5/25/2010

CIVIL CONSTRUCTI ON PROJECT

DESIGN CALCULATION FOR 2-STOREY DWELLING MADE BY MASONRY CROSS WALLS ACCORDING TO EC6

Coordinators: Prof Dr. Ing. Magda Broteanu

Student: MIRON Marcel-Cristian

group 3211 ICE

Technical University Gh. Asachi, Iai Faculty of Civil Engineering and Building Services

CONTENTS
WRITTEN PARTS 1. Tehnical Memoir 1.1. General Data 1.2. Functional Architectural Solution 1.3. Construction Solution 1.4. Urbanism Conditions 2. Loads Computation 2.1. General Notes About the Symbols/Notations Used 2.2. Calculus of the Specific Thermal Resistance R 2.3. Roof (chosen solution for roof covering & timber volume) 2.4. Snow Load 2.5. Characteristic Values of Dead Loads 2.6. Design of a masonry structural member according to EC6 Interior wall Exterior wall Axial force diagram for exterior wall Eccentricity calculus 2.7. Design of a foundation block

GRAPHICAL PARTS

Ground floor
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First floor Section Plan Roof Plan Main Facade Details

1.1. General Data

CONSTRUCTION: 2-STORY DWELLING HOUSE Designer: MIRON Marcel-Cristian Height Regime: D+P+M Site characteristics: The site is situated in Craiova, in the western suburbs of the city. The site has an insignificant slope. The field has a local and general stability assured by respecting the instructions from the geotechnic study. The destination of the building: a single family dwelling, 2-storey height. The placement has access to public utilities (water, sewerage, electricity). Maximum depth 6054/77; Climatic zone III temperatures Climatic zone C Climatic zone C of frost is 0.90 m cf. STAS / summer temperatures 280C ; winter -140C (STAS 6472/82) / snow / (STAS 10101/21-90) /wind / (STAS 10101/20-92)

1.2. Functional Architectural Solution

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Serving the clients needs, the architect and the designer elaborated a dwelling house consisted of 3 levels : partial basement (underground floor), ground floor, inner garret. All the rooms are properly oriented such that the mandatory ventilation and illumination conditions are fulfilled. Therefore, the living room and the dining room are oriented towards the South-East. The basement has a height of 2.30 m, the ground floor 2.60 m, and the upper floor (inner garret) has a varying height between 1.80 m and 2.60 m. Concerning the interior staircase, the length of the stairs is 1.96 m, having the counter-steps of 18 cm and the steps of 28 cm. The house has the bearing walls made of a full brick of 25 cm and a full white brick of 20 cm, thermo-isolated with expanded polystyrene with the thickness of 4.8 cm. Above the partial basement, the ground floor and the first floor, reinforced concrete slabs are used. Sistematization of the Inner Space: PARTIAL BASEMENT (UNDERGROUND FLOOR): Staircase: Depositing Space: Total: GROUND FLOOR: Living Room: Dining Room: Kitchen: 23.30 m2 9.05 m2 9.97 m2
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8.90 m2 21.48 m2 30.38 m2

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Deposit: Lobby: Staircase: Bathroom:

1.07 m2 5.68 m2 10.85 m2 2.90 m2

Total: UPPER FLOOR: 1st Bedroom: SAS: 2nd Bedroom: Master Bedroom: 1st Bathroom: 2nd Bathroom: Lobby: Total:

62.82 m2

15.34 m2 2.25 m2 13.84 m2 17.27 m2 4.13 m2 7.42 m2 7.90 m2 68.15 m2

Sistematization of the Entire Surface: EFFECTIVE AREA: Underground Floor + Ground Floor + Upper Floor = 161.38 m2 CONSTRUCTION AREA: 130.98 m2 UNCOILED AREA: 270.26 m2 P.O.T. = 12.2 %

Technical University Gh. Asachi, Iai Faculty of Civil Engineering and Building Services

