Phn 1: Lm quen vi phn mm ArcGIS

Gii thiu phn mm ArcGIS Arcgis Desktop l g?

Arcgis Desktop l mt sn phm ca Vin Nghin cu h thng mi trng (ESRI) . C th ni y l mt phn mm v Gis hon thin nht. Arcgis cho php ngi s dng thc hin nhng chc nng ca Gis bt c ni no h mun: trn mn hnh, my ch, trn web, trn cc field Phn mm Arcgis Desktop bao gm 3 ng dng chnh sau:

ArcMap

- ArcMap xy dng, hin th, x l v phn tch cc bn + to cc bn t cc rt nhiu cc loi d liu khc nhau + truy vn d liu khng gian tm kim v hiu mi lin h gia cc i tng khng gian + to cc biu + hin th trang in n

ArcCatolog

- ArcCatalog: dng lu tr, qun l hoc to mi cc d liu a l + to mi mt c s d liu + explore v tm kim d liu + xc nh h thng to cho c s d liu

ArcToolbox
- ArcToolbox: cung cp cc cng c x l, xut-nhp cc d liu t cc nh dng khc nh MapInfo, MicroStation, AutoCad

Thc hnh m, hin th d liu trong ArcGis Kin thc nn:

- Mi mt bn trong Arcmap c gi l Map document, mt bn c th c mt hay nhiu data frames. Data Frame l mt nhm cc lp (Data layer) cng c hin th trong mt h quy chiu. Mi Data Frame c th c mt h quy chiu ring. Cc Data Frame c hin th ring bit trong ch Data View v c th hin th trong cng mt Layout View. Thng thng, mt bn n gin ch c mt Data Frame v bn cn s dng nhiu Data Frame khi cn in thm mt s bn ph trn 1 mnh bn chnh. Bn (Map document) c ghi trong file c ui l .mxd

- ArcMap c chc nng Project on-the-fly cho php thay i mt cch nhanh chng h quy chiu ca cc Layer. V d nh ta c mt bn trong h to VN-2000 v nu ta thm vo bn 1 lp c xc nh trong h HN-72 th ArrcMap s t ng chuyn tm thi lp v h VN-2000 hin th ng trn bn cng vi cc d liu khc. Bn thn cc tp tin cha lp va thm vo th vn khng thay i, tc l vn trong h HN-72. - Layer l t hp cp cao ca d liu. Mt layer file cha cc ni dung: + ng dn ti d liu (Shapefile, geodatabase..) + cc tham s hin th nh mu sc, lc nt k hiu - Cc Layer c th c to ra t nhiu ngun d liu khc nhau nh: Shape files, personal geodatabase, ArcInfo cover datasets, CAD drawings, SDE databases, photo, image. - D liu lu tr trong ArcGis c lu tr 3 dng: shapefile, coverages, geodatabase.

+ Shape files: lu tr c d liu khng gian ln d liu thuc tnh. Tu thuc vo cc loi i tng khng gian m n lu tr, Shape files s c hin th trong ArcCatolog bng 1 trong 3 biu tng sau: V thc cht shape file khng phi l 1 file m l 5-6 file c tn ging nhau nhng ui kch nhau. 3 file quan trong nht ca shape file l cc file c ui: *.shp cha cc i tng khng gian (Geometry) *.dbf bng thuc tnh *.shx ch s lin kt i tng vi bng thuc tnh *.prj xc nh h quy chiu ca shape file +Coverages: lu tr cc d liu khng gian, thuc tnh v topology. Cc d liu khng gian c hin th dng im, ng, vng v ghi ch. + GeoDatabase: l mt CSDL c cha trong mt file c ui l *.mdb. Khc vi shape file, GeoDatabase cho php lu gi topology ca cc i tng. Cu trc ca GeoDatabase nh sau:

Trong GeoDatabase c 1 hay nhiu Feature Dataset. Feature Dataset l mt nhm cc loi i tng c chung mt h quy chiu v h to . Mt Feature Dataset c th cha mt hay nhiu Feature class. Feature class chnh l n v cha cc i tng khng gian ca
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bn v tng ng vi 1 layer trong Arcmap. Mi Feature class ch cha mt i tng ( polygon vng, line-ng, point-im). Mt Feature class s c gn vi 1 bng thuc tnh (Attribute Table). Khi bn to Feature class th bng thuc tnh cng c t ng to theo.

