Teaching Plan for Breastfeeding Objectives 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

Enumerate the advantages of breastfeeding to the mother Enumerate the advantages of breastfeeding to the newborn Demonstrate the proper positioning techniques in feeding the newborn Demonstrate the proper technique in burping the newborn after intake of milk Enumerate the ways of relieving or preventing engorgement of nipples Enumerate the factors that could worsen sore or painful nipples Demonstrate ways of promoting healing of sore nipples Discuss the reason why mothers should wean the newborn gradually

the age of 5, resulting in over 200,000 hospitalizations and 400-500 deaths in the U.S.)

Protection against gastroenteritis, necrotizing entercolitis Reduced risk of chronic constipation, colic, and other stomach upsets Reduced risk of childhood diabetes Protection against ear infections, respiratory illnesses, pneumonia, bronchitis, kidney infections, septicemia (blood poisoning), Protection against allergies, asthma, eczema, and severity of allergic disease Reduced risk of SIDS (sudden infant death syndrome) Statistics reveal that for every 87 deaths from SIDS, only 3 are breastfed. Protection against meningitis, botulism, childhood lymphoma, crohn's disease and ulcerative entercolits Decreased risk of tooth decay (cavities) Nursing promotes facial structure development, enhanced speech, straighter teeth and enhances vision. Breastfed infants develop higher IQ's, and have improved brain and nervous system development; IQ advantage of 1012 points studied at ages 8, 12, and 18. (Breastfeeding is considered the 4th trimester in brain growth and development...there are specific proteins in human milk that promote brain development)) Reduced risk of heart disease later in life Increased bone density Breastfeeding plays an important role in the emotional and spiritual development of babies Breastfed babies enjoy a special warm bonding and emotional relationship with their mothers Antibody response to vaccines are higher Are hospitalized 10 times less than formula fed infants in the first year of life The colostrum (first milk) coats the GI tract, preventing harmful bacteria and allergy -triggering protein molecules from crossing into baby's blood Decreased risk for vitamin E and Iron deficiency anemia Decreased risk for acute appendicitis, rheumatoid arthritis, inguinal hernia, pyloric stenosis There are factors in human milk that destroy E coli, salmonella, shigella, streptococcus, pneumococcus....and many others Less risk of childhood obesity

Content Introduction It is universally agreed that breast milk is the preferred method of feeding a newborn, because it provides numerous health benefits to both the mother and the infant; it remains the ideal nutritional source for infants through the first year of life. Nurses are prime people to teach women about the benefits of breast-feeding and provide anticipatory guidance for problems that may occur.

ADVANTAGES OF BREASTFEEDING TO THE MOTHER Breastfeeding may serve a protective function in preventing breast cancer. The release of oxytocin from the posterior pituitary gland aids in uterine involution (the reduction in size of the uterus after childbirth). Oxytocin is released whenever a mechanical stimulus is initiated by the sucking mechanism of the infant. Successful breast-feeding can have an empowering effect, because it is a skill only a woman can master Breast-feeding reduces the cost of feeding and preparation time. Breast-feeding provides an excellent opportunity to enhance a true mutual bond between mother and child.

Lactation and Proper Positioning Techniques in Breastfeeding ADVANTAGES OF BREASTFEEDING TO THE BABY Breast milk looks like nonfat milk. It is thin and almost bluetinged in appearance. Before breastfeeding, mothers must wash their hands to be sure they are free of pathogens picked up from handling perineal pads or other sources. Washing her breasts is not necessary unless she notices caked colostrums (first breast fluid characterized as a thin yellowish fluid secreted by the breasts during the second trimester onwards but most

