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Whats new in the Wiring Rules

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Whats new in the Wiring Rules

INTRODUCTION
The purpose of this document is to indicate the changes of major importance which have been made in the new edition of the Wiring Rules (AS/NZS 3000:2000) as compared with the 10th edition (AS 3000 1991). Also an indication is given of those clauses and parts of clauses of the 1991 edition that were omitted as a result of providing a performance based joint Australian/New Zealand Wiring Rules which is as far as possible aligned with accepted international practice and contains a minimum of prescriptive how to do it work practices.

Where possible the technical sense of any changes has been indicated, but where this would involve much detail, the change has been identified and the reader encouraged to compare the old and the new versions. In fact to fully understand the variations between the two documents it is essential to carry out a thorough review of both documents.

In this document the basis of reference is the clause number of the new edition with the 1991 edition clause number appearing in brackets. For the purpose of this document the terms former and former clause are used to refer to requirements of the 1991 edition and clause or new clause are used to refer to the 2000 edition. As further assistance in understanding the changes, a summary of clauses not used from the 1991 edition are listed in a separate section.

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GENERAL COMMENT
Generally, Sections 1 to 5 (inclusive) of the new joint Wiring Rules cover topics similar to the requirements contained in Sections 1 to 5 of AS 3000 1991. However there is no direct relationship between the clause numbers of the new and former sections. The arrangement of the new joint Wiring Rules is as follows: TITLE Simplified to Electrical installations (known as the Australian/New Zealand Wiring Rules). SECTION 1 SCOPE AND FUNDAMENTAL SAFETY PRINCIPLES Generally covers in more detail the fundamental requirements that were included in the former Sections 0 and 1 (including definitions).
NOTE: The requirements of this new Standard apply to electrical installations that may affect livestock.

SECTION 2 SELECTION AND INSTALLATION OF SWITCHGEAR AND CONTROLGEAR Contains requirements relating to protective devices, switchgear and controlgear associated with an electrical installation, which were included in the former Section 2. Former requirements related to the selection, installation and mechanical protection of cables and conductors have been relocated in Section 3. Other requirements related to emergency systems (formerly Essential equipment) have been relocated in Clause 7.10 of Section 7. SECTION 3 SELECTION AND INSTALLATION OF WIRING SYSTEMS Covers those items relating to wiring systems that were included in Sections 2 and 3 of AS 3000 1991. Protection requirements for wiring systems expanded. SECTION 4 INSTALLATION OF APPLIANCES AND ACCESSORIES Generally covers the requirements associated with the installation of electrical equipment previously covered by Section 4 of AS 3000 1991. SECTION 5 EARTHING ARRANGEMENTS AND EARTHING CONDUCTORS Contains requirements relating to earthing generally which were included in Section 5 of AS 3000 1991. Explanatory figures added. SECTION 6 TESTING AND VERIFICATION This is a new Section providing extensive guidance information on visual inspections as well as expanding initial testing requirements (both mandatory and optional) from the new Section 1.

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SECTION 7 REQUIREMENTS FOR SPECIAL ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS OR LOCATIONS Generally contains the requirements for special locations which were included in former Sections 6, 7, 8 and 9, and for wiring of emergency systems (previously known as Essential equipment) in Section 2 of AS 3000 1991. APPENDICES Contains former Appendix A, Standards applicable to materials and equipment (in part), Appendix D, Aerial lines data, and Appendix G, Examples of applications of various provisions of this Standard (in part). The new Appendix B contains information that identifies steps required to determine conductor size and appropriate protective devices with a special emphasis on fault-loop impedance. The new Appendix C contains guidance on the calculation of maximum demand including examples. The new Appendix D (former Appendix D) contains guidance information on the sizing of poles and posts for supporting aerial conductors. INDEX An index is provided. RESUSCITATION CHART The existing resuscitation guidance is retained.

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SPECIFIC COMMENTS

SECTION 1

SCOPE AND FUNDAMENTAL SAFETY PRINCIPLES

1.1 (0.1.1) Scope Former Clause expanded to embrace requirements in respect to design, construction and testing, and for the protection of persons, livestock and property, from electric shock, fire and physical injury hazards. 1.2 (0.1.2) Application Former Clause expanded to qualify the areas of application of the Standard and its purpose in legislative requirements. 1.3 (A3) Referenced documents Refers to the new Appendix A for a list of documents referred to in the Standard. 1.4 (0.5) Definitions Many former definitions have been retained without change. These definitions, even though they have a different number within Clause 1.4, are not specifically identified. 1.4.10 (0.5.11) Appliance, stationary Former definition expanded to include a reference to stationary appliances being greater than 18 Kg in mass in accordance with equipment standards. 1.4.11 (9.0.1) Area, hazardous Former definition from Section 9 moved to Section 1. 1.4.12 (New) Arms reach New definition following international practice to explain this concept. 1.4.13 (0.5.14) Authority, Regulatory (was Authority, Inspecting) New definition to clarify responsibility. 1.4.16 (New) Barrier New definition following international practice. 1.4.19 (0. 5.21) Cable core Reference to dielectric removed. 1.4.23 (0.5. 25) Cable, sheathed Former definition amended.
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1.4.25 (New) Class I equipment New definition following equipment standards. 1.4.26 (New) Class II equipment New definition following equipment standards. 1.4.27 (New) Class III equipment New definition following equipment standards. 1.4.30 (0.5.29) Consumers mains Former definition amended. 1.4.31 (New) Contact, direct New definition with explanatory figure added. 1.4.32 (New) Contact, indirect New definition with explanatory figure added. 1.4.34 (New) Current, fault New definition. 1.4.40 (0.5.41) Earthed Former definition revised. 1.4.41 (0.5.42) Earthed situation Former definition revised to embrace arms reach. 1.4.42 (0.5.47) Electrical equipment New definition to more clearly define meaning. 1.4.43 (0.5.54) Electrical installation New definition to more clearly define meaning. 1.4.44 (0.5.55) Electrical installation, domestic Former definition revised. 1.4.45 (0.5.56) Electrical installation, multiple Former definition revised. 1.4.46 (0.5.15) Electricity distributor (was Supply authority) New definition to explain responsibility. 1.4.47 (New) Emergency system (was Essential equipment) New definition to clarify meaning.
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1.4.48 (0.5.46) Enclosure Former definition revised. 1.4.49 (New) Equipotential bonding New definition to clarify meaning. 1.4.50 (0.5.48) Exposed conductive part (was Exposed metal) New definition following international practice. 1.4.51 (New) Extraneous conductive part New definition to follow international practice. 1.4.53 (New) Fault-loop impedance New definition. 1.4.54 (New) Functional earthing New definition. 1.4.57 (0.5.58) Insulation system Former definition expanded to explain system. 1.4.58 (New) IP Classification New definition, with explanatory notes, in accordance with equipment standards. 1.4.59 (0.5.61) Live part Former definition amended. 1.4.61 (0.5.43) Main earthing conductor Former definition amended to define main earthing conductor. 1.4.64 (New) Obstacle New definition to follow international practice. 1.4.66 (New) PELV (Protected extra-low voltage) New definition to follow international practice. 1.4.68 (0.5.70) Point (in wiring) Former definition amended. 1.4.71 (0.5.30) Point of supply (was Consumers terminals) Former definition of consumers terminals amended. 1.4.72 (0.5.43) Protective earthing conductor Former definition amended to define protective earthing conductor.
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1.4.73 (0.5.74) Residual current device (RCD) Classification of RCDs deleted from definition. 1.4.74 (New) Ripple-free d.c. New definition outlining tolerances. 1.4.75 (New) SELV (Separated extra-low voltage) New definition to follow international practice. 1.4.76 (0.5.76) Service protective device Definition heading amended. 1.4.78 (0. 5.80) Socket-outlet Reference to general purpose outlet (GPO) deleted from former definition.
NOTE: GPO is no longer a defined term.

1.4.79 (0.5.81) Source of supply Former definition amended. 1.4.82 (8.01) Substation Former definition from Section 8 amended and moved to Section 1. 1.4.83 (0.5.84) Switchboard. Former definition amended to remove reference to a control panel. 1.4.86 (New) Touch current New definition. 1.4.87 (New) Touch voltage New definition. 1.4.88 (0.5.93) Track system Former definition amended to confirm busbar trunking systems (busways) are not regarded as track systems. 1.4.90 (0.5.95) Voltage Former definition amended to reflect increased level of extra-low voltage. 1.4.91 (0.5.96) Wiring, catenary Former definition amended. 1.4.94 (0.5.100) Wiring underground Former definition amended.

