language of writing? Ans. The differences between the language of speech and the language of writing are:
The language of speech consists mostly of broken utterances, words, and phrases, whereas the language of writing consists mainly of complete sentences. In the language of speech, you can use body language to express your views. In the language of writing, this is not possible. In the language of speech, repetition of idea is allowed to emphasize upon that idea. In the language of writing, repetition of idea is not allowed. In the language of speech, pauses and filters are used to add clarity to sentences. In the language of writing, punctuations are used to add clarity to the sentences. In the language of speech, the use of contractions such as I'll and cant are allowed. In the language of writing, contractions are not allowed in formal documents.
3. Why is the process of writing a useful approach to improve writing? Ans.
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The process of writing is a useful approach to improve writing. Writing skills cannot be achieved at once. They are achieved with help of practice by writing documents and redrafting them. The process of writing a particular document and then revising the document helps you in recognizing your errors and the areas in which you feel some difficulty. It helps improve the quality of the document as well as helps improve the writing skills. 4. Why are punctuations necessary in writing. Mention any five punctuation marks that you use frequently. Give 2 instances of usage for each of them. Ans. Punctuation marks are necessary in writing because they help organize or clarify the written language. The five frequently used punctuation marks are:
Colon (:): Helps introduce lists or to connect to a broad idea with a specific example. It can also be used to combine two separate sentences with related ideas. For example: uuu. The two qualities of XYZ are: i. Reserve ii. Emotional vvv. Speech is silver: silence is golden. Comma (,): Is used to separate different things. For example: www. We had tea, biscuits, and cake. xxx. My neighbor has a cat, a dog, and a parrot. Question mark (?): Is used to end an interrogative sentence. For example: yyy. What is the structural formula of water? zzz. What is the scope of the IT field nowadays? Period or full stop (.): Is a punctuation mark placed at the end of a sentence. For example: aaaa. The book is on the table. bbbb. The mouse device is not working properly. Hyphen (-): Is used to join words or separate syllables. For example: cccc. A man-eating shark is a carnivorous fish. 5. Writing is a reverse process of reading. Discuss.
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Ans. Writing is just the reverse of reading. While reading, the reader tries to grasp the ideas explained by the author, whereas while writing, the author tries to express his views in a presentable format so that it can convey the intended meaning to the reader. 6. Write a paragraph on the influence of television on children. Write the second and third drafts of the same pointing out the changes made on each occasion. Ans. First Draft: Television is one of the latest wonders of science. Television provides the facility to hear as well as view the person presenting the program. Television has become one of the most important means of recreation, propaganda and national integration. At the same time it leaves influence on the children also. It influences both children's prosocial and antisocial behaviors. Although it is a suitable medium for mass communication and education, but in addition to this their attitudes about race and gender rises. Children's ideas about how the world works come from their experiences and from the attitudes and behaviors they see around them. If it is used for motivating students, which can help them out in their career growth then it can be considered as the important and useful media of communication. It can be used by the government to give wide publicity to its views and to the development work done by it. Television is not only a mere medium of entertainment, it also has educational and cultural significance, if applied in the right way in the right order. While some children's programming has come under attack for being violent, irrelevant, or sexist, other programs for children, such as "Sesame Street," are regularly lauded for attempting to meet children's developmental needs. Second draft: Television is one of the latest wonders of science. television provides the facility to hear as well as view the person presenting the program. Television has become one of the most important
means of recreation, propaganda and national integration. At the same time, it leaves influence on the children also. It influences both children's prosocial and antisocial behaviors. Although it is a suitable medium for mass communication and education, but in addition to this their attitudes about race and gender rises. Children's ideas about how the world works come from their experiences and from the attitudes and behaviors they see around them. They watch people who are successful in their fields, which motivate them. Quizzes and general awareness channel such as discovery channel help them to increase their knowledge and to build up their career. It can be used by the government to give wide publicity to its views and to the development work done by it. Television is not only a mere medium of entertainment, it also has educational and cultural significance, if applied in the right way in the right order. While some children's programming has come under attack for being violent, irrelevant, other programs for children, such as "Sesame Street," are regularly lauded for attempting to meet children's developmental needs. Third draft: Television is one of the latest wonders of science. It provides the facility to hear as well as view the person presenting a program. Television has become one of the most important means of recreation, propaganda, and national integration. At the same time, it influences the children. It can influence the behavior of children both in positive and negative aspects. Children tend to form an idea about the world from what they see and hear. If they watch and get to know about people who are successful in their fields, it motivates them to choose a suitable career and do well. Quizzes and general awareness channels such as Discovery help them increase their general awareness. Television is not merely a medium of entertainment, it also has educational and cultural significance. While some television shows have come under attack for being violent and irrelevant, shows such as "Sesame Street" are hailed for meeting their developmental needs. 7. Why is writing an important skill to acquire? Suggest certain steps to improve writing.
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Ans. Writing is an important skill to acquire because:
Writing is rather rigid and follows certain rules and conventions in contrast to spoken English, which offers some flexibility with regard to grammar, vocabulary, and organization. Most forms of evaluation involve writing. These include written examinations, project work, and laboratory reports. A non-native English writer tends to write sentences in the same manner in which he or she speaks, and so may not be able to convey the intended meaning to the audience. Therefore, it is important to concentrate on improving writing skills.
Certain steps that can help an individual in improving his writing skills are:

