Abdominal pain is pain that is felt in the abdomen.

The abdomen is an anatomical area that is bounded by the lower margin of the ribs and diaphragm above, the pelvic bone (pubic ramus) below, and the flanks on each side. Although abdominal pain can arise from the tissues of the abdominal wall that surround the abdominal cavity (such as the skin and abdominal wall muscles), the term abdominal pain generally is used to describe pain originating from organs within the abdominal cavity. Organs of the abdomen include the stomach, small intestine, colon, liver, gallbladder, spleen, and pancreas.

Abdominal Pain Nursing Care Plan - Acute Pain Nursing Assessment:

1. General: Anorexia and malaise, fever, tachycardia, diaphoresis, pale, abdominal rigidity, failure to issue a rectal feces or flatus, increased bowel sounds (early obstruction), decreased bowel sounds (advanced), retention of urination and leukocytosis. 2. Specific: Small intestine Weight, such as cramping abdominal pain, distension increased mild distension Nausea Vomiting: at the beginning containing food is not digested and kim; water and then vomit contains bile, black and faecal Dehydration Colon mild abdominal discomfort severe distension Vomiting latent faecal latent Dehydration: acidosis rarely

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Nursing Diagnosis and Nursing Intervention for Abdominal Pain Nursing Care Plan - Acute Pain Pain related to distention, rigidity Goal: pain is resolved or controlled Criteria for outcome: patients revealed a decrease discomfort; expressed pain at tolerable levels, indicating relaxed. Intervention:

Maintain bed rest in a comfortable position, do not support the knee. Assess the location, weight and type of pain Assess effectiveness and monitor side effects anlgesik; avoid morphine Provide a planned rest period. Review and recommend doing lathan active or passive range of motion every 4 hours. Change positions frequently and give her back rubbing and skin care. Auscultation bowel sounds; kekauan or notice increasing pain; give enema slowly when ordered. Give and recommend alternative pain relief measures.

Acute pain related to the accumulation of hard stool in the abdomen Goal: show pain has been reduced Expected Outcomes:

Relaxation techniques individually demonstrate effective to achieve comfort Maintaining the level of pain on a small scale Reported physical and psychological health Recognize factors and using measures to prevent pain Using action to reduce the pain with analgesics and non-analgesic appropriately

Nursing Interventions Acute Pain related to Constipation 1. Help the patient to focus more on the activity of the pain by doing penggalihan through television or radio. Rationale: The client can distract from pain. 2. Note that the elderly have increased sensitivity to the analgesic effects of opiates. Rational: Be careful in giving anlgesik opiates. 3. Consider the possibility of drug interactions in the elderly. Rational: Be careful in the provision of drugs in the elderly. 4. Ask the patient to assess pain or lack of comfort on a scale of 0-10 Rationale: Knowing the client's level of perceived pain 5. Use the pain flow sheet Rationale: Knowing the characteristics of pain 6. Perform a comprehensive pain assessment Rational: In order for the specific pain mngetahui 7. Instruct patient to meminformasikan on nurses if the pain-reducing achieved less Rationale: Nurses can perform appropriate action in addressing the client's pain 8. Give pain neighbor information Rational: In order for the patient does not feel anxious.

Nursing diagnosis: acute Pain related to Hyperperistalsis, prolonged diarrhea, skin and tissue irritation, perirectal excoriation, fissures, fistulas Possibly evidenced by Reports of colicky, cramping abdominal pain; referred pain Guarding or distraction behaviors, restlessness Facial mask of pain; self-focusing Desired Outcomes/Evaluation CriteriaClient Will Pain Level Report pain is relieved or controlled. Appear relaxed and able to sleep and rest appropriately. Nursing intervention with rationale: 1. Encourage client to report pain. Rationale: May try to tolerate pain rather than request analgesics. 2. Assess reports of abdominal cramping or pain, noting location, duration, and intensity (such as 010 scale). Investigate and report changes in pain characteristics. Rationale: Colicky intermittent pain occurs with Crohns disease. Predefecation pain frequently occurs in UC with urgency, wh ich may be severe and continuous. Changes in pain characteristics may indicate spread of disease or developing complications, such as bladder fistula, perforation, and toxic megacolon. 3. Note nonverbal cues, such as restlessness, reluctance to move, abdominal guarding, withdrawal, and depression. Investigate discrepancies between verbal and nonverbal cues. Rationale: Body language or nonverbal cues may be both physiological and psychological and may be used in conjunction with verbal cues to determine extent and severity of the problem. 4. Review factors that aggravate or alleviate pain. Rationale: May pinpoint precipitating or aggravating factors (e.g., stressful events, food intolerance) or identify developing complications. 5. Encourage client to assume position of comfort, such as knees flexed. Rationale: Reduces abdominal tension and promotes sense of control.

6. Provide comfort measures (e.g., back rub, reposition) and diversional activities. Rationale: Promotes relaxation, refocuses attention, and may enhance coping abilities. 7. Cleanse rectal area with mild soap and water (or wipes) after each stool and provide skin care with a moisture barrier ointment (e.g., A&D ointment, Sween ointment, karaya gel, Desitin, petroleum jelly, zinc oxide, dimethicone). Rationale: Protects skin from bowel acids, preventing excoriation. 8. Implement prescribed dietary modifications, for example, commence with liquids and increase to solid foods as tolerated. Rationale: Complete bowel rest can reduce pain and cramping. 9. Provide sitz bath, as appropriate. Rationale: Enhances cleanliness and comfort in the presence of perianal irritation and fissures. 10. Observe and record abdominal distension, increased temperature, and decreased BP. Rationale: May indicate developing intestinal obstruction from inflammation, edema, and scarring.