Thc hnh m, hin th d liu trong ArcGis

I. Lm quen vi phn mm ArcMap

Cc ch hin th
ArcMap cung cp 2 ch hin th: Data View v Layout View + Data View hin th cc ni dung chnh ca bn tc l cc i tng khng gian + Layout View: hin th bn trong ch nh chng ta in ra giy. Ngoi cc i tng bn cn hin th cc yu t trang tr bn nh khung, li to , ch gii thay i ch hin th chn thanh thc n View v chn ch hin th 1. Khi ng Arcmap: chn menu Start > programs > ArcGIS > Arcmap Hoc kch p vo biu tng Desktop. 2. Trn mn hnh xut hin hp thoi ArcMap,la chn chng trnh lm vic ri click Ok mi. A template: m mu c sn An existing map: m mt bn A new empty map: to mt bn trn mn hnh

c. chn ng dn cho bn ta

chn Browse for maps.

3. t cc tham s cho Data Frame

 Trong th mc Table of contents (TOC) ca bn va to c 1 Data frame c tn mc nh l Layers. Data Frame ny hin cn ang rng: t h thng to cho DataFrame Bm chut phi vo ri trong menu hin ra chn Properties Trong hp thoi hin ra bm vo trang Coordinate System

Trong hp thoi Select a coordinate system chn

Predefined> Geographic Coordinate Systems >World > WGS 1984 Bm Apply. T gi tr i bn s c hin th trong h to a l WGS-84. Nu bn thm vo Data Frame (tc l thm vo bn cc d liu trong h quy chiu khc) th chng s c t ng chuyn i v h WGS-84. i tn cho Data Frame Layers v chn n v hin th ta cho n lm cc bc sau:

i tn cho DataFrame
Bm chut phi vo Bm vo trang General Trong Name g WGS84 i tn ca Data Frame Trong Display chn Degrees Minutes Seconds hin th to di dng -pht-giy. ri chn Properties

4. Thm d liu t Shape file v coverage file

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Bm nt Add data

t thanh cng c ca ArcMap hoc kch

chut phi vo Layer bn bng TOC chn Add Data. - chn ng dn cho th mc lm vic - n phm Shift nu mun chn ng thi nhiu lp - Bm Add

5. To mt Data Frame mi
Chn menu Insert > Data Frame xut hin trong TOC.

cc layer ca Data Frame WGS 84 khng hin th trn mn hnh na (do trong ch Data View, ArcMap ch hin th 1 Data Frame trong 1 thi im, l Active Frame tn ca n c vit bng ch m trong TOC). Ta c th chon h quy chiu kch cho New Data Frame ny.

tt New Data Frame cho bt WGS84, trong TOC bm

chut phi vo data frame WGS84 ri chn Activate. New Data Frame s tt i v trn mn hnh s hin ra data frame WGS84 (ch m).

Lm quen vi cc cng c trong ARCMap Thay i t l bn v dch chuyn ca s: Cc cng c hin th bn

Phng to (Zoom in) v thu nh (Zoom out). Phng to/ thu nh theo tm cu mn hnh (Centered zoom) Phng to ht c (Full extent) v dch chuyn (Pan) Tt/bt cc layer

Trong khi xem mt bn , bn c th s dng chc nng bt hay tt mt layer. Mt layer s c tt i khi bn mun th hin mt layer khc hay bn nm ngoi t l layer cho php. Layer ang c th hin trn View Layer ang b tt

 Xem cc thng tin thuc tnh Mi mt Layer u c mt bng thuc tnh i km m t cc i tng ca lp . xem thng tin thuc tnh ca mt i tng no ta c th m bng Attribute Table hay dng cng c Identify Bm vo cng c Identify Bm chut vo i tng cn hin th trn bn Kt qun c hin th trong ca s Identify results Chn i tng (Select a feature) Trc khi lm vic vi mt i tng hay mt nhm i tng no ta cn phi la chn chng. chn i tng ta c th s dng cng c Select a feature hay bng cc hi p query). Vo menu Selection > Set Selectable Layers

Tu theo ch chn c t trong menu Selection > Interactive Selection Method khi ta bm vo i tng no th c th 1) c thm vo danh sch cc i tng c chn 2) Loi khi danh sch 3) Tr thnh i tng c chn duy nht.

 Tm cc i tng c chn Do mn hnh khng th hin th ht c ton b bn nn c mt s i tng no tuy c chn nhng b khut khng nhn thy c. hin th chng ta dng cng c Zoomto Selected. Trong menu Selection > Zoom to Selected

Thay i ch hin th d liu

1. Thay i hin th cho vng - kch chut phi vo lp cn thay i thuc tnh chn Properties - chn Symbology - chn Unique value - chn trng cn thay i hp thoi Value Field - chn Add All Values - kch p chut vo k hiu cn thay i - chn li mu sc, ng vin ca vng - Bm Apply - Bm OK

