Table of Contents

DEFINING FLUID CONTACTS.......................................................................................................... 2 Exercise Overview:.................................................................................................................... 2 A) CREATE A NEW CONTACT SET .................................................................................................. 2 Comment................................................................................................................................... 3 B) VISUALIZING THE CONTACTS ON A SURFACE..............................................................................3 Exercise Steps........................................................................................................................... 3 Comments................................................................................................................................. 3 C) VISUALIZING THE CONTACTS IN MAP VIEW ..................................................................................4 Exercise Steps........................................................................................................................... 4 D) VISUALIZE CONTACTS AS PROPERTIES IN 3D..............................................................................4 Exercise Steps........................................................................................................................... 4

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Defining Fluid Contacts

Volumes are most commonly calculated in the Volume Calculation Process step. Any hydrocarbon contacts to be used in the Volume Calculation process must be pre-defined in the Make Contacts process step. The aim of the Make Contacts process is to facilitate the use of contacts inside a 3D grid. Any types of contacts can be defined as Oil/Gas, Oil/Water, Oil up to, Gas down to, etc. These contacts can be constant depth levels or represented by a 2D grid (surface) and they may be different for each zone and segment. The user has the option of using the same contact for all zones and segments, different contacts for each segment and/or different contacts for each zone. In this exercise you will generate a contact set to be used in the Volume Calculation Module.

Exercise Overview:
A) B) C) D) Create a new contact set Visualize the contacts on a surface Visualize contacts in a map window Visualize contacts as properties in 3D

A) Create a new Contact Set

After having built a PETREL 3D grid and prior to running the volume calculation, the various contacts should be defined in the Make Contacts process. Several sets of contacts can be defined and each Contact Set can contain a number of different contact types. All Contact Sets will be stored under a folder called Fluid Contacts in the Petrel Explorer Models tab. The Contact Set can be created based on a constant depth value or a surface. If a surface is used as an input for the contact, it has to exist in the PETREL Explorer window. Any type of surface can be used as an input. The user has the option of using the same contact for all zones and segments, different contacts for each segment and/or different contacts for each zone.

Exercise Steps
1. 2. Double click on the Make Contacts Process in the Process Diagram. Create one Oil/Gas and one Oil/Water contact. Use the contact levels listed below. Insert these numbers into the cell in the lower part of the window for both contacts. Define both contacts before pressing Apply. A Fluid Contacts folder will be created in the active 3D grid and the contacts will be placed under this folder. Oil/Gas: -1880m Oil/Water: -2010m Click OK and the Fluid Contacts folder with the new set of contacts will appear in the model tab below the segment filter. P2002 (v.7/02) Page 2

3. 4. 5. 6.

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Comment

To get a new contact into your model, press the Add New Contact icon . This contact will be named General Contact. Highlight this General Contact and select Contact Type in the pull down menu. To give the contact a name, go to the Contact Name cell and write the name of the contact. If you want to remove a default contact highlight it and use the red cross icon .

If your contacts differ between each zone of the model, deselect the Same for all zones checkbox. If your contacts need to be specified for each segment, deselect the Same for all segments checkbox.

B) Visualizing the Contacts on a Surface

The user has different options for visualizing the contacts in 2D, 3D or in map view. The contacts can be visualized alone, draped on horizons or visualized as a property grid. The contacts can also be shown on modeled horizons as contour lines. Visualizing the contacts on surfaces in both 2D and 3D is illustrative for showing the extent of the oil/gas zones. Nice maps can be made in the Map Window and sent to the plotter.

Exercise Steps
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Expand the Fluid Contacts and the Contact Set folders under the Models tab. Open the Horizons folder under the active 3D grid and display the Top Tarbert horizon in a 3D display window. Display the oil/water and gas/oil contacts. Open Settings > Style tab for the Fluid Contacts folder. Toggle on Show fill on horizons to drape the contacts over the horizon. Select the Show contact surfaces to also see the contacts as surfaces.

Comments

For each contact there is an option Show fill on horizon. This must be de-selected if you want to see the contact draped over your surface. The same option can be found under the Fluid Contacts settings regarding all the contacts. The Fluid Contact settings will take over if they are different from the settings defined on a lower level.

If you want to display the contour line(s) then deselect the Show fill on horizon under the Settings for all fluid contacts or for each individual contact.

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C) Visualizing the contacts in Map view

Map view is a window especially designed for creating scaled plots. The contacts can be visualized in this window (and printed from this window as well, if desired). The Map window will be described in more detail in the Plotting section.

Exercise Steps
1. 2. 3. Open a map window from the Window menu. Display one horizon from the 3D grid. Display the set of contacts to be visualized on top of this horizon.

D) Visualize contacts as properties in 3D

This operation allows the user to create a property where the cells are given a facies code according to their position related to the hydrocarbon contacts. This may be a useful way of displaying the contacts. The generated contact property can also be used as input for other property calculations, for instance in the Property Calculator, or for filtering.

Exercise Steps
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Right click on one Contact Set. Select Settings. In the settings window, select the Operation tab. Select Gas Zone as the Code above the highest contact. Specify Facies Value Oil Zone below the Gas Oil Contact, and Water Zone below the Oil Water Contact Click Make Property and a new property model called Contacts will be added inside the Properties folder. Then click ok. Display the Contacts property in the display window. Visualise the property on a General Intersection Plane and clip the plane in front or behind to get a cross-sectional view of the mode.

6.

7.

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