Comparative and
Non-Comparative research
Comparative research
Title Preparing Educators towards
Educational Technology:
Empirical Study of Students’
and Educators’ Perception in
Learning Programming
Languages
Purpose to investigate the students
and instructors perception
toward learning
programming language
through the use of e- learning
material or traditional
classroom (‘chalk & talk’).
sample research consisted of 110
first year students and 35
educators who are taking and
teaching computer courses
at tertiary level from one of
Malaysian Higher Institutions.
Instruments questionnaire cover two
areas:
1- Common Method Used for
Learning Programming
Language (Self-study through
books, Chalk & Talk
Computer-based Training,
Internet resources, other
media)
2- The Drawback of Learning
Methods on Effectiveness,
Interesting, Convenience and
Cost.
Findings First area:
 self-study through
book was the current
most popular learning
method used to learn
programming
languages (84.5%)
◦ CBT method
Non-Comparative
Learning Styles and
Students’ Attitudes Toward
the Use of Technology in
Higher and Adult Education
Classes
Examine whether the
attitudes toward the use of
technology of students
enrolled in Higher and Adult
Education courses at the
University of Memphis differ
based on their learning style
preference.
All students enrolled in the
Department of Leadership at
the University of Memphis
 ATUTSà measure
students attitude
toward the use of
technology
 LSIà measure the
learning styles
 Respondents with
“Converging” learning
style had the most
favorable attitude
toward the use of
technology
 Respondents with a
“Diverging” learning
 was used by style had the lowest
less than half of attitude toward the
the respondents use of technology
(61.8%).
 the combination
between self-study and
‘chalk & talk’ is the
highest preference
among the
respondents (84.5% &
78.2%).
Second area:
 learning Programming
languages through
CBT is the most
interesting while self-
study through book is
the least interesting
(87.3%).
 learning through self-
study is more
convenient than other
methods and CBT and
Internet came as
second.
 most of participants
think that the
classroom teaching is
the most costly
method for learning
programming
language.

Advantages  This research  The research problem

of research examines the clearly stated
students’ perception  The purpose of the
toward learning study also clearly
programming established
language in two main  More than one
contexts (e-learning & instruments used
traditional).
 More than one
instruments used in
order to collect reliable
result.
 The problem of this
research was clearly
defined.
 The purpose of this
 research was well
structured.

Disadvantag  This research does not  Number of

es sufficient to close the participation wasn’t
gap that it raised, the clearly mentioned
need for follow up  Measures of the
researches. relations between
 Title does not reflect Learning styles and
have been mention. attitudes toward the
use of technology
wasn’t explained.