Reading books Writing paragraphs on familiar ideas Writing sentences by using new words Improving vocabulary Learning grammar
Solutions to Chapter Four Questions Solutions to Check Your Progress 2 a. What is a paragraph? Ans. A Paragraph is a group of sentences. It is used to arrange content into small, easily readable bits. A paragraph revolves around one main idea. b. What is a topic sentence? Why it is important? Ans. A topic sentence is the sentence in a paragraph that explains the main idea. It is important because all the sentences in the paragraph are directly related to it.
c. What is coherence? How is coherence achieved in a paragraph? Ans. Coherence means logicality. It is an important feature of paragraph writing. Coherence is achieved in a paragraph by logically linking the sentences in the paragraph. d. What is cohesion? Why is cohesion important in a paragraph? Ans. Cohesion means unity of thought. It is also an important feature of paragraph writing. It is important in a paragraph because it deals with one main idea and expresses this idea in a complete sense. e. What are linking devices? Why are they important? Ans. Linking devices are words or phrases that are used to connect two or more sentences. They help establish a relationship between two sentences. Examples of linking devices are first of all, Later, on the other hand, and whereas. 2. Rearrange the jumbled sentences into correct order observing the principals of coherence and cohesion. 44. Everyone eats more than usual, and at the end of the day we are as stuffed (full) as the turkey. 45. In my family everyone brings a special dish for the thanksgiving meal. 46. My aunt bakes a turkey and fills it with stuffing, a mixture of bread and spices. 47. Thanks giving is a family celebration. 48. They prepare many traditional foods such as turkey, sweet potatoes and cranberry sauce. 49. On this day the Americans remember the first thanksgiving feast of the early American colonists.
50. My relatives also make vegetables, salads, and at least four pies. Ans. The sentences should be arranged in the following order: 1. Thanks giving is a family celebration. 2. On this day the Americans remember the first thanksgiving feast of the early American colonists. 3. They prepare many traditional foods such as turkey, sweet potatoes and cranberry sauce. 4. In my family everyone brings a special dish for the thanksgiving meal. 5. My aunt bakes a turkey and fills it with stuffing, a mixture of bread and spices. 6. My relatives also make vegetables, salads, and at least four pies. 7. Everyone eats more than usual, and at the end of the day we are as stuffed (full) as the turkey. Solutions to Section 4.5.1 Write paragraphs on the following topics: 1. E-mail and Post are similar in some respects but different in others Ans. E-mail and post are different means of communication. They are similar in some respects but differ in others. In both e-mail and post, large information can be sent from one place to another. The content that is sent or received may be formal or informal. However, the speed at which e-mail is transferred from one place to another is much faster than post. The receiver can use the information sent by e-mail and can manage the data easily. For example, the information received can be forwarded to another destination with some addition in the content. The mails received through e-mail can also be organized based on the sender and can be retrieved even after a long time. This organization of data is not possible in the case of post. In addition, e-mails are free of
cost but post is not. Sending mails by post may be expensive, depending on the distance and the quantity of information being communicated. 2. E-mail and Telephone differ in many ways Ans. Both e-mail and the telephone are means of communication but differ in many ways. The usage of telephone is more convenient as compared to e-mail. In a telephonic conversation, there is direct one-to-one interaction. However, e-mails enable us to send large amounts of data and stored it for future reference. E-mail can carry files in the form of attachments, which is not possible in the case of telephone. 3. Post and Fax are different in many respects Ans. Post and fax are different in several respects. Post provides simple communication, whereas fax provides electronic communication. Two fax machines are required to send and receive messages. Post is cheaper but slower than fax. A message sent through post is delivered to the receiver in many days, whereas a message sent through fax is delivered within a few minutes. To send a fax, you need a fax number to identify the fax machine at the receiver's end. A message sent through post needs a postal address to reach its destination 4. Fax is very different from an email Ans. Both fax and e-mail are modern means of communication but are different from each other is several aspects. In e-mail, the transmission speed is slow as compared to fax. However, data can be managed more easily in e-mail. In addition, e-mail can be shared among various users efficiently and effectively. 5. Telephone communication is entirely different from that of a post Ans.
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The telephone and post are different means of communication. Telephonic communication is an example of verbal communication whereas postal communication provides communication in the written form. In telephonic communication, the person can hear the voice of the other person whereas in post, persons can only read the messages written by the sender. The transmission speed of the telephone is very high as compared to the transmission speed of post. In contrast, post allows you to send and receive a large quantity of information. Post enables you to transmit the same information to various users easily but it is very difficult to send the same information to various users through telephone. 6. Telephone and fax share certain common features Ans. The telephone and fax are similar to each other in many aspects. The transmission speed for both is very high. They both provide a moderate level of security. Both fax and telephone provide a number that is necessary for the user to send the message to the destination. Both telephone and fax use telephone lines to send and receive messages. The telephone converts sound signals into electric signals, which can be transmitted over the line. Fax also converts messages into electric signals that can travel through telephone lines. 7. Email is preferable for many reasons Ans. E-mail is a much better medium of communication in comparison with other transmission methods. Electronic communication, because of its speed and broadcasting ability, is fundamentally different from paper-based communication and therefore is the most preferable mode of communication. The transmission speed of e-mail is high as compared to the transmission speed of the other communication mediums. E-mail allows various users to send large amounts of information to the other users. It is very easy to manage data because e-mail enables you to send the same information to different users easily.
