Jornadas de Estad stica Aplicada, Universidad de Chimborazo, Riobamba, Ecuador, 10 13th June 2013

European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC) N. T. Longford, SNTL and UPF, Barcelona, Spain (sntlnick@sntl.co.uk) Annual surveys conducted in the countries of the European Union (EU) Key resource about household well-being Political agenda: Reduction of poverty Cross-sectional and longitudinal components Harmonisation: Similar sampling designs, questionnaires, data processing

Household income Combination of several sources: (self-)employment, pension, social transfers, inheritance, presents, rents, investments, etc. Household-level analysis a household shares all resources Equivalised household size (eHS): One adult: 1.0; other adults: 0.5; each child 0.3 total. Equivalised household income (eHI): eHI = Total income / eHS the key outcome variable Median eHI, eHI50 estimated with sampling weights
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Household income Poverty status: Poor if eHI < S eHI50; Estimation of the poverty rate percentage of individuals/households that are poor as a function of S poverty curves Estimation of the sampling variance (standard error): Bootstrap (with weights) Other measures of (nancial) poverty: poverty gap: average shortfall on S eHI50
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not poor otherwise S = 60%

9879

Subject

10

13

11

14

15

12

10237

11110

11360

12476

12544

13738

14336

eHI

Median

The weighted sample median. An illustration. Subjects sorted by eHI and represented by segments of length proportional to their sammpling weights.

15873

6795

7296

7830

9483

9514

9616

9830

Subject Selections

1 0

2 0

3 4

4 2

5 0

6 3

7 0

8 1

9 0

10 1

11 0

12 0

13 2

14 0

15 2

12476

12544

10237

11360

15873

11110

13738

eHI

An illustration of bootstrap. Selection with probability proportional to the sampling weight, with replacement.

14336

7296

9483

9830

6795

9514

7830

9616

Austria 2010
^ ^ b

Frequency

20

40

11

12 Bootstrap estimate (%)

13

Bootstrap estimation of the poverty rate in Austria in 2010. (Replicate) bootstrap estimates, their mean and 95% conf. interval (dots).

A. Austria 60

B. Multiplicative scale

eHI (2010)

40

eHI (2010) 10 20 30 40

20

20 5

40

10

20 eHI (2004) D. Ratios

eHI (2004) C. Differences 1.5 eHI (2010 2004) 10 eHI (2010 / 2004) 10 20 30 40 5 1.2 1.3 1.4

10

20

30

40

eHI (2004)

eHI (2004)

q-q plots of eHI in 2004 and 2010 in Austria. Dierent scales

Austria 1.6 1.6

Multiplicative scale (x)

eHI (2010 / 2004)

eHI (2010 / 2004) 10 20 30 40

1.4

1.2

1.2 5

1.4

10

20

50

eHI (2004)

eHI (2004)

Bootstrap replicate estimates of the changes in eHI from 2004 to 2010 in Austria.

2004
IE EEGR IT ESPT

2010
IE PTES IT EELUGR BE DK FI FR SE AT IS NO

30

BE

Poverty rate (%)

Poverty rate (%)

FI FR ATSE IS LUDK NO

20

10

10
ES GR DK IT IE NOSEEEPT IS FIFR ATBE LU

20

40

60

80

100

EE GR PTES IT BE SE AT NO IE DK FR ISLU FI

20 20

30

40

60

80

100

Poverty threshold (%)

Poverty threshold (%)

The estimated poverty curves of the countries in EU-SILC in 2004 and 2010.

Poverty indexes Index: a single value national summary Example Poverty gap: The shortfall for a household is dened as (eHI50 S eHI)+ zero for households with income about the threshold

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