THE NOUN

1. State the simple and compound nouns in the list below: country; classroom, conference; blackboard; laboratory; doorway; afternoon; newcomer; lecture; weekend; day flight; sister-in-law; highway; freedom; friendship; department; passer-by; welcome; faculty; merry-go-round; forget-me-not; flower; threshold; sunshine; agency; wireless; butterfly; windmill; looker-on; record drawback; statesman; cars; penknife. 2. State how the nouns below are formed: (convertion; contraction; abbreviation; affixation; deflexion) Romanian; driver; the Pacific; UNO; outlaw; song; expectation; native; the present; failure; car; loss; white; translator; pen; HP; suggestion; the Mediterranean; bus; building; the ancients; the moderns; writing; captain; enlargement; gvt; guidance; the poor; the rich; exam; Dr; strength; ad; self-administration; vac; superstructure; breadth; co-partner. 3. Form sentences according to the model, choosing the appropriate noun in column two: e.g. A Romanian is a native of Romania. Frenchman England Italian Finland Englishman Japan Greek Italy Finn China Spaniard Egypt Belgian Poland Dane Greece Pole France Portuguese Belgium Swede Denmark Chinese Spain Egyptian Sweden Japanese Portugal 4. Make up sentences according to the model, choosing the appropriate noun in column two: e.g. The language spoken by the people of England is English Romania Indian Denmark Bulgarian France Chinese Germany Turkish Holland Portuguese Norway French Poland German Portugal Romanian Bulgaria Danish Turkey Dutch India Norwegian China Polish

5. Attach the appropriate prefixes (b) to the following nouns (a) a) father; offer; management; structure; president; print; title; neutron; arrangement; postulation; shore; mobility; action, summer; intervention; realism; suppositon; rector; afforestation; seller. b) self-; mis-; dis-; in-; pre-; under-; counter; vice-; anti-; im-; neo-; re-; co-; super-; sub-; fore-; non-; pro-; mid-; ex-. 6. Attach the appropriate suffixes (b) to the following words (a) a) write; debt; pay; engine; percent; utter; prefer; tend; examine; free; child; host; real; book; English; improve; great; friend; depart; leaf. b) ee; -ance; -ation; -ess; -man; -ship; -or; -age; -ency; -hood; -let; -ness; -ure; -er; -cer; -ence; -dom; -ism; -ment. 7. Transform the underlined prepositional phrases into juxtaposed nouns e.g. a hostel for students a student hostel a course for the summer a collector of stamps a camp for children a teacher of foreign languages a shelf for book a table for writing a singer of pop music an enthusiast for sports a sattelite of the earth 8. Form nouns with the following roots: man; read; kind; drive; broad; long; young; free; high; active; boy; useful; possible; act; girl; warm; fellow; good; secretary; author. 9. Answer these questions by changing the verbs into derived nouns. (Make all the other necessary changes as in the model) e.g. Do you prefer spring or autumn? I have no preference for either. 1. Can you suggest a way out of this trouble? 2. Does he intend to tell her the truth? 3. Can you describe him the rules of the game? 4. Can they achieve such a goal? 5. Have you informed them about the trip? 6. Can you examine all these students today? 7. Can he guide the group to the forest? 10. Give the abstract nouns of: partner; child; to fail; clean; noise; humid; to discover; proud; to know; long; to expend; craftsman; to register; illiterate; friend; to lose; to deliver; supreme; to perform; apprentice.