C.U.T. = 0.28

1.3. Construction Solution

- Infrastructure: The infrastructure will be realized under the form of a continuous foundation under the walls with a concrete shoe made up of concrete ( C 6/7.5) and concrete elevation ( C 12/15), 90 cm thick under the first-floor walls, 100 cm under the under-ground floor. Also, the infrastructure will be reinforced with girdles on the whole lenght. The reinforcement will be made with PC52 and OB37 steel. - Suprastructure: The strength structure is consisted of mansory walls, reinforced concrete pillars, and girdles. Exterior walls are 45 cm thick and the interior bearing walls are 25 cm thick. The materials used in pillars (25x25 cm), girdles and beams will be: concrete C12/15 and reinforcements PC52 and OB37. The masonry will be consisted of 25 cm full bricks and 20 cm white bricks. The stairs are mare up of monolith reinforced concrete. The slab over the ground floor will be made up of reinforced concrete (C12/15). The slab will be 13 cm thick and it will be reinforced with steel STNB nets. The roof over the garret is consisted of fir wood.

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- Trims:

The builing will have modern, high quality trims as follows: Exterior paintings will be carefully chosen function of the volumetry of the house:White and beige plaster, PVC windows, wood doors, wood handrails, pvc ditches and down-comers (water pipes), TONDACH tiles, brick revetment, pergola and ornamental flower pots. Interior paintings will be in accordance with the hygienicsanitary requirements that are imposed by the active normative. Interior paintings will be chosen such that the exterior-interior chromatic sensation to be a fine one. For the living rooms we will use a white, creamy washable lime and for the bathrooms, kitchen and stores well use sandstone assorted with the wall paintings and faience.

1.4. Urbanism Conditions

Water supply will be made by joining the water network having the authorization obtained from S.C. RAJAC S.R.L. Electricity supply will be made having the autorization obtained from E.ON, Moldova S.A. The sewerage will be made by joining the sewerage network from the neighbourhood . The heating will be made individually by central heating.

2.

Loads Computation
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2.1. Design according to the Ultimate Load State method:

Symbols: Fk characteristic value of a load (force); design value of a load;

Fd= (f )*(Fk)

f =1.35(1.40 in USA, Canada, Japan, Australia, etc) for Gk and 1.50 (1.60 in USA, Canada, Japan, Australia etc) for Qk partial safety coefficients for loads;

Dead (Permanent) Loads (EC1Part 2.1): Gk or Wk or SWk concentrated permanent load, or weight, or self-weight load, in N or daN or kN ; gk or wk weight per unit area in N*m weight per unit length in N *m -1; = ()(g) = m*V-1 kg.m-3 ;
-2

, or

unit weight in N.m-3 or kN.m-3 ; unit mass or density of material in gravitational acceleration; (overloading) partial safety

g =9.81(~10) m.s-2
f = 1.35( EU ) f = 1.40(USA)

factor for dead load;

Loading Effects Grouping:

1.35 Gk , j + 1.5Qk ,1 +1.5 0 ,i Qk ,i

, where:
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1.35 Gk, j

Design Dead Load;

f=1.35 Partial Safety Coefficient for Dead Load for unfavorable exception; 1.5 Qk,1 Design Dominant Variable Load;

f=1.5 Partial Safety Coefficient for Variable Load for unfavorable exception; 1.5 0,i Qk, i Design Variable Load; 0,i=0,7 Concomitance (Reduction) combination value of a variable action; Factor for

2.2. Calculus of Resistance R

the

Specific

Thermal

For the purpose of computing these values, the following symbols are used: R thermal resistance of the element (m2K/W); Rsi inner surface thermal resistance (m2K/W); Rse outer surface thermal resistance (m2K/W); Rmin the minimum overall thermal resistance (m2K/W);

Technical University Gh. Asachi, Iai Faculty of Civil Engineering and Building Services

a) Outer wall No .cr t. 1. 2. 3. 3. 4. Thickness d (m) 0.02 0.25 0.20 X 0.03 Thermal conductivity coefficient [W/ (mK)] 0.87 0.8 0.28 0.044 0.03

Material layer Inner plaster 1 full brick 1 white brick (BCA) Expanded polystyrene Plaster cement mortar

C107/05 Design Code states that in the case of an exterior wall, . , and

Therefore, the thickness of the expand polystyrene is . Because the material is found only with thicknesses multiple of 2.4, a 4.8 cm thick polystyrene is chosen. b) Slab above the basement No .cr t. 1. 2. Thermal conductivity coefficient [W/ (mK)] 2.03 1.62

Material layer Sandstone Concrete layer

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Thickness d (m) 0.007 0.01

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3. 4. 5. 6.

