Phone numbers are considered

A
Numeric fields
B
Data fields
C
Relational fields
D
Alpha fields
Answer D
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Batch processing is appropriate if
A
A large computer system is available
B
Only a small computer system is available
C
Only few transactions are involved
D
None of these
Answer D
___________________________________________________________________________________________
_______is a program or set of program that interacts with the database at some point in its execution
A
A database system
B
A database application
C
Both
D
None
Answer B
___________________________________________________________________________________________
The column of a table is referred to as the
A
Tuple
B
Attribute
C
Entity
D
Degree
Answer B
___________________________________________________________________________________________
The DBMS language component which can be embedded in a program is
A
The data definition language
B
The data manipulation language
C
The database administrator
D
A query language
Answer B
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Which of the following is an advantage of view?
A
Data security
B
Derived columns
C
Hiding of complex queries
D
All of the above
Answer D
___________________________________________________________________________________________

DML is provided for

A
Description of logical structure of database
B
Addition of new structures in the database system
C
Manipulation & processing of database
D
Definition of physical structure of database system
Answer C
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Network models are complicated by physical keys but the relation model is
A
Faster because it uses logical keys
B
Faster because it uses physical keys
C
Slower because it uses physical keys
D
Slower because it uses logical keys
Answer A
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Which normal form is considered adequate for relational database design?
A
2NF
B
3NF
C
4NF
D
BCNF
Answer B
___________________________________________________________________________________________
The RDBMS terminology for a row is
A
Tuple
B
Relation
C
Attribute
D
Degree
Answer A
A form can be used to
A
Modify records
B
Delete records
C
Format printed output
D
All of these
Answer D
___________________________________________________________________________________________
A subschema expresses
A
The logical view
B
The physical view
C
The external view
D
All of the above.
Answer C
___________________________________________________________________________________________

In a Hierarchical model records are organized as

A
Graph
B
List
C
Links
D
Tree
Answer D
___________________________________________________________________________________________
The hierarchical database is implemented as
A
Table
B
Array
C
List
D
Tree
Answer D
___________________________________________________________________________________________
What is Granularity ?
A
The size of database
B
The size of data item
C
The size of record
D
The size of file
Answer B
___________________________________________________________________________________________
NULL is
A
The same as 0 for integer
B
The same as blank for character
C
The same as 0 for integer and blank for character
D
Not a value
Answer D
___________________________________________________________________________________________
The database administration function includes
A
Application programming
B
Computer operations management
C
Database access planning
D
All of the above
Answer C
___________________________________________________________________________________________
An advantage of the database management approach is
A
Data is dependent on programs
B
Data redundancy increases
C
Data is integrated and can be accessed by multiple programs
D
None of the above
Answer C
___________________________________________________________________________________________

The distinguishable parts of a record are called

A
Data
B
Files
C
Fields
D
All of these
Answer C
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Which of the following is a low level operator?
A
Insert
B
Update
C
Delete
D
Directory
Answer D
A logical schema
A
Is the entire database
B
Is a standard way of organizing information into accessible parts
C
Describes how data is actually stored on disk
D
Both (A) and (C)
Answer A
___________________________________________________________________________________________
The users who use easy-to-use menu are called
A
Sophisticated end users
B
Nave users
C
Stand-alone users
D
Casual end users
Answer B
___________________________________________________________________________________________
In the architecture of a database system external level is the
A
Physical level
B
Logical level
C
Conceptual level
D
View level
Answer B
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Goals for the design of the logical schema include
A
Avoiding data inconsistency
B
Being able to construct queries easily
C
Being able to access data efficiently
D
All of the above
Answer D
___________________________________________________________________________________________

The language used in application programs to request data from the DBMS is referred to as the
A
DML
B
DDL
C
VDL
D
SDL
Answer A
___________________________________________________________________________________________
The method in which records are physically stored in a specified order according to a key field in each
record is
A
Hash
B
Direct
C
Sequential
D
All of the above
Answer A
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Key to represent relationship between tables is called
A
Primary key
B
Secondary Key
C
Foreign Key
D
None of these
Answer C
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Every BCNF decomposition is
A
Dependency preserving
B
Not dependency preserving
C
Need be dependency preserving
D
None of these
Answer C
___________________________________________________________________________________________
A data model is a collection of conceptual tools for describing
A
Data and data relationships
B
Data semantics and consistency constraints
C
Data,data relationship,data semantics and consistency constraints
D
None of the above
Answer C
___________________________________________________________________________________________
A window into a portion of a database is
A Schema
B
View
C
Query
D Data dictionary
Answer B