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1.5 (APPENDIX H) ALTERATIONS, ADDITIONS AND REPAIRS The relevant parts of the former Appendix H have been included in this Clause. Other parts of Appendix H, where required, are covered in appropriate Sections. 1.6 (0.3 and 0.4) ALTERNATIVE ARRANGEMENTS The requirements of former Clauses 0.3 and 0.4 have been rationalized to allow the use of new materials and methods and allow dispensation for installations in areas such as research, testing, educational laboratories and the like. 1.7 (1.1) PROTECTION FOR SAFETY Generally the requirements of the former Clause 1.1 are included in this Clause together with the following additional information contained in the parts of Clause 1.7 below. 1.7.1 (1.1.1) General Direct contact and Indirect contact are introduced as sources of Shock current. 1.7.2 (New) Protection against both direct and indirect contact by use of extra-low voltage. Protection against both Direct contact and Indirect contact by the use of extra-low voltage has been added. 1.7.3 (1.1.2) Protection against direct contact The requirements for providing methods of protection against direct contact have been added. The methods of protection described are as follows: (a) (b) (c) (d) The use of insulation. The use of barriers or enclosures. The use of obstacles. Placing out of reach.

1.7.4 (1.1.3) Protection against indirect contact The requirements for providing methods of protection against indirect contact have been added. Where protection is provided by automatic disconnection of supply the following need to be considered: (a) (b) (c) Limitation of touch voltage to 50 V, a.c or 120 V ripple free d.c. The earthing system impedance (earth fault-loop impedance). An equation showing how to satisfy the fault-loop impedance requirements has been added. Disconnection times. Supplementary equipotential bonding may be used to reduce the fault-loop impedance. RCDs are recognized as a means of providing automatic disconnection of supply for protection against indirect current within specified disconnection times.
NOTE: RCDs are not recognized as a sole means of protection against direct contact.

1.7.5 (New) Protection by use of residual current devices (RCDs) Concept explained where RCDs are not recognized as the sole means of providing protection against direct contact but may be used to protect against indirect contact.

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Reference is made to requirements for RCD protection within the electrical installation in other parts of the Standard. 1.7.6 (1.1.4) Protection against thermal effects in normal service Former Clause amended to embrace the requirement to protect livestock. 1.7.7 (New) Protection against unwanted voltages New Clause requiring consideration of induced voltage in unused conductors. 1.7.8 (1.1.5) Protection against overcurrent Former Clause amended to embrace the requirement to protect livestock. 1.7.9 (1.1.6) Protection against fault currents Former Clause modified. 1.7.10 (1.1.7) Protection against overvoltage Former Clause modified and amended to embrace the requirement to protect livestock. 1 7.11 (1.2.1) Protection against injury from mechanical movement New Clause, embracing part of former Clause, reflecting international practice. 1.7.12 (New) Devices for isolation New Clause reflecting international practice indicating why isolation devices are required and in which conductors they shall operate. 1.7.13 (1.2.4.3) Fire integrity Former Clause amended and reference made to the requirements contained in Building Codes. 1.8 (1.2) Design of an electrical installation Former Clause rewritten to clarify the requirements for the design of an electrical installation. 1.8.1 (New) General New Clause sets out the factors to be considered. 1.8.2 (New) Supply characteristics New Clause provides a guide to the characteristics of the electricity supply to be determined. 1.8.3 (2.5 to 2.8 incl.) Maximum demand Generally the requirements of the former Clauses are included in this Clause as a fundamental requirement. However it should be noted that the calculation of the maximum demand is no longer a mandatory requirement and an informative guide, including some examples of calculations of maximum demand, is provided in Appendix C.
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1.8.4 (2.2.3.1) Voltage drop Former Clause amended and included in Section 1 as a fundamental requirement.
NOTE: Further information on voltage drop is contained in new Clause 3.6.

1.8.5 (2.11 and 2.12) Installation circuit arrangement This is a new Clause reflecting international practice which places no limitation on the number or composition of points on a circuit, but requires the electrical installation to be divided into circuits for the reasons outlined in the Clause. 1.8.6 (1.2.1) External influences Former Clause amended to include reference to environmental and external influences. 1.9 (1.3) Selection of electrical equipment Former Clause has been amended to identify factors to be considered when selecting electrical equipment. Explanatory notes added explaining that electrical equipment may need to comply with referenced standards, carry the Regulatory compliance mark (RCM) or satisfy appropriate essential safety requirements. 1.10 (1.4) Installation of electrical equipment Former Clause has been amended to identify factors to be considered when installing electrical equipment. Reference made to safe and sound practice, accessibility, the need for information and identification and segregation of circuits. 1.11 (1.5.1) Inspection and testing Former Clause has been amended and expanded to include inspection as well as additional mandatory testing for polarity and correct connections. 1.11.2.2 (1.5.3) Continuity of earthing system The allowance that the resistance of the circuit earthing arrangement may be 2 has been deleted. The maximum resistance of the main earthing conductor has been reduced from 2 to 0.5 . Detailed information on earthing requirements is contained in Section 5. 1.11.2.3 (1.5.2.1) Insulation resistance Former Clause retained. 1.11.2.4 (new) Polarity Outlines requirements for testing for correct polarity. 1.11.2.5 (new) Correct circuit connections Outlines requirements for testing for correct circuit connections.

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SECTION 2 SELECTION AND INSTALLATION OF SWITCHGEAR AND CONTROLGEAR

2.1 (New) GENERAL This is a new Clause to outline the requirements of this Section. 2. 2 (New) COMMON REQUIREMENTS Outlines requirements to be considered when selecting protective devices, switchgear and controlgear. This Clause consolidates all the requirements common to switchgear and controlgear. 2. 3 (2.4.2.2) DEVICES FOR PROTECTION AGAINST INDIRECT CONTACT This Clause provides guidance on the types of devices deemed to provide automatic disconnection of supply to protect against indirect contact if a fault occurs. 2.4 DEVICES FOR PROTECTION AGAINST OVERCURRENT 2.4.1 (2.4, 2.14.3 and 2. 17) General This Clause expands the requirements contained in the former Clauses 2.4, 2.14.3 and 2.17 and adopts accepted international practices for protection against overcurrent that includes overload and short-circuit currents. 2.4.2 (2.4.2.2) Devices for protection against both overload and short-circuit currents Generally contains similar information to that contained in former Clause. 2.4.3 Protection against overload current 2.4.3.1 (Part of 2.4.2.1) General Specifies that protective devices shall be provided to interrupt overload currents. 2.4.3.2 (New) Coordination between conductors and protective devices Sets out two conditions to be complied with to ensure coordination between conductors and protective devices to avoid damage to conductors. Two new equations and associated notes are provided to assist understanding of the coordination concepts. 2.4.3.3 (2.14.3) Alternative position of overload protective device Sets out situations where overload protective devices may be placed in positions alternative to the origin of the circuit. 2.4.3.4 (New) Omission of overload protective devices New Clause 2.4.3.4 sets out situations where overload protective devices may be omitted.

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2.4.4 (New) Protection against short-circuit current 2.4.4.1 (Part of 2.4.2.1) General Specifies that protective devices shall be provided to interrupt short-circuit current. 2.4.4.2 (New) Determination of prospective short-circuit current Specifies that the short-circuit current must be determined. 2.4.4.3 (Part of 2.4.2.4) Characteristics of short-circuit protective devices Outlines the characteristics of short-circuit protective devices and contains an equation to calculate the approximate time in which a short-circuit current will raise the temperature of a conductor to the allowable maximum. 2.4.4.4 (New) Alternative position of short-circuit protective device Sets out situations where short-circuit protective devices may be placed in positions alternative to the origin of the circuit. 2.4.4.5 (New) Omission of devices for short-circuit protection Sets out situations where short-circuit protective devices may be omitted. 2.4.5 Coordination of overload and short-circuit protective devices 2.4.5.1 (Part of 2.4.2.2) Protection afforded by one device Outlines where one device providing the appropriate protection may be used. 2.4.5.2 (2.4.2.3 and 2.4.2.4) Protection afforded by separate devices Outlines that the characteristics of overload and short-circuit protective devices shall be coordinated. 2.4.6 (2.19.4.4) Discrimination of circuit protective devices for emergency systems Specifies when discrimination between different protective devices is required. 2. 5 PROTECTION AGAINST EARTH-LEAKAGE CURRENT 2.5.1 General and 2.5.2 Selection of devices (2.4.2.5, 2.4.3.1 and 4.14.9) New Clauses 2.5.1 and 2.5.2 contain requirements from former Clauses 2.4.2.5 and 2.4.3.1. 2.5.3 (4.14.9 and H2.6) Where required Requirements for RCD protection of parts of an electrical installation have been extended. 2.6 (New) PROTECTION AGAINST OVERVOLTAGE Sets out accepted international practices to follow when protection against overvoltage is provided.

