SWINBURNES TEST

Date:
21.04.2005

Aim:
To pre-determine the efficiency of a DC shunt machine when run both as generator and motor.
Apparatus Required:
S. No.
1.

Name of the Equipment

Voltmeter

Range

Type

Quantity

(0-300)V

MC

(0-30)V

MC

2.

Ammeter

(0-5)A

MC

3.

Rheostat

400/1.7A

Wire Wound

100/5A

Wire Wound

3000 r.p.m.

Analog

4.

Tachometer

Precautions:
a) Field rheostat must be kept in minimum resistance position.
b) Armature rheostat must be kept in maximum resistance position.
Model Graph:

Procedure:
1) Connect the circuit as shown in the circuit diagram.
2) Observing the precautions close the DPST Switch and switch ON 220V DC supply.
3) Start the Motor with the help of starter keeping the switch S connected across the
ammeter closed.
4) Adjust the speed of motor to its rated value by adjusting field and/or armature rheostats.
5) Now open the switch S and note all the meter readings.
6) Observing the precautions switch OFF the supply.

To find the armature and series field resistance:

1) Connect the circuit as shown in circuit diagram (fig.(b))
2) Keeping the rheostat in its maximum resistance position close the DPST Switch and switch
ON 220V DC supply.
3) By adjusting the rheostat for different values of current note down the meter readings.
4) Observing the precautions switch OFF the supply.
Circuit Diagram:
Swinburnes Test:

fig. (a)
To find Armature Resistance:

fig. (b)
Tabulation:
For Swinburnes Test:
Speed of the motor: 1500 r.p.m.
S. NO.

Supply voltage

Line current IL

Shunt current

(Volts)

(amps)

If
(amps)

224

1.8

0.94

To find Armature resistance:

S. No.

Va

Ia

Ra

(V)

(A)

(Ohms)

4.8

2.2

2.18

5.4

2.5

2.16

6.2

3.0

2.06

6.8

3.5

1.94

Average Ra

2.08

Machine when run as Motor:

S.

Voltage

IL

If

Ia

I.P

Wcu

WT

O.P

No.

(V)

(A)

(A)

(A)

(W)

(W)

(W)

(W)

0.P / I.P
(%)

224

0.94

1.06

448

2.34

404.00

44.00

9.8

224

0.94

3.06

896

19.47

421.13

474.87

52.99

224

0.94

5.06

1344

53.25

454.91

889.09

66.15

224

0.94

7.06

1792

103.67

505.33

1286.67

71.80

224

10

0.94

9.06

2240

170.73

572.39

1667.61

74.44

224

12

0.94

11.06

2688

254.43

656.09

2031.91

75.59

224

14

0.94

13.06

3136

354.77

756.43

2379.57

75.87

224

16

0.94

15.06

3584

471.75

873.41

2710.59

75.63

224

18

0.94

17.06

4032

605.37

1007.03

3024.97

75.02

Machine when run as Generator:

S.

Voltage

IL

If

Ia

O.P

Wcu

WT

I.P

No.

(V)

(A)

(A)

(A)

(W)

(W)

(W)

(W)

0.P / I.P
(%)

224

0.94

2.94

448

17.97

419.63

867.63

51.63

224

0.94

4.94

896

50.76

452.42

1348.42

66.45

224

0.94

6.94

1344

100.18

501.84

1845.8

72.81

224

0.94

8.94

1792

166.24

567.90

2359.9

75.93

224

10

0.94

10.94

2240

248.94

650.6

2890.6

77.49

224

12

0.94

12.94

2688

348.28

749.94

3437.94

78.19

224

14

0.94

14.94

3136

464.26

865.92

4001.92

78.36

224

16

0.94

16.94

3584

596.8

998.54

4582.54

78.21

224

18

0.94

18.94

4032

746.14

1147.8

5179.8

77.84

Model Calculation:
IL = 1.8A; If = 0.94A; V = 224V
Ia = IL - If

= 1.8-0.94 = 0.86A
2

Constant Loss, WC = V IL - Ia Ra
= 224 1.8 (0.86)

2.08

= 403.2 1.54
= 401.66 W
Reading No. 5
Machine When run as Motor

IL = 10A; If = 0.94A; V = 224V

Ia = IL - If

= 10-0.94
= 9.06 A

Input = V IL = 224 10
= 2240 W
2

CU Loss, WCU = Ia Ra = (9.06) 2.08

= 170.73 W
Total Loss, WT = WC + WCU = 401.66 + 170.73 = 572.39 W
Output = Input - WT = 2240 572.39 = 1667.61 W
Efficiency,

= 0.P / I.P =1667.61 / 2240 = 74.44 %

Machine When run as Motor

V = 224V; IL = 10A; If = 0.94A

Ia = IL + If

= 10+0.94
= 10.94 A

Output = V IL = 224 10
= 2240 W
2

CU Loss, WCU = Ia Ra = (10.94) 2.08

= 248.94 W
Total Loss, WT = WC + WCU = 401.66 + 548.94 = 650.6 W
Input = Output + WT = 2240 + 650.6 = 2890.6 W
Efficiency,

= 0.P / I.P = 2240 / 2890.6 = 77.49 %