Piping & Instrumentation Diagrams

Norman G. Stone

Dean Foods Company Director of Engineering Safety & Environmental Affairs 1415 East 5050 South Ogden, UT 84043 801.629.4503 office 801.791.6682 cell

P&IDs
Piping & Instrumentation Diagrams Some people say PI&Ds Draw with operator and trainee in mind Draw so that you can see inside the

vessels Ammonia refrigeration slant

PSM/RMP Recent Results

Nationally (my opinion) not good, if it is based

on recent incidents California very good Dean Foods Company very good Factors in DF results:

Importance of refrigeration System age/proven/bugs ironed out Cows produce every day so most of our plants run 24/7 Knowledgeable operators Training

Ammonia Refrigeration
Temperature is Determined by the Pressure Boiling point is minus 28 F at 0 psi (sea

level) 33 psig = 20 F 25 psig = 12 F 151.7 psig = 85 F 8.8 Hg = minus 40 F Weighs approximately 5 lbs per gallon varies some based on temperature

Ammonia Refrigeration

Ammonia Refrigeration

Standard Symbols Consensus not Mandatory

ISA International Society of Automation

(Formerly Instrument Society of America) 67 Alexander Drive P.O. Box 12277 Research Triangle Park, NC 27709 (919) 549-8411 standards@isa.org

Standard Symbols Consensus not Mandatory

ANSI/ISA-5.1-2009 ISA-5.1-1984 (R1992)

Formerly ANSI/ISA-5.1-1984 (R1992)

Google Search
ansi

isa S5.1 then select S51-ANSI removed.fm Copyrighted document

Selected Products Available from ISA

P&ID Clip Symbols Version 2.0 (CD)

$99.00/$90.00 Reading a P&ID $69.00/$60.00 Control System Documentation: Applying Symbols and Identification, 2nd Edition Annual Membership $100.00

Piping & Instrumentation Diagrams For any Process

Food Processes Chemical Processes Petroleum Processes Air Conditioning

Ammonia Refrigeration Processes

Definition of Piping and Instrumentation Diagram

A piping and instrumentation

diagram/drawing (P&ID) is a diagram in the process industry which shows the piping of the process flow together with the installed equipment and instrumentation.

Definition of Piping and Instrumentation Diagram Institute of Instrumentation and Control

A set of drawings that describe a

process A set of drawings that provides sufficient information to enable anyone who has a reasonable amount of (ammonia refrigeration) process knowledge to understand the process

Uses of P&IDs
Essential tool in preparing & implementing

CalARP, PSM & RMP Emergency Preparedness Design stage (Planning a job) Visual reference line branches, valving, sensors, etc. Process Hazard Analysis & Revalidations Incident Investigation Operating Procedures (SOPs) Role in modification (MOCs)

Uses of P&IDs
Demonstrate the physical sequence of

equipment and systems Role in maintenance (Troubleshooting) Key piping and instrument details Control and shutdown schemes Safety and regulatory requirements Basic start up and operational information

Uses of P&IDs
Operator understanding and

communicating about a process Records as-built state of the process (Maintaining a process operation) Training (trainees trace P&IDs) Writing a job safety analysis (JSA) Lockout/Tagout Writing pump-out procedures

NOT INTENDED USE P&IDs

Emergency Responders

What Belongs on NH3 P&ID

Title Block Ammonia Piping, Sizes and

Identifications All Valves and their Identifications including Safety Relief Valves King Valves Identification Purge Valves, Vents, Drains, Special Fittings and Reducers

What Belongs on NH3 P&ID

Pressure Vessels, Compressors, Condensers,

Evaporators, Heat Exchangers, Pumps, Purgers and Transfer Equipment. Regulators, Level Probes & Float Switches, Level Indicators and Solenoid Valves Controls Valve & Line Designations/Numbers and Equipment Identification

What Belongs on NH3 P&ID

Gauges & Purge Valves Ammonia Sensors Locations / Control Safety Relief Valve Specifications Flow Direction Line Sizes & Reducers

MAWP & MDMT for Vessels

What is not Necessary on P&IDs

Color Coding Equipment to Scale Non-Process Equipment & Lines Professional Draftsmen All on Single Page

Excessive Text - (Find Detailed Process

Safety Information on ASME Data Sheets, Factory Dwgs., etc)

Scale of P&IDs
No Scale All line widths normally the same A short line may appear longer than a

long line Two lines that cross over each other without any break means those two pipes are actually connected simple space or U

Verification of P&IDs
Verify against field conditions Visually check every line, safety relief

valve, valve or other P&ID Item against the as-built system

Electronic or Paper Versions of P&IDs

AutoCAD drawings are very nice

Attributes permit adding visible & hidden text Can print attributes Difficult to draw and takes more time Easier to change

Pencil & Paper drawings acceptable

A symbol for a certain type of valve may

look slightly different from plant to plant

Symbols for NH3 Ref. P&IDs Globe Valves

Symbols for NH3 Ref. P&IDs Angle Valves

Symbols for NH3 Ref. P&IDs Other Valves

Symbols for NH3 Ref. P&IDs Other Valves

Symbols for NH3 Ref. P&IDs King Valve

Symbols for NH3 Ref. P&IDs Flags & Flow Direction

Symbols for NH3 Ref. P&IDs Float Switches & Solenoid Valve

Symbols for NH3 Ref. P&IDs Vessel Level Column

Symbols for NH3 Ref. P&IDs 3 Way Valve & Dual SRVs

Air to Ammonia Multiplier

Symbols for NH3 Ref. P&IDs Lines

P&ID NOTEBOOK
P&IDS Flow Diagrams Equipment List Line List Valve List SRV List ASME Manufacturers Data Reports Ammonia Inventory Equipment Drawings

QUESTIONS??