CH 10, Bio Mechanics in Bio Medical Engineering

BIO-MEDICAL ENGINEERING GUIDE.
INC
[BIO-MECHANICS IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING, CH-10: LINEARKINEMATICS-OFHUMAN-MOVEMENT:-]

MOHAMMAD-SIKANDAR-KHAN-LODHI
2013
[WWW.MEDICAL-IMAGE-PROCESSING.BLOGSPOT.CA KHAN-LODHI]
BY SIKANDAR-
[BIO-MECHANICS IN BIO-MEDICAL ENGINEERING, CH-10: LINEARKINEMATICS-OF-HUMAN-MOVEMENT:-]

Table of Contents
CHAPTER 10 : ................................................................................................................................................ 3 LINEAR-KINEMATICS-OF-HUMAN-MOVEMENT:- ......................................................................................... 3 KINEMATICS: ............................................................................................................................................. 3 UNIT-OF-DISTANCE-AND-DISPLACEMENT:- .............................................................................................. 5 SPEED AND VELOCITY:- ............................................................................................................................. 5 SPEED:- ...................................................................................................................................................... 5 VELOCITY:-................................................................................................................................................. 6 DIAGRAM: Fig # 10.2 ............................................................................................................................. 6 ACCELERATION:- ....................................................................................................................................... 8 LINEAR-ACCELERATION:-........................................................................................................................... 8 ACCELERATION IS ZERO ( a= 0 m/s2 ):- .................................................................................................... 11 PROJECTILE:- ........................................................................................................................................... 11 Fig # 10.4 : ........................................................................................................................................... 11 FACTOR THAT EFFECTING THE PROJECTILE MOTION:- ............................................................................... 13 Fig # 10.5 : ........................................................................................................................................... 13 Fig # 10.6 VERTICAL TRAJECTORY AT 90 DEGREE ANGLE WITH RESPECT TO [ w.r.t ] X-AXIS: ........... 15 FIG # 10.7 OBLIQUE-TRAJECTORY :-................................................................................................ 16 Fig # 10.8 [ Horizontal Trajectory [ at zero degree angle with respect to x-axis]. .............................. 17 Fig # 10.10 : ......................................................................................................................................... 19 3. RELATIVE-HEIGHT OF PROJECTILE:- ................................................................................................ 19 Fig # 10.11 ........................................................................................................................................... 20 Fig # 10.12 ........................................................................................................................................... 21 Fig # 10.13 : ......................................................................................................................................... 22
[WWW.MEDICAL-IMAGE-PROCESSING.BLOGSPOT.CA BY SIKANDAR-KHAN-LODHI]
Page 2-OF-22
CHAPTER 10 :
LINEAR-KINEMATICS-OF-HUMAN-MOVEMENT:KINEMATICS: In the Kinematics we can described the Motion [ under the influence of forces ] of a Mechanical-system. The Kinematic Quantities (i-e) 1. Displacement, distance. 2. Velocity. 3. Acceleration. DISTANCE: Definition : The Distance are define as when a body covered or travels from the actual path, so the measured length covered by the body of that actual path is known as Distance. The Distance has no any direction but it has its magnitude. Therefore, the Distance is a Scalar-Quantities. DISPLACEMENT:-
Page 3-OF-22
