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If chemical reaction of one element is known then chemical reactions of other elements can be predicted very easily. Some similar elements of the same groups are shown below i. Na, K ii. Ca, Mg a) Elements of ii number are placed in which group in the periodic table? b) Why the elements are placed in group number ii explain. c) Describe the chemical reactions of ii number elements with hydrogen, acid and halogens. d) Describe the nature of the oxides of ii number elements by chemical reactions after applying heat in their salts. Q-2: Change of matters is sometimes permanent and sometimes temporary. Only physical state is changed due to some changes. Again due to some change internal structure is also changed and new matters are formed. C + O2 CO2 a) What type of change is occurred in the above reaction? b) Explain the cause of occurring the reaction. c) Prove the characteristics of the equation with chemical reaction. d) Being non metal C is a great reducing agent mentioned in the stem justify. Q-3: Observe the following chemical reactions and answer the questions. i. Na2SO4 + Ba(NO3)2 ii. FeCl2 + Cl2 iii. Zn + CuSO4 a) What is chemical reaction? b) Oxidation reduction will not occur in which reaction? Explain with reaction. c) Complete the reaction with balancing and find out the oxidiging and reducing agent in the oxidationreduction reaction give reasons why they are oxidiging and reducing agent? d) Number i and ii is what type of reaction? Find out and justify your answer giving chemical reactions. Q-4: Necessary time varies when we perform chemical reactions. There are some reactions in which products produce from reactant taking lots of times, again in some reactions products produce very fast. fast i. KCl + NaOH NaCl + H2O ii. 4Fe + 10H2O + O2 2(Fe2O3.3H2O) + 4H2 a) What is reactant? b) Rate of reaction increases due to the increase of temperature explain. c) Explain why rate of reaction varies when reaction (i) and (ii) occur? d) Some factors control the rate of chemical reaction explain the statement with your arguments. Q-5: i. 2NaOH + H2SO4 Na2SO4 + 2H2O ii. Zn + CuSO4 ZnSO4 + Cu a) What is isomerization reaction? b) Explain the main factor of occurring a chemical reaction. c) Describe and prove the neutralization reaction between the two reactions mentioned above. d) Oxidation-reduction takes place simultaneously explain the statement from the reaction no. (ii). Q-6: With the different chemical changes one or more substances are changed into new substance. For that reason different types of reaction are occurred. Some reactions are given below: Give your answer of following question in light of the above statement. i. N2+3H2 2NH3; ii. Ca(OH)2 + 2HCl CaCl2 + 2H2O; iii. H2S + Cl2 S + HCl a) What is neutralization? b) Explain that reaction (i) is a synthesis reaction? c) Prove that chlorine is reduced in reaction (iii). d) In which one of the above reaction the oxidation-reduction reaction is not happened? Explain with reasons. Q-7: A teacher of chemistry asked his student Kushal to write an oxidation-reduction reaction. In answer Kushal wrote - Al + O2 Al2O3. a) What is chemical equation?
Q-8:
b) Write down the mass related, significance of the above equation? c) Write down how will you balance the above equation? d) According to electronic concept prove that oxidation-reduction reaction is occurred simultaneously? When a piece of Zinc is added to dilute sulphuric acid solution it is found that a gas is evolved with effervescence. The zinc piece is corroded slowly and at time it is completely dissolved. a) Write down the equation of the reaction. b) Explain the caves why the reaction proceeds. c) When calcium an copper is added to dilute Hal solution separately, then in which case the reaction proceeds and in which case does not - explain with reason. d) Which metal of the above two as mentioned in (c) is found as free state in nature and which one does not explain with reason. Mr. Rafiq discussed the type of chemical reaction in class X. He also taught how the reaction proceeds with conditions. Then he made the following questions NaCl + H2O ..NaOH + H2 + Cl2 ?? Pb + S PbS ?? 3O2 2O3 ?? C2H2 2C + H2
v. CH3COOC2H5 + H2O CH3COOH + CH3CH2OH a) What is the main condition for occurring the above reactions? b) For completing the reactions (i), (ii) and (iii) fill up the gaps with proper conditions. c) Hydrolysis reaction is double decomposition reaction explain it in light of reaction (v) as give above. d) Oxidation reduction reaction is a redox reaction explain it in eight of reaction (i) as shown above. Q-10: 2HNO3 + SO2 = 2NO2 = H2SO4. In this reaction concentrated nitric acid reacts with sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide and sulphuric acid are formed. a) Which one is reducing agent in the above reaction? b) The above reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction explain. c) Prove that the reaction of S and O2 is also an oxidation reduction reaction. d) Show the difference between neutralization reaction and above mentioned reaction. Q-11: Jamil, a student of chemistry passed chlorine gas over heated iron and saw that at first a salt was produced through which as a result of passing excess chlorine gas, another salt was produced. He successfully differentiated between the two salts. a) What type of compound is formed between iron and chlorine? b) How did Jamil differentiate between the two salts which were produced in the above mentioned stem? c) Describe the significance of the equation which is formed before passing excess chlorine. d) Show that oxidation-reduction occurs simultaneously for the last reaction happened in the above mentioned stem. Q-12: Among the various types of chemical reactions, oxidation-reduction is very important. In practival cases, when ionic compound is formed oxidation-reduction takes place. Beside this, electrolysis is also an example of oxidation-reduction reaction. a) What is the modern definition of oxidation-reduction? b) Discuss oxidation is possible even without the addition of oxygen. c) 2Na + Cl2 2NaCl, write down the reactions for oxidation and reduction. Point out the oxidizing and reducing agent. d) Prove according to modern concept that for the following oxidation reduction reactions occurs simultaneously: Zn + H2SO4 ZnSO4 + H2. Q-13: To meet the food demand of huge number people of our country, it is needed to use fertilizer in agricultural land. Natural gas is the main raw material of fertilizer. Ammonia, which is one of the main ingredients of urea, is produced from nitrogen of air and natural gas. Ammonia synthesis reaction is given below 1. N2 + 3H2 2NH3; H = - 92 KJ 2. CH4 + O2 CO + H2O; H = - 41 KJ a) Write the chemical name of the main ingredient of natural gas. b) Explain the characteristics of reaction numbr 1 at equilibrium. c) What will happen in reaction 2(b), if reactin temperature is increased at equilibrium? d) Analyze the importance of conditions to carry out reaction 1.