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2. Thay i ch hin th cho ng - kch chut phi vo lp cn thay i thuc tnh chn Properties - chn Symbology - chn Unique value - chn trng cn thay i hp thoi Value Field - chn Add All Values - kch p chut vo ng cn thay i - chn li mu sc, lc nt ca ng - Bm Apply - Bm OK 3. Thay i ch hin th cho im - kch chut phi vo lp cn thay i thuc tnh chn Properties - chn Symbology - chn Unique value - chn trng cn thay i hp thoi Value Field - chn Add All Values - kch p chut vo k hiu cn thay i - chn li mu sc, kch c, hnh dng ca im - Bm Apply - Bm OK

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4. Gn nhn - kch chut phi vo lp cn thay i thuc tnh chn Properties - chn Label - tch chut vo Label features in this layer - chn trng trong hp thoi Text String - chn phng ch, m, mu sc, kch c ch trong hp Text Symbol - Bm Apply - Bm OK M bng thuc tnh (Attribute table) Mi mt lp c mt bng thuc tnh lin kt vi n m t cc i tng trong lp . m mt bng thuc tnh ta lm theo cc bc sau: Bt lp layer bng cch nh du vung nh cnh n trong TOC Bm chut phi vo lp Trong menu hin ra chn Open Attribute Table

Bng thuc tnh s c m

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Thc hnh mt s lnh tm kim, chn la i tng trong ArcGis lnh truy vn hi - p (Queries) Bn trong ArcGis cha ng mt khi lng ln thng tin. Tuy nhin, bn khng tr nn qu phc tp khi s dng khng phi tt c cc thng tin ny c th hin trc quan trn bn . Arcgis c mt s cng c khai thc cc thng tin : cng c Identify tr li cu hi l ci g, cng c Query tm cc i tng tho mn 1 hay nhiu iu kin no hay phn tch d liu.

1. La chn theo thuc tnh ca i tng

+t thanh thc n Selection chn Select by Attributes hoc ta chn t Option ca bng thuc tnh + chn trng cn la chn hp Fields + chn php tnh ca cu lnh + chn gi tr gn cho trng + Bm Apply cc i tng c chn s c hin th mu xanh

Cc i tng c chn s c mu xanh da tri. Bn c th thay i mu mc nh ny qua ng dn Selection > Option Nu mun bn c th ghi cc i tng c chn thnh mt layer mi hay xut d liu (export) thnh mt shape field khc. Trong bng thuc tnh bn c th ch hin th cc i tng c chn. lm c iu hy bm vo nt Selected nh hnh v di y:

2. La chn theo v tr v mi quan h v khng

gian gia cc i tng

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Trong phn trn chng ta nghin cu cch chn v tm cc i tng theo thuc tnh ca chng. Trong phn ny chng ta s nghin cu v cch chn i tng theo cc quan h khng gian ca chng. Chng hn nh tm im, ng v vng nm gn hay ct ngang cc i tng mt layeer khc. chn cc i tng da theo v tr a l v mi lin h v khng gian gia chng c th s dng cng c Select by Location menu Selection

Mt s mi quan h khng gian s dng trong cng c Select by Location Intersect: Chn cc i tng giao nhau vi cc i tng cc layer khc Are within a distance of: Chn cc i tng nm cch cc i tng layer khc trong phm vi khong cch cho trc. i vi ng v vng th khong cch c tnh theo cnh gn nht hoc tm ca chng. Complate contain: Chn cc i tng cha cc i tng mt layer khc.
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 Are complate within: Chn cc i tng nm bn trong cc i tng mt layer khc Have their centre in: Chn cc i tng c im trng tm bn trong cc i tng mt layer khc Share a line segment with: Chn cc i tng c cng chung cnh hay nh vi i tng mt layer khc Are identical to: Chn cc i tng c hnh dng, kch thc v v tr ging nh cc i tng cho trc Are containted by: Chn cc i tng nm trong cc i tng ca Layer khc. Khc vi phng php Are complate within, cc i tng tip xc vi ng bao c chn. Are crossed by the outline of another feature : y l phng pahsp chn cc i tng b ct bi ng bao ca cc i tng layer khc. V d sau m t cho cc phng php chn i tng theo quan h khng gian ca chng. Gi thit rng trn bn ca chng ta c 2 lp Layer 1 v Layer 2. Layer 1 c 6 i tng l A1 F1, Layer 2 c 1 i tng duy nht M_2 (M_2 c ng bao m) Nu chng ta a ra lnh: Select feature from Layer 1 that . The feature in Layer 2

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Th tu vo phng php chn ta c cc kt qu trong bng sau ( du X c ngha l i tng s c chn).

3. To mi cc i tng
- chn thc n Tools - Editor ToolBar hoc View - Tool- Editor

- Bm vo nt Editor ri chn Start Editing bt u bin tp - Bm tip vo nt Editor ri chn Snap Option trong ca s hin ra nh du tt c cc ct Vertex chn ch bt im vo nh ca cc ng v vng.

