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The Importance of Burden in Metering and Relay Applications

My name is Jon Rennie and I'm responsible for ABB's Distribution Automation and Components businesses here in North America. Located in Coral Springs, FL and Pinetops, NC, we have a long history of providing world-class products to the electrical distribution market. We are a leading supplier in North America and we are always working on new ways to better serve our customers. Any views expressed in this blog are entirely my own, and do not necessarily represent ABB.

Pictured is an ABB SCR current transformer typically used inside of switchgear. Here at ABB Pinetops, we are often asked about the burden of a current transformer being used in both metering and relay applications. The burden is actually the load on the secondary, but is referred to as burden to avoid confusion with the primary load. Current transformers are usually designed for either metering or relay applications. An example of this would be our 15kV CTs - the KON-11 for metering and the KOR-11 for relay applications. The KON-11 has a higher rating factor and the KOR-11 has a greater relay accuracy. Let's take a look at metering burden first. Metering CTs typically operate at 80-90% power factor. IEEE C57.13, which governs instrument transformer standards, defines standard burdens according to the following: 2.5VA @ 90% PF (B-0.1) 5.0VA @ 90% PF (B-0.2) 12.5VA @ 90% PF (B-0.5) 22.5VA @ 90% PF (B-0.9) 45.0VA @ 90% PF (B-1.8) The burden on a B-0.1 is 0.1 ohms. Likewise, the burden on the secondary of a B-1.8 is 1.8 ohms. You will see a metering CT identified as a 0.3B-0.9. This means that the CT meets the ANSI metering standard of 0.3% accuracy and has a burden of 0.9 ohms on the secondary.

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Relay accuracy is very similar to metering accuracy, with different nomenclature.

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Relay burdens are usually designated with a C (for Calculated) or a T (for Tested). Relay CTs are typically operated at 50% power factor. IEEE C57.13 defines relay burdens as: 12.5VA @ 50% PF - 0.5 Ohms or C50 25VA @ 50% PF - 1 Ohm or C100 50VA @ 50% PF - 2 Ohms or C200 100VA @ 50% PF - 4 Ohms or C400 200VA @ 50% PF - 8 Ohms or C800 A relay CT will be labeled C200 which means that it is capable of a maximum of 2 ohms on the secondary. If you have any questions about your instrument transformer performance, please contact an ABB Sales Engineer in Pinetops, NC at 252-827-2121
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