Bayog, Josel A.

06/27/12

The AtomScientists

Democritus
(ca. 460 BC ca. 370 BC)

The theory of Democritus held that all matter is composed of small paticles called "atoms", which are physically, but not geometrically, indivisible; that between atoms lies empty space; that atoms are indestructible; have always been, and always will be, in motion; that there are an infinite number of atoms, and kinds of atoms, which differ in shape, and size

John Dalton
(September 1766 - July 1844)

In 1800, Dalton became a secretary of the Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society, and in the following year he orally presented an important series of papers, entitled "Experimental Essays" on the constitution of mixed gases; on the pressure of steam and other vapours at different temperatures, both in a vacuum and in air; on evaporation; and on the thermal expansion of gases

John Joseph Thomson

(December 1856 - August 1940)

Thomson was the first to suggest that the fundamental unit was over 1000 times smaller than an atom, suggesting the subatomic particles now known as electrons. Thomson discovered this through his explorations on the properties of cathode rays.

Ernest Rutherford
(August 1871 - October 1937)

Along with Hans Geiger and Ernest Marsden in 1909, he carried out the Geiger Marsden experiment, which demonstrated the nuclear nature of atoms. Rutherford was inspired to ask Geiger and Marsden in this experiment to look for alpha particles with very high deflection angles, of a type not expected from any theory of matter at that time was a German physicist. He was an early investigator of discharge tubes, the discoverer of anode rays, and is sometimes credited with the discovery of the proton Chadwick discovered a previously unknown particle in the atomic nucleus. He communicated his findings in detail. This particle was first predicted by Ettore Majorana and has come to be known as the neutron because of its lack of electric charge. was a Danish physicist who made foundational contributions to understanding atomic structure and quantum mechanics. The Bohr model of the atom, the theory that electrons travel in discrete orbits around the atom's nucleus Near the end of the 18th century, two laws about chemical reactions emerged without referring to the notion of an atomic theory. The first was the law of conservation of mass, formulated byAntoine Lavoisier in 1789, which states that the total mass in a chemical reaction remains constant (that is, the reactants have the same mass as the products). The second was the law of definite proportions. First proven by the French chemist Joseph Louis Proust in 1799, this law states that if a compound is broken down into its constituent elements, then the masses of the constituents will always have the same proportions, regardless of the quantity or source of the original substance.

Eugen Goldstein
(September 1850 - December 1930)

James Chadwick
(October 1891 - July 1974)

Neils Bohr
(October 1885 - November 1962)

Modern Atomic Theory