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- chn cc cng c trong biu tng trong CSDL. II. Lm quen vi phn mm ArcCatalog

v cc i tng. Sau

khi v xong i tng chn lnh End Sketch th cc i tng mi c

1. Khi ng ArcCatalog:
c 2 cch khi ng ArcCatalog Cch 1: khi ng t biu tng ca mn hnh Cch 2: chn Start ArcCatalog 2. Cc ch hin th ArcCatalog cung cp 3 cch xem d liu l: Contents, Preview, Metadata view. Ch Contents view - Chn Contents - tt c cc d liu c hin th di dng cy th mc hay cc biu tng Ch Preview - chn Preview - d liu c hin th di dng bn nu ta chn Geography trong hp thoi Preview hay di dng bng nu chn Table - c th dng trn Program ArcGis

thc n phng to, thu nh, xem thuc tnh i tng + trong ch Metadata View d liu c hin th dng metadata tc l cc thng tin m t khc nhau v d liu nh h quy chiu, thi gian v phng php thu thp 3. To mi d liu
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To mt GeoDatabase - chn ng dn cha GeoDatabase - kch chut phi vo ch bt k trn mn hnh - Chn New - chn Personal GeoDatabase - nh tn cho GeoDatabase To mi mt Feature Dataset - chn ng dn cha Feature Dataset - kch chut phi vo ch bt k trn mn hnh - Chn New - chn Feature Dataset - nh tn cho Feature Dataset trong hp Name - Chn Edit t h thng to xut hin hp thoi - Chn Select sau la chn h thng to - Bm Apply - Bm OK

III. Khi ng ArcToolBox

Khi ng Arc Toolbox Cch 1: m ArcCatalog sau tch chut vo phm Cch 2: m ArcMap sau tch chut vo phm ArcToolbox cung cp cc thanh cng c chnh sa d liu: nh xut nhp sang cc khun dng d liu, chng xp cc lp, xo cc i tng

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Bi tp:
Khi ng ArcMap thm cc lp 01-dc01_dgn_Polygon, 01dc01_dgn_Point, 01-dc01_dgn_Annotation, 01gt03_dgn_Polygon, 01-gt03_dgn_Polyline vo trong bn - i mu lp 18 ca gt03_dgn_Polyline sang mu 10 v chn kiu ng Colector Street Tm kim tt c cc i tng trong lp 01dc01_dgn_Polygon c din tch nh hn 100m - Xem thuc tnh ca 1 vng va chn c - la chn tt c cc i tng lp 01-dc01_dgn_Polygon cha cc i tng lp 01-gt03_dgn_Polyline

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Phn 2:

Lm vic vi d liu bng trong ArcGis

M bng thuc tnh ca lp - kch chut phi vo lp cn hin bng thuc tnh - chn Open Atribute Tables s hin th bng thuc tnh nh bn - chn All nu mun hin th tt c cc bng ghi. Chn selected nu ch mun hin th cc bng ghi la chn t Font v kch thc ch cho bng - chn Options > Appearance - chn Font ch trong mi tn cun ca hp thoi Table Font - chn kch thc ch v mu sc trong mi tn cun ca hp thoi Table Font Size and Color - Bm OK

t Font ch v mu sc ch mc nh cho tt c cc bng - chn thc n Tools - chn Option - Chn thanh Tables - chn Font ch, mu sc v kch thc ch trong mi tn cun - Bm OK

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 Di chuyn ti mt bng ghi c th - m bng thuc tnh - nh s ca bng ghi mun di chuyn ti - n Enter

Xem tt c cc bng ghi hoc xem bng ghi c la chn - m bng thuc tnh - Chn All nu xem tt c cc bng - chn Selected nu ch xem cc bng ghi c la chn
Tm cc bng ghi vi gi tr thuc tnh c th

mt

ghi

- kch chut vo phn trn ca cha ch mun tm kim - Chn Option - chn Find and Replace - nh gi tr thuc tnh cn tm - chn kiu tm kim trong mi cun Text Match - Chn Find Next - Bm Cancel

ct

tn

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Sp xp cc Record theo mt th t nht nh

- kch chut tri vo pha trn ct cn sp xp nu mun sp xp nhiu trng n ng thi phm Ctrl - chn Sort Ascending nu mun sp xp theo chiu tng dn - chn Sort Descending nu mun sp xp theo chiu gim dn La chn theo thuc tnh +t thanh thc n Selection chn Select by Attributes hoc ta chn t Option ca bng thuc tnh + chn trng cn la chn Fields + chn php tnh ca cu lnh + chn gi tr gn cho trng + Bm Apply cc i tng c chn s c hin th mu xanh tnh - chn Select All Xo cc la chn chn - Chn Options trong bng thuc tnh - Chn Clear Selection
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hp