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Solutions to Section 4.5.2 1. Write a letter to the district collector inviting him/her to be the chief guest for your school day celebrations. Ans. City Public School R.K. Puram New Delhi The District Collector Delhi Subject: School Annual Function invitation Sir, I am James, school leader of the City Public School. Our school is going to hold an annual function on 25th Sep. 2005. Our principal will preside over the function. The Principal will read out the annual report highlighting the achievements of the school in academics and sports. It will be a privilege for us to have you as our chief guest for the annual function. Your presence shall be a source of inspiration to the students. I hope you be able to spare some precious time from your busy schedule and grace the occasion.
Yours faithfully, James School Leader 2. Write a letter to the commissioner of your corporation complaining against the lack of proper hygiene conditions in your residential area. Ans.
340 Nandnagri Gali Berri Wali Delhi 14 September 2005 The Commissioner Municipal Corporation New Delhi Subject: Unhygienic conditions in Nandnagri Sir, It is unfortunate that the Municipal Corporation, Delhi, is not paying equal attention in providing civic amenities to the residents of different parts of the city. There are certain parts of New Delhi, particularly, south Delhi, which are more cleaner, spacious, and greener due to regular maintenance. These are areas where VIPs and the rich reside. In contrast, colonies like Nandnagri, inhabited mostly by low-income groups, are left to rot and stink. The Nandnagri Welfare Association has been highlighting the local issues before the Municipal Corporation but to no avail. Heaps of dirt keeps lying on the streets. The drains are open and keep overflowing with garbage and dirt. The residents fear outbreak of diseases anytime. Supply of water is very irregular and inadequate. Due to nonavailability of pure drinking water, the residents have become easy victims of water-borne diseases. We sincerely hope that the Municipal Corporation will pay attention to our basic needs and provide the basic sanitary conditions in this colony as soon as possible. Thanking you,
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Yours sincerely ABC President Nandnagri Welfare Association 3. Write a letter to the Controller of Examination of your university informing that you have received the wrong set of certificates and also ask for the correct ones. Ans. XYZ College Delhi 14 September 2005 The Controller of Examination Delhi University Delhi. Subject: Received wrong set of certificates Sir, I, Adhiraj Singh, a student of XYZ College, had appeared in the B.Sc. IT (II) year examination. My roll number is 0234567. Unfortunately, I have received the certificates for Roll Number 134567, which belongs to Parul of B.Sc. IT (I) year. I am facing a great amount of inconvenience due to the nonavailability of my certificates. I have submitted Parul Sharma's certificate in the university office. I request you to ask the concerned staff to send my certificate as soon as possible. Yours faithfully, Adhiraj Singh B.Sc. IT (II) year
Roll No. 0234567 4. Write a letter to your friend studying in another city and staying in a hostel enquiring about his hostel life and also expressing how much you miss him/her. Ans. 16 Church Gate Pune 411003 6 September 2005 My Dear Hari, Hope you are doing fine. Firstly, I would like to congratulate you for achieving the 2nd rank in the Common Engineering Entrance test and securing a seat in a reputed institution of Pune for the B.E. course. I came to know from your brother that you are staying in a hostel. This is the first time you have been staying away from home, so you must be feeling homesick. The first few days are tough, but I am sure you will able to adapt yourself to the new environment You will be happy to know that I have also got admission and will be pursuing my B.E. course in Faridabad. Our session has started and I too am trying to adjust to the new life. Fortunately, I have made a few friends. But I really wish we were in the same college. This would have made lot of difference, as we would have enjoyed our college life as we enjoyed our school days. How are you enjoying your college and hostel life? How is life in Pune? Hope you have made some good friends there also. Do take good care of yourself. Rest is fine here and please do reply as soon as possible. I cant wait to meet you during the upcoming vacations. Yours lovingly, XYZ
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5. Write a letter to your father asking for an additional pocket money for the month of April giving valid reasons. Imagine you are staying in a hostel. Ans. Mata Gujri Hostel Balawala Dehradun 14 sep. 2005 My dear Dad, How are you? I hope all of you are doing well at home. You will be glad to know that the results of the annual examination are out and I have passed with distinction. My new session will be starting in the month of April. For this, I need to buy certain books and submit the fees for the new session. . In addition, I need to purchase stationery. I will be able to meet all my requirements if you can send me Rs. 2,000/-. In case you get time, please do come and meet me.
Yours affectionately, John Solutions to Chapter Five Questions Solutions to Check your Progress 1 1. What is reading? Ans. Reading means understanding text. It is an important part of communication. 2. What are the different kinds of reading? Ans.
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Reading is of two types, surface level reading and deeper level reading. Deeper level reading involves concept forming, interpretation, and critical evaluation of the relevant content. Surface level reading is done mainly for pleasure. 3. Why is loud reading not 'reading'? Ans. Loud reading seldom leads to understanding the content. So, it is not considered as reading. 4. Why is reading important? Ans. Reading is an important communication skill. Reading is done for a variety of purposes, such as preparing for examinations, learning a subject, gaining information, and seeking pleasure. Reading is important to understand any piece of text. Solutions to Check your Progress 2 1. The two purposes of this lecture are: Ans.