A _____ DBMS distributes data processing tasks between the workstation and a network server.
A
Network
B
Relational
C
Client Server
D
Hierarchical
Answer C
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Architecture of the database can be viewed as
A
Two levels
B
Four levels
C
Three levels
D
One level
Answer C
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Which of the following database object does not physically exist?
A
Base table
B
Index
C
View
D
None of the above
Answer C
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Atomicity is ensured by the component
A
Observable external writer
B
Transaction management component
C
Recovery management component
D
Concurrency control component
Answer B
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Which of the following is type of DBMS software?
A
Database manipulation language
B
Query language
C
Utilities
D
All of these
Answer D
___________________________________________________________________________________________
DBMS helps achieve
A
Data independence
B
Centralized control of data
C
Neither (A) nor (B)
D
Both (A) and (B)
Answer D
___________________________________________________________________________________________

Which of the following is not characteristic of a relational database model?

A
Tables
B
Tree like structure
C
Complex logical relationships
D
None of the above
Answer B
___________________________________________________________________________________________
The way a particular application views the data from the database that the application uses is a
A
Module
B
Relational model
C
Schema
D
Sub schema
Answer D
___________________________________________________________________________________________
It is better to use files than a DBMS when there are
A
Stringent real-time requirements
B
Multiple users wish to access the data
C
Complex relationships among data
D
All of the above
Answer B
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Managers salary details are hidden from the employee.This is
A Conceptual level data hiding
B Physical level data hiding
C External level data hiding
D None of the above
Answer C
Conceptual design
A Is a documentation technique
B Needs data volume and processing frequencies to determine the size of the database
C Involves modelling independent of the DBMS
D Is designing the relational model
Answer C
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Data independence means
A
Data is defined separately and not included in programs
B
Programs are not dependent on the physical attributes of data
C
Programs are not dependent on the logical attributes of data
D
Both (B) and (C)
Answer D
___________________________________________________________________________________________

The logical data structure with one to many relationship is a

A
Network
B
Chain
C
Tree
D
All of these
Answer C
___________________________________________________________________________________________
The DBMS that is most difficult to use is ________ .
A
Microsoft s SQL Server
B
Microsoft s Access
C
IBM s DB2
D
Oracle Corporation s Oracle
Answer D
___________________________________________________________________________________________
The method of access which uses key transformation is known as
A
Direct
B
Hash
C
Random
D
Sequential
Answer B
___________________________________________________________________________________________
A primary key is combined with a foreign key creates
A
Parent-Child relation ship between the tables that connect them
B
Many to many relationship between the tables that connect them
C
Network model between the tables that connect them
D
None of the above
Answer A
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Goals for the design of the logical schema include
A
Being able to access data efficiently
B
Being able to construct queries easily
C
Avoiding data in consistency
D
All of the above
Answer D
___________________________________________________________________________________________

Match the following :

(1) Determinants
(a) No attribute can be added
(2) Candidate key
(b) Uniquely identified a row
(3) Non-redundancy
(c) A constraint between two attribute
(4) Functional dependency (d) Group of attributes on the left
hand side of arrow of function dependency.
A
1 d, 2 b, 3 a, 4 c
B
2 d, 3 a, 1 b, 4 c
C
4 a, 3 b, 2 c, 1 d
D
3 a, 4 b, 1 c, 2 d
Answer A
___________________________________________________________________________________________
The database environment has all of the following components except
A
Users
B
Separate files
C
Database
D
Database administrator
Answer A
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Internal auditors should review data system design before they are
A
Implemented
B
Developed
C
Modified
D
All of these
Answer D
Which one of the following statements is false?
A The data dictionary is normally maintained by the database administrator
B Data elements in the database can be modified by changing the data dictionary
C The data dictionary contains the name and description of each data element
D The data dictionary is a tool used exclusively by the database administrator
Answer B
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Data item characteristics that are important in data management include
A
Width
B
Language
C
Spelling
D
All of these
Answer A
___________________________________________________________________________________________