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2.7 (New) PROTECTION AGAINST UNDERVOLTAGE Specifies protection against undervoltage is required and sets out accepted international practices to follow. 2. 8 (New) DEVICES FOR ISOLATION AND SWITCHING This Clause sets out requirements for the provision of switching devices for isolation, emergency, mechanical maintenance and functional (control) purposes and includes some requirements from the former Wiring Rules. 2.8.1 (New) General Specifies that isolation and switching devices are required and classifies devices according to function. 2.8.2 (New) Common requirements 2.8.2.1 (New) General Indicates that electrical installations shall contain isolation devices as necessary. 2.8.2.2 (2.20.2) Switches in neutral conductors. Former Clause amended to clarify requirements for where switches in neutral conductors may be used. 2.8.2.3 (New) Switches in earthing conductors prohibited New Clause to clearly indicate requirements. 2.8.3 (New) Devices for isolation 2.8.3.1 (New) General Clarifies the need for circuits to be isolated. 2.8.3.2 (New) Features Outlines the features applicable to isolation devices. 2.8.3.3 (2.16.1) Main switches Former Clause amended with regard to number, access to, identification and remote control of main switches. 2.8.3.4 (2.16.2.) Additional switches 2.8.3.4.1 (2.16.2.1) Electrical installation in a separate building Former Clause amended to clarify requirements. 2.8.3.4.2 (2.16.2.3) Submains and final subcircuits greater than 100 A Former Clause included. 2.8.3.4.3 (2.16.2.4) Alternative supply Former Clause included.
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2.8.3.4.4 (New) Identification Clarifies the identification requirements for isolation and switching devices. 2.8.3.5 (Part of 4.15.3) Motor supply circuits Simplifies the isolation requirements for motors. 2.8.4 (4.15) Devices for switching off for mechanical maintenance. 2.8.4.1 (4.15.2) General Specifies requirement for switching off electrically activated equipment for mechanical maintenance. 2.8.4.2 (4.15.3.1 to 4.15.3.3) Features Outlines the requirements for the devices to be provided for switching-off for mechanical maintenance. 2.8.4.3 (4.15.3.4) Installation Sets out requirements for the arrangement and location of the devices provided for switching-off for mechanical maintenance. 2.8.4.4 (4.15.3.5) Identification Clarifies the identification requirements for devices provided for switching off for mechanical maintenance. 2.8.5 (New) Devices for emergency switching including emergency stopping. 2.8.5.1 (New) General Specifies requirement for providing emergency switching where necessary to prevent danger and provides examples of possible situations. 2.8.5.2 (New) Features Outlines the requirements for the devices to be provided for emergency switching or stopping. 2.8.5.3 (New) Installation Sets out arrangement and location of the devices provided for emergency switching or

stopping.
2.8.5.4 (New) Identification Clarifies the requirement to identifying the means of operating emergency switching or stopping devices. 2.8.6 (New) Devices for functional (control) switching. 2.8.6.1 (New) General Specifies requirements for providing functional (control) switches.

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2.8.6.2 (New) Features Outlines the requirements for functional (control) switches and allowances to be considered for certain applications. 2.9 (2.21 2.24) SWITCHBOARDS The requirements for switchboards have been significantly reduced, especially with regard to construction and arrangement of equipment. 2.9.1 (New) Requirements Specifies the requirements for providing a switchboard in an electrical installation. 2.9.2 (2.22, 2.23, APPENDIX J) Construction Outlines basic arrangements to ensure that any switchboard meets the requirements of Clause 1.9. Following the philosophy that the majority of switchboards are no longer oneoff built on site, some prescriptive requirements in the former Clauses 2.22 and 2.23 have been deleted.
NOTE: Clause 2.9.1 acknowledges that switchboards complying with the requirements of AS 3439 series meet the requirements of this Clause.

2.9.3 (Part of 2.23) Bars and Links Former Clause 2.23.4.5 has been amended and expanded to include earth bars and new requirements relating to the design of fixing arrangements where conductors are terminated in tunnel type terminals. 2.9.4 (Part of 2.23) Identification Former Clause 2.23.5 amended to require identification of the location of the MEN connection if made at a location other than the main switchboard. 2.9.5 (Part of 2.23) Wiring Former Clause 2.23.7 amended and rationalised to indicate requirements. 2.9.6 (Part of 2.23) Access to live parts Former Clause 2.23.2 amended and rationalised to indicate requirements. 2.9.7 (Part of 2.22) Fire protective measures Former Clause 2.22.1.3 amended and a note added highlighting risks associated with wiring enclosures entering the tops or sides of switchboards with respect to the contribution to the spread of fire if close fitting entries are not used. 2.9.8 (Part of 2.21) Location of switchboards Former Clause 2.21.1 amended and rationalised to provide guidance on locations of switchboards. 2.9.9 (Part of 2.21) Accessibility Former Clause 2.21.2 amended to provide guidance on minimum requirements for access to switchboards.

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2.9.10 (Part of 2.21) Emergency exit facilities Former Clause 2.21.2 amended and rationalised to provide guidance on provision of exit facilities for switchboard areas under emergency conditions.

-------------------SECTION 3 SELECTION AND INSTALLATION OF WIRING SYSTEMS

3.1 (New) GENERAL This is a new Clause that outlines generally the requirements applying to the selection and installation of low voltage wiring systems. 3.2 (New) TYPES OF WIRING SYSTEMS This is a new Clause that refers to new Tables 3.1 and 3.2 and contains acceptable types and methods of installation of wiring systems. TABLE 3.1 (New) ACCEPTABLE TYPES OF CABLE WIRING SYSTEMS This Table reflects acceptable international practice in presentation of this information.
NOTE: Other types of wiring systems may be used, see Clause 3.2.1.

TABLE 3.2 (New) EXAMPLES OF METHODS OF INSTALLATION OF WIRING SYSTEMS This Table reflects international practice for providing these examples.
NOTE: The examples do not depict actual product or installation practices.

3.3 (New) EXTERNAL INFLUENCES Although new, this Clause includes provisions for 12 different external influences which were in various sections of AS 3000 1991, e.g. 1.2, 1.3.2, 1.4.7.4, 3.26.5, 3.28.3 and B4 etc., and requires protection of the wiring systems by construction or supplementary measures. 3.4 (2.2.2) CURRENT-CARRYING CAPACITY 3.4.1 (2.2.2.1) General Requirements are still the same in that the AS/NZS 3008.1 series serves as the basis for determining current-carrying capacity under certain conditions. Reference to maximum demand in determining current-carrying capacity and use of Appendix B (which has been deleted) no longer occur. 3.4.2 (2.2.4) Operating temperature limits Clause 3.4.2 and Table 3.3, apply to the operation of and installation of cables. Polymeric cables with normal use temperatures below 75C are considered as not suitable for Australian or New Zealand conditions.

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Table 3.3 (Table 2.1) LIMITING TEMPERATURES FOR INSULATED CABLE Former Table amended. 3.4.3 (2.2.5) Conductors in parallel Reference to paralleling metric and imperial cables (Appendix H) removed. 3.5 CONDUCTOR SIZE 3.5.1 (3.3 and 3.4) General Table 3.4, Nominal minimum cross-sectional area of conductors, following international practice plus an additional note with regard to the use of smaller conductors, included. 3.5.2 (2.2.2.3) Neutral conductor 3.5.2 (b) (ii) (2.2.2.3 (b) (ii)) Harmonic currents Recognition of harmonic currents extended beyond simply discharge lighting circuits. 3.5.2 (c) (2.2.2.3 (c)) Separate MEN installation Earthing conductor size required to be considered in determining the size of the neutral conductor. 3.5.3 (New) Earthing conductor size New Clause added referring to Section 5. 3.6 (2.2.3.1) VOLTAGE DROP 3.6.1 (New) General New Clause, outlining general voltage requirements. 3.6.2 (2.2.3.1) Value Reference to the voltage drop dispensation in domestic electrical installations has been removed. 3.6.3 (2.2.3.2) Conductors in parallel No change. 3.7 (3.8 to 3.11) ELECTRICAL CONNECTIONS Requirements relating to jointing, terminating and connecting cables are contained within this Clause. 3.8 (3.2) IDENTIFICATION Identifying colours of cable cores are set out in Table 3.5 and other special requirements for identification are included. 3.9 (New) INSTALLATION REQUIREMENTS This new Clause brings together the requirements to be considered in the electrical installation, and where necessary, the provision of mechanical or RCD protection of wiring systems and also contains many of the requirements previously included in AS 3000 1991 as indicated in the following references to Clause 3.9.
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3.9.1 (1.4.1) General Reinforces the requirements that work must be in accordance with the principles of safe and sound practice. 3.9.2 (New) Methods of installation Emphasizes protection against external influences. 3.9.4 (New) Protection against mechanical damage This Clause includes requirements from AS 3000 1991, but includes more stringent measures to be adopted to protect wiring systems from mechanical damage particularly where run on or in floors, walls or ceilings, or below roofs and sets out three methods of providing the required protection. Figure 3.1 (New) EXAMPLE OF PROTECTION REQUIREMENTS FOR WIRING SYSTEMS This Figure expands the requirements that were in the former Clause 3.20.2.1 (b) (ii) and applies to wiring systems in walls generally. 3.9.5 (3.20.3.2) Wiring systems likely to be disturbed Former Clause amended and applied to all wiring systems. 3.9.6 (3.20.3.3 (b)) Wiring systems installed vertically Former Clause amended and applied to all wiring systems. 3.9.7 (3.20.3.5) Change of direction Former Clause amended and applied to all wiring systems. 3.9.8 (New) Summary of requirements This new Clause sets out additional installation requirements for different wiring systems. 3.9.8.1 (2.13.2.2) Insulated cables (without sheath) Former Clause amended. 3.9.8.2 (3.20.2) Sheathed cables (armoured and unarmoured)). Former Clause amended. 3.9.8.3 (3.21.2.2 and 3.21.2.4 to 3.21.2.6) Mineral insulated metal sheathed (MIMS) cable Former Clauses amended. 3.9.8.4 (3.24.4) Flexible cords used as fixed firing Former Clause amended. 3.9.8.5 (3.34.2.1, 3.34.2.2 and 3.34.3) Low voltage track systems Former Clauses included.