To encourage students develop a reading habit. To help students determine what to read and how to read. 2. Who, according to the author, would become dependent on others?
Ans. Those who do not have the ability to read will be dependent on others who can read. 3. What does the phrase, "make the best of the opportunities", refer to? Ans. The phrase make the best of the opportunities" means taking the maximum possible advantage of the available opportunities. 4. Who will be able to make the best of the opportunities?
Ans. Those who have a high degree of proficiency in reading skills will be able to make the best of the available opportunities. 5. Reading has many advantages. They are: Ans.

Helps us to gather information Helps us to make notes for academic purposes Helps us to enhance our language skills Helps us to learn non-natives languages Helps us to use our time constructively Helps us to develop a more coherent viewpoint Helps us to improve our personality
6. Bring out the differences between reading for gathering information (A) and reading for academic purposes (B). A We do not make notes. We do not develop concepts. B Usually, we make notes. We develop concepts.
We read newspapers, magazines, We read textbooks and other and a whole lot of other things. related books. 7. Does the passage suggest that reading helps to improve writing skills? Support your answer with evidence from the text. Do you agree with the view. Why? Yes, the passage suggests that reading helps to improve writing skills. By developing your reading habits, you can improve your vocabulary. As a result, you will be able to write more impressively. Yes, I do agree with the view that reading helps improve writing skills. For writing impressively, one should have a deeper understanding of the topic and a good vocabulary. For both these requirements, reading is a must. 8. Does the speaker emphasize the need for exposure to the native variety of English?
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Yes, the speaker emphasizes the need for exposure to the native variety of English to non-natives. 9. Do Indians have a good opportunity for exposure to native variety of language? How? Yes, Indians have the good opportunity for exposure to the native variety of language. This is because getting the reading material in printed manner in the native language is very easy. Printed books in the native language are easily available and are within the reach of a common man. 10. Why does the speaker say that reading is a good source of entertainment? Reading is a good source of entertainment because it is a great pastime and gives the reader immense pleasure. 11. Does the speaker say that reading leads to one's success in life? Which slide supports this view? Yes. Refer to Unit 7- Presentation and Public Speaking. Slide2 supports this view. 12. How does reading a novel improve one's personality? Reading a novel helps us to develop a wider area of perception and a coherent thought process, which leads to an improved personality. 13. Which benefit of reading, according to the author, is not known to many people? The development of thinking processes is a benefit of reading that is not known to most people. 14. Name some material that people need to read on a day-to-day basis? People should read newspapers and magazines on a day-to-day basis. 15. How does our ability to read help in maintaining good social interaction? Identify the examples suggested by the speaker in this regard. Can you add to the list? Reading improves our personality and general awareness. These two aspects help in maintaining good social interaction. Examples in this regard are: The speaker suggests that reading newspapers daily improves awareness and opens you to the available opportunities.
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In addition, people who regularly read newspapers, magazines and the latest books are able to talk on almost any topic at any social gathering and make a favorable impression. 16. What does the speaker suggest to the students to read. Why? The speaker advises the students to read the concerned textbooks if they wish to face the examinations successfully. 17. Why should one not read without interest? One should not read without interest because the reader will not be able to understand the piece of text in such a situation. As a result, the reader will not be able to recall the text when he or she needs it. Solutions to Check your Progress 3 1. 'Sheik had a bad reputation... yet he was much impressed by Sheik.' Why was Mohandas impressed by the Sheik? Mohandas was impressed by Sheik because he was tall and strong. 2. What did the Sheik advice Mohandas? Sheik advised Mohandas to eat meat if he wished to grow tall and strong. 3. 'He was not against eating meat.' What was Mohandas against? Mohandas was against telling a lie to his mother. 4. Why did Mohandas have to steal money? Mohandas stole money to buy cigarettes. Solutions to Check your Progress 4 1. What was the important thing the Wright Brothers did in 1903? The Wright brothers made the first aeroplane in 1903. 2. How was the plane made by the Wright Brothers different from the modern planes? The plane made by the Wright brothers was made up of wood, canvas, and wire. The planes of today are made up of Magnalium. 3. How the experiment was conducted by the Wright Brothers an important event?