Related fields in a database are grouped to form a

A
Data file
B
Data record
C
Menu
D
Bank
Answer B
___________________________________________________________________________________________
In SQL the ALTER TABLE SPACE command is used
A
To add/rename data files
B
To change storage characteristics
C
To take a table space online/offline
D
None of the above
Answer D
___________________________________________________________________________________________
The modify operation is likely to be done after
A
Delete
B
Look up
C
Insert
D
None of these
Answer B
___________________________________________________________________________________________
The database schema is written in
A
HLL
B
DML
C
DDL
D
DCL
Answer C
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Which of the following is not a logical data-base structure?
A
Tree
B
Relational
C
Network
D
Chain
Answer D
___________________________________________________________________________________________
ODBC stands for
A
Object Database Connectivity
B
Oral Database Connectivity
C
Oracle Database Connectivity
D
Open Database Connectivity
Answer D
___________________________________________________________________________________________

Two phase protocol in a database management is

A
A concurrency mechanism that is not deadlock free
B
A recovery protocol used for restoring a database after a crash
C
Any update to the system log done in two phases
D
Not effective in database
Answer A
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Which of the following is a serious problem of the management systems?
A
Difficult to update
B
Lack of data independence
C
Data redundancy
D
Program dependence
Answer B
Functional dependencies are a generalization of
A
Key dependencies
B
Relation dependencies
C
Database dependencies
D
None of these
Answer A
___________________________________________________________________________________________
How many primitive operators of relation algebra as proposed by codd
A
2
B
3
C
4
D
6
Answer D
___________________________________________________________________________________________
The overall description of a database is called______
A
Data definition
B
Data manipulation
C
Data integrity
D
Database schema
Answer D
___________________________________________________________________________________________
A report generator is used to
A
Update files
B
Print files on paper
C
Data entry
D
All of the above
Answer B
___________________________________________________________________________________________

Which data management language component enabled the DBA to define the schema components ?
A
DML
B
Sub-schema DLL
C
Schema DLL
D
All of these
Answer C
___________________________________________________________________________________________
SET concept is used in
A
Network Model
B
Hierarchical Model
C
Relational Model
D
None of these
Answer A
___________________________________________________________________________________________
The view of total database content is
A
Conceptual view
B
Internal view
C
External view
D
Physical View
Answer A
___________________________________________________________________________________________
ACID stands for
A
Atomicity, consistency, isolation and durability
B
Atomicity, command, integrity and data
C
Atomicity, control, integrated and direct
D
None of these
Answer A
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Most of the time, modification anomalies are serious enough that tables should be normalized into
A
1NF
B
2NF
C
3NF
D
BCNF
Answer D
___________________________________________________________________________________________
A subclass having more than one super class is called
A
Category
B
Classification
C
Combination
D
Partial participation
Answer D

Updating a database means

A
Revising a file structure
B
Reorganizing the database
C
Modifying or adding records
D
All of these
Answer C
___________________________________________________________________________________________
A primary key for an entity is
A
A candidate key
B
Any attribute
C
A unique attribute
D
A super key
Answer C
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Which of the following is another name for weak entity?
A
Child
B
Owner
C
Dominant
D
All of the above
Answer A
___________________________________________________________________________________________
An entity set that does not have sufficient attributes to form a primary key is a
A
Strong entity set
B
Weak entity set
C
Simple entity set
D
Primary entity set
Answer B
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Which are the two ways in which entities can participate in a relationship?
A
Passive and active
B
Total and partial
C
Simple and Complex
D
All of the above
Answer B
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Which diagram provides a formal graphic notation for modelling objects, classes and their relationships to
one another ?
A
Object diagram
B
Class diagram
C
Instance diagram
D
Analysis diagram
Answer A
___________________________________________________________________________________________

An entity set that does not have sufficient attributes to form a primary key is a
A
Strong entity set
B
weak entity set
C
Simple entity set
D
Primary entity set
Answer B
___________________________________________________________________________________________
In an E-R diagram an entity set is represent by a
A
Rectangle
B
Ellipse
C
Diamond box
D
Circle
Answer A
___________________________________________________________________________________________
In E-R Diagram relationship type is represented by
A
Ellipse
B
Dashed ellipse
C
Rectangle
D
Diamond
Answer D
___________________________________________________________________________________________
By means of a data flow diagram, the analyst can detect
A
Task duplication
B
Unnecessary delays
C
Task overlapping
D
All of the above
Answer D
Given the basic ER and relational models, which of the following is INCORRECT?
A An attribute of an entity can have more than one value
B An attribute of an entity can be composite
C In a row of a relational table, an attribute can have more than one value
D In a row of a relational table, an attribute can have exactly one value or a NULL value
Answer C
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Which of the following indicates the maximum number of entities that can be involved in a relationship?
A
Minimum cardinality
B
Maximum cardinality
C
ERD
D
Greater Entity Count
Answer B
___________________________________________________________________________________________

An entity instance is a single occurrence of an _______.