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3.9.8.6 (3.36.2.1 and 3.36.2.2) Under carpet wiring systems Former Clauses included. 3.9.9 (New) Prevention of mutual detrimental effects between services This new Clause sets out requirements, which complies with accepted international practices, for the separation of different electrical installations and the separation of electrical and non-electrical services to prevent mutual detrimental effects . 3.9.10 (1.2.4.3) Selection and installation to minimize the spread of fire Former Clause amended and expanded. 3.9.11 (3.6) Limitation of circulating and eddy currents Former Clause amended and expanded. 3.10 ENCLOSURE OF CABLES 3.10.1 (3.13.1) General Former Clause used. 3.10.2 (3.25) Wiring enclosures Former Clause used. 3.10.3 Installation of wiring enclosures 3.10.3.1 to 3.10.3.4 (New) New Clauses for installation requirements. 3.10.3.5 (1.4.7.2) Passage of conductors Former Clause used. 3.10.3.6 (3.26.4.7 and 3.27.5) Terminations Former Clauses amended. 3.10.3.7 (3.28.4.6) In direct sunlight Former Clause retained. 3.10.3.8 (3.28.4.4) Provision for expansion Former Clause amended. 3.10.3.9 (3.31) Cable trunking Former Clause amended. 3.11 UNDERGROUND WIRING SYSTEMS 3.11.1 (3.16.1) General Former Clause amended.
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3.11.2 (New) Arrangements This new Clause summarizes the types of wiring systems used as underground wiring systems. A note is provided indicating those wiring systems that are not considered as underground wiring systems. 3.11.3 Installation requirements 3.11.3. 2 (New) Unenclosed cables This new Clause requires 50 mm of sand or friable soil free of sharp stone below and above any unenclosed cables. 3.11.3.3 (3.16.4.2) Additional mechanical protection for category B systems Former Clause amended. 3.11.3.4 (3.16.2) Identification of underground wiring Former Clause amended. 3.11.4 (3.16.5) Spacing from other underground services Former Clause used. 3.11.5 (3.16.6) Consumers mains Former Clause amended. Table 3.6 (Table 3.6) UNDERGROUND WIRING SYSTEM The format of the former Table has been modified to indicate the category of systems allowed under certain conditions and where not permitted (NP). An extra row added to the Table for neutral screened cables. Table 3.7 (Table 3.7) UNDERGROUND WIRING SYSTEM CATEGORIES Former Table has been re-arranged to indicate acceptable installation methods for the various categories of wiring systems. Depth of laying requirements for a Category A system, below a continuous concrete paved area, have been changed. 3.12 (3.14) AERIAL WIRING SYSTEMS The former Clause has been amended and former Tables 3.1 to 3.3 have been replaced by Tables 3.8 to 3.10. 3.13 (3.15) CABLES SUPPORTED BY A CATENARY The former Clause has been amended and the new requirements are based on safe and sound practice. Former Tables 3.4 and 3.5 have been deleted. 3.14 (2.19.7 and 2.19.8) Former Clauses amended.
NOTE: Wiring of emergency systems is included in Clause 7.10.

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3.15 (3.32) BUSBAR TRUNKING SYSTEMS (BUSWAYS) INCLUDING RISING MAINS SYSTEMS The former Clause has been amended to include a provision that busbar trunking systems shall comply with AS 3439.2 and be installed in accordance with the manufacturers instructions and appropriate Clauses of the Standard. Fire barriers are still required. 3.16 (3.21.6) EARTH SHEATH RETURN (ESR) SYSTEM Former Clause amended.

-------------------SECTION 4 INSTALLATION OF APPLIANCES AND ACCESSORIES

4.1 (New) GENERAL This is a new Clause that outlines the requirements of this Section. 4.2 (4.15.2 and 4.15.5) ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT REQUIRING PROTECTION AGAINST INJURY FROM MECHANICAL MOVEMENT These former Clauses have been amended to adopt accepted international practice. 4.3 (1.1.4 and 1.2.4) ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT REQUIRING PROTECTION AGAINST THERMAL EFFECTS 4.3.1 (New) General New Clause summarizing requirements. 4.3.2 (1.1.4 and 1.2.4) Prevention of fire hazard These former Causes have been amended to adopt accepted international practice. 4.3.3 (1.1.4) Protection against burns This Clause expanded to adopt accepted international practice. 4.3.4 (4.15) Motors 4.3.4.1 (New) Protection against overload This new Clause requires overload protection of motors exceeding a rating of 0.37 kW. 4.3.4.2 (4.15.6) Protection against overtemperature Former Clause amended. 4.3.5 (4.19) Room heaters Former Clause amended.

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4.3.6 (4.11 and 4.12) Lighting equipment and accessories Former Clauses amended and expanded to adopt accepted international practice. 4.3.7 (4.36) Electric duct heaters Former Clause used. 4.3.8 (4.22) Electric heating cable systems Former Clause amended to include accepted international practice. 4.3.9 (4.20 and 4.21) Appliances producing hot water or steam 4.3.9.1 (New) General New Clause adopting international practice. 4.3.9.2 (4.20) Water heaters Former Clause amended. 4.3.9.3 (4.21) Electrode type boilers Former Clause amended to require electricity distributor approval for installation. 4.3.10 (4.16.4) Electrical equipment containing liquid dielectrics Former Clause amended and incorporated in this new Clause. 4.3.11 (New) Cooking appliances A new Clause requiring a functional switch for cooking appliances. 4.4 (9.1) ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT REQUIRING PROTECTION AGAINST EXPLOSION This Clause refers to the AS 2381 series and Clause 7.9 of this Standard for information related to installations in hazardous areas. 4.5 (4.28) TRANSFORMERS 4.5.1 (4.28.1) General Former Clause retained. 4.5.2 (4.28.2) Secondary circuit Former Clause retained. 4.5.3 (5.3.9) Low voltage transformer supply Former Clause retained. 4.5.4 (4.28.4) Autotransformers New Clause. 4.5.5 (4.28.4.3) Step-up transformers New Clause.
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4.6 (4.16) CAPACITORS Former Clause rearranged and amended. 4.7 (4.27) BATTERIES This Clause refers to AS 3011.1 and AS 3011.2 for information. 4.8 ALTERNATIVE SUPPLY SYSTEMS 4.8.1 (New) General This new Clause provides a guide to types of alternative supply systems. 4.8.2 (New) Selection, installation and control This new Clause includes a list of standards for guidance on the selection installation and control. 4.8.3 (2.16.2.4 and 2.23.5.6) Isolation and switching requirements Former Clauses amended. 4.8.4 (4.26) Electricity supply characteristic changers Former Clause amended. 4.9 (4.14) SOCKET-OUTLETS 4.9.1.1 (New) General This new Clause provides a list of Standards for approved socket-outlets. 4.9.1.2 (New) Protection against contact with live pins This is a new Clause advising when additional protection may be necessary. 4.9.1.3.1 (7.14) Extra-low voltage Former Clause used. 4.9.1.3.2 (New) SELV and PELV New Clause refers to Clause 7.7 for requirements for SELV and PELV plugs and socketoutlets. 4.9.2 (4.14.1 to 4.14.3) Location Former Clauses amended. 4.9.3 (4.14.4) Earthing contacts Former Clause amended and exceptions added where earthing contacts are not required. 4.9.4 (4.14.5 to 4.14.7) Switching device Former Clauses amended.

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4.9.5 (4.14.8) Polarization Former Clause amended and expanded to clarify polarization requirements for all socket-outlets of the same type. 4.10 OTHER ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT 4.10.2 (4.13.4.2) Goliath edison screw lampholders Former Clause used. 4.10.3 (3.35) Festoon lighting Former Clause amended. 4.11 (3.12 and 4.18) CONNECTION OF ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT Former Clauses amended and expanded.

-------------------SECTION 5 EARTHING ARRANGEMENTS AND EARTHING CONDUCTORS

NOTE: The former terminology used for earthing conductors has been changed to 'Main earthing conductor' and 'Protective earthing conductor' (See Clauses 1.4.61 and 1.4.72 for Definitions) to align with international practice.

5.1 (New) General New Clause which outlines the requirements of this Section. 5.2 EARTHING ARRANGEMENTS 5.2.1 (New) General New Clause introducing international practices for the use of protective and functional earthing.
NOTE: See Clauses 1.4.72 and 1.4.54 for Definitions.