Q-14: Mg + Cl2 = MgCl2 a) Which one is oxidizing agent in the above reaction? b) The above reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction explain. c) Prove that the reaction of Mg & O2 is also an oxidation reduction reaction. d) Show the difference between the neutralization reaction and above-mentioned reaction. Q-15: During chemistry class, teacher was discussing how to write chemical equations. He said that chemical equation is the brief representation of chemical reaction. He also discussed about the rules for writing chemical equations. Then he showed them the method of balancing equations. a) What is chemical equation? b) Write the chemical equation of the following chemical reaction and balance it: Heated steam reacts with small iron particles to produce ferrosoferric oxide and hydrogen. c) What are the rules of writing chemical equations? d) Explain the significance of the reaction: H2 + O2 = 2H2O Q-16: Which substance oxidized another substance is called oxidizing agent and the substance, which is the reason for the reduction of another substance is known as reducing agent. Some oxidation-reduction reactions are i. CuO + H2 = Cu + H2O ii. CuSO4 + Zn = ZnSO4 + Cu iii. 2FeCl2 + Cl2 = 2FeCl3 a) What is oxidation and reduction? b) Describe the modern definition of oxidizing and reducing agent. c) When silver bromide is exposed to sunlight silver ions are reduced to silver atoms. This reaction is an example of reduction. Write an equation of this reaction. d) From the example (ii) according to modern definition, prove that oxidation and reduction took place at same time. Q-17: One day when Sabbir was watching television in an advertisement he saw the litmus paper. But he did not understand the use of it. When he asked his teacher, he has made him clear about the reaction of acid and base with litmus. He also said that, acid and base gives neutralization reaction in between them. a) What is neutralization? b) In every chemical reaction there must have thermal change explain the statement. c) By what types of chemical reaction polythene is produced? Discuss about that type of chemical reaction. d) What are conditions for taking place of chemical reaction? Describe. Q-18: Fahim enjoys the chemistry the chemistry class very much. One day he has learnt that, in a suitable condition by chemical reaction more than one elements or compound converted to new substance, which is completely different from the previous one. a) What is chemical reaction? b) What are the reasons for chemical reaction? c) Make difference between addition and synthesis. d) What are the characteristics of chemical reaction? Describe. Q-19: observe the following reaction and answer the following questions. nCH2=CH2 (-CH2-CH2-CH2-)n a) What type of reaction above one is? b) Give an example of chemical reaction that takes place due to sound vibration? c) Make difference between isomerization and polymerization. d) Explain the role of light in chemical reaction with examples. Q-20: Oxidation-reduction or redox reacting occupies an important position among different types of chemical reactions. A reaction in which the oxidation number of some elements in the reactant side is changed is called an oxidation-reduction reaction. For example, formation of water from reaction between hydrogen and oxygen is oxidation-reduction reaction. 2H2 + O2 2H2O a) What are oxidizing and reducing agents? b) How will you determine whether a substance acts as an oxidizing or reducing agent? c) During oxidation atom, radical or ion release electron where as reduction accept electron explain the statement according to the modern concept of oxidation and reduction. d) Prove that oxidation and reduction must occur simultaneously. Q-21: During chemistry class Raqibul Islam sir, was discussing about chemical reaction. He said that chemical reaction is a process in which one or more new substances. There are several types of reactions. Each of reaction shows definite characteristic. a) What is polymerization reaction? b) Best way to bring the reactants in contact is to keep them in solution- explain.
c) A chemical reaction follows the law of conservation of mass Justify the statement. d) Explain the modern or electronic concept of oxidation-reduction reaction.