A
entity type
B
relationship type
C
entity and relationship type
D
None of these
Answer A
___________________________________________________________________________________________
In an E-R diagram attributes are represented by
A
Rectangle
B
Square
C
Ellipse
D
Triangle
Answer C
___________________________________________________________________________________________
E-R model uses this symbol to represent weak entity set
A
Dotted rectangle
B
Diamond
C
Doubly outlined rectangle
D
None of these
Answer C
___________________________________________________________________________________________
In E-R Diagram derived attribute are represented by
A
Ellipse
B
Dashed ellipse
C
Rectangle
D
Triangle
Answer B
___________________________________________________________________________________________
An entity relationship diagram is a tool to represent
A
Data model
B
Process model
C
Event model
D
Customer model
Answer A
___________________________________________________________________________________________
In E-R diagram generalization is represented by
A
Ellipse
B
Dashed ellipse
C
Rectangle
D
Triangle
Answer D
___________________________________________________________________________________________

An entity instance is a single occurrence of on

A
Entity type
B
Relational type
C
Entity and relationship type
D
None of these
Answer A
___________________________________________________________________________________________
What is a relationship called when it is maintained between two entities?
A
Unary
B
Binary
C
Ternary
D
Quaternary
Answer B
The E-R model is expressed in term of
I. Entities
II. The relationship among entities.
III. The attributes of the entities.
IV. Functional relationship.
A
I, II
B
I, II, IV
C
II, II, IV
D
I, II, III
Answer D
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Which of the following are the properties of entities?
A
Groups
B
Table
C
Attributes
D
Switchboards
Answer C
___________________________________________________________________________________________
The entity relationship model comes under
A
Object based logical model
B
Record based logical model
C
Physical data model
D
None of the above
Answer A
___________________________________________________________________________________________

The result of the UNION operation between R1 and R2 is a relation that includes
A
All the tuples of R1
B
All the tuples of R2
C
All the tuples of R1 and R2
D
All the tuples of R1 and R2 which have common columns
Answer D
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Relational calculus is a
A
Procedural language
B
Non Procedural language
C
Data definition language
D
High level language
Answer B
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Which of the following relational algebra operations do not require the participating tables to be unioncompatible?
A
Union
B
Intersection
C
Difference
D
Join
Answer D
___________________________________________________________________________________________
The relational model feature is that there
A
Is no need for primary key data
B
Is much more data independence than some other database models.
C
Are explicit relationships among records.
D
Are tables with many dimensions
Answer B
___________________________________________________________________________________________

A
B
C
D

7
4
5
9
Answer A
___________________________________________________________________________________________

Which of the operations constitute a basic set of operations for manipulating relational data?
A
Predicate calculus
B
Relational calculus
C
Relational algebra
D
None of the above
Answer C
___________________________________________________________________________________________
In the relational modes, cardinality is termed as
A Number of tuples
B Number of attributes
C Number of tables
D Number of constraints
Answer A
Which of the following statements are TRUE about an SQL query?
P : An SQL query can contain a HAVING clause even if it does not have a GROUP BY clause
Q: An SQL query can contain a HAVING clause only if it has a GROUP BY clause
R : All attributes used in the GROUP BY clause must appear in the SELECT clause
S : Not all attributes used in the GROUP BY clause need to appear in the SELECT clause
A
P and R
B
P and S
C
Q and R
D
Q and S
Answer C
___________________________________________________________________________________________
The PROJECT Command will create new table that has
A
more fields than the original table
B
more rows than original table
C
both (A) & (B)
D
none of these
Answer D
___________________________________________________________________________________________
A relational database developer refers to a record as
A
A criteria
B
A relation
C
A tuple
D
An attribute
Answer C
___________________________________________________________________________________________

Relational Algebra is
A
Data Definition Language
B
Meta Language
C
Procedural query Language
D
None of the above
Answer C
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Cartesian product in relational algebra is
A
Unary operator
B
Binary operator
C
Ternary operator
D
not defined
Answer B
___________________________________________________________________________________________
(i) DML includes a query language based on both relation algebra and tuple calculus
(ii) DML includes a query language based on tuple calculus
(iii) DML includes a query language based on relational algebra
(iv) DML includes a query language based on none of the relational algebra and tuple calculus
Which one is correct?
A
(i) only
B
(ii) only
C
(iii) only
D
(iv) only
Answer A
___________________________________________________________________________________________