The experiment conducted by the Wright brothers enabled humans to fly. Solutions to Check your Progress 5 1. Who was the little girl in the story? The little girl in the story was Durgabai. 2. Against whom were the Indians fighting? For what? Indians were fighting against the British to gain freedom. 3. What did the Congress do in Kakinada in 1923? The Congress held a meeting in Kakinada in 1923. 4. Why did Durgabai not let Jawaharlal Nehru in the Exhibition hall? Durgabai did not allow Jawaharlal Nehru in the exhibition hall because he did not have a ticket. 5. Who bought a ticket for Nehru? People who had put up the exhibition bought a ticket for Nehru. Solutions to Check your Progress 6 Read the following sentences, which are related to the passage. These are among the six sentences, which agree with the statements in the passage. Write the letters indicating the six true statements in your answer book. The six true statements are: B D E F H J Solutions to Check your Progress 7
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Change the following sentences from direct speech to indirect speech. 1. They said, tomorrow." following day. 2. He said, "I hate to go late." He admitted that he hates to go late. 3. Sita said, "Why have you given me only 3 marks for this answer?" Sita asked me why I had given her only 3 marks for that answer. 4. Govind said, "Did you pay my fee yesterday?" Govind asked me if I had paid his fee the previous day. 5. Peter said, "Will you please show me the way to Lal Bagh." Peter asked me to show him the way to Lal Bagh. 6. Mary said, "Can you kindly lift this bag for me." Mary requested me to lift that bag for her. 7. The child said, "Oh! What a long snake!" The child exclaimed that it was a long snake. 8. She said, "What a pity I have answered all the questions wrong in the exam!" She rued the fact that she had answered all the questions incorrectly in the exam. 9. The officer said to his subordinates, "You should report by 5 o' clock in the morning." The officer ordered his subordinates to report by 5 o' clock in the morning. 10. The teacher said, "All of you should submit the record notes by tomorrow evening." "We do not go to the computer center from
They said that they will not to go to the computer center from the
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The teacher ordered all the students to submit the record notes by the following evening. Solutions to Section 5.4 1. Pick out difficult words from this text and with the help of a dictionary write the meaning of each of the words as it is seen in the context of the letter. Secondly, also write the other possible meanings for the same word. Difficult words from the passage are: Sermonizing Sermonizing Material Material Bestowed Bestowed Bearing Bearing Darkness Darkness Moved Moved Conceited Reveries Epoch speak as if delivering a sermon. express moral judgments. concerned with worldly rather than spiritual interests. the tangible substance that makes up a physical object. given as a gift, presented. given formally or officially. dignified manner or conduct. relevant information or interconnection. Absence of moral or spiritual values. Absence of light or illumination. have an emotional impact upon. to change location, proceed. Characteristic of false pride; having an exaggerated sense of self-importance. Absent-minded dreaming while awake. A period marked by distinctive character or reckoned from a fixed point or event.
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Epoch
(astronomy) the precise date that is the point of reference for which information (as coordinates of a celestial body) is referred. A purposeful or industrious undertaking (especially one that requires effort or boldness). Burdened psychologically or mentally. the state of being held in low esteem. Free from emotional agitation or nervous tension. Free from disturbance. quietly or secretly, to avoid being observed. Characterized by absence of emotional agitation. Completely clear and fine. A deceptive manoeuvre (especially to avoid capture). elevated in nature or style. Live (in a certain place).
Endeavor
Oppressed Discredit Unruffled Unruffled Furtively Serene Serene Artifice Lofty Reside