[BIO-MECHANICS IN BIO-MEDICAL ENGINEERING, CH-10: LINEARKINEMATICS-OF-HUMAN-MOVEMENT:-] The term Displacement can be define as : The Displacement is the shortest distance covered by the body from its starting position towards its final position. So, the displacement is a Vector-Quantities because , its shows us he shortest magnitude of the body covered nd the direction from its initial o its final position. 1. There is a case in which a runner completed its 2-labs so, each labs is about 800m, so, the distance covered by the runner is about ( [800+800]m=1600m ) and the displacement covered is zero, because the initial and final position of runner is same. Diagram: Fig # 10.1
Page 4-OF-22
[BIO-MECHANICS IN BIO-MEDICAL ENGINEERING, CH-10: LINEARKINEMATICS-OF-HUMAN-MOVEMENT:-] UNIT-OF-DISTANCE-AND-DISPLACEMENT:The Unit of distance and displacement is same as the unit of length . That is meter ( In metric form) Km = 1000 m => [.] mx10+3 . Centimeter = 1/100 m => [] mx10-2 . Millimeter = 1/1000 m => [] mx10-3 . --------------finished-here------SPEED AND VELOCITY:SPEED:The distance covered by the body per that time which has taken to covered that distance, is known as speed. Its a scalar quantities, [ its has no involved any direction but it has involved the magnitude because its a scalar quantities ]. {-> Speed = S = Distance/ [ Change in Time ] }; [ Unit: [ ----------]; ];
Page 5-OF-22
[BIO-MECHANICS IN BIO-MEDICAL ENGINEERING, CH-10: LINEARKINEMATICS-OF-HUMAN-MOVEMENT:-] VELOCITY:DIAGRAM: Fig # 10.2
The Displacement or ( Change in Position ) that occurs during a given period of time . [ V = Displacement/Change in time ]; In the description of Velocity must include the indication of both direction and magnitude of the motion. There are two direction of that motion will be present , so if the direction of that motion is positive with there magnitude so, the velocity is positive.
[WWW.MEDICAL-IMAGE-PROCESSING.BLOGSPOT.CA BY SIKANDAR-KHAN-LODHI] Page 6-OF-22
[BIO-MECHANICS IN BIO-MEDICAL ENGINEERING, CH-10: LINEARKINEMATICS-OF-HUMAN-MOVEMENT:-] DIAGRAM EXPLANING POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE DIRECTION:-
And , If the direction of that motion is negative with there magnitude , than the velocity is negative as shown in above diagram. UNIT OF VELOCITY:The unit of velocity is same as unit of speed. [-> V = displacement/change in time ]; [ Unit :
];
[BIO-MECHANICS IN BIO-MEDICAL ENGINEERING, CH-10: LINEARKINEMATICS-OF-HUMAN-MOVEMENT:-] [ ];
---------------finished-here------ACCELERATION:-
LINEAR-ACCELERATION:The Linear-Acceleration is define as following The rate of change in velocity is called as a Acceleration. Formula: [ ];
Page 8-OF-22
[BIO-MECHANICS IN BIO-MEDICAL ENGINEERING, CH-10: LINEARKINEMATICS-OF-HUMAN-MOVEMENT:-] Unit : [ -----------Example: Consider a body which can accelerated in a constant acceleration. That is : At the initial time when race will be started its initial velocity is 0m/s so, its acceleration is also 0m/s2 . After the one second when this car increased its velocity about 2 m/s , then its acceleration is 2m/s2. Than , after the 2nd second when this car or body increased its velocity about 4m/s, now , this car or body gain a constant acceleration that is 2m/s2 . Than after the third second , when this car or body increased its velocity about 6m/s , so in the third second its velocity is 6m/s and its acceleration will be remain constant about 2m/s2 . Key-point: The Acceleration of a car or body is remain constant because the difference of increased velocity in each seconds will remain constant [ or same ] that is [ 2m/s2 => its the constant acceleration of Car or body. Q) If a car which has its variable ( increase or decrease ) its acceleration , so how we expressed it as followed: That is : SOLUTION: ];
Page 9-OF-22
[BIO-MECHANICS IN BIO-MEDICAL ENGINEERING, CH-10: LINEARKINEMATICS-OF-HUMAN-MOVEMENT:-] Let, consider a car , at initial time its at a resting position, than , it will be speed up , will a variable acceleration. Than , in 1st second its velocity is about 2 m/s, and its acceleration is about 2m/s2 . [ Now, In the 2nd -second its velocity will be increased is about 10m/s , so its acceleration will be increased is about [ So, Its Acceleration is increased is about 8m/s2 in the 2nd second. Than , On the 3rd second, its velocity will be increased about 25m/s. Than, its acceleration will be increased is about on that 3rd-second is about , [ ]; ]; ];
Now, if this car velocity cause to slow down , than on the 4th second its velocity will be decreased is about 10m/s. Than its acceleration will be decreased is about , [ ];
Page 10-OF-22
[BIO-MECHANICS IN BIO-MEDICAL ENGINEERING, CH-10: LINEARKINEMATICS-OF-HUMAN-MOVEMENT:-] ---------------------finished-here--------ACCELERATION IS ZERO ( a= 0 m/s2 ):When ever the car is running than its velocity will be same in each second , than its acceleration will become zero. That is Example:[ --------------Finished-here---------------PROJECTILE:Fig # 10.4 : ];