How many tuples does the result of the following SQL query contain?
SELECT A.Id
FROM A
WHERE A.Age > ALL (SELECT B.Age
FROM B
WHERE B.Name = Arun)
A
4
B
3
C
0
D
1
Answer B
___________________________________________________________________________________________

The operation which is not considered a basic operation of relational algebra is

A
Join
B
Selection
C
Union
D
Cross product
Answer A
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Multivalued dependency among attribute is checked at which level?
A
2NF
B
3NF
C
4NF
D
5NF
Answer C
___________________________________________________________________________________________
__________refers to a formal process for determining which fields belong in which tables in a relational
database.
A
Normalization
B
De normalization
C
Aggregation
D
None of the above
Answer A
If a relation scheme is in BCNF then it is also in
A
1NF
B
4NF
C
3NF
D
None of these
Answer C
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Which of the following operations need the participating relations to be union compatible?
A
Union
B
Intersection
C
Difference
D
All of the above
Answer D
___________________________________________________________________________________________
What is a disjoint less constraint?
A It requires that an entity belongs to no more than one level entity set.
B
The same entity may belong to more than one level.
C
The database must contain an unmatched foreign key value.
D An entity can be joined with another entity in the same level entity set.
Answer A
___________________________________________________________________________________________

Relations produced from an E-R model will always be

A
First normal form
B
Second normal form
C
Third normal form
D
Fourth normal form
Answer A
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Which possibility among the following is invalid in case of data flow diagram?
A
A process having inbound data flows more than outbound data flows
B
A data flow between two processes
C
A data flow between the data stores
D
A data store having more than one inbound data flows
Answer C
___________________________________________________________________________________________
A lack of normalization can lead to which one of the following problems?
A
Insertion problems
B
Deadlock
C
Lost updates
D
Deferred updates
Answer D
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Which command is the fastest among the following ?
A
COPY TO <NEW FILE>
B
COPY STRUCTURE TO <NEW FILE>
C
COPY FILE <FILE 1> <FILE 2>
D
COPY TO MFILE-DAT DELIMITED
Answer B
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Specialization is __________ process.
A
top-down
B
bottom up
C
both (A) and (B)
D
none of these
Answer A
___________________________________________________________________________________________
A function that has no partial functional dependencies is in __________ form.
A
3 NF
B
2 NF
C
4 NF
D
BCNF
Answer B
___________________________________________________________________________________________

Which of the following operation is used if we are interested in only certain columns of a table?
A
Projection
B
Selection
C
Union
D
Join
Answer A
Which of the following is TRUE?
A Every relation in 3NF is also in BCNF
B A relation R is in 3NF if every non-prime attribute of R is fully functionally dependent on every key of R
C Every relation in BCNF is also in 3NF
D No relation can be in both BCNF and 3NF
Answer C
___________________________________________________________________________________________
The normal form that is not necessarily dependency preserving is
A
2NF
B
3NF
C
BCNF
D
4NF
Answer A
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Table is synonymous with the term
A
Record
B
Relation
C
Column
D
Field
Answer B
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Data integrity control
A Is used to set upper and lower limits on numeric data
B Requires the use of passwords to prohibit unauthorized access to the file
C Has the data dictionary keep the date and time of last access last back-up, and most recent modification for all
files
D All of the above
Answer C
___________________________________________________________________________________________
A table joined with itself is called
A
Join
B
Self Join
C
Outer Join
D
Equi Join
Answer B
___________________________________________________________________________________________

The rule that a value of a foreign key must appear as a value of some specific table is called a
A
Referential constraint
B
Index
C
Integrity constraint
D
Functional dependency
Answer A
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Which of the following is TRUE?
A Every relation in 3NF is also in BCNF
B A relation R is in 3NF if every non-prime attribute of R is fully functionally dependent on every key of R
C Every relation in BCNF is also in 3NF
D No relation can be in both BCNF and 3NF
Answer C
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Fifth Normal form is concerned with
A
Functional dependency
B
Multivalued dependency
C
Join dependency
D
Domain-key
Answer C
___________________________________________________________________________________________
In generalisation, the differences between members of an entity is
A
maximized
B
minimized
C
both (A) & (B)
D
None of these
Answer A
___________________________________________________________________________________________
A functional dependency is a relationship between or among
A
Tables
B
Rows
C
Relations
D
Attributes
Answer D