11. Change the underlined nouns into the plural. Make the other necessary changes 1. The price or this item has gone down. 2. We like the cloth you produce. 3. Our English teacher is very young. 4. What a beautiful bush grows at your entrance door! 5. A judge is always impartial. 6. The blackboard is not clean. 7. Lets hurry; the bus is in the station! 8. There is a shortage in one box. 9. The Danube flows on the territory of our country. 10. My life has changed in the last years. 11. This new factory produces modern equipment. 12. This class was very interesting. 13. The conference is held on Monday. 14. The roof of that house is damaged. 16. The goods are left on the wharf. 17. We had lunch together. 18. This is not a toy! 19. This library is wellsupplied. 20. I shall go along this path. 12. Write the plural of the following nouns according to the models (A) and/or (B) arranging them on two colums: potato; photo; soprano; tomato; solo; echo; Negro; casino; hero; concerto; mosquito; volcano; motto; studio; salvo; portfolio; grotto. (A) cargo cargoes (B) piano pianos 13. Make up sentences with the nouns given below according to the model: She knows that the plural of crisis is crises. basis; phenomenon; erratum; hippopotamus; formula; bureau; series; analysis; bacterium; datum; oasis; minimum; thesis; stadium; species; criterion; genius; addendum; memorandum; gymnasium; sanatorium. 14. Give the singular of the following nouns: children; allies; brethren; shelves; mice; buses; women; men; flies; dashes; geese; feet; lunches; cups; teeth; mouths; countries; oxen; classes; loaves; dice; gulfs; wharves. 15. Turn the following sentences into the plural making all the necessary changes: 1. As a student you should wait for your teacher in the classroom. 2. I am looking at the blackboard in front of me. 3. The white butterfly is dangerous for the cabbage crop. 4. My school mate is a brilliant person. 5. This goods train must arrive in time. 6. The passerby has stopped in front of the beautifully dressed shopwindow. 7. Her sister-in-law is a pleasant woman. 8. My daughter enjoys looking at a merry-go-round. 9. A forget-me-not is a blue, delicate flower. 10. There is a finger post at the corner of this street. 11. This sportsman has been awarded a gold medal. 12. I think that I have lost at least one penknife in my life. 13. His fellow-traveller had a good knowledge of the event. 14. She prefers being examined by a woman doctor. 15. This shoolmaster is a person of broad experience. 16. They hoped that there was at least one on-looker. 17. That person in front of the shopwindow seems interested in our grods. 16. Translate the following sentences into Romanian paying attention to the different meanings of the plural form 1. I like her paintings because of their light colours. 2. They have been waiting for the two presidents with colours flying. 3. His opinion was that the compasses were out of order.

4. He received a pair of compasses as a birthday present. 5. The Bank of England preserved many of its old customs. 6. You have to pay customs duties for these items. 7. In that case the damages were very serious. 8. As the company was insured it received important damages. 9. Dont be so impressed because of some stage effects! 10. The personal effects are duty free. 11. The Letters of Credit should arrive in time. 12. He is a famous man of letters. 13. I have been waiting for you for more than 10 minutes. 14. One of us should write down the minutes of our meeting. 15. They started from good premises. 16. We shall meet on the premises of our company. 17. His life covered three quarters of the century. 18. I think that I shall shift my quarters. 19. We have received the receipts in good time. 20. Their company obtained important receipts for its sales. 21. The gross returns are very important this year. 22. During the first two terms of the year they met several times for discussing. 23. You should not try to reckon your happiness in terms of wordly success. 17. A. Give the Romanian translation of the plural form of the following nouns paying attention to their possible double meaning commodity; facility; glass; manner; number; pain; work; scale; spectacle; ground. B. Practice the two possible meanings of the plural form of the above mentioned nouns, using them in pair sentences of your own. 18. Chose one of the two plural forms given in brackets: 1. Some time ago their companies employed a significant number of (staffs; staves); 2. One of the (staffs; staves) I bought yesterday was broken. 3. We should replace the old (dies; dice). 4. The (dies; dice) are cast. 5. Now we have to draw up the (indexes; indices) for these books. 6. In this exercise there are some mistakes regarding the (indexes; indices). 7. In the forehead and the eye the (index; indices) of the mind does lie. 8. For many years he lived in different social (mediums; media). 9. Nowadays we enjoy a multitude of mass (mediums; media). 10. The salesman showed us various (clothes; cloths) to choose from for our dresses. 11. The (clothes; cloths) she wears are always very smart. 19. Translate into English: 1. Iat o veste care te-ar putea interesa. 2. Aceste veti au fost o surpriz pentru el. 3. Care este sfatul tu n aceast situaie? 4. Sfaturile bune trebuie transmise mai departe. 5. n camer nu erau prea multe mobile. 6. Cred c aceast mobil este de calitate bun. 7. Informaiile nu sunt exacte. 8. Informaia sosit la timp este util. 9. Cunotinele de gramatic ne sunt foarte folositoare. 10. Toate bagajele mele au rmas pe peron. 11. Acest bagaj este foarte greu. 12. Care sunt ultimele tiri primite la redacie? 13. Banii sunt depui la banc. 14. Scrisorile de afaceri bine ntocmite sunt o cerin a comerului modern. 15. Diferitele firme ce funcioneaz sub acest nume sunt aproape falimentare.