Equalizing layer Reinforced concrete slab Expanded polystyrene Plaster cement and lime mortar

0.03 0.13 X 0.02

0.93 1.62 0.044 0.87

C107/05 Design Code states that in the case of a slab above the basement, . , and

Therefore, the thickness of the expanded polystyrene is . Because the material is found only with thicknesses multiple of 2.4, a 7.2 cm thick polystyrene is chosen.

2.3. Roof
Chosen solution for roof covering TONDACH Castel tiles Material: sand, cement, water, inorganic pigments. Surface: even, with a tintless coat. Dimensions: 43 x 27 cm

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Active length: 43 cm Active width: 21.5 cm

Profile height: 2.2 cm Weight: 3.0 kg / piece

Necessary/ m2 13.1 pieces Positioning: network mesh

Timber volume used for the roof Element Purlins Rafters Boarding Props Longitudinal battens Transverse battens Ridge Tongs Purlins Rafters Boarding Props N o. 1 1 1 17 2 1 5 6 17 2 11 1 2x 3 1 1 17 1 1 Dimensions (cm) b 12 12 12 7.5 7.5 are a 1 4 1 4 5 5 5 12 4 12 12 7.5 are a 1 h 12 12 12 10 10 2.4 101 40 3 3 5 12 15 12 12 10 2.4 194
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L/B/H 1365 92 1275 557 393 area 557 393 1365 1302 460 500 1254 462 area -

Slope (degre es) 26 26 26 26 26 26 22 22 22 22

Total volume (cm3) 196560 13248 183600 710175 58950 1914389 77739 36945 142035 11790 375375 187488 165600 72000 180576 589050 639418 59728

Technical University Gh. Asachi, Iai Faculty of Civil Engineering and Building Services

4 Longitudinal battens Transverse battens 17 15 5 5 3 5 462 1365 22 22 117810 511875

Total volume of wood: 9244351 cm3= 9.24 m3

2.4. Snow Load

The computation was done according to CR 1-1-32005, Design Code. The following notations are used: snow density of 235350400 kgm -3 depending on the breaking state and unfavorable snow falling Sk snow characteristic value on roof horizontal projection in kNm-2 g gravitational constant of 10 ms-2 shape coefficient Ce exposure coefficient of placement Ct thermal coefficient S0,k characteristic value of snow load on the earth level Sk,L snow characteristic value on pitched roof Sk0,L - snow characteristic value on pitched roof per unit length Sk0,Lx - snow characteristic value on pitched roof per unit length perpendicular on the roof
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Technical University Gh. Asachi, Iai Faculty of Civil Engineering and Building Services

Sk0,Ly - snow characteristic value on pitched roof per unit length tangent to the roof Fk characteristic value of snow pushing force in kNm -1 cfr friction coefficient between snow and tiles (c fr = 0.05) Se characteristic value of snow load hanged down at roof eaves and distributed on roof length k coefficient depending on unsteady snow falling The building being situated in Iasi, will have s 0,k=2.5 kNm-2. The presence of other buildings around it doesnt not allow an important blowing of the snow by the wind, therefore, a partial exposure will be considered (C e=1). The thermal coefficient Ct is considered to be 1.0. The snow weight:

For the uncrowded snow loading, the distribution is:

1(1) 2(2)

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In this case, 1=26 and 2=22. Because 1<30 and 2<30, taking into account the CR 1-1-3-2005 Design Code, 1(1) and 1(2) will have the following values:

The snow characteristic value on roof horizontal projection will be:

for 1=26

for 2=22 The characteristic value of snow pushing force:: For the part of the part of the roof with 1=26

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where: - L01 is the horizontal projection of the width of the roof with slope 1=26 - L1 is the width of the roof with the slope 1=26

Geometrical features of the roof

Sk0,Lx Sk0,L Sk0,Ly

Fig.4.3. Snow characteristic value on pitched roof per unit length

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The characteristic value of snow pushing force will be:

For the part of the part of the roof with 2=22

The characteristic value of snow pushing force will be:

2.5.