5.2.2(5.4.1) For protective purposes Former Clause amended and expanded to specify requirements. 5.2.3 (New) For functional purposes New Clause reflecting international practice for providing this arrangement. 5.2.4 (New) For combined protective and functional purposes New Clause reflecting international practice that, where combined protective and functional earthing is used, the requirements for protective purposes must prevail. 5.2.5 (New) Selection and installation New Clause setting out selection and installation requirements.
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5.2.6 (New) Precautions New Clause relating to risks associated with damage from electroylsis or galvanic action. 5.3 (0.5.63) MULTIPLE EARTHED NEUTRAL (MEN) SYSTEM Former definition used as basis of this Clause with a note that alternative systems may be used. 5.4 EARTHING REQUIREMENTS 5.4.1 (5.3.1 and Part of 0.5.48) General Former Clauses amended and rationalized to set out requirements. 5.4.2. (5.4.4.1) Connection of electrical equipment to earth. Former Clause used. 5.4.3 (1.5.3.3) Resistance of the earthing system Former Clause amended and reference to 2 deleted. The maximum resistance of the main earthing conductor has been reduced to 0.5 . A note introduced regarding reference to Appendix B for further information. 5.5 EARTHING CONDUCTORS 5.5.1 (5.5.3.2 and 5.5.3.3) Size Former Clauses amended and reference to aluminium earthing conductors deleted. Table 5.1 (Table 5.1) Minimum copper earthing conductor size Former Table amended to delete reference to aluminium earthing conductors. Minimum size earthing conductors in multicore cables or flexible cords reduced to 1.0 mm 2. 5.5.2 (5.5.1) Conductor material and type Former Clause amended and reference to aluminium deleted. Smaller solid earthing conditions permitted under certain conditions. 5.5.3 Insulation and identification 5.5.3.1 (5.5.2) Insulation Former Clause amended and reference to standards for insulation deleted. 5.5.3.2 (Note to 5.5.2.1) Identification Former Note amended and made a Clause. 5.5.4 (5.5.4) Installation Former Clause amended and reference to aluminium earthing conductors deleted. Requirement for protecting connections to exposed earthing clamps transferred to Clause 5.6.3.7.

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5.5.5 (5.5.5) Connections All requirements relating to jointing, termination and connection are contained in new Clause 3.7. 5.5.6 (New) Aluminium conductors This new Clause contains requirements for consideration when using aluminium earthing conductors which were generally contained in various parts of former Clause 5.5. 5.6 EARTHING SYSTEMS PARTS 5.6.1 (New) General This new Clause adopts accepted international practice of presentation. FIGURE 5.1 (New) MULTIPLE EARTHED NEUTRAL (MEN) SYSTEM OF EARTHING MEN LINK AT CUSTOMER'S MAIN SWITCHBOARD This new Figure shows, diagrammatically, a typical MEN system of earthing where the MEN link is at the customer's main switchboard and a separate MEN installation is created in an outbuilding or detached portion of an electrical installation. FIGURE 5.2 (New) MULTIPLE EARTHED NEUTRAL (MEN) SYSTEM OF EARTHING MEN LINK REMOTE FROM CUSTOMER'S MAIN SWITCHBOARD This new Figure shows, diagrammatically, a typical MEN system where the MEN link is remote from the customer's main switchboard.
NOTE: The separate MEN installation and circuit distribution shown in Figure 5.1 maybe applied to this Figure.

FIGURE 5.3 (New) TYPICAL MEN EARTHING SYSTEMS This new Figure shows typical MEN earthing systems utilizing a main earthing terminal/connection or alternatively a main earthing bar and provides guidance on determining minimum sizes of an earthing system parts by reference to relevant Clauses of the new Standard. 5.6.2 Earth electrodes 5.6.2.1 (5.6.1) General Former Clause amended by deleting reference to other mediums and approval required by the Supply Authority. 5.6.2.2 (5.6.2, 5.6.3.2 and 5.6.3.3) Types Former Clauses have been amended to adopt accepted international practice. Examples of acceptable arrangements are provided. 5.6.2.3 (5.6.3.1) Location Former Clause amended to delete reference to soil conditions.

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5.6.3 Main earthing conductor 5.6.3.1 (5.4.2) Arrangements of main earthing conductor Former Clause amended to include reference to the main earthing terminal/connection or bar at the main switchboard. 5.6.3.2 (Part of 5.5.3.2) Size (Minimum cross-sectional area) Former Clause amended by referring to Clause 5.5.1 where former Clause 5.5.3.2 (c) is used excluding reference to aluminium conductors. 5.6.3.3 (New) Conductor material and type See new Clause 5.5.2. 5.6.3.4 (New) Insulation and Identification See new Clause 5.5.3. 5.6.3.5 (New) Installation See new Clause 5.5.4. 5.6.3.6 (New) Connections See new Clause 5.5.5. 5.6.3.7 (5.7 and 5.5.4) Connection to earth electrode Former Clause amended to adopt international practice and part of former Clause 5.5.4 regarding protection where exposed to the weather included. 5.6.4 Main earthing terminal/connection or bar 5.6.4.1 (New) General This new Clause adopts accepted international practice. 5.6.4.2 (New) Disconnection arrangements for resistance measurement This new Clause reflects accepted international practice. 5.6.4.3 (New) Main earthing bars This new Clause refers to Clause 2.9.3 for requirements. 5.6.5 (Part of 5.9.3.1) MEN link The former Clause has been amended and expanded to provide information relative to connection, size and identification of the MEN link. 5.6.6 (5.9.4) Earthing in outbuildings and detached portions of an electrical installation. The former Clause has been amended and re-arranged to provide clearer requirements with regard to the installation of the neutral conductor.

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5.6.7 Protective earthing conductors 5.6.7.1 (New) General This new Clause reflects accepted international practice. 5.6.7.2 (5.4.3.1) Arrangement Former Clause amended to include earthing terminal/connection and reference to voltage operated earth-leakage circuit-breakers deleted. 5.6.7.3 (5.4.3.2) Protective earthing conductors at distribution boards Former Clause amended to provide clearer indication of requirements applicable to protective earthing conductors at distribution boards. FIGURE 5.4 (New) DIAGRAMMATIC EXAMPLES OF ARRANGEMENT OF PROTECTIVE EARTHING CONDUCTORS (CLAUSES 5.6.7.2 AND 5.6.7.3) This new Figure provides diagrammatic examples of the various acceptable methods of arranging protective earthing conductor connections to comply with the requirements of Clauses 5.6.7.2 and 5.6.7.3.
NOTE: The example shows various methods of providing protective earthing and although multiple methods are shown for some locations only one connection is necessary to comply with the requirements of the Standard.

5.6.7.4 Size (minimum cross-sectional area) 5.6.7.4.1 (Part of 5.5.3) General Former Clause amended and expanded to reflect accepted international practice and now includes the need to consider earth fault-loop impedance in the process of selecting the size of protective earthing conductors. 5.6.7.4.2 (Part of 5.5.3) Selection of cross-sectional area of protective earthing conductor Former Clause amended and notes added drawing attention to consideration of size of terminals and that calculation may be necessary if short-circuit current is a consideration. 5.6.7.4.3 (New) Calculation of cross-sectional area of protective earthing conductor An equation is provided for use in calculating the cross-sectional area of protective earthing conductors and noting that examples of the application of the equation are contained in the AS/NZS 3008.1 series. 5.6.7.5 Types 5.6.7.5.1 (Part of 5.4.4) General Former Clause amended and appropriate parts relative to means of earthing have been included in the Clause that now reflects accepted international practice.

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5.6.7.5.2 (Part of 5.4.4) Special conditions Appropriate parts of the former Clause 5.4.4 referring to conditions associated with the use of metallic wiring enclosures, cable sheaths, armours or screens and framework, as protective earthing conductors have been included in this Clause. 5.6.7.6 (New) Insulation and Identification This new Clause refers to new Clause 5.5.3 for identification and insulation requirements. 5.6.7.7 Continuity 5.6.7.7.1 (New) General This new Clause reflects accepted international practice. Star or cutting washers are considered acceptable for ensuring earth continuity across painted surfaces bolted together. 5.6.7.7.2 (5.4.4.2) Metallic wiring enclosures Former Clause amended and appropriate parts relative to continuity included in this Clause. 5.6.7.7.3 (5.4.4.3) Metallic sheaths, armours and screens of cables Former Clause amended and appropriate parts relative to continuity included in this Clause. 5.6.7.7.4 (5.4.4.5) Connecting devices Former Clause amended and appropriate parts referring to continuity of earthing through connecting devices included in this Clause. 5.6.7.8 (New) Installation This new Clause refers to new Clause 5.5.4. 5.6.7.9 (New) Connections This new Clause refers to new Clause 3.7. 5.7 EARTHING OF ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT 5.7.1 (New) General This new Clause sets out requirements for earthing. 5.7.2 Exceptions - special situations 5.7.2 (a) (5.3.8) Double insulation Former Clause included. 5.7.2 (b) (5.3.9) Low voltage transformer supply-isolating transformers Former Clause amended and included.