Match the following :

I. 2 NF (a) transitive dependencies eliminated
II. 3 NF (b) multivalued attribute removed
III. 4 NF (c) contain no partial functional dependencies
IV. 5 NF (d) contains no join dependency
Codes ( I II III IV )
A
(a) (c) (b) (d)
B
(d) (a) (b) (c)
C
(c) (d) (a) (b)
D
(d) (b) (a) (c)
Answer B
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Any binary relation is in
A
1NF
B
4NF
C
3NF
D
BCNF
Answer C
___________________________________________________________________________________________
A block hole in a DFD is a
A
A data store with no in bound flows
B
A data store with only in bound flows
C
A data store with more than one in bound flows
D
None of the above
Answer B
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Dependency preservation is not guaranteed in
A
BCNF
B
3NF
C
PJNF
D
DKNF
Answer A
___________________________________________________________________________________________
A relation in which the intersection of each row and column contains one and only one value is said to be in
A
First normal form
B
Second normal form
C
Third normal form
D
Fourth normal form
Answer A
___________________________________________________________________________________________

The dependency preservation decomposition is a property to decompose database schema D, in which each
functional dependency XY specified in F,
A appeared directly in one of the relation schemas Ri in the decomposed D.
B could be inferred from dependencies that appear in some Ri..
C both (A) and (B)
D None of these
Answer C
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Generalization is _______ process.
A
top-down
B
bottom up
C
both (A) & (B)
D
None of these
Answer B
___________________________________________________________________________________________
One solution to the multivalued dependency constraint problem is to
A
Split the relation into two relations, each with a single theme
B
Change the theme
C
Create a new theme
D
Add a composite key
Answer A
___________________________________________________________________________________________
The language which has recently become the defacto standard for interfacing application programs with
relational database system is
A
Oracle
B
SQL
C
DBase
D
4GL
Answer B
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Which of the following statement on the view concept in SQL is invalid?
A All views are not updateable
B The views may be referenced in an SQL statement whenever tables are referenced
C The views are instantiated at the time they are referenced and not when they are defined
D The definition of a view should not have GROUP BY clause in it
Answer D
The statement in SQL which allows to change the definition of a table is
A
Alter
B
Update
C
Create
D
Select
Answer A
___________________________________________________________________________________________

Which of the following is correct

A
A SQL query automatically eliminates duplicates
B
SQL permits attribute names to be repeated in the same relation
C
A SQL query will not work if there are no indexes on the relations
D
None of these
Answer D
___________________________________________________________________________________________
In SQL, which command is used to select data in rows and column from one or more tables?
A
Choose
B
Select
C
List
D
Browse
Answer B
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Which construct in SQL is used to test whether a subquery has any tuples in its result?
A
UNIQUE
B
EXISTS
C
GROUP BY
D
EXCEPT
Answer B
___________________________________________________________________________________________
AS clause is used in SQL for
A
Selection operation
B
Rename operation
C
Join operation
D
Projection operation
Answer B
___________________________________________________________________________________________
he SQL Expression
Select distinct T. branch name from branch T, branch S where T. assets > S. assets and S. branch-city =
DELHI, finds the name of
A All branches that have greater asset than any branch located in DELHI
B All branches that have greater assets than allocated in DELHI
C The branch that has the greatest asset in DELHI
D Any branch that has greater asset than any branch located in DELHI
Answer A
___________________________________________________________________________________________

What deletes the entire file except the file structure ?

A
ERASE
B
DELETE
C
ZAP
D
PACK
Answer C
___________________________________________________________________________________________
In SQL the word natural can be used with
A
Inner join
B
Full outer join
C
Right outer join
D
All of the above
Answer A
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Which of the following is a valid SQL type?
A
Character
B
Numeric
C
Float
D
All of the above
Answer D
___________________________________________________________________________________________
In SQL, testing whether a subquery is empty is done using
A
Distinct
B
Unique
C
Null
D
Exists
Answer D
There exists a construct which returns a value true if the argument subquery is:
A
empty
B
non-empty
C
in error
D
none of the above
Answer B
___________________________________________________________________________________________
The default level of consistency in SQL is
A
Repeatable read
B
Read committed
C
Read uncommitted
D
Serializable
Answer D
___________________________________________________________________________________________