Characteristic Values of Dead Loads

Roof with Thermal Insulation

No .

Layer

Thickn ess [m]

Unit Characteris Weigh tic Value t gk=d*

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Ultimate Value gd=F*gk=1.3

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

roof tile longitudinal 0.03 strip transverse 0.05 strip water 0.005 proofing roof baten 0.024 mineral wool 0.14 1 mineral wool 0.05 2 vapour 0.01 barrier insulating 0.01 board Total Load

=p*g [N/m3] 6000 6000 6000 3500 3500 11000

[N/m2] 393 180 300 60 144 490 175 60 104.5 1906.5

5*gk [N/m2] 530.55 243 405 81 194.4 661.5 236.25 81 141.075 2115.45

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Outer Wall

No .

Layer

Thickn ess [m]

1 2 3 4 5 6

inner plaster 1 full brick 1 white brick (BCA) vapour barrier expanded polystyrene (EPS) outer plaster

0.02 0.25 0.20 0.005 0.05 0.03

Unit Weig Characteris ht tic Value =p* gk=d* g [N/m2] [N/m 3 ] 1900 380 0 1850 4625 0 4500 200 2200 0 900 60 10 660 6635

Ultimate Value gd=F*gk=1.3 5*gk [N/m2] 513 6243.75 1215 81 13.5 891 8957.25

Total Load

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Inner Wall

No .

Layer

Thickn ess [m]

1 2 3

Inner plaster 1 full brick Inner plaster

0.02 0.25 0.02

Total Load

Unit Weig Characteris ht tic Value =p* gk=d* g [N/m2] [N/m 3 ] 1900 380 0 1850 4625 0 1900 380 0 5385

Ultimate Value gd=F*gk=1.3 5*gk [N/m2] 513 6243.75 513 7449.3

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Basement Wall

No .

Layer

Thickn ess [m]

1 2 3

inner plaster 1 full brick concrete

0.02 0.25 0.20

Unit Weig Characteris ht tic Value =p* gk=d* g [N/m2] [N/m 3 ] 1900 380 0 1850 4625 0 2400 4800
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Ultimate Value gd=F*gk=1.3 5*gk [N/m2] 513 6243.75 6480

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4 5 6

cement and 0.03 lime mortar waterproofing 0.005 Protecting 0.15 brick wall Total Load

0 1700 0 1850 0

510 175 2775 13265

688.5 236.25 3746.25 17907.75

Floor above Basement

No .

Layer

Thickn ess [m] 0.02

Parquet

Unit Weig Characteris ht tic Value =p* gk=d* g [N/m2] [N/m 3 ] 8000 176
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Ultimate Value gd=F*gk=1.3 5*gk [N/m2] 237.6

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2 3 4 5 6 7

False boarding Acousting insulation Concrete slab Vapour barrier Expanded polystyrene Plaster

0.01 0.03 0.13 0.005 0.075 0.02

8000 3500 2500 0 200 1700 0

80 105 3250 60 14.4 340 4025.4

108 141.75 4387.5 81 19.44 459 5434.29

Total Load

Floor above First Floor (including Staircase)

No .

Layer

Thickn ess [m]

Unit Characteris Weig tic Value ht gk=d* =p* [N/m2] g [N/m

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Ultimate Value gd=F*gk=1.3 5*gk [N/m2]

Technical University Gh. Asachi, Iai Faculty of Civil Engineering and Building Services

] 168 500 60 570 3250 340 4888 226.8 675 81 769.5 4387.5 459 6598.8

1 2 3 4 5 6

Sandstone Concrete layer Vapour barrier Equalizer layer Concrete slab Plaster

0.007 0.02 0.005 0.03 0.13 0.02

2400 0 2500 0 1900 0 2500 0 1700 0

Total Load

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2.6. Design of a masonry structural member according to EC6

The computation will be made on a section of 1 meter width from an exterior wall and from an interior wall. We use M50 binder and 100daN/cm2 full bricks. The loading surface for an exterior wall is Se = 2.235 m2 The loading surface for an interior wall is Si = 1.85 m2