La chn tt c cc bng ghi

- chn Options trong bng thuc

Xut bng ghi

- chn Option - chn Export - la chn kiu xut theo bng la chn hay tt c cc bng ghi tn cun Export - kch chut vo ng dn cho bng - nh tn cho bng ghi v chn Save - Bm OK Tnh tng ca d liu trong mt trng - kch chut vo phn trn ca cn tnh tng chn Sumarize - chn trng cn tnh mi tn cun 1 - chn cc phng php tnh ca ng mi tn cun 2 - chn ng dn v tn ca bng xut nt - chn OK - chn Yes nu a bng ghi xut c vo bn ang m trct chn ghi mi

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 Thc hin php tnh trong mt trng - kch chut vo Edit chn Start Editing - m bng thuc tnh ca lp thc hin php tnh - kch chut phi phn trn ct cn tnh gi tr chn Caculate Values - s dng Fields v Functions nh trc tip - chn OK Thng k d liu trong mt trng - kch chut phi vo phn trn ca trng cn thng k - chn Statistics - S liu thng k s hin bng bn To mi trng - kch chut vo thc n Option trong bng thuc tnh chn Add Field.. - nhp tn trng mi vo hp thoi Name, kiu d liu trong thoi Type, nhp rng cho trtrong hp thoi Field Properties
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cn ca

thnh lp cu lnh i vi nhng cu lnh n gin c th

hp ng

- Bm OK Xo trng - kch chut tri vo pha trn trng cn xo - kch chut phi v chn Delete Field Thm mt Records mi - kch chut vo Edit chn Start Editing - m bng thuc tnh cn thm - di chut xung bng ghi cui - nh thm cc thuc tnh trong tng ct Xo mt Record - chn Record cn xo - Bm phm Delete trn bn phm Gn nhp hai bng thuc tnh thnh mt VD: gn kt d liu trong file b7_th05 (file ch).sh v b7_th09(file ngun) - kch chut phi vo lp b7_th05 chn Join - chn lin kt theo thuc tnh Join attribute from a table - chn trng s dng lin kt - chn file ngun - chn trng ca file ngun lin kt - Bm OK - Khi trong bng d liu ca file b7_th05 , ngoi cc field c sn (ObjectID, Shape, Maloai,Shape_length) s xut
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hin thm cc field ca file b7_th09 . Ch , cc trng mi ny ch mang tnh cht hin th, khng lu tr trong c s d liu ca file b7_th05. - mun lu tr thm trng no ca file b7_th09 ta phi to thm trng mi.

Thc hnh:Thm trng rng vo trong b7_th05 - to trng mi c thuc tnh c tn Dorong, kiu ShortInteger v c rng l 5 - tnh ton Caculate.. t s liu ca b7_th09 - chn Stop Editing lu d liu - xo d liu lin kt chn Join>chn Remove Join Bi tp v nh M bng thuc tnh ca lp b7_tv03 - trong trng Noidung nhp thm cc cn thiu l trm - Xa trng Cochu, Gocquay - Thm trng Maloai dng ShortInteger v rng l 5 -Tnh ton gi tr thuc tnh cho trng Maloai theo trng Nidung nh sau: Noidung Vn quc gia U Minh Thng ma Bch n Xoi, i, mn c, trm Malo ai 752 7533 7532 7531 7534

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Phn 3: Lm vic vi Map Projection trong ArcGIS

3.1. La chn php chiu cho bn . 1) La chn li chiu bn .
Bm chut phi vo Data Frame m bn mun xc nh li chiu La chn Properties Trn hp thoi Data Frame Properties chn Coordinate System Bm chut vo Predefined La chn php chiu m bn mun biu th n ok Sau khi bn la chn php chiu th tt c cc layer trong Data Frame s c biu th theo li chiu .

2) Thay i thng s ca h to
Bm chut phi vo Data Frame m bn mun xc nh li chiu 27

La chn Properties Trn hp thoi Data Frame Properties chn Coordinate System Bm chut vo Modify Ban c th thay i cc thng s ca li chiu trn hp thoi Projected Coordinate System Properties Sau bm ok Tip tc bm ok trn hp thoi Data Frame Properties

3) La chn n v di
Khi bn mun tnh ton khong cch gia cc im hay xc nh v tr ca mt im trn bn , bn cn phi la chn n v o. Bn c th thay i n v o bi s thay i h to Bm chut phi vo Data Frame m bn mun xc nh li chiu La chn Properties Bm chut vo thanh General Bm chut vo thanh Map v la chn n v ph hp Bm chut vo thanh Display v la chn n v ph hp La chn OK

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Phn 4: S ho bn qut trong ArcGis