20. Use the verb in brackets in the singular or plural form (present tense) as required by the subject 1. Our faculty foot-ball team (to play) in your town today. 2. My family (to be) on a trip in the mountains. 3. The government of this country (to agree) to take the necessary steps in the problems under discussion. 4. When the audience (to be) in the hall the performance begins. 5. Our group (to be) always the first in foreign languages. 6. The crowd (to gather) in front of the theatre door. 7. After more than 50 years mankind (not to forget) the horrors or WW II. 8. The crow (to be) on board The Mures. 9. The Parliament (to be) summoned in session. 10. People (to like) going on trips in summer time. 11. The cattle (to enter) the farm-yard in the evening. 12. My folk (to live) in the country. 21. Choose the correct form of the verb out of the two given in brackets: 1. I can see the trout that (move / moves) among the stones. 2. Poultry (is / are) grown on this farm. 3. The sheep (was / were) spread all over the field. 4. Mathematics (is / are) a very useful science. 5. The pack of cards (was / were) lying all around them. 6. Their class (is/ are) the best in the school. 7. (Is / are) there any fish in this river? 8. The foot and the horse of a country (was / were) important in the development of historical events. 9. The means of locomotion (was / were) old. 10. A huge iron works (is / are) coming into being in our town. 12. The theatre had a corps of ballet which (was / were) famous. 13. No thanks (is / are) needed. 22. Arrange the following nouns on 4 columns: A: nouns which have a plural mentioned here in the singular (give the plural form); B: noun which have no plural mentioned here in the singular C: nouns which have no singular mentioned here in the plural D: nouns with a different meaning in the singular mentioned here in the plural. e.g. A B C D day-days health politics peoples book; damages; fruits; comfort; customs; cheque; cattle; auspices; payee; aircraft; economics; fishes; quiz; epoch; headquarters; merchandise; thanks; steels; income; story; scales; wools; produce; wages; proof; cybernetics; sands; progress; wharf; rubbers; spectacles; half; strength; greens; zero; happiness; ashes; costs; music; contents; peace. 23. Translate into Romanian a bunch of flowers; a stack of wood; a crowd of people; a series of events; a chain of mountains; a lump of sugar; a slice of bread; a piece of meat; a cake of soap; an item of news; a spell of fine weather; a flight of steps; a fleet of ships; a team of workers. 24. Translate into English paying attention to the agreement between subject and predicate 1. Comitetul consta din 15 persoane. 2. Comitetul a ajuns la un punct de vedere comun. 3. Aceast lucrare se adreseaz unui public larg. 4. Publicul este rugat s nu fumeze n sala de spectacol. 5. Corpul didactic era foarte numeros n universitatea lor. 6. Este de ateptat ca ntregul corp didactic s aib o nalt calificare. 7. Progresele ei la matematic sunt cu totul remarcabile. 8. Simeam cum puterile m prseau. 9. Tunetele i fulgerele brzdau cerul. 10. Un fulger ne-a luminat calea. 11. Etica se preocup de principiile moralei. 11. Etica sa este fr cusur. 12. Acustica studiaz sunetele.13. Acustica acestei sli nu las nimic de dorit. 14. Studenii se plimbau n parc cte unul sau cte doi. 15. Marfa aceasta vine din Grecia.