In SQL which command is used to select data in rows and column from one or more tables?
A
CHOOSE
B
SELECT
C
LIST
D
BROWSE
Answer B
___________________________________________________________________________________________
The keyword to eliminate duplicate rows from the query result in SQL is
A
Distinct
B
No Duplicate
C
Unique
D
None of the above
Answer C
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Use of UNIQUE while defining an attribute of a table in SQL means that the attribute values are
A
Distinct values
B
Cannot have NULL
C
Both (A) & (B)
D
Same as primary key
Answer C
___________________________________________________________________________________________
A DBMS query language is designed to
A
Support end users who use English-like commands
B
Support in the development of complex applications software
C
Specify the structure of a database
D
All of the above
Answer D
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Which of the following is a comparison operator in SQL?
A
Equal to
B
Like
C
Between
D
All of the above
Answer D
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Which command defines its columns, integrity constraint in create table
A
Create command
B
Drop table command
C
Alter table command
D
All of these
Answer A
___________________________________________________________________________________________

A / B+ tree index is to be built on the name attribute of the relation STUDENT. Assume that all students
names are of length 8 bytes, disk block are of size 512 bytes and index pointers are of size 4 bytes. Given
this scenario what would be the best choice of the degree (i.e. the number of pointers per node) of the B+
tree ?
A
16
B
22
C
43
D
44
Answer A
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Which of the following statements is true, when structure of database file with 20 records is modified
A
? EOF ( ) Prints T
B
? BOF ( ) Prints F
C
? BOF ( ) Prints T
D
? EOF ( ) Prints F
Answer A
The main idea behind computer files is that it is convenient
A
Arrange them
B
Store information
C
Create them
D
Access them
Answer D
___________________________________________________________________________________________
A file produced by a spreadsheet
A
Is generally stored on disk in an ASCII text format
B
Can be used as it by the DBMS
C
Can be used for graphic
D
All of the above
Answer A
___________________________________________________________________________________________
A computer file contains several records. What does each record contain?
A
Bytes
B
Words
C
Fields
D
Database
Answer C
___________________________________________________________________________________________

An indexing operation
A
Is sorted in ascending order
B
Contains only a list of keys and record numbers
C
Has a number assigned to each record
D
Both B and C
Answer C
___________________________________________________________________________________________
In a B tree of order 5, the following keys are inserted as follows :
7, 8, 1, 4, 13, 20, 2, 6 and 5
How many elements are present in the root of the tree ?
A
1
B
2
C
3
D
4
Answer B
___________________________________________________________________________________________
A file organization component VSAM file is
A
Relative records data set
B
Keyed sequential data set
C
Entry sequential data set
D
All of the above
Answer D
___________________________________________________________________________________________
The master list of an indexed file
A
Is sorted in ascending order
B
Contains only a list of keys and record numbers
C
Has a number assigned to reach record
D
Both A and B
Answer C
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Two files may be joined into a third file if they have
A
Row in common
B
Field in common
C
No records with the same value in the common field
D
Both B and C
Answer B
___________________________________________________________________________________________

To have a file ,hold a list ,it is necessary to

A
Identify the records in the list
B
Identify the name,width and type of the fields of each record
C
Decide which fields will be used as sort or index keys
D
All of these
Answer C
___________________________________________________________________________________________
The physical location of a record is determined by a mathematical formula that transforms a file key into
record location in
A
A tree file
B
An indexed file
C
A hashed file
D
A sequential file
Answer C
Files that require immediate access, must be stored on_____
A
Slow devices
B
Faster devices
C
Medium devices
D
All of these
Answer B
___________________________________________________________________________________________
The file organization that provides very fast access to any arbitrary record of a file is
A
Ordered file
B
Unordered file
C
Hashed file
D
B tree
Answer C
___________________________________________________________________________________________
An index is clustered, if
A it is on a set of fields that form a candidate key
B it is on a set of fields that include the primary key.
C the data records of the file are organized in the same order as the data entries of the index.
D the data records of the file are organized not in the same order as the data entries of the index.
Answer C
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Which level of Abstraction describes what data are stored in the Database?
A
Physical level
B
View level
C
Abstraction level
D
Logical level
Answer D
___________________________________________________________________________________________