2. Read the text carefully and carefully construct at least ten comprehension questions covering the entire text. The ten comprehension questions covering the entire text are: 51. Why did Nehru decide to present only a letter and not any other material gift to his daughter Indira on her 13th birthday? l. Who was Hiuen Tsang and why did he come to India?
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m.Why did the man from South India, who came to Karnasuvarna, wear a strange looking outfit? What is Nehru's view of such a man? n. According to Pandit Nehru, what is the best way to decide what is right and what is wrong? o. Why does Nehru advise his daughter not to be proud of the knowledge one possesses? p. 'But a time comes when a whole nation becomes full of faith for a great cause, and then even simple, ordinary men and women become heroes, and history becomes stirring and epoch-making.' What makes simple men and women heroic and what inspires them to do heroic deeds? q. What is the similarity between the Russian revolution of 1917 and India's struggle for independence? r. What is the most important quality, according to Nehru, which a soldier of the freedom struggle must possess? s. Why should one refrain from doing something secretly? What significance did it have during India's struggle for independence? t. Why does Nehru tell his daughter that she is 'fortunate'? 3. Read the text carefully and construct at least ten multiple choice type comprehension questions covering the entire text. The ten multiple choice type comprehension questions covering the entire text are: 52. Why was Nehru not able to convey everything that he wanted in his letter? dddd. He did not have time to write eeee. In prison one cannot write long letters. ffff. He was weak. gggg. Letter was not sufficient to convey all his thoughtAns. d. Letter was not sufficient to convey all his thoughts. u. Why did Hiuen Tsang come to India? hhhh. For adventure iiii. For knowledge jjjj. For trade
kkkk. Ans.
For touring India
b. For knowledge v. The best way to distinguish between right and wrong is: llll. to give sermons mmmm. to argue nnnn. to discuss oooo. to read Ans. c. to discuss w. To whom is this letter addressed? pppp. Indira Gandhi qqqq. Mahatma Gandhi rrrr. Kamla Nehru ssss. Sarojini Naidu Ans. a. Indira Gandhi x. Indira Gandhi was inspired by the story of: tttt. Jesus Christ uuuu. Napoleon Bonaparte vvvv. Jeanne d' Arc wwww. Adolf Hitler Ans. c. Jeanne d' Arc y. Who started the Russian Revolution? xxxx. Lenin yyyy. Mussolini zzzz. Abraham Lincoln
aaaaa. Ans. a. Lenin
Stalin
z. Which is the most famous book of Nehru? bbbbb. My Experiments With Truth ccccc. Geetanjali ddddd. The Discovery Of India eeeee. Godan Ans. c. The Discovery Of India aa. According to Nehru, the best friend of his daughter could be: fffff. Nehru himself ggggg. Bapuji hhhhh. Her mother iiiii. Sarojini Naidu Ans. c. Her mother bb. Indira Gandhi was born in the year: jjjjj. 1923 kkkkk. 1917 lllll. 1921 mmmmm. 1914 Ans. b. 1917 cc. Where was Nehru imprisoned? nnnnn. Andaman and Nicobar Islands ooooo. Naini prison, Nainital ppppp. Tihar jail
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qqqqq. Ans.
None of these
b. Naini prison, Nainital 4. Write a summary of the letter without losing meaning of the text in about 150 words. Nehru wrote this letter to his daughter on her 13th birthday from Naini prison. Instead of the usual material presents, he sent her invaluable advice and his blessings. Nehru used the story once narrated by the famous Chinese scholar Hiuen Tsang to tell Indira that she should always be eager to learn and experience the joy of discovering and learning new things. He advised Indira that the best way to find out what is right and what is not is by talking and discussing. Nehru reminded Indira of heroes such as Jeanne d Arc, Lenin, and Mahatma Gandhi, and told Indira that she should stay inspired by such people and serve her country. If she ever found herself in doubt, she should never do anything in secret as if she had something to fear or hide. Nehru considered Indira lucky to witness the India freedom struggle and to have her mother by her side at that stage of her life. 5. Write a paragraph on Nehru's love for his daughter based on this letter Through this letter, it is evident that Nehru loved his daughter deeply. On her birthday, he reaches out to her from the prison through a letter. Like a good father, he not only wants her to have all the material comforts of life but also wants her to be a good human being and a responsible citizen. He wants to write more but rues the fact that a mere letter cannot contain all that he wants to convey. 6. Do you find any morals that you like to take form this letter? If yes, what are they? Why do you like them? This letter contains the following morals:
This letter inspires one to be always open to gain knowledge. This advice is true for all individuals for all ages.