Children receive the most complete and optimal mix of nutrients & antibodies The varying composition of breast milk keeps pace with the infant's individual growth and changing nutritional needs Have fewer incidences of vomiting and diarrhea in the US (20-35 million episodes of diarrhea occur in children under

evident in the first 2 to 3 days after birth and before the milk flow, often facilitates drainage and promotes breast onset of true lactation) on the nipples. softness so the infant can suck. Lying on her side with a pillow under her head is a good Manual expression or the use of a breast pump to complete position to assume when she is first attempting to emptying of the breasts after the baby has nursed can help breastfeed. This relieves fatigue because it allows the infant maintain or promote a good milk supply during the period of to rest on the bed. engorgement. Another position that the mother can utilize is sitting Assure the mother that symptoms of engorgement are position with a pillow under the baby. Using a football hold healthy; it is an indication that her breasts are producing with the baby supported on a pillow also may be helpful, milk. Engorgement is only temporary and should begin to especially if the mother had a cesarean birth.-Brushing the subside 24 hours after it first becomes apparent. infants cheek with a breast nipple stimulates a newborns rooting reflex. The baby then turns toward the breast. Do not try to initiate a rooting reflex by pressing a babys face against the mothers breast; this will cause the child to turn PROMOTE HEALING OF SORE NIPPLES away from the mother and toward your hand. Painful nipples result from the strong sucking action of a If a woman has large breasts, the infant may have trouble newborn. breathing while nursing because tissue presses against the This may be worsened by the following factors: nose. The mother can prevent this happening by grasping 1. Improper positioning of an infant (failure to grasp the areolar margin of her breast between her thumb and the areola as well as the nipple) forefinger, holding the bulk of the breast supported while 2. Forcefully pulling an infant from the breast her infant feeds. This also makes the nipple more 3. Allowing an infant to suck too long at a breast protuberant.-Frequent feeding is advantageous to sustain a after the breast is emptied milk supply, because the more often the breasts are 4. Permitting a nipple to remain wet from leaking emptied, the more efficiently they will fill and continue to milk maintain a good supply of milk.-Help the infant break away To help prevent soreness, encourage the mother to position from the breast when they are finished feeding. Insert a her baby slightly differently for each feeding. This helps finger in the corner of the infants mouth or pull down the prevent the same area of the areola from receiving the infants chin to release suction. Otherwise, the baby may majority of pressure. pull too hard on the nipple, causing crack or soreness. Expose nipples to air by leaving her bra unsnapped for 10 to 15 minutes after feeding. Discourage the use of plastic liners that come with nursing bras; it is preferable to have air Promoting Adequate Sucking always circulating around the breasts. Applying vitamin E lotion after air exposure may toughen the nipples and Often, a newborn being breast-fed drops off to sleep during prevent further irritation. the first few feedings. To stimulate both milk production Advise mothers not to use a hand pump with sore nipples, effectively and ensure adequate fluid intake, help the because the pressure may cause fissures to worsen. An mother attempt to keep the infant awake, urging him/her to electric or battery-operated pump usually can be used; suck. To accomplish this, stroking the back of the newborn, these devices exert less pressure on the nipples. changing their position during feeding, rubbing their arms and chest, changing their diaper, gently tickling the bottom of a babys feet areaways on waking the infant effective. If the infant is not sucking well, the mother can use breast WEANING massage after feeding to empty her breasts manually. This helps ensure good milk production for the time when the infant is ready to suck. Weaning is defined as accustoming the infant to discontinue breast feeding by substitution of other nourishment. At any age, breast-feeding should be discontinued gradually to prevent engorgement and pain in the mothers breast while still providing satisfaction for the infant. To do this, the mother could first omit one breast-feeding a day, substituting a bottle-feeding or milk from a glass or cup. Then she could omit two breast-feedings, then three, and so on, until the child is feeding entirely from a bottle, glass, or cup. If weaned before 12 months, infants should be weaned to formula, not whole milk, so that they continue to receive the added vitamins and low solute load of commercial formulas.

PREVENTING OR RELIEVING ENGORGEMENT The primary method for relieving engorgement is emptying the breasts of milk by having the infant suck as much as before. If an infant cannot grasp a nipple strongly because of engorgement, warm packs applied to both breasts for a few minutes before feeding, combined with massage to begin