Cc cng c s ho i tng

+ Sketch Tools: v im, ng hoc vng + Intersect Tools: cho php to mt nh t giao ca 2 i tng khc + Tangent Curve tool: v mt cung vi im bt u l im cui ca mt on thng + Arc Tool: v cung + Midpoint Tool: chn im bt u l im gia ca 2 im khc + End point ArcTool: + Distance Distance Tool: cho php to mt im hoc mt nh t khong cch ca 2 i tng khc - chn im th nht - n phm D xc nh bn knh ca vng trn th nht

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- chn im th hai - n phm D xc nh chnh xc bn knh ca vng trn th hai - giao ca 2 vng trn l im cn xc nh - chn cng c v khc v tip i tng + Direction Distance Tool: cho php to mt im hoc mt nh theo hng ca i tng th 1 vi khong cch vi i tng th 2 - chn im th nht - n phm R xc nh hng ca ng thng - chn im th hai - n phm D xc nh chnh xc bn knh ca vng trn - giao ca ng thng v vng trn l im cn xc nh - chn cng c v khc v tip i tng + Trace: To mt i tng theo hng ca mt i tng c v Cc phng php nhp im - Absolute X,Y: nhp theo to tuyt i ca im - Delta X, Y: nhp theo to tng i ca im ny so vi im khc - Direction/Length: nhp theo hng v di - Parallel: ly theo hng song song - Defection: t gc c nh theo mt cnh ang v - Length: t theo chiu di c nh Bi tp: s dng cc thanh cng c v hnh sau:

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1. To li km

- Ni 4 im gc khung to thnh 4 cnh ca khung. - Copy cc cnh ca khung to thnh cc ng li Km trong khung.
V khung li km c To ca 4 im gc khung nh sau xy=542500,313500

xy=543000,313500 xy=543000,313000 xy=542500,313000

2. Nn bn M cng c nn nh - Vo thc n Tools > Customizes>Toolbars>Georeferencing M file nh cn nn - Kch chut phi vo biu tng - chn Add Data

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- Tm ng dn cho file nh - Bm Add - hin th nh ng hng chn Georeferencing> Flip or Rotate + Rotate Right: quay nh theo chiu phi + Rotate Left: quay nh theo chiu tri + Flip Horizontal: + Flip Vertical: - chn Fit to Display hin th nh va mn hnh Nn nh - Vo thc n Tools > Customizes>Toolbars>Georeferencing - m li km to - kch chut vo biu tng im nn - kch vo biu tng xem sai s nn nh. Kt qu hin th bng bn - Bm Save lu kt qu nn - Chn ng dn cho File kt qu - t tn cho File kt qu v chn OK - Bm OK 3. S ho cc i tng trn nn nh M file nh nn - Kch chut phi vo biu tng - chn Add Data - Tm ng dn cho file nh nn - kch chut vo biu tng Georeferencing - chn Load - Bm OK Vector ho i tng dng ng trn thanh cng c thm

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- trong mi tn cun ca hp thoi Target chn lp cha i tng dng ng - kch chut vo Editor chon Start Editing - chn mt trong cc thanh cng c s ho s ho cc i tng dng ng - Nhp thng tin thuc tnh cho cc i tng theo bng sau
Name Type

Width 30 30 9

Precision 0 0 3

Ten duong Loai duong Chieudai

String String Number

Vector ho i tng dng vng - trong mi tn cun ca hp thoi Target chn lp cha i tng dng vng - kch chut vo Editor chn Start Editing - chn mt trong cc thanh cng c s ho s ho cc i tng dng vng Vector ho i tng dng im - trong mi tn cun ca hp thoi Target chn lp cha i tng dng im - kch chut vo Editor chn Start Editing - chn mt trong cc thanh cng c s ho s ho cc i tng dng im 4. Cc cng c chnh sa d liu ho Ct ng thng thnh cc phn - chn i tng cn ct - chn - chn v tr trn ng cn tch Ct ng thng theo khong cch hoc t l xc nh
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- chn thanh Edit tool - chn vo ng thng cn ct - chn Editor > Split - chn Distance along the line nu mun ct theo khong cch xc nh - chn Percentage of the line length nu ct theo t l phn trm - nh vo gi tr khong cch hoc t l phn trm - chn From Start Point of Line nu ct i tng t im u - chn From End Point of Line nu ct i tng t im cui - chn OK Ct mt polygon - chn Edit tool - chn polygon mun ct - trong mi tn xung ca Task chn ch Cut polygon Features - chn Sketch tool v ng hoc vng lm c s chia vng va chn - kch chut phi vo bt k im no trn mn hnh - chn Finish Sketch Ct on thng c mt di nht nh t im cui - chn chc nng Modify Feature trong mi tn ca Task - chn Edit tool - chn ng thng mun ct - kch chut phi vo bt c phn no ca ng chn Trim to Length - nh vo chiu di mi ca ng - chn Finish Sketch Ct/ ko di da vo mt ng c v - Chn Extend/Trim Features trong thanh cun xung ca Task - chn Edit tool