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This letter teaches how to imbibe the leadership qualities. I liked it because these traits can inspire us to perform great deeds. This letter asks people to be fearless and to do everything openly. This can only happen if they really believe in themselves and in what they do. I appreciate it because this trait is what distinguishes great personalities from the masses.
Solutions to Chapter Six Questions Solution to Section 6.4A 1. Who do you appreciate more 'the stranger' or 'Schwamm'? Why? The work of 'the stranger' is more appreciable than the work of 'Schwamm'. This is because the stranger tried to please the child in spite of not knowing him. The stranger was on crutches and hated children. Still, he took the pain of getting up early in the morning to catch the train. He ensured that he wave to the child until the child was not able to see him any longer. Schwamm, being the father of the child, should have done this but failed to do so. 2. What kind of a boy is Schwamm's son? Would you like to be like him. Why? Schwamm's son was a very innocent kid. The child was so sensitive that every morning on his way to school he waited at the railway crossing for the early morning train to pass by. He stood there and waved his hand furiously and eagerly and when no one waved back in response, he used to burst into tears. No, I would not like to be like Schwamms son because this kind of highly sensitive behavior can be harmful. 3. Comment on Schwamm as a loving father. Schwamm was a very loving and a kind-hearted father. He loved his child a lot. Just for his child's sake, he went to a different city to board a train. The reason was that he could not see his child getting depressed everyday because when the child waved his hand towards a passing train, not even a single passenger from the train waved back. Just to make his child happy, Schwamm decides to board the train to wave at his child. 4. Why did the stranger hate children? Did he really hate them? How do you know?
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The stranger hated children because his wife died while giving birth to their first child. The stranger thought that the kid was the reason for his wifes death. However, it was not true that the stranger did not like small children at all. We get to know that he liked children because finally he was the one who boarded the train to make Schwamms son happy. The stranger woke up early in the morning, boarded the train, and waved his hand in response to the small child. 5. What is the central idea of this short story. Is there any message by the author? The story revolves around a small kid, who is very sensitive and emotional. The father was keen to make his son happy. The stranger, inspite of his past happenings, develops feelings for the little boy and does the same just for the sake of his happiness. The moral of this story is that determination is as important as taking the initiative to achieve a goal. 6. Write a critical appreciation of the short story in about 100 words. Critical Appreciation This story is about restoring faith and keeping hope alive in everybody's lives. It tells us how little incidents can make huge changes in our life. One man, who dislikes children because of his wifes death, subconsciously knows that his belief is baseless, and tries to fight it by going and waving back at Schwamms son. Schwamm misses the opportunity to make his son happy but realizes that humanity still exists in world. The happiest person at the end of the story is Schwamms son, who regains hope and faith in everything because finally a man waves back at him. Solution to Section 6.4B (Summary) A blind man was on his way to Rohana by train when a girl boarded the train. The person was unable to see her face but he could hear that she wore slippers as the heals slapped the floor very loudly. The blind man started talking to the girl in a very friendly manner. The girl could not realize that the person was blind because he was pretending to enjoy the beautiful nature and even giving beautiful comments about her face. The train halted at Saharanpur. The girl collected her things, said goodbye and got down at the station. The girl's voice was so
sparkling that her memories stayed with the blind person for the rest of the journey and even sometime after. Solution to Section 6.5 Convert the following statements into interrogative sentences. 1. Ram has not paid the telephone bill. Has Ram paid the telephone bill ? 2. Mary did not come to school today. Did Mary came to school today ? 3. The school is reopening on August 1, 2005. When is the school reopening ? 4. The suicide bombers escaped from the police. Did the suicide bombers escape from the police ?
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Personality Development

