Launching System for Sail Kite H.

G Wagner 2007 Tentative Rules for Design and Operation for Kite auxiliary propulsion H.G Wagner, E Gernez, 2007

Design Criteria Operational Requirements Definitions Requirements Failure Modes Identification for all sub components. Causes Risk reduction measure SafeGuard Risk Level High Medium Low Description and Definition of components

HAZOP Risk Matrix E Gernez, S Mann 2007

Kite in water Kite in ship propeller Line in ship propeller

Critical Failure Modes

Kite in other ship propeller Line in other ship propeller Regulation not in place in IMO codes

Main risk reducing measures

Manoeuvring: Maintain kite in zenith position Kite plunging: Redundant system to measure kite line tension. If tnesion under a minimum, kite winched in Emergency release: Captain can release kite by pressing a button from the bridge Redundancy on all electronic systems and powering systems Kite in water: Floating line and control POD Kite bridles break Crew: need 1 human operator to pack kite in forecastle Navigation safety: Restricted operation areas Trafficked areas Coast: generally forbidden to sail from 2 to 15 miles Navigation Safety: Maximum height to fly Helicopters fly at 2000 feet Emergency: No instruction to captain in case of kite in water Change course Reduce speed

Risk

Hp i Havet Troms Feb 2008 Kite research forum Southampton Mars 2008 Marintek workshop Trondheim Mai 2008

HAZOP Memo: Risk evaluation of the operation of autonomous flying kites for ships E Gernez 2007

Comments on existing safeguards on Skysails system

Investigation Profiling

Comments on missing safeguards on a general kite system

Class Requirements sent to Stolt Nielsen Kim Rolfsen, Feb 2008 The following requirements will be used/information needed: Which ship this is intended to be installed on (DNV id.no / ships name) Description of the system. How it is working including interaction with existing ships systems. Mounting of the equipment onto the existing hull structure Drawings Forces Calculation of strengths/forces Description of the Power supply including emergency power. Description of Safety functions / scenarios including procedures established for use on the bridge. Description/consideration of the influence this system will/can have on the steering: Turning circle Stopping distance Zigzag overshoot Description/consideration of the influence this system will/can have on stability." Skysails work on Cable strength: 3*Nominal Design Kite lighting at night Safety instructions on a card in the bridge See Comments of Skysails in HAZOP Risk Memo Risk Skysails system complies with German Sea Man Safety Association after a Risk assesment contracted by Skysails Complies with Standarts for Crew Watch? Design Principles Principles of Safe Design and Operation of Sail-Driven Merchant Vessels, P.O BRETT, 1981 Statutory/Authorities Risk Veritas in 80' Ships with Main Propulsion by Sail General and main requirement for Reefing of Sails and Turning of Masts, H.G Wagner, 81 Cost Services Suggestion to reduce navigation risk using 3D Attention Zones With Thomas Mestl, DNV Research and Innovation Cost Skysails 80/160/320 CAPEX and OPEX Simplified Return on Investment based on Skysails published results 3-5 years ROI, using Net Present Value Method Static Kite performance based on Southampton University model by Wellicome, 1980 Benefit Risk, Cost & Benefit Of Wind Auxiliary Propulsion Fuel Saving Program developped in Matlab E Gernez, JG Kherian, 2008 Propulsion module: effect of reduced thrust on propeller efficiency for a CPP at fixed RPM Case Study Shuttle tanker from DNV Customer Fouquet Sacop Maritime on Bastia to Malta to Bastia route

Auxiliary Systems

Class

Operational procedures/routines Operational Safety Manoeuvrability Navigational Safety

Waste management When kite is in water, not the problem any more of manufacturer Requirements of Port/ Flag States Vessels operating kite now (Wessels, Beluga) could inform

Reporting

Vessel insured by Allianz and Gerling

Needs of Manager? Need of Flag State? Documentation of savings "Comissioning" Benefit Tracking Ref to Maritime Solutions experience SeaSkill Training Course Certification Integrate in compulsory ECDIS using Attention Zone technology Statutory

Smulders, F, Exposition of calculation methods to analyse wind propulsion on cargo ships , Windship technology Proceedings of the International Symposium on Windship Technology (WINDTECH85), Southampton, April 23-25, 1985.
"Kite litterature review" E Gernez 2007 Some wording on project No proper litterature review "Outline litterature survey" E Gernez 2007 Reference to main articles

Service

General

Opportunities for DNV

Subtopic CAPEX and OPEX from Skysails Schedule Integrity Kite model Propulsion module Saving See SSPA Presentation Architecture Results from program Published results Further research with SSPA Theory Matlab Program Benefit Cost

Wellicome J.F. Some comments on the relative merits of various wind propulsion devices. (In Satchwell C.J. Windship Technology. Proceedings of the International Symposium on Windship Technology (Wind Tech 85), Southampton, U.K., April 24-25, 1985). V4b. 111 - 143. Naaijen, P, On the power savings by an auxiliary kite propulsion system , International Shipbuilding progress Nr 53 pp 255-279, 2006. Litterature WELLICOME J.F., WILKINSON S., 1984, Ship Propulsion Kites An Initial Study. Ship Science dept. report SSSU 19
Simulation of the Operation of Wind-Assisted Cargo Ships TU Berlin, Gonzalo Dampier

Benefit

Optimal Crosswind Towing and Power Generation with Tethered Kites

Paul Williams, Bas Lansdorp, and Wubbo Ockels Delft University of Technology, 2600 GB Delft, The Netherlands Fujiwara, T., Hearn, G. E., Kitamura, F., Ueno, M., and Minami, Y., Steady sailing performance of a hybrid-sail assisted bulk carrier, Journal of Marine Science and Technology, nr10, p131146, National Maritime Research Institute (NMRI), Japan, 2005

Min Map Risk, Cost & Benefit Of Wind Auxiliary Propulsion.mmap - 15.01.2009 -