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INTRODUCTION
This unit looks at the fact that matter is formed from molecules. It also compares the properties and behaviour of these molecules in each state of matter and the effect of temperature. Finally, it explains evaporation and pressure and volume changes in a gas, in terms of the behaviour of these molecules.
BASIC IDEAS
All matter is made up of tiny particles called molecules. The behaviour and properties of these molecules depends upon the state of the matter (which is temperature dependent), volume and pressure.
Liquids
Gases
Solids Molecules are veryclose together Molecules vibrate Strong forces between molecules
Kinetic Theory
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PRESSURE OF A GAS
The molecules of a gas are in constant, random, high-speed motion. This means they will collide with each other. They will also collide with the walls of the container and when this happens the molecules exert a force on the walls. This force acts over the entire wall surface. Since Pressure = Force / Area, then pressure is exerted. Recall that pressure is measured in Newtons/m2 or Pascals, Pa.
Kinetic Theory
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Kinetic Theory
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