Problem

1.5

The following information is collected from students upon exiting the campus bookstore during the first week of classes: a. Amount of time spent shopping in the bookstore b. Number of textbooks purchased c. Academic major d. Gender Classify each of these variables as categorical or numerical. If the variable is numerical, determine whether the variable is discrete or continuous. a. b. c. d. Numerical - Continuous because time can be measured Numerical - Discrete because it is a value that arises through a counting process. Categorical - Because majors can be divided into categories Categorical - Because gender can be divided into male or female.

Problem

1.7

For each of the following variables, determine whether the variable is categorical or numerical. If the variable is numerical, determine whether the variable is discrete or continuous. a. Amount of money spent on clothing in the past month Favorite department store b. Favorite department store c. Most likely time period during which shopping for clothing takes place (weekday, weeknight, or weekend) d. Number of pairs of shoes owned a. b. c. d. Numerical - Continuous Catergorical Catergorical Numberical - Discrete

Problem

1.11

What is the difference between a statistic and a parameter?

A statistic and a parameter are very similar. They are both descriptions of groups. The difference is that a statistic is a numerical measure that describes a characteristic of a sample, whereas a parameter is a n

ample, whereas a parameter is a numerical measure that describes a characteristic of a population.

Problem

1.13

What is the difference between a categorical variable and a numerical variable? Categorical data (or variable) consists of names representing categories. For example, the gender (categories of male & female) of the people where you work or go to school; is categorical data or the make of cars in the parking lot (categories of Ford, GM, Toyota, Mazda, KIA, etc) Numerical data (or variable) consists of numbers that represent counts or measurements. For example, the number of males & females where you work or go to school; or the number of the make of cars Ford, GM, Toyota, Mazda, KIA, etc is numerical data.

azda, KIA, etc)

Problem

1.21

Three professors at Northern Kentucky University compared two different approaches to teaching courses in the school of business (M. W. Ford, D. W. Kent, and S. Devoto, Learning from the Pros: Influence of Web-Based Expert Commentary on Vicarious Learning about Financial Markets, Decision Sciences Journal of Innovative Education, January 2007, 5(1), 4363). At the time of the study, there were 2,100 students in the business school and 96 students were involved in the study. Demographic data collected on these 96 students included class (freshman, sophomore, junior, senior), age, gender, and major. a. Describe the population of interest. b. Describe the sample that was collected. c. For each of the four demographic variables mentioned above, indicate if they are categorical or numerical. a. b. c. 2, 100 Business Students 96 Students Class Categorical Age Numerical Gender Categorical Major Categorical

Problem

1.23

ID Num Gender Age ID01 m 19 ID02 m 21 ID03 m 20 ID04 m 18 ID05 m 19 ID06 m 21 ID07 m 20 ID08 m 21 ID09 f 20 ID10 m 19 ID11 m 36 ID12 f 19 ID13 f 20 ID14 f 21 ID15 f 19 ID16 m 20 ID17 f 19 ID18 m 20 ID19 m 23 ID20 m 20 ID21 f 20 ID22 f 19 ID23 f 19 ID24 f 20 ID25 f 22 ID26 f 21 ID27 m 21 ID28 m 30 ID29 f 20 ID30 m 24 ID31 f 19 ID32 f 33 ID33 f 19 ID34 m 20 ID35 f 22 ID36 m 21 ID37 f 19 ID38 f 21 ID39 m 20 ID40 f 20 ID41 f 19 ID42 f 21 ID43 m 20 ID44 m 19 ID45 m 22 ID46 m 21

Grad Height Class Major School 69 so mr y 67 sr m un 68 jr ef n 79 fr ef y 67 so m y 70 jr a y 68 jr ef y 71 jr m y 62 so mr n 70 so a y 67 so a un 65 so a un 65 jr a un 65 jr mr y 66 so mr y 69 jr un un 64 fr ib un 67 jr mr n 70 jr ef un 70 so ef y 63 so mr y 67 so m un 65 so mr y 63 jr m un 63 sr ef y 65 sr o n 73 jr m y 71 jr m n 66 so ib un 62 so a n 69 so mr un 67 sr a n 64 fr ib n 72 so m y 61 jr o y 69 so ef n 60 fr a un 66 jr mr un 69 so a un 63 so is n 65 so ef un 63 jr ef y 68 so a un 72 so a n 69 jr is y 68 jr m n

GPA 3.19 3.11 3.02 4.00 2.75 3.24 2.93 3.26 3.21 3.23 3.77 3.71 3.20 2.94 3.22 3.34 3.09 3.72 2.50 2.74 3.55 3.00 3.62 2.60 3.63 2.38 2.45 3.28 3.18 3.33 2.87 3.14 3.44 3.85 3.50 2.92 2.80 2.67 2.65 2.88 3.43 3.48 2.91 2.75 3.62 2.42

Expected Annual Salary Salary in 5 Years 40 70 50 60 50 60 50 57 40 100 60 100 50 75 40 60 45 65 50 70 60 120 40 60 45 65 40 60 40 80 60 90 40 65 50 80 50 75 60 75 60 100 45 65 40 90 40 60 50 150 40 60 40 65 50 75 50 75 55 85 30 50 45 75 45 90 60 100 45 60 55 85 55 80 40 65 45 80 50 80 50 100 60 110 45 90 50 80 55 85 35 60

ID47 ID48 ID49 ID50

f m m f

22 19 20 20

66 69 68 66

jr fr so so

mr un is is

n un n n

2.76 3.10 2.61 3.13

40 45 40 45

65 70 65 80

Employment Number of Satisfaction Status Affiliations Advisement Spending un 0 2 550 pt 0 2 400 pt 0 5 450 pt 0 5 360 pt 1 1 500 pt 2 5 650 un 0 4 500 pt 0 1 500 pt 0 4 350 pt 0 6 300 pt 1 4 200 un 0 5 550 pt 3 5 425 pt 0 4 600 pt 0 3 600 pt 0 5 400 un 1 4 250 pt 2 4 350 un 0 2 400 un 0 4 400 pt 2 5 500 pt 0 3 600 pt 0 3 400 pt 1 3 500 pt 3 6 1000 pt 2 4 300 pt 0 2 450 pt 0 5 550 un 1 5 600 pt 0 4 400 pt 0 3 700 ft 0 5 500 pt 1 6 350 pt 1 1 450 un 0 7 600 pt 0 5 400 pt 0 3 450 pt 0 3 800 un 0 3 400 un 1 4 375 pt 0 3 400 pt 0 5 500 pt 1 4 350 pt 0 5 525 un 2 4 400 pt 1 3 450

a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h. i. j. k. l. m. n.

ID Num Gender Age Height Class Major Grad School GPA Expected Salary Annual Salary Emp Status Num Affiliations Advisement Spending

pt pt pt pt

0 0 1 0

3 4 3 2

500 400 450 500

Numerical Categorical Numerical - Continuous Numerical - Continuous Categorical Categorical Categorical Numerical - Continuous Numerical - Discrete Numerical - Discrete Categorical Numerical Numerical Numberical - Continuous