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Institutionalizing the Measurement of Social Protection (Country Perspective: Pakistan)

Rabia Awan Chief Statistical Officer Pakistan Bureau of Statistics


Workshop on Measuring Social Protection, 14-16 May 2013, Jakarta, Indonesia Disclaimer: The views expressed in this paper/presentation are the views of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Asian Development Bank (ADB), or its Board of Governors, or the governments they represent. ADB does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this paper and accepts no responsibility for any consequence of their use. Terminology used may not necessarily be consistent with ADB official terms.

Outline
Introduction Current data sources of Social protection Overview of Household Integrated Economic Survey Issues and considerations Recommendations

Country Profile
Total Population Natural Growth rate Social & Poverty related expenditure as % of GDP Main Indicators 180 million 1.88 6.9 (Rs.1245.541 billion in 2010-11) Total Male Female

Life Expectancy at Birth (years)


Labour Force Participation rates Unemployment rates Employment by formal sectors Employment by informal sectors Occupational injuries/diseases Sex ratio Literacy rates 32.8 6.0 26.2 73.8 3.5 105 58.5

64
49.3 5.1 25.9 74.1 4.1

68
15.6 8.9 28.9 71.1 1.5

70.2

46.3

Introduction
Government of Pakistan (GOP) recognizes that Social Protection and provision of social safety nets have Major role to play in Promoting pro-poor growth Tackling exclusion and inequality Pakistan has network of direct &Indirect social protection mechanism as follows:Direct Provisions: Employment based guarantees (such as Employees 'old Age Benefit,(EOBI), Workers Welfare Fund(WWF) Zakat Pakistan Bait-ul-Mal(PBM) Benazir Income Support Program (BISP) Indirect Provisions: Sasti Roti (Cheap bread) Program Market Based interventions (Microfinance) Subsidies on Electricity, Wheat & other Food items & Housing

All the programs are monitored through Administrative records Major data sources are Government agencies like :_ Employees 'old Age Benefit,(EOBI), Ministry of Social Welfare, Pakistan Bait-ul-Mal(PBM), (Rs.1486.876 million has been disbursed till March 2012) Ministry of Zakat &Usher (Rs.3668.794 million has been disbursed till February 2012) BISP (Rs 122 billion was disbursed till March 2012, according to Economic Survey 2011-12) Surveys: Household Integrated Economic Survey Labor Force Survey

Current Data Sources

Current Data Sources


Issues: Disbursements and number of beneficiaries are available but cannot disaggregated by Poor and non-Poor(except to some extent in BISP) No single data source. Data are very fragmented. Concepts and definitions vary from agency to agency and across years. No single agency is responsible for compiling the Social Protection at National Level

Overview of Household Integrated Economic Survey(HIES)


HIES is National representative survey conducted since 1963 with some breaks Now conducted every alternate year Sample size comprising of approximately 18000 households from all over Pakistan Two stage stratified random sampling technique is adopted Its household survey and data is collected through direct personnel interviews Data is collected through equally distributed households from in all four quarters during the year

Objectives of the HIES Survey


HIES survey is conducted to provide data for:
Household Income and Consumption Patterns Consumption of daily food items, used to calculate calories Number and type of employed persons, employment by Occupation and Industry Household Consumption data is used for calculation of Poverty incidence Assessment of programs initiated under Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper(PRSP) Formulating Poverty Reduction Strategy Monitoring progress of MDGs Beneficiaries are Planners, Policy Makers, Research workers, Statisticians and National & International Organizations

HIES And Social Protection


Questions asked: Pensions and other benefits in employment section Special section on transfers Received and Paid out, which captures major programs and transfers received through gifts and assistance

SECTION 1-M PART-B ALL MALES, 10 YEARS OF AGE AND OLDER - EMPLOYMENT AND INCOME SECOND OCCUPATION OTHER WORK INCOME IN KIND PENSION etc. 22. ID 11. Was all or 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. C In a large What was What was the What How In How Have How Did How O addition, the nature nature of part of was much addition much sold any much receive much D did ., income of work work done by the mone did . ..do money income money any money E do any used to (Occupati the employ y in any in cash, received was Pension in pay other on ) that enterprise, ment cash, other did in kind obtained or other cash, expenses work or did? office, status? did .. work or earn for by benefits did hold other Two digit institution See .earn hold from wages selling during receiv of this HH? Yes =1 jobs for codes are where ., FN for from other these and the the last e No =2 pay, profit required. worked? codes. this jobs for other salaries kind year? from or family For codes Description If code secon pay, activitie during received Yes =1 Pension No Income Reported= gain details, of sector of =5 d profit or s during the last in No =2 and 3 during the see the activity Q- occup family the last one wages & Q other last year? sheet of (Industry) 16 ation gain year? year? salaries 22 benefits Yes=1 occupation and two digit( during during Yes=1 during during No=2 al codes. Industry) the the last No=2 the last the Q-16 code is last year? Q-20 1 year? Last required. year? Yes=1 year? See Industry No=2 Codes sheet Q-18 for codes.
Description Co de Description Code Rs. Rs. Rs. Rs.

