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From: Migration Information Source <source@migrationpolicy.org> Subject: Belgium: Country of Immigration+Prospects for US Immigration Reform in 2013--Migration Information Source 11/15/12 To: john.oucho@amadpoc.org Date: Thursday, 15 November, 2012, 16:37 To ensure email delivery directly to your inbox, please add source@migrationpolicy.org to your address book and migrationpolicy.org to your safe senders list.

November 15, 2012

Also in the Newsletter Latest Facebook Notes We regularly post notes to the MPI Facebook page about migration stories in the news. We invite you to "like" us on Facebook help us reach 3,000 "likes"! Study Shows Mixed Reactions to Chinese Migrants in Africa What Do US Election Results Suggest With Respect to Immigration Policy?

Country Profile Belgium: A Permanent Immigration Country Belgium is often overlooked as a country of immigration because of its size and its less known history of immigration. Yet over the last three decades Belgium has become a permanent country of settlement for many different types of migrants. Our Belgium profile delves into modern migration flows and policies in Belgium which are inching away from a piecemeal approach towards a well-needed, longterm strategy. Country Profile Immigration and the United States: Recession Affects Flows, Prospects for Reform While the United States only infrequently adjusts its immigration policies, political and demographic realities seem to be aligning in favor of a substantive legislative debate in Congress in 2013, one that could see the emergence of a hard-fought consensus between the political parties over the always contentious question of how to resolve the status of the nations 11 million unauthorized immigrants. Its worth looking back

Children Crossing International Borders Alone Have You Read? Arrested on Entry: Operation Streamline and the Prosecution of Immigration Crimes Haitian Immigrants in the United States Also on the Source Support the Source and Advertise in the Source ENewsletter

over past CIR attempts, and this article may help to set the stage. MPI's Kristen McCabe and Doris Meissner provide a comprehensive look at major legislation and events affecting US immigration, the size and attributes of the immigrant population, and policy changes under the Obama administration.

Editor's Note

Keep an eye out for next week's Policy Beat, which will evaluate the prospects for comprehensive immigration reform (CIR) during President Obama's second term. The article looks ahead to the political and legislative landscape on Capitol Hill; and it's safe to say that while there may be an emerging consensus in both political parties about the need to do something, debate over the contours of what a consensus package might look like undoubtedly will be extraordinarily contentious. Before looking ahead, however, it's worth looking back, and a brief overview of CIR attempts in recent history may help to set the stage. The whole concept of comprehensive immigration reform dates back to 2001, when the young Bush administration unveiled a framework that included three key elements: increased border enforcement, legalization, and a temporary worker program. Introduced to significant bipartisan support, the plan was shelved after the 9/11 attacks. CIR was resurrected during major debates in the Senate in 2006 and 2007, but failed to pass for a number of political and economic reasons - chief among them entrenched political opposition to a legalization program for unauthorized immigrants. Though small actions took place beyond that, including introduction by House Democrats of a CIR bill in 2009 and commitment by then-candidate Barack Obama that he would address immigration reform early in his presidency, there was little action of substance. The last time Congress attempted to deal with illegal immigration in a substantive way was in 1996, with enactment of the Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act, which included a wide range of new enforcement measures and increased funding to strengthen border

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security. Even earlier, however, in 1986, President Ronald Reagan signed into law the Immigration Reform and Control Act (IRCA). Under IRCA, nearly 3 million unauthorized immigrants gained legal status and for the first time, a system of employer sanctions was created to reduce the hiring of unauthorized workers. IRCA's promise was that it would end the problem of illegal immigration, by dealing with the population already here but putting in place employer accountability that would reduce the jobs magnet drawing unauthorized workers to the United States. IRCA, obviously, didnt prove an enduring solution to illegal immigration. Immigration policymaking is a complicated business, as legislators in the United States, Belgium, and other countries undoubtedly know all too well. ***

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Border Insecurity in Central Americas Northern Triangle By Ralph Espach and Daniel Haering Amber French Governments in El Salvador, Guatemala, and Editor, Migration Information Source Honduras have historically source@migrationpolicy.org neglected their borders, with Mexican-based Advertisement trafficking cartels the latest to take advantage of the uncontrolled borders. The authors University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Liberal Arts & Sciences is outline the long-standing seeking candidates for a senior scholar position at the full or advanced pattern of government associate professor rank beginning August 2013. The incumbent will inattention to the borders provide leadership in an exciting new cluster hire initiative at UIC focusing probing root causes that on global immigration studies. range from institutional, UIC seeks candidates with an outstanding research record, and a economic, and resource demonstrated commitment to teaching and public service. The deadline challenges to corruption for applications is January 15, 2013. and weak government

structures. Arguing that a See UIC's Human Resources website for more details. focus on the borders per se is misleading, the authors sketch a number of policy If you no longer wish to receive this newsletter, you can unsubscribe. recommendations, including the need to The Migration Information Source is a project of the Migration Policy Institute, a nonpartisan, nonprofit focus on providing state think tank in Washington, DC dedicated to analysis of the movement of people worldwide. services to the neglected areas. Copyright @ 2012 Migration Policy Institute. All rights reserved. MPI | 1400 16th St. NW, Suite 300 | Washington, DC 20036 ph: (001) 202