Page 11-OF-22
Discription: The projectile is a free falling bodies , which experiences the gravitational and air resistance forces during the performances of projectile motion. It make a certain some angle with the horizontal surface. That is : [ ]; When ever any body which performed this motion is called a projectile motion.
[BIO-MECHANICS IN BIO-MEDICAL ENGINEERING, CH-10: LINEARKINEMATICS-OF-HUMAN-MOVEMENT:-] Those body which perform this projectile motion are called as Projectile. FACTOR THAT EFFECTING THE PROJECTILE MOTION:There are three factor that determined the Projectile motion. 1. Projection angle. 2. Projection speed. 3. Relative height of projection. Fig # 10.5 :
Page 13-OF-22
[BIO-MECHANICS IN BIO-MEDICAL ENGINEERING, CH-10: LINEARKINEMATICS-OF-HUMAN-MOVEMENT:-] 1. PROJECTION ANGLE: The projectile trajectory shape ( or flying path shape ) depend upon , the projection angle (or direction (slope) of the projection). Key-Point: ANGLE OF PROJECTION [ ] : The direction [ ] at which the body is projected with respect to the horizontal surface . There are three different types of projectile trajectory shape are present , so these three different types of projection trajectory shape are formed by the three different possible projection-angles . That is i. When projection angle is 90 with respect to horizontal surface ( x-axis ) then the shape of Projectile trajectory is vertical up and down ward direction. That is see in below fig # 10.6
Page 14-OF-22
Fig # 10.6 VERTICAL TRAJECTORY AT 90 DEGREE ANGLE WITH RESPECT TO [ w.r.t ] X-AXIS: 2. When projection angle is nearly between about ( 0 to 90 ) with respect to horizontal surface (x-axis) , than the shape of projectile trajectory is like a parabola. That is see in below fig # 10.7 ;
Page 15-OF-22
FIG # 10.7 OBLIQUE-TRAJECTORY :3. When projection angle is about zero ( ) with respect to horizontal surface (x-axis) { or the direction of projectile is parallel with horizontal surface {x-axis}, than the shape of projectile trajectory is like a one-half of Parabola as shown in below fig # 10. 8 .
Page 16-OF-22
Fig # 10.8 [ Horizontal Trajectory [ at zero degree angle with respect to x-axis]. 2. PROJECTION SPEED:The projection speed determined the length [ or size ] of the projection trajectory. That is : Example No 1 : When a body is projected up-ward , vertical direction , than the initial speed ( projection speed ) determined the maximum height obtained by the projectile.
fig # 10.9 {:. Trajectory = Path = or flying Path }; -----------finished-here----Example No 2 : When the body is projected at a oblique angle with respect to x-axis between [ ] . than at this condition the speed of projectile determined the maximum height obtain by the projectile [ which is called as Apex ] and the maximum horizontal distance covered by the projectile determined by the projectile angle , as shown in below fig # 10.10:
Fig # 10.10 : 3. RELATIVE-HEIGHT OF PROJECTILE: The Relative-height-of-Projectile is define as its the difference in vertical distance [ or height ] in which when the a projectile will be projected at initial time than this projectile will be land on its final position . The difference between this two position height is known as Relative height of projectile.
Page 19-OF-22
[BIO-MECHANICS IN BIO-MEDICAL ENGINEERING, CH-10: LINEARKINEMATICS-OF-HUMAN-MOVEMENT:-] Fig # 10.11
Page 20-OF-22
[BIO-MECHANICS IN BIO-MEDICAL ENGINEERING, CH-10: LINEARKINEMATICS-OF-HUMAN-MOVEMENT:-] Fig # 10.12
---------------finished-here----------Q ) SAMPLE PROBLEM: A swimmer crossing a lake that is 0.9km wide in 30 minute ? what was his average velocity? Can his average speed be calculated? Solution: Sketch :Now we sketch the General idea which given on this question that is shown in fig # 10.13 below;
[BIO-MECHANICS IN BIO-MEDICAL ENGINEERING, CH-10: LINEARKINEMATICS-OF-HUMAN-MOVEMENT:-] Fig # 10.13 :
DATA : Displacement covered by the swimmer is that [ 0.9 km = d ] Total time covered by the swimmer for covering the lake => [ T = 30 min ]; Required:[ [ ]; ];
FOR AVERAGE VELOCITY :[WWW.MEDICAL-IMAGE-PROCESSING.BLOGSPOT.CA BY SIKANDAR-KHAN-LODHI] Page 22-OF-22
[BIO-MECHANICS IN BIO-MEDICAL ENGINEERING, CH-10: LINEARKINEMATICS-OF-HUMAN-MOVEMENT:-] [ [ Also FOR AVERAGE SPEED:We do not be able to calculate the average speed of the swimmer, because the actual distance covered by the swimmer were not given; ----------------Finished-here-------------------------CH-10 , on Bio-Mechanics in Bio-medical engineering finished here------------]; ];
X
MUHAMMAD-SIKANDER-KHAN-LODHI OWNER OF MY PERSONAL NOTES
Tuesday, June 18, 2013
Page 23-OF-22
Page 24-OF-22