SECTION 8-M

TRANSFERS RECEIVED AND PAID OUT ( During the Last 1 Year ) Part A: Income Received From Zakat, Usher, Remittances and Other Sources by HH Members Part B : Amount paid out in transfers by HH members

Q-1: During the last 1 Year, did any member of the HH receive income from any of the following sources? If yes, give amount (Rs) in Q-2 otherwise tick None box.

1. Receipts from committees?


2. Remittance received (in cash) from within Pakistan ? (Money received Which will not be repaid) 3. Remittance received (in cash) from outside Pakistan? (money received which will not be repaid) Yes = 1, No. =2 Q-7 Part-A 4. What is source of remittances received form outside Pakistan (With amount received against each source). a). Amount received through bank. b). Amount received through book. c). Amount received of Other sources. 5. From which country major part of remittances received ((Write name & code of country). 6. Write the relationship of the person with head of household from whom major part of remittances received

Q-2: Total N Co Amount o de Received in the n e Last 1 Year(RS) 801 802 803

Q-1: During the last 1 Year, did any member of the HH pay out to others , in cash or in kind, from any of the following sources? If yes, give amount(Rs) in Q-2 otherwise tick non box.

N o n e

Q-2: Total Cod Amount paid in e the Last 1 Year (RS)

1. Amount paid for committees?


2. Remittances paid within Pakistan (in cash or in kinds). 3. Remittances paid (in cash or in kind)out side Pakistan Yes = 1, No. =2 Q-7 Part-B 4. By which source the remittances paid out side Pakistan. a). Amount paid outside Pakistan through bank

821 822
823

804 805 806 807 Code 808

b). Amount paid outside Pakistan through hundi. c). Amount paid outside Pakistan through other sources 5. Write the name & code of country where major part of remittances paid? 6. Write the relationship of person with the head of household to whom the major part of remittances paid 7. Amount paid (in Zakat & usher cash or in kind). Note (if any income in cash or kind paid the write against each sour Yes = 1, No. =2 Q-8 Part-B

825 826 827 Code 828 829

7. Income in cash from Zakat/usher Yes = 1 No = 02 (Q 8 part-A)Note(if any income in cash received from Zakat/usher then write against each source)
a). Received government). from public sector (Federal/Provincial/District Semi

809

a). Paid to public Sector (Federal/Provincial/District/Semi government)


b). Paid to private sector (Relatives/non-relatives, NGO/Trust etc) 8. Amount paid for life insurance policies? 9. Lose of cashes or other personal/household items 10. Other remittances, assistance of gifts, alimony, sadqa etc, 11. Inheritances, marriage (dowry etc, given (in cash/kind) 8- TOTAL (Part b )

830

810 811 812 813 814 815 816 817

831 832 833 834 835 840

b). Received from Private Sector (Relatives/Non-relatives/NGOs/trust etc). 8. Receipts from life insurance claims? 9. Receipts from general insurance claims? 10.Sadqa, inheritance, lottery winnings etc. 11. Receipts from boarders or lodgers (in cash) 12. Cash receipt from inheritance and dowry 13. Gifts, assistance etc, received in-kind but sold? ( don not report sold item already reported in Sec.7 7-M) 8- TOTAL (part a )

820

Issues in Current module


All the Governments Social Protection programs are not included in the Survey Information on different programs by name is not collected. Difficult to disaggregate information collected Information collected for programs is at household level while information for pensions is collected at individual level Gender disaggregated information is not collected

Data Dissemination
Micro data of HIES is disseminated so that Policy makers and researchers can use for analysis a per their requirement. Publications containing the main results in tabular along with text and graphs form is provided

Challenges to incorporate Social Protection Module


Interview time will increase(Average time taken between is 1 hr 40 mins to 2 hrs), Increase burden on enumerators Need extensive training of enumerators and staff of concepts, coverage and objectives of the social protection module Needs capacity building of PBS staff to use Adept software for analysis of social protection data

Conclusion &Recommendations
No coordination between different departments for measuring social Protection As there is no institutional mechanism to measure social protection, inclusion of social protection module in HIES will stream line the mechanism. Capacity of NSO may be enhanced for analyzing the social protection module Integration of module will give timely periodic and representative results for decision and Policy makers

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