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- chn mt ng hoc nhiu ng mun ct - chn Sketch tool v ng mi - kch chut phi chn Finish Sketch t im dc theo mt ng thng - chn Edit tool - chn ng mun chia - chn lp mun cha im c t trong thanh cun xung ca hp thoi Target - chn Editor > Divede - chn Place v nh s im s c t trn ng chn - chn OK Thay i nh ca ng hoc vng - chn Reshape Feature trong mi tn ca hp thoi Task - chn Edit tool - chn i tng mun thay i - chn Sketch tool - v 1 ng da theo cch mun thay i nh ca i tng - kch chut phi vo ch bt k mn hnh chn Finish Sketch Thm nh ca mt ng hoc vng - chn Modify Feature trong mi tn cun ca hp thoi Task - chn Edit tool - chn ung hoc vng mun thm nh - kch chut phi chn Insert Vertex - chn Finish Sketch Xo nh ca ng hoc vng - chn Modify Feature trong mi tn cun ca hp thoi Task - chn Edit tool - chn ng hoc vng mun xo nh mt cun

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- a chut n nh cn xo - kch chut phi chn Delete Vertex - chn Finish Sketch Ko nh ca ng hoc vng - chn Modify Feature trong mi tn cun ca hp thoi Task - chn Edit tool - chn ng hoc vng mun thay i nh - a chut n nh cn xo v ko ra v tr mi - chn Finish Di chuyn nh n mt to xc nh - chn Modify Feature trong mi tn cun ca hp thoi Task - chn Edit tool - chn ng hoc vng mun di chuyn nh - a chut n nh cn di chuyn - kch chut phi chn Move to - nh gi tr to mi cho nh - chn Finish Sketch Di chuyn nh theo v tr tng i ca n - chn Modify Feature trong mi tn cun ca hp thoi Task - chn Edit tool - chn ng hoc vng mun di chuyn nh - a chut n nh cn di chuyn - kch chut phi chn Move - nh gi tr tng i x, y ca nh mi so vi nh c - chn Finish Sketch Thm mt nh gia mt on c - chn chut phi vo on cn thm nh chn Properties - chn nh thm nh vo trc n - kch chut phi vo nh chn chn Insert Before 5. Chnh sa d liu thuc tnh - chn lp thng tin cn chnh sa - m bng thuc tnh - chn Editor v chn Start Editing
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- chn vo cn thay i - chn Save Edit lu li kt qu va chnh sa Nhp d liu t cc phn mm khc vo ArcGis ARCGis tng thch vi cc nh dng sau: - Cc nh dng CAD: *.dwg, *.dxf ca AutoCAD, *.dgn ca Microstation. - nh dng *.tab ca MapInfo - File text cha to X, Y ca cc i tng dng im thay i nh dng ca cc d liu khc ta s dng cc thanh cng c ca ArcToolBox chuyn i. Khi chuyn d liu t cc file nh dng khc sang ArcGis ta cn phi chuyn ln lt tng loi i tng vo ring tng shapefile hay feature class M mt file *.dgn hoc *.dxf - chn Add Data - chn ng dn ca file - chn OK Chuyn nh dng t file *.dgn hoc *.dxf sang dng *.shp khi ng phn mm ArcToolbox - chn Conversion Tools > To Shapefile> Shapefile - chn file dgn cn thay i trong thanh Browse ca hp thoi Input Features - chn ng dn ca shapefile trong thanh Browse ca hp thoi Output Folder - bm OK Feature Class To

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Phn 5: Cc chc nng truy vn, o c v chng xp khng gian

1. Cc chc nng o c khng gian t n v hin th gi tr o c - kch chut phi vo Layer chn tab General - chn n v cho bn v n v hin th cho bn trong hp thoi Uiits - chn Apply - chn OK o c i tng ng - S dng cng c o khong cch - chn cng c trn thanh cng c Tools - chn im u v im cui ca on thng cn o - kt qu c hin th thanh trng thi pha di - trong : segment: gi tr chiu di on cui cng total:gi tr tng chiu di 2. Chc nng truy vn khng gian Truy vn theo d liu ha - chn Result Truy vn theo thng tin thuc tnh - khi ng phn mm ArcToolbox - chn Extract - chn Select - chn ng dn cho File ngun bng thanh Browse ca hp thoi Input Feature - chn ng dn cho File xut bng thanh Browse ca hp thoi Output Feature
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trong hp thoi Tools