CH 10, Bio Mechanics in Bio Medical Engineering

Transféré par

Informations du document

Titre original

Copyright

Formats disponibles

Partager ce document

Partager ou intégrer le document

Options de partage

Avez-vous trouvé ce document utile ?

Ce contenu est-il inapproprié ?

Droits d'auteur :

Formats disponibles

CH 10, Bio Mechanics in Bio Medical Engineering

Transféré par

Droits d'auteur :

Formats disponibles

BIO-MEDICAL ENGINEERING GUIDE.

[BIO-MECHANICS IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING, CH-10: LINEARKINEMATICS-OFHUMAN-MOVEMENT:-]

[BIO-MECHANICS IN BIO-MEDICAL ENGINEERING, CH-10: LINEARKINEMATICS-OF-HUMAN-MOVEMENT:-]

[BIO-MECHANICS IN BIO-MEDICAL ENGINEERING, CH-10: LINEARKINEMATICS-OF-HUMAN-MOVEMENT:-]

[BIO-MECHANICS IN BIO-MEDICAL ENGINEERING, CH-10: LINEARKINEMATICS-OF-HUMAN-MOVEMENT:-] VELOCITY:DIAGRAM: Fig # 10.2

[BIO-MECHANICS IN BIO-MEDICAL ENGINEERING, CH-10: LINEARKINEMATICS-OF-HUMAN-MOVEMENT:-] [ ];

[BIO-MECHANICS IN BIO-MEDICAL ENGINEERING, CH-10: LINEARKINEMATICS-OF-HUMAN-MOVEMENT:-]

[BIO-MECHANICS IN BIO-MEDICAL ENGINEERING, CH-10: LINEARKINEMATICS-OF-HUMAN-MOVEMENT:-]

[BIO-MECHANICS IN BIO-MEDICAL ENGINEERING, CH-10: LINEARKINEMATICS-OF-HUMAN-MOVEMENT:-]

[BIO-MECHANICS IN BIO-MEDICAL ENGINEERING, CH-10: LINEARKINEMATICS-OF-HUMAN-MOVEMENT:-]

[BIO-MECHANICS IN BIO-MEDICAL ENGINEERING, CH-10: LINEARKINEMATICS-OF-HUMAN-MOVEMENT:-]

[BIO-MECHANICS IN BIO-MEDICAL ENGINEERING, CH-10: LINEARKINEMATICS-OF-HUMAN-MOVEMENT:-]

[BIO-MECHANICS IN BIO-MEDICAL ENGINEERING, CH-10: LINEARKINEMATICS-OF-HUMAN-MOVEMENT:-] Fig # 10.11

[BIO-MECHANICS IN BIO-MEDICAL ENGINEERING, CH-10: LINEARKINEMATICS-OF-HUMAN-MOVEMENT:-] Fig # 10.12

[BIO-MECHANICS IN BIO-MEDICAL ENGINEERING, CH-10: LINEARKINEMATICS-OF-HUMAN-MOVEMENT:-] Fig # 10.13 :

FOR AVERAGE VELOCITY :[WWW.MEDICAL-IMAGE-PROCESSING.BLOGSPOT.CA BY SIKANDAR-KHAN-LODHI] Page 22-OF-22

Tuesday, June 18, 2013

[BIO-MECHANICS IN BIO-MEDICAL ENGINEERING, CH-10: LINEARKINEMATICS-OF-HUMAN-MOVEMENT:-]

Vous aimerez peut-être aussi