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5.7.2 (c) (New) Protection by SELV or PELV systems New Clause excluding the need to earth exposed metal parts if SELV or PELV is used to supply electrical equipment. 5.7.3 Particular electrical equipment 5.7.3.1 (Part of 5.4.4) Wiring systems Former Clause amended and appropriate parts relative to earthing of metallic wiring enclosures, sheaths, armours and screens of cables or cords and earthing of electrical equipment supplied by flexible cord or flexible cable have been included in this Clause. 5.7.3.2 (5.3.3) Socket-outlets Former Clause amended and exemptions for socket-outlets supplied through an isolation transformer added. 5.7.3.3 (5.3.4) Lighting points and luminares Former Clause amended and requirements rationalized. 5.7.3.4 (Part of 5.4.4) Switchboards Relative parts of former Clause relating to earthing of electrical equipment mounted on a metallic framework of a switchboard are included in this Clause. 5.7.3.5 (5.3.2.4) Unprotected consumers mains Former Clause amended and expanded to include requirements for earthing metallic equipment associated with unprotected consumers mains. 5.7.3.6 (5.3.2.3) Metallic supports for aerial conductors Former Clause amended to include reference to arm's reach. 5.7.3.7 (3.11 and 5.3.7) Structural metalwork including conductive building materials Former Clauses amended and rationalized to provide requirements for earthing structural metalwork or conductive building materials including exemptions. 5.7.3.8 (5.4.4.6) Constructional components Former Clause amended and retained. 5.7.3.9 (5.4.4.5 (c)) Submersible pumps Former Clause amended and retained. 5.8 EQUIPOTENTIAL BONDING 5.8.1 (5.8.1.1) General Former Clause amended and included. 5.8.2 Arrangement 5.8.2.1 (New) General New Clause outlining requirements.
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5.8.2.2 (5.8.1.2) Metallic water piping Former Clause amended and requirements added indicating that the connection of the required bonding conductor shall be as close as practicable to the entry of the water piping. 5.8.2.3 (5.8.1.7) Other metallic piping systems Former Clause amended and piping systems identified as 'metallic'. 5.8.2.4 (5.8.1.8) Metal cable sheaths and metallic wiring enclosures Former Clause amended and retained. 5.8.2.5 (6.3.9.2) Swimming and spa pools Former Clause amended and retained. 5.8.2.6 (5.8.1.3) Telephone and telecommunication earthing systems Former Clause amended and retained. 5.8.3 Bonding conductors 5.8.3.1 (5.8.2.1) General Former Clause amended and retained. 5.8.3.2 (5.8.2.4) Size (minimum cross-sectional area) Former Clause amended. Reference to aluminum conductors deleted. References to Appendix H deleted. 5.8.4 (New) Types Refers to new Clause 5.5.2. 5.8.5 (new) Insulation and Identification Refers to new Clause 5.5.3. 5.8.6 (New) Continuity New Clause outlining requirements. 5.8.7 (New) Installation Refers to new Clause 5.5.4. 5.8.8 (New) Connections Refers to new Clause 3.7. 5.9 (New) PROTECTION BY ELECTRICAL SEPARATION A new Clause which refers to Clause 1.7.4.5 for requirements where it is intended to provide protection by electrical separation.

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5.10 (New) OTHER EARTHING ARRANGEMENTS This new Clause requires that in general earthing arrangements of other systems listed should be separate from the electrical installation earthing system but if connected thereto the integrity of the electrical installation earthing system shall not be reduced.

-------------------SECTION 6 TESTING AND VERIFICATION

6.1 (1.5) GENERAL This is a new Clause based on accepted international practice that expands the requirements of the former Clause 1.5 to include inspection as well as testing. Attention is drawn to ensuring the safety of persons and avoidance of damage to property during inspection and testing. Alterations and additions must not impair the safety of the existing electrical installation. 6.2 VISUAL INSPECTION 6.2.1 (New) General This new Clause, which reflects accepted international practice, requires visual inspection of the work to ensure compliance with the Standard. 6.2.2 (New) Check List This new Clause follows accepted international practice and includes a guidance list of matters to be checked during visual inspections. 6.3 TESTING 6.3.1 (1.5) General This Clause expands the requirements of former Clause 1.5 by allowing optional tests and other methods of testing with a reference to AS/NZS 3017 for guidance. 6.3.2 (1.4 of AS/NZS 3017) Sequence of tests The general content of Clause 1.4 and associated Figure 1.1 of AS/NZS 3017 have been amended to include fault-loop impedance testing and verification of operation of residual current devices and included. 6.3.3 Mandatory tests 6.3.3.1 (New) General This new Clause sets out tests that must be carried out and outlines procedures to be followed in the event of failure of a test.

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6.3.3.2(1.5.3 and 3.1 of AS/NZS3017) Continuity of the earthing system (earth resistance of the main earthing conductor, protective earthing conductors and bonding conductors). Former Clause 1.5.3 and the content of Clause 3.1 of AS/NZS 3017 have been amended and included in this Standard. This new Clause generally sets out the reason for the test and the required results. The maximum resistance of the main earthing conductor has been reduced to 0.5 . 6.3.3.3 (1.5.2 and 3.2 of AS/NZS 3017) Insulation resistance Former Clause 1.5.2 and the content of Clause 3.2 of AS/NZS 3017 have been amended and included in this Standard. This new Clause generally sets out the reason for the test, the performance criteria for test equipment and provides guidance that care should be exercised when testing electronic equipment. 6.3.3.4 (3.3 of AS/NZS 3017) Polarity Clause 3.3 of AS/NZS 3017 has been amended and included in this Standard. The Clause generally sets out the reason for the test and the required result. 6.3.3.5 (3.4 of AS/NZS 3017) Correct circuit connections The content of Clause 3.4 of AS/NZS 3017 has been amended and included in this Standard. The Clause generally sets out the reason for the test and the required result. 6.3.4 OPTIONAL TESTS 6.3.4.1 (New) General This new Clause lists two tests that may be carried out if considered necessary. 6.3.4.2 (New) Fault -loop impedance This new Clause sets out the reason for measuring fault-loop impedance and the requirement that values of impedance obtained shall satisfy the requirements of new Clause 1.7.4.3.3.
NOTE: This test can only be made when the electrical installation is alive.

6.3.4.3 (New) Operation of residual current devices (RCD's) This new Clause sets out the reasons for and method of testing the operation of an RCD. Notes indicate that the function of the RCD and protection requirements are not necessarily proved simply by the operation of the RCD integral test device.

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SECTION 7

REQUIREMENTS FOR SPECIAL ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS OR LOCATIONS

NOTE: The requirements of Sections 1-6 also apply to each special electrical installation or location where applicable.

7.1 LOCATIONS CONTAINING BATHS, SHOWERS OR OTHER FIXED WATER CONTAINERS 7.1.1 (New) Scope This new Clause outlines the need for particular requirements due to the increased risk of electric shock by the reduction in body resistance and contact with earth potential in these areas. 7.1.2 (6.4.2) Classification of zones The restricted zones specified in former Clause 6.4.2 have been amended and expanded and classified into zones in accordance with accepted international practice. Dimensions applicable to the classified zones are provided (which in many cases differ from the former restricted zones) and examples are provided by figures showing typical zone arrangements and appropriate dimensions. The classified zones do not extend beyond the room or area containing the bath, shower or other fixed water container. 7.1.3 (New) Protection against electric shock - Prohibited measures. New Clause, based on accepted international practice, prohibits protection against electric shock by obstacles or by placing out of reach. 7.1.4 Selection and installation of electrical equipment 7.1.4.1 (New) Degree of protection required New Clause, following international practice, specifying degrees of protection required for electrical equipment installed in the classified zones. 7.1.4.2 (New) Socket-outlets New Clause sets out where socket-outlets may be installed and the need for special requirements. 7.1.4.3 (New) Switches and other accessories New Clause sets out where switches and other accessories may be installed and the need for special requirements. 7.1.4.4 (New) Other electrical equipment New Clause sets out where other electrical equipment may be installed and the need for special requirements. The nominal voltage of electrical equipment installed in Zone 0 (in a bath, shower base or fixed water container) shall not exceed 12 V a.c or 30 V ripple free d.c. Heating cable systems installed in the floor may require additional mechanical or electrical protection.

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7.1.4.5 (Part of 2.21) Switchboards Former Clause amended and included in new Clause 2.9.8 that is referred to in this Clause. 7.2 SWIMMING POOLS, PADDLING POOLS AND SPA POOLS OR TUBS 7.2.1 (New) Scope New Clause outlines the need for particular requirements due to the increased risk of electric shock by the reduction in body resistance and contact with earth potential in these areas. 7.2.2 (6.3.2) Classification of Zones The definition of swimming pool and spa pool zones in former Clause 6.3.2 have been amended and expanded and classified into zones in accordance with accepted international practice. Dimensions applicable to the classified zones are provided (which in many cases differ from the former definitions) and examples are provided by figures showing typical zone arrangements and appropriate dimensions. The dimensions of the classified zones may be reduced by the installation of suitable barriers. 7.2.3 Protection against electric shock 7.2.3.1 (New) Prohibited measures New Clause, based on accepted international practice, prohibits protection against electric shock by obstacles or by placing out of reach. 7.2.3.2 (Part of 6.3.9) Supplementary equipotential bonding Former Clause 6.3.9.2 amended and included in new Clause 5.8.2.5 that is referred to in this Clause. 7.2.3.3 (New) Voltage gradients New Clause drawing attention to the need to consider protective measures to prevent hazardous voltages being transferred to the pool water in the event of an electrical fault. 7.2.4 Selection and installation of electrical equipment 7.2.4.1 (New) Degree of protection required New Clause, following international practice, specifying degrees of protection required for electrical equipment installed in the classified zones. 7.2.4.2 (Part of 6.3.3) and 6.3.4) Wiring systems Former Clauses amended and rationalized to reflect international practice. Any suitable wiring system is allowed provided care is taken to prevent the entry of moisture to connections and water siphoning through any wiring enclosure or cable. Bare aerial conductors are prohibited over Zones 0,1 and 2. 7.2.4.3 (Part of 6.3.6) Socket-outlets Former Clause amended and rationalized to reflect international practice and sets out where socket-outlets may be installed and the need for special requirements.