25. Arrange the underlined nouns in the following sentences on four columns corresponding to their gender: Model: 1) Masculine 2) Feminine 3) Common 4) Neuter man woman cousin book 1. This student has got only high marks. 2. Boys and girls often walk together in the park. 3. My friend often writes letters to his father and mother, to his brothers and sisters and even to all his other relations. 4. I think that the author of this novel cannot be old. 5. What a charming actress! 6. Of the two characters in The Citadel, the doctor and his wife, I prefer the latter. 7. I didnt know that his parents were so old! 8. This bird must be either a goose or a gander. 9. Although Vanity Fair is a novel without a hero, some people consider Becky as its heroine. 10. Beginning with the 15th of September this year, her son will be a pupil. 11. Pride and Prejudice is a famous novel which you should read. 12. We shall never forget our colleagues and teachers! 26. Give the feminine corresponding to the following nouns of the masculine gender: a) boy; son; father; brother; uncle; husband; man; lad; tutor; bachelor; bull; dog; drone; stallion; b) actor; ambassador; author; doctor; heir; lion; master; negro; poet; proprietor; steward; tiger; waiter; c) administrator; director; hero; chauffeur; prosecutor; d) grandson; male patient; airman; chairman; cock pheasant; he-bear; clerk. 27. Give the corresponding words denoting the masculine gender for the following nouns in the feminine: mayoress; protectress; shepherdess; empress; benefactress; aviatrix; executrix; undergraduette; usherette; czarina; bride; lady; niece; madam; witch; widow; ewe; dow; barmaid; saleswoman; hen sparrow. 28. In the texts below insert the appropriate pronouns (he, she, it, his, her, its) for the corresponding gender of the nouns: 1. The sun come up upon the left. Out of the sea came (-) And (-) shone bright, and on the right Went down into the sea (Coleridge) 2. When sunset came we stopped in the valley waiting for the moon to rise. At ten (-) came up beautiful and serene as ever. Suddenly we felt that a lion came nearer: (-) dreadful roar made us shudder with anger. We all knew that only about a quarter of a mile out lay a boat, with (-) sails half down. (Hemingway) 3. The brave little insect never remained there; (-) came out in search of (-) friends. (John Lubbock). 4. Great Britain is an island; (-) capital is London. 5. Romania has considerably developed (-) trade. 6. The Danube crosses the territory of our countruy; (-) springs in Germany and flows into the Black Sea. 7. The storm unleashed in the evening; (-) prevented us from leaving the house. 8. Our friendship is a very strong feeling; (-) will last as long as we live. 9. The Carpathians are mountains of a medium height; however (-) peaks are covered with snow even in summer.

29. Translate into English 1. Romnia i-a trimis reprezentantul su la conferina regional. 2. Dac ntrebi pe oricine de pe strad acesta i va arta unde locuiete medicul de familie. 3. Soarele se rotete n jurul axei sale odat la 25 de zile. 4. Aceast cntrea este o artist de prima clas. 5. Vnztoarele din acest magazin sunt foarte politicoase. 6. n general conductoarele auto sunt foarte atente. 7. Profesoara este foate iubit de elevii si. 8. Maina i vaporul sunt ea pentru ofer i marinar. 9. Cmila este de nenlocuit n lungile cltorii prin deert, pentru marea sa putere de adaptare. 10. Publicul, plin de entuziasm i-l exprima fr rezerve, aplaudnd acea interpretare unic. 30. Use the Synthetic Genitive, instead of the Propositional Genitive whenever possible: 1. The task of a student is to learn. 2. The song of the birds was heard up the hill. 3. The young man took no notice of the advice of his father. 4. Clothes are made in the workshop of a tailor. 5. I shall never forget the green of the grass in my garden. 6. We buy cigarettes at the shop of a tobacconist, vegetables at the shop of a greengrocer, meat at the shop of a butcher, bread at the shop of a baker. 7. I have to mention the highly satisfactory activity of these students in the language laboratory. 8. The cover of this book has a pleasant blue colour. 9. The landscape of Romania is really impressive in some regions. 10. The newspaper of today has a lot of interesting news. 11. We skated on the frozen surface of the river. 12. They fought for the defence of their liberty and independence in many wars. 13. We had to stop after a journey of one day. 14. The life-boats of the ship were launched for a drill. 