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Solutions to Chapter One Questions 1. Prepare a brief self-portrait of yourself for a professional career.

Coordinator Guide Personality Development Programme - II 1

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Weaknesses Lack of motivation Weak skills

Action Plan Will keep a record of all achievements and successes

interpersonal Will take feedback positively and work upon it

Avoid spelling and typing errors.

410, Surya Apartments, 21-D, : 0129 - 3092391

11. Academic qualifications :

First First First

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: Played cricket at the university

: Available on request. Signature

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A software professional may possess any of the following traits:

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: Ability to analyze situations.

Skills related to job : Analysis and Design (SAD).

C, C++, Oracle, and System

Desired position Justified Salary Learning opportunities Job Security

Preferred working conditions

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John can take the following steps to overcome his weaknesses:

Making reports on the team's Three performance hours

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To overcome my weaknesses, I plan to do the following:

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11.00 to 11.30 11.30 to 12.30

Break Discrete Mathemat ics

Computer Lab Organizat Session ion (PC Software)

Computer Lab Organizat Session ion (C Program ming Language )

System Analysis and Design

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Time 1.30 to 2.30 2.30 to 3.30

Thursday Friday Break PC Software Break C Program ming Language

C PC Program Software ming Language

C Program ming Language

Lab session (C Program ming Language )

Discrete Lab Mathemat Session ics (PC Software)

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Lab session (Data structure s using C) Break

Lab session (Data structure s using C) Break

11.00 to 11.30 11.30 to 12.30

Data Lab structure session s using C (Data structure s using C)

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Following is the action plan for John:

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Sentence: issue. Sentence: Pursue

Don't worry about who will do it- that's just a side

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bed rest hospitalization there is no cure long-term care

It is important to know English in order to try for a job in other countries.