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7.2.4.4 (Part of 6.3.6) Switches and other accessories Former Clause amended to reflect international practice and sets out where switches and other accessories may be installed and the need for special requirements. 7.2.4.5 (Part of 6.3.7 and Part of 6.3.8) Other electrical equipment Former Clauses amended and rationalized to reflect international practice and to set out where other electrical equipment may be installed and the need for special requirements. The nominal voltage of electrical equipment installed in Zone 0 (the interior of a water container) shall not exceed 12 V a.c. or 30 V ripple free d.c. Heating cable systems installed in the floor of Zone 1 and 2 may require additional mechanical or electrical protection. 7.2.4.6 Part of (2.21) Switchboards Former Clause amended and included in new Clause 2.9.8 that is referred to in this Clause. 7.3 LOCATIONS CONTAINING SAUNA HEATERS New Clause, based on accepted international practice, sets out requirements for Saunas which where included in former Clause 6.6. Information generally includes the classification of zones within the area, protection against electric shock, selection and installation of electrical equipment including wiring systems and provision of a temperature limiting device within the area. 7.4 REFRIGERATION ROOMS Previously covered in former Clause 6.6. The Clause has been amended and redrafted to follow accepted international practice and presentation. Additional information generally includes requirements for protection against electric shock and the degree of protection required for electrical equipment within the refrigeration room. 7.5 LOCATIONS WHERE GENERAL HOSING DOWN OPERATIONS ARE CARRIED OUT Previously covered in former Clause 6.7. The Clause has been amended and redrafted to follow accepted international practice and presentation. Additional information generally includes requirements for protection against electric shock and wiring systems for use within the classified zone. 7.6 FOUNTAINS AND WATER FEATURES Previously covered in former Clause 6.5. The Clause has been amended and redrafted to follow accepted international practice and presentation. Additional information generally includes the classification of zones within the area, protection against electric shock, and drawings showing examples of determination of the classified zones. The depth of water in fountains or water features that requires compliance with this Clause has been reduced to 0.3 m. 7.7 EXTRA-LOW VOLTAGE ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS Previously covered in former Section 7. The Clauses of former Section 7 have been amended, rationalised and redrafted to include requirement that extra-low voltage electrical installations must be either a (a) (b) separated extra-low voltage (SELV) system; or protected extra-low voltage (PELV) system.
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Otherwise they will be deemed to be operating at low voltage and shall be subject to the relevant requirements of other Clauses of this Standard. Information provided in relation to SELV and PELV systems generally covers the sources of supply, segregation requirements and arrangement of circuits for these systems. 7.8 HIGH VOLTAGE ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS Previously covered in former Section 8. The Clauses of former Section 8 have been amended to reflect changes to preliminary considerations regarding approval of the regulatory authority or electricity distributor, accessibility and emergency exit facilities and the need for fire rated construction for sub-stations in buildings. 7.9 HAZARDOUS AREAS Previously covered in former Section 9. Some of the Clauses in former Section 9 relating to classification of hazardous areas have been included in this Clause. Information relative to the selection and installation of electrical equipment including wiring systems and electrical installations in specific occupancies is contained in the AS 2381 series as well as guidance on additional inspection techniques and maintenance and repair methods. 7.10 EMERGENCY SYSTEMS This Clause refers to the provision of electrical services to emergency systems, previously referred to as 'Essential equipment'. Former Clauses 2.19.1 to 2.19.9 have been amended and included in this Clause. Amendments consist generally of changing 'essential equipment' to 'emergency systems' and identifying 'installation' as 'electrical installation' to align with the new definitions. 7.11 SPECIFIC ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION STANDARDS This new Clause outlines Standards that are applicable to specific electrical installations. Former Clauses 4.34, 4.35, 6.9 to 6.13 (inclusive.), 6.15, 6.16, and 7.17 are included.

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APPENDIX A LIST OF REFERENCED DOCUMENTS New Appendix A only contains a list of documents referenced in this Standard. Compliance requirements and Approval and test specifications included in the former Appendix A have been deleted. New Clause 1.9 outlines requirements for the selection of electrical equipment for use in the electrical installation. APPENDIX B CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS Former Appendix B has been deleted. Information relative to current-carrying capacities of cables under differing conditions of installation including grouping and guidance on the determination of voltage drop are contained in the AS/NZS 3008.1 series. The new Appendix B is an informative appendix which identifies the steps required to determine the essential circuit arrangements that affect conductor size and selection of protective devices.
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Coordination between conductors and overload protective devices for protection against overload current is explained as well as providing guidance on the application of the requirements of Clause 1.7.4.3.3 in respect to circuit fault-loop impedance and the test outlined in Clause 6.3.4.2. The fault-loop is explained diagrammatically and guidance Tables are included providing maximum disconnecting times and maximum circuit lengths for different sizes of conductors and types of protective devices. APPENDIX C CALCULATION OF MAXIMUM DEMAND Former Appendix C has been deleted and the pertinent parts will be included in the AS 3439 Series. The new Appendix C is an Informative appendix which contains the requirements of former Clause 2.6, Tables 2.3 and 2.4 and part of Appendix G as well as two additional examples related to commercial and industrial installations. APPENDIX D AERIAL LINES DATA Former Appendix D has been included in the Appendix together with Example 14 from former Appendix G. FORMER APPENDIX E INSTALLATION GUIDE FOR NUMBER OF CABLES IN CONDUIT, TUBE OR PIPE Former Appendix E has been deleted and it is envisaged that this information can be obtained by use of manufacturer's literature or by calculation. FORMER APPENDIX F GUIDANCE ON THE ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS APPLYING TO THE VOLTAGE-OPERATED ELCB SYSTEM Former Appendix F has been deleted as new Clause 5.3 recognizes that the MEN system of earthing satisfies the requirements of the Standard.

FORMER APPENDIX G EXAMPLES OF APPLICATIONS OF VARIOUS PROVISIONS OF THIS STANDARD Only the parts of the former Appendix G relating to maximum demand and aerial conductors have been incorporated in appropriate parts of the Standard. FORMER APPENDIX H ALTERATIONS, ADDITIONS AND REPAIRS Former Appendix H has been deleted and the basic requirements are covered in Clause 1.5. FORMER APPENDIX J GUIDELINES FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF TESTED AND UNTESTED SWITCHGEAR ASSEMBLIES Former Appendix J has been deleted and the requirements are covered in Clause 2.9.

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SUMMARY OF CLAUSES FROM AS 3000-1991 THAT ARE NOT INCLUDED IN AS/NZS 3000:2000
The process of rewriting the Wiring Rules included the philosophy of alignment, where practicable with international practices, as well as removing many prescriptive work practices. Therefore many Clauses in the 1991 edition have not been reused and others have been amended or modified but with the intent of the Clause still being maintained. Some of the reasons for deletion or modification of Clauses are as follows: (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (h) Obsolete definition. Prescriptive. Not pertinent to the new document. Did not reflect accepted international practice. Information provided in other Standards or Codes. System no longer widely used. Covered generally by requirements of Section 1. Change in philosophy.