Which command classes text file, which has been created using SET ALTERNATIVE <FILE NAME>
Command ?
A
SET ALTERNATE OFF
B
CLOSE DATABASE
C
CLOSE ALTERNATE
D
CLEAR ALL
Answer A
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Index consists of
A
A list of keys
B
Pointers to the master list
C
Both A and B
D
None of these
Answer C
___________________________________________________________________________________________
The number of disk accesses performed by insertion operation in B-tree of height h is
A
0(1)
B
0(1gh)
C
0(h)
D
None of these
Answer C
___________________________________________________________________________________________
B+ tree are preferred to binary tree in Database because
A
Disk capacity are greater than memory capacities
B
Disk access is much slower than memory access
C
Disk data transfer rates are much less than memory data transfer rate
D
Disks are more reliable than memory
Answer B
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Isolation is ensured by the component
A
Observable external writer
B
Transaction management component
C
Recovery management component
D
Concurrency control component
Answer D
___________________________________________________________________________________________
In multiuser database if two users wish to update the same record at the same time, they are prevented
from doing so by
A
Jamming
B
Password
C
Documentation
D
Record lock
Answer D

Which of the following is the recovery management technique in DDBMS ?

A
2PC (Two Phase Commit)
B
Backup
C
Immediate update
D
All of the above
Answer D
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Isolation of the transactions is ensured by
A
Transaction management
B
Application programmer
C
Concurrency control
D
Recovery management
Answer C
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Which of the following is an optimistic concurrency control method ?
A
Validation based
B
Time stamp ordering
C
Lock-based
D
None of these
Answer A
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Decomposition help in eliminating some of the problems of bad design
A
Redundancy
B
Inconsistencies
C
Anomalies
D
All of the above
Answer D
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Assume transaction A holds a shared lock R. If transaction B also requests for a shared lock on R.
A
It will result in a deadlock situation.
B
It will immediately be rejected.
C
It will immediately be granted.
D
It will be granted as soon as it is released by A.
Answer C
___________________________________________________________________________________________
The basic variants of time-stampbased method of concurrency control are
A
Total time stamp-ordering
B
Partial time stamp ordering
C
Multiversion Time stamp ordering
D
All of the above
Answer D
___________________________________________________________________________________________

The problem that occurs when one transaction updates a database item and then the transaction fails for
some reason is ________.
A
Temporary Select Problem
B
Temporary Modify Problem
C
Dirty Read Problem
D
None
Answer C
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Which of the following concurrency control schemes is not based on the serializability property?
A
Two phase locking
B
Graph-based locking
C
Time-stamp based locking
D
None of these
Answer D
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Which of the following schemas are used for ensuring atomicity?
A
Log with deferred modification
B
Log with immediate modification
C
Shadow paging
D
All of the above
Answer D
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Shadow paging has
A No redo
B No undo
C Redo but no undo
D Neither redo nor undo
Answer A
Which of the following is not a consequence of concurrent operations?
A
Lost update problem
B
Update anomaly
C
Unrepeatable read
D
Dirty read
Answer B
___________________________________________________________________________________________
The concept of locking can be used to solve the problem of
A
Deadlock
B
Lost update
C
Inconsistent
D
All of the above
Answer D
___________________________________________________________________________________________

The name of the transaction file shall be provided by the operator and the file that contains the edited
transactions ready for execution shall be called
A
Batch. Exe
B
Trans. Exe
C
Opt. Exe
D
Edit.Exe
Answer C
___________________________________________________________________________________________
If a transaction T has obtained an exclusive lock on item Q, then T can
A
Read Q
B
Write Q
C
Both read and write Q
D
Write Q but not read Q
Answer C
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Consider a schema R(A, B, C, D) and functional dependencies AB and CD. Then the decomposition
R1(A, B) and R2(C, D) is
A
Dependency preserving but not lossless join
B
Dependency preserving and lossless join
C
Lossless Join but not dependency preserving
D
Lossless Join
Answer A
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Data security threats include
A
Privacy invasion
B
Hardware failure
C
Fraudulent manipulation of data
D
Encryption and decryption
Answer C
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Which of the following ensures the atomicity of the transaction?
A
Transaction management component of DBMS
B
Application Programmer
C
Concurrency control component of DBMS
D
Recovery management component of DBMS
Answer A
___________________________________________________________________________________________

A transaction can include following basic database access operations

A
Read_item(X)
B
Write_item(X)
C
Both (A) and (B)
D
None of these
Answer C
___________________________________________________________________________________________
A hash table has space for 75 records, then the probability of collision before the table is 6% full.
A
.15
B
.20
C
.25
D
.30
Answer B
___________________________________________________________________________________________
A Transaction Manager is which of the following ?
A Maintains a log of transactions
B Maintains before and after database images
C Maintains appropriate concurrency control
D All of the above
Answer D