Calculus for the interior wall

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1. Load from the roof being an inner garret house, the axial force at the upper side is considered 0 for the interior wall 2. Self weight of the wall - Nsw : Nd, wall = 7449.3 x 2.60 = 19368.18 N 3. Load from plate Nd, plate : Live load -> 1.5 x 1500 x 1.85 = 4162.5 N Self weight -> 6598.8 x 1.85 = 12207.78 N Nd, plate = 16370.28 N 4. Self weight of the wall - Nsw : Nd, wall = 7449.3 x 2.60 = 19368.18 N 5. Load from plate - Nd, plate : Live load -> 1.5 x 1500 x 1.85 = 4162.5 N Self weight -> 5434.29 x 1.85 = 10053.44 N Nd, plate = 14215.94 N 6. Self weight of the basement wall Nd,basement wall : Nd, basement wall = 17907.75 x 2.33 = 41725.06 N

Nd,0 = 111047.64 N

Calculus for the exterior wall

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1. Load from the roof Nd, roof : Dead load -> 2115.45 x 1 = 2115.45 N Snow load -> 9260 x 1.5 x 1 = 13890 N Nd, roof = 3913.35 x 1.9 = 16005.45 N 2. Self weight of the wall - Nsw : Nd, wall = 8957 x 1.58 x 1 = 14152.06 N 3. Load from the plate Nd, plate : Self weight -> 6598.8 x 2.235 = 14748.318 N Live load -> 1.5 x 1500 x 2.235 = 5028.75 N Nd, plate = 19777.068 N 4. Self weight of the wall - Nsw : Nd, wall = 8957 x 2.60 = 23288.20 N 5. Load from plate Nd, plate : Live load -> 1.5 x 1500 x 2.235 = 5028.75 N Self weight -> 5434.29 x 2.235 = 12145.64 N Nd, plate = 17174.39 N 6. Self weight of the basement wall Nd,basement wall : Nd, basement wall = 17907.75 x 2.33 = 41725.06 N

Nd,0 = 132122.16 N

Axial force diagram for external wall

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Nd,0=132122.16 N => Md,f=Nd,f x d= Nd,f x (t/2-t/6)= Nd,f x 0.075 Md,f1=19777.068 x 0.075 = 1483.28 Nm Md,f2=17174.39 x 0.075 = 1288.08 Nm

Eccentricity calculus
We take the x-x section at a height of 2 meters. Mx-x / 1288.08 = 2 / 2.60 => Mx-x=990.83 Nm Nx-x / 73222.778 = 2 / 2.60 => Nx-x = 56325.21 N
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=> e = 990.83 / 56325.21 +ead=0.0176+0.02=0.0376 cm 0.0376 (e) < 0.075 (t/6) => all the section works in compression => Ac = t x b = 0.45 m2

2.7. Design of foundation block

We impose hf = 50 cm and we verify that pef pn External block N0,d=131023 N pef = Ntotal / Af pn we impose this equation at limit and we have Ntotal = Af x pn <=> N0,d + Vg = pn x 1 x bf <=> N0,d + hfbf = pn x 1 x bf => N0,d / bf +hf = pn => bfnec = N0,d / (pn - hf) = 132.122 / (159-20 x 0.5 x 1)= 0.887 m => we will adopt 90 cm tg Pn 2 daN / cm2 Pn > 2 daN / cm2 C 3.5 / 5 1.3 1.6 C 5 / 7.5 1.1 1.3

Stiffnes calculus: tg tgmin

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tg = hf / a , a= x (bfc - d) => tg = 2 x 50 / (90-45)=2.2222 > tgmin Internal block N0,d=111047 N pef = Ntotal / Af pn we impose this equation at limit and we have Ntotal = Af x pn <=> N0,d + Vg = pn x 1 x bf <=> N0,d + hfbf = pn x 1 x bf => N0,d / bf +hf = pn => bfnec = N0,d / (pn - hf) = 111047/ (159-20 x 0.5 x 1)= 0.7453 m => we will adopt 80cm

Stiffnes calculus: tg tgmin tg = hf / a , a= x (bfc - d) => tg = 2 x 50 / (80-45)=2.86 > tgmin

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