A summary of the Clauses that are not included in the new Wiring Rules is set out below. SECTION 0 GENERAL INTRODUCTION AND DEFINITIONS 0.5 0.5.6 0.5.12 0.5.17 0.5.20 0.5.32 0.5.36 0.5.37 0.5.38 0.5.44 0.5.45 0.5.50 0.5.52 0.5.53 0.5.58 0.5.59 0.5.60 0.5.61 0.5.65 0.5.66 0.5.68 0.5.73 0.5.75 DEFINITIONS AND NOMENCLATURE Aerial conductor, insulated Approved Busway Cable assembly, flat Cord, flexible extension Danger Dead Direct earthing system Earthing system Earth-leakage circuit-breaker(ELCB) system, voltage-operated Fire-isolated stairway, passageway or ramp Fuse-element Fuse, HRC Insulation, double Insulator, outdoor type Lampholder, all insulated Live (alive) Non-hygroscopic Outlet, general purpose (GPO) Panel, control Polyphase (or multiphase) Resistance area (for an earth electrode only)
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0.5.77 0.5.78 0.5.86 0.5.87 0.5.88 0.5.90 0.5.91 0.5.92 0.5.99

Service line Service cable, underground Switches, linked Switch, single pole Switch, multipole Switchgear, self-contained Switchgear, enclosed Switchgear, partly enclosed Wiring, open

SECTION 1 FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES AND GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 1.2.4.2 Table 1.1 1.2.5 1.4.3 1.4.5 1.4.8 1.5.3.4 1.5.4 Provision for plate or tray between a machine and the floor Fire protective clearances Limitation, reduction and control of voltage Prohibited connections Defects Equipment in fire-isolated stairways, passageways and ramps Direct earthing system Resistance of equipotential bonding system

SECTION 2 GENERAL ARRANGEMENT, CONTROL AND PROTECTION 2.2.2.2 2.4.3.2 Table 2.2 2.4.4 2.9 2.10 2.11 Table 2.5 Table 2.6 Table 2.7 Table 2.8 2.12 2.13.1 2.13.2.1 2.14.1 2.14.2 2.15.1 2.15.2 2.16.1.2 Effect of bulk thermal insulation Semi-enclosed rewirable fuses Approximate current rating of fuse elements composed of tinned copper wire for use in semi-enclosed rewirable fuses Fault-current limiters Maximum demand of final subcircuits Separate final subcircuits required Number of points per final subcircuit - General Number of points per single purpose final subcircuit in a domestic installation Number of points per single purpose final subcircuit in a non-domestic installation Loading and number of points per mixed final subcircuit in a domestic installation Loading and number of points per mixed final subcircuit in a non-domestic installation. Number of points per final subcircuit - Special application final subcuits in non-domestic installations Current-carrying capacity General Origin of submains and final subcircuits Submains minimum current-carrying capacity Consumers mains and submains Final subcircuits Number of main switches
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2.16.3 2.17.3 2.18 2.22.1.2 2.22.1.4 2.22.2 Table 2.9 Table 2.10 Table 2.11 2.23.3 2.23.4.1 2.23.4.2 2.23.4.3 2.23.4.4 2.23.5.5 Table 2.12 2.23.7.2 2.23.7.4 2.24 2.25 2.26

Connection of main switches Fuse in neutral conductor Control and protection of circuits Neutral not solidly earthed Material Metallic escutcheon plates and unhinged metallic access covers Switchboard panels Thickness of non-metallic switchboard panels Fixed switchboard spacings Spacing and maximum cable sizes for hinged and removable switchboard panels Access for removal and replacement of equipment Mounting surface Spacing from edge of panel Fixing Fuses and circuit-breakers Fuses Minimum clearances and creepage distances in air between live conductors and live and earthed conductors Wiring of switchboard panels Auxilliary wiring Manufactured switchgear assemblies Alterations and additions to switchboards Control panels

SECTION 3 INSTALLATION OF WIRING 3.2.2.2 3.2.5 3.3.2 3.4 3.7.2.2 3.9.5.1 3.9.8 3.9.9 3.11.3 3.11.4 3.15.2 - 6 Table 3.4 Table 3.5 3.16.3 3.17 3.18 Table 3.8 3.19.2 3.21.1 3.21.2.1 Earthed sheath return (ESR) system Switchboard and appliance wiring Aluminium conductors Maximum size of single wire Consumers mains General Joints in paper insulated and armoured cables Joints in cables having aluminium conductors Aluminium conductors Common terminals Cables supported by catenary wire Approximate mass of cables Minimum sag for 8.5 mm2 galvanized low carbon steel catenary wire Types of wiring enclosures for underground wiring systems Bare conductors other than aerial and earthing conductors Open wiring Open wiring distance between supports In concrete General Class of cable
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3.21.3 3.22 3.23 Table 3.9 3.24.1 Table 3.10 3.24.3 Table 3.11 Table 3.12 3.24.5 3.24.6 3.26 3.27 3.28 3.29 3.30 3.31.2.1 3.31.3.1 3.31.3.3 3.31.4.1 3.31.4.3 3.32 3.33 3.34 3.34.4 - .9 3.35 3.36

Fittings Neutralscreened cable Aluminium cables Minimum bending radius for aluminium sheathed cable Flexible cords Types and applications Types of elastomer or PVC flexible cords Support by flexible cord Application of flexible cords Mass supported by flexible cords Flexible pendants prohibited locations Held in position Metallic conduits and fittings Flexible conduit (3.27.5 is covered) Rigid non-metallic conduits (3.28.4.4 and .6 are covered) Corrugated non-metallic conduit Number of cables in conduit, tube or pipe Materials and construction Accessibility Location of accessories General Unsheathed cables Busways Flat cable assemblies Low voltage track systems (3.34.2 and 3.34.3 are covered) Low voltage track systems Festoon lighting (3.35.6 is covered) Undercarpet wiring systems (3.36.2.1 and 3.36.2.2 are covered)

SECTION 4 EQUIPMENT 4.2.1 Switches General 4.2.2 Pendant switches 4.2.3 Cord-line switches 4.2.4 Switch lamp-holders 4.3 Circuit breakers (4.3.3 is covered) 4.4 Thermal circuit-opening devices (other than fuses) 4.5 Fuses 4.6 Mounting and protection of accessories (4.6.1.3 covered by segregation) 4.8 Mounting blocks 4.9 Ceiling roses 4.10 Suspended lamp-holders, luminaires and socket-outlets 4.13 Lamp-holders (4.13.4.2 is covered) Table 4.1 Rating of lamp-holders 4.15.1 Connection 4.15.4 Limitation of starting and transient current 4.16.4.2 Special materials 4.17 Radio interference suppression devices
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4.18.1.2 4.18.2 4.19.2 4.20.3 4.20.4 4.20.5 4.20.6 4.21 4.22 4.23 4.24 4.25 4.28.3.2 4.28.4 4.28.5 4.28.6.2 4.29 4.30 4.32 4.33

Appliances supplied from a busway, cable trunking, track system or similar wiring system Portable appliances Where suspended Mounting Connection Arrangement of conduit Earthing Electrode type boilers (Part of 4.21.1 is covered) Electric heating cable systems (4.22.3 and 4.22.4 are covered) Electric discharge illumination systems Welding machines not manually operated Manually operated arc welding equipment Additional requirements for high voltage Autotransformers Supports and enclosures Special materials Inductors and resistors Static rectifiers Bell-ringing and signalling transformers and circuits Refrigeration plants

SECTION 5 EARTHING 5.2 5.3.2.4(b) 5.3.5 5.3.6 5.4.3.3 5.5.5.5 5.9.1 5.9.2 5.9.3.3 Table 5.2 5.10.1 5.10.3 Systems of earthing For direct earthing system High voltage equipment Explosion protected equipment Restricted connections Crimped joints Resistance to earth Number of earth electrodes Connections between neutral and earthing conductors Minimum size of neutral conductor for aerial submains for separate MEN installation Resistance to earth Earthing of exposed metal in outbuildings

SECTION 6 SPECIAL SITUATIONS 6.2 6.3 Figure 6.1 6.4 Figure 6.2 6.8 Damp situations Swimming and spa pools Guide to delineation of a pool zone Damp situations near baths, showers and other fixed water containers Guide to restricted zones in damp situations near baths, showers and other fixed water containers Theatres and public halls

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SECTION 7 EXTRA-LOW VOLTAGE INSTALLATIONS Former Section 7 has been completely rewritten and is now Clause 7.7. Some of the requirements from the former Section 7 are included in the new Clause. SECTION 8 HIGH VOLTAGE INSTALLATIONS The former requirements of Section 8 have been included in the new Clause 7.8 with minor amendments. SECTION 9 HAZARDOUS AREAS Only former Clause 9.4 has been used in the new Clause 7.9. Information relating to equipment, wiring systems and specific occupancies is in the AS 2381 series. APPENDICES APPENDIX A STANDARDS APPLICABLE TO MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT A1.2.2 A1.2.3 A1.2.4 A1.2.5 A2 Declared type or class Non declared type or class Equipment for use in hazardous areas Electromedical equipment Approval and test specifications

APPENDIX B CABLE AND CONDUCTOR TABLES All deleted. APPENDIX C CURRENT CARRYING CAPACITY OF COPPER AND ALUMINIUM BUSBARS All deleted. APPENDIX E INSTALLATION GUIDE FOR NUMBER OF CABLES IN CONDUIT, TUBE OR PIPE All deleted. APPENDIX F GUIDANCE ON THE ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS APPLYING TO THE VOLTAGE-OPERATED ELCB SYSTEM All deleted. APPENDIX G EXAMPLES OF APPLICATIONS OF VARIOUS PROVISIONS OF THIS STANDARD Only examples 1-3 (inclusive) and 14 used in the new Wiring Rules. APPENDIX H ALTERATIONS, ADDITIONS AND REPAIRS All deleted except Paragraph H2.1 is referenced in the new Wiring Rules. APPENDIX J GUIDELINES FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF TESTED AND UNTESTED SWITCHGEAR ASSEMBLIES All deleted. ---------------------------COPYRIGHT

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