- kt qu truy vn s c hin th trong bng Identify

- Xy dng cu lnh SQL - cc i tng tho mn yu cu c hin th trong file Output Cc truy vn da trn cc mi quan h khng gian Mt s mi quan h khng gian s dng trong cng c Select by Location Intersect: Chn cc i tng giao nhau vi cc i tng cc layer khc Are within a distance of: Chn cc i tng nm cch cc i tng layer khc trong phm vi khong cch cho trc. i vi ng v vng th khong cch c tnh theo cnh gn nht hoc tm ca chng. Complate contain: Chn cc i tng cha cc i tng mt layer khc. Are complate within: Chn cc i tng nm bn trong cc i tng mt layer khc Have their centre in: Chn cc i tng c im trng tm bn trong cc i tng mt layer khc Share a line segment with: Chn cc i tng c cng chung cnh hay nh vi i tng mt layer khc Are identical to: Chn cc i tng c hnh dng, kch thc v v tr ging nh cc i tng cho trc Are containted by: Chn cc i tng nm trong cc i tng ca Layer khc. Khc vi phng php Are complate within, cc i tng tip xc vi ng bao c chn. Are crossed by the outline of another feature : y l phng pahsp chn cc i tng b ct bi ng bao ca cc i tng layer khc. V d sau m t cho cc phng php chn i tng theo quan h khng gian ca chng. Gi thit rng trn bn ca chng ta c 2 lp Layer 1 v Layer 2. Layer 1 c 6 i tng l A1

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 F1, Layer 2 c 1 i tng duy nht M_2 (M_2 c ng bao m) Nu chng ta a ra lnh: Select feature from Layer 1 that . The feature in Layer 2

Th tu vo phng php chn ta c cc kt qu trong bng sau ( du X c ngha l i tng s c chn).

3. Chc nng chng xp Chng xp khng gian s dng chc nng INTERSECT

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Giao nhau gia cc i tng trn 2 lp khc nhau to thnh nhiu i tng mi c tt c cc thuc tnh ca 2 layer Chng xp khng gian s dng chc nng UNION Giao nhau gia cc i tng trn 2 lp khc nhau to thnh nhiu i tng mi (nh hn) c tt c cc thuc tnh ca 2 layer - khi ng ArcToolbox - chn Analysist tool>Overlay>Union - chn file u vo trong mi tn cun ca hp thoi Input feature - chn file u ra bng thanh Browse ca hp thoi Output Feature - chn OK S dng chc nng DISSOLVE chp cc i tng k nhau c cng chung mt thuc tnh no thnh tng duy nht - khi ng ArcToolbox - chn DataManagement tool> Generalization>Disslove - chn file u vo trong mi tn cun ca hp thoi Input feature - chn file u ra bng thanh Browse ca hp thoi Output Feature - chn trng thuc tnh trong hp thoi Dissolve Fields - chn OK S dng chc nng MERGE Chp 2 hay nhiu lp bn thnh mt lp duy nht. Cc thuc tnh c chung trong tt c cc layers u s c gi nguyn. vo i

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- chn 2 i tng cn Merge - vo thc n Editor - chn Merge Chc nng to Buffer - chn Proximity > chn Buffer - chn ng dn cho file cn to vng m ca thanh Browse hp

thoi Input Features - chn ng dn cho file cha vng m thanh Browse ca hp thoi Output Feature class - chn n v v rng khong m trong hp thoi Linear unit Ct Clip Ct cc i tng ca Input layer ch gi li phn nm trong ng bao ca cc i tng Clip layer - chn Extract > chn Clip - chn ng dn cho file cha tng s c ct - chn ng dn cho file cha tng ct - chn ng dn cho file cha qu - bm OK kt i i

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Phn 7: Trnh by in bn hnh chnh

1. Chun b d liu 2. Chun b nn c s ton hc cho trang trnh by bin tp 3. Bin tp cc i tng dng im 4. Bin tp cc i tng dng ng 5. Bin tp cc i tng dng vng 6. Gn nhn cc ch ghi ch 7. To trang in v bin tp trn trang in Chuyn sang trang in - Vo View chn Layout View Cch to trang in v la chn kh giy - Kch chut phi vo trang in - chn Page and Print setup - chn my in trong mi tn ca hp thoi Printer Setup - chn kh giy trong hp thoi Paper

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- chn n v trong hp thoi Page - chn OK

Bin tp bn in - t t l cho bn in - To khung ngoi cho bn in Kch chut phi vo Data Frame chn Properties - chn tab Frame - kch vo mi tn ca hp thoi Border chn khung cho bn in - chn mu nn trong hp thoi Background - chn mu nh bng trong hp thoi Drop Shadow - chn Apply Bin tp tn bn Bin tp thc t l - Vo thc n Insert chn Scale Bar - chn kiu thc t l c sn Bin tp k hiu ch hng Bin tp bng ch gii Bin tp bng biu v th In bn using ArcMap

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