ASSIGNMENT IN ME 101 JOSE ELORDE B.

OBEDA
1.What is sawing process. A basic metal cutting process that uses a blade with a series of teeth on its edge to cut a narrow opening in a workpiece. Sawing may be used to produce slots or grooves or to separate the workpiece into two pieces.

Bsme 1-a

Types of Hacksaw Blades

Hacksaw blades, designed to cut mainly metal, are categorized by the number of teeth per inch. The standard hacksaw blade has 14 to 32 teeth per inch. The set of the teeth, how they are angled in relation to the sides of the blade, determines how well the blade cuts. Hacksaw blades cut many things from thin copper tubing to unruly rusted bolts. Garden hose, water pipes, plastics and old fencing all succumb to the hacksaw blade.

hacksaw Safety Tips:

Choose the correct blade for the material being cut. Secure the blade with the teeth pointing forward. Keep the blade rigid and the frame properly aligned. Cut using strong, steady strokes directed away from you. Use the entire length of the blade in each cutting stroke. Keep saw blades clean, and use light machine oil on the blade to keep it from overheating and breaking. Cut harder materials more slowly than soft materials. Clamp thin, flat pieces that require edge cutting. If youre cutting pipe, always secure it in a vise before cutting.

Common causes for the breaking of hacksawblade

Figure 12-11.Butt welder-grinder unit. hold the WELD button until the blade ends fusetogether. Let the weld cool for a few seconds and thenpress the ANNEAL button until the welded area heatsto a dull cherry red. Hold the welded area at thattemperature momentarily by jogging the button, andthen allow the temperature to fall off slowly andgradually by increasing the time between jogs. (Allowabout 10 seconds for this last phase.)2. After the band has been annealed, take it out ofthe welder jaws and grind the weld bead with the smallgrinder. Grind the weld area to the same thickness as therest of the band. Check the back edge of the band forburrs and misalignment; grind off irregularities. Afterthe grinding is completed, place the band in the buttwelder-grinder unit and reanneal the welded areas todestroy any hardness that may have developed. See thetechnical manual furnished with each machine.Causes of Blade BreakageA number of conditions may cause a band sawblade to break. Breakage is unavoidable when it is theresult of the peculiar stresses to which such saws aresubjected. The most common causes of bladebreakage that may be avoided by good judgment onthe part of the operator are as follows: (1) faultyalignment and adjustment of the guides, (2) forcing ortwisting a wide blade around a curve of short radius,(3) feeding too fast, (4) dullness of the teeth or theabsence of sufficient set, (5) excessive tension on theblade, (6) top guide set too high above the work beingcut, and (7) using a blade with a lumping or improper] yfinished braze or weld. When a saw blade breaks, shutoff the power immediately, and then wait until thewheels stop turning before replacing the blade.Replacing Saw BladesTo replace a bandsaw blade, open the wheel guardon

each wheel. Raise the guide to the top position.Remove the throat plate from the table. Release thetension on the blade by turning the top wheel adjustingscrew. Remove the blade and install the replacement.HORIZONTAL BAND CUTOFF SAWA relatively new metal-cutting band saw is shownin figure 12-12. This HORIZONTAL BANDCUTOFF SAW is being used in shops to replace thereciprocating type of power hacksaw. The continuouscutting action of the blade provides greater speed,accuracy, and versatility for metal-cutting jobs.Good results from the use of any metal-cuttingband saw depend upon careful choice of blade, speed,rate of feed, and feed pressure. The primaryconsideration in selecting the blade is the tooth pitch.Tooth pitch should be considered in relation to thehardness and toughness of the material being workedand the thickness of the workpiece. At lease two teethshould be in contact with the work. When cutting thickmaterial, do not select a tooth pitch that will allow tooFigure 12-12.HorizontaI band Cutoff saw.12-6