15. The offices of the company are on the 2nd floor. 16. We cant solve the problems of the world. 17. You shall observe the rules of this Club. 31. Turn the Synthetic Genitive in the sentences below into the plural, wherever possible 1. I dont remember this childs name. 2. Entering the room I saw that the boys books were spread all over the table. 3. A months holiday is what he mostly desires. 4. This waitress smile is quite pleasant. 5. Todays journey was very confortable. 6. His fathers job is interesting. 7. That mans seat is no longer vacant. 8. Charles family left the town for a short trip. 9. The teachers remark should be taken into account. 10. A weeks holiday will be really pleasant. 32. Justify the use of the Synthetic Genitive in the following sentences: 1. We had a marvellous two hours walk along the sea coast. 2. A summers day in Devon is quite special with all its unusual softness. 3. A window blazed like a jewel in the suns last rays between the poplar trees. (Galsworthy). 4. We wandered to the Pine Forest / That skirts the oceans foam (Shelley). 5. Our countrys geography must be well known by the students. 6. A twenty yards distance separates our houses. 7. I dont think that this parcel is more than a pounds weight. 8. This book is two pounds worth. 9. We have seen Shakespeares plays Loves Labours Lost and The Winters Tale. 10. Yesterdays mail brought me the long expected letter. 11. The vessels crew were on the deck. 12. I shall spend this week-and at the Smiths. 13. The commission is interested in Africas problems. 14. He had a hairs breadth escape. 15. Who elses proposal shall we consider now? 16. Londons traffic is heavy at peek hours. 17. We are interested in nobodys problems.

33. A. Look up the following Synthetic Genitives and translate them into Romanian: - at ones fingers end - a birds eye view - out of harms way - a needles eye - her hearts desire - a pins head - at a stones throw - the journeys end - at ones wits end - at swords point B. Use them in sentences of your own 34. Explain the difference in meaning between the two forms of Genitive: 1. This film is a description of Dickens. 2. The short excerpt is a description of Dickens. 1. This painting is a portrait of Sargent. 2. This masterpiece is a portrait of Sargents. 1. Cezar Petrescu wrote a novel of Eminescu. 2. Cezara is a novel of Eminescus. 1. He told us the story of Hemingway. 2. I read a story of Hemingways. 35. Replace the following Prepositional Genitives by a compound noun Model: a writer of prose a prose writer The cover of the book; the equipment of a farm; the meaning of the letter; the pocket of the trousers; the waves of the ocean; the bank of the river; the coast of the sea; the level of the water; the satellite of the earth. 36. Choose the form which is recommended out of the two forms given below: 1. She is my brothers friends wife. 2. She is the wife of my brothers friend. 1. Kates parents visit pleased us very much. 2. The visit of Kates parents pleased us very much. 1. In the light of the moon we could see the big house in front of us. 2. In the moons light we could see the big house in front of us. 1. The houses front door was unlocked. 2. The front door of the house was unlocked. 1. We went in the sounds direction. 2. We went in the direction of the sound. 37. Study the following sentences paying attention to the different uses of the Genitive case (The Saxon Genitive or the Prepositional Genitive). Explain the structures. 1. The students return interrupted our conversation. 2. The smoke or a wood-fire went up in the air. 3. The students hostel is comfortable and cosy. 4. They were welcomed with a feeling of joy. 5. Several of the students got very good results. 6. In the city of Bucharest there are a lot of parks and gardens. 7. All of his books have beautiful bindings. 8. Ill be back in a few minutes time. 9. This is the well-known American composer George Gershwins chief work Porgy and Bess. 10. I have found in your library one of Lewis, Smith and Wilsons works. 11. Receive this present, with Marys and Janes compliments! 12. Everybody expected the jurys verdict. 13. He went into a shop and bought a pounds worth of chocolates. 14. I met him after two months absence from his job. 15. Last week I saw the play A

Midsummer Nights Dream. 16. She was reading the day befores paper. 17. We are often astonished in front of Natures many wonders. 18. The ships mast was broken by the storm. 19. We were walking along one of Londons parks. 20. The courage of young people is wellknown. 21. This man is the father of the child I am going to examine tomorrow. 22. The language of the Sports Bulletin reporter is often obscure to the layman. 23. The achievements of a modern democratic state speak for themselves. 38. Translate into English: 1. Notele acestui student au fost foarte mari pe acest semestru. 2. Invitaii copiilor au stat pn seara trziu. 3. Nepotul soiei fiului lui Ion ne-a fcut o vizit n ianuarie. 4. Fiul profesorului meu de matematic este n acelai an cu mine. 5. Camera lui Mihai i a lui George este la etajul doi. 6. Ziarul de azi scrie despre dezbaterile din cadrul ONU. 7. Tutungeria este la prima staie. 8. Clima Angliei este destul de ploioas. 9. Dup cteva zile de drum am ajuns n oraul natal. 10. Cabana cea mai apropiat este la o deprtare de 3 km. 11. Luna ianuarie este cea mai friguroas lun a anului. 12. Pe toi ne ncnt vemintele policrome ale toamnei. 13. El este un prieten al unchiului meu George. 39. Fill in the blanks with the prepositions to, for, of, from, as required by a Prepositional Dative 1. Give my best regards your friend. 2. I snatched the handkerchief Georges hand to wave at the newcomers. 3. I inquired Dan what the subject for debate at the seminar was. 4. I have bought a present my mother. 5. This is an activity that requires great precision the workers. 6. He got a sum of money equivalent the quality of his work. 7. What did you ask the students? 8. Ive got a ticket my best friend. 9. What is your attitude art? 10. The child begged pardon his parents. 11. Mary called a taxi her daughter. 40. Change the following sentences using the for Prepositional Dative: Model: He brought Mary some flowers. He brought some flowers for Mary 1. I buy my daughter interesting books. 2. The teacher is choosing his students a new text. 3. We found our parents good seats in the train. 4. The student got her friend a ticket for the show. 5. I booked my sister a roon at the hotel. 6. The whole group bought their colleague a bottle of wine in celebration of his birthday. 7. We have made the guests a warm reception. 8. Cut this little girl a slice of bread! 9. We must order that company some new equipment. 41. Translate into English using the two forms of the Dative with or without preposition wherever possible. 1. I-am fcut lui George o aluzie n sensul celor discutate. 2. Au fost de acord cu propunerea noastr. 3. Am cerut un autograf de la autorul romanului nou lansat. 4. Profesorul explic studenilor cuvintele noi. 5. I-am oferit lui Dan prilejul de a ne nsoi n excursie. 6. I-am servit pe invitai cu prjiturile fcute de mine. 7. Profesorul dicteaz studenilor un text necunoscut. 8. El a permis studenilor folosirea dicionarului. 9. Intenionez s o prezint prinilor mei pe cea mai bun prieten a mea. 10. Preedintele a nmnat diplome i premii ctigtorilor concursului. 11. Supunem propunerea aprobrii adunrii generale.

42. Choose the right preposition in the brackets: A. 1. Read the letter (to/for) your father because his glasses are broken. 2. I have to repeat the questions (to/for) my students as they could not hear them because of the noise outside. 3. My sister cooks some dinner (to/for) her son. 4. He left some flowers (to/for) his mother on the table. 5. Speak (to/for) the audience now! 6. We have to get plane tickets (to/for) our guests from abroad. B. 1. Do you prefer going (by/with) car or (by/on) foot? 2. We use to write our letters (in/with) ink not (in/with) pencil. 3. I prefer my cardigan made (by/with) machine. 4. We must open this tin (by/with) a tin-opener. 5. They have listened to the news (on/at) the radio. 6. This dress is made (of/from) silk. 43. Choose the corect form out of the two given in brackets. 1. Mary is the student with black (hair/hairs) who lives in our mansion. 2. Did you have a good (travel/journey) from London? 3. Dont forget to buy (a bread/some bread) when coming back home. 4. Id like to take some notes, have you got (a paper/some paper)? 5. There (is/are) a lot of (traffic/traffics) in the city at the peak hours. 6. He is trying hard to find a (work/job) at present, but, Im afraid, there (isnt/arent) much (work/works) availabe. 7. (Is/are) good (accommodation/accommodations) easy to find in your town? 8. Ive got a problem and I need some (advice/advices). 9. I like the (furniture/furnitures) in your room. 10. Some (information/informations) you can give us, about the hotels in London (is/are) useful. 11. My (luggage/luggages) (is/are) on the platform. 12. The (news/new) (is/are) depressing.