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Design and drawing of RC Structures

CV61
Dr. G.S.Suresh Civil Engineering Department The National Institute of Engineering Mysore-570 008 Mob: 9342188467 Email: gss_nie@yahoo.com

Portal frames

Learning out Come


Review of Design of Portal Frames Design example Continued

INTRODUCTION Step1: Design of slabs Step2: Preliminary design of beams and columns Step3: Analysis Step4: Design of beams Step5: Design of Columns Step6: Design of footings

PROBLEM 2

PROBLEM 2

A portal frame hinged at base has following data: Spacing of portal frames = 4m Height of columns = 4m Distance between column centers = 10m Live load on roof = 1.5 kN/m2 RCC slab continuous over portal frames. Safe bearing capacity of soil=200 kN/m2 Adopt M-20 grade concrete and Fe-415 steel. Design the slab, portal frame and foundations and sketch the details of reinforcements.
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Data given: Spacing of frames = 4m Span of portal frame = 10m Height of columns = 4m Live load on roof = 1.5 kN/m2 Concrete: M20 grade Steel: Fe 415

Step1:Design of slab
Assume over all depth of slab as 120mm and effective depth as 100mm Self weight of slab = 0.12 x 24 = 2.88 kN/m2 Weight of roof finish = 0.50 kN/m2 (assumed) Ceiling finish = 0.25 kN/m2 (assumed) Total dead load wd = 3.63 kN/m2 Live load wL = 1.50 kN/m2 (Given in the data) Maximum service load moment at interior support = w d L9 w L L9 = 8.5 kN-m +
9 9 9
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Step1:Design of slab (Contd)


Mulim=Qlimbd2 (Qlim=2.76) = 2.76 x 1000 x 1002 / 1 x 106 = 27.6 kN-m > 12.75 kN-m
9 Mu 9 9 .9 9 x9 9 = =9 .9 9 9 9 9 bd 9 9 9 9 x1 1 1

From table 2 of SP16 pt=0.384; Ast=(0.384 x 1000 x 100)/100= 384 mm2 Spacing of 10 mm dia bars = (78.54 x 1000)/384= 204.5 mm c/c Provide #10 @ 200 c/c
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Step1:Design of slab (Contd)

Area of distribution steel Adist=0.12 x 1000 x 120 / 100 = 144 mm2 Spacing of 8 mm dia bars = (50.26 x 1000)/144= 349 mm c/c Provide #8 @ 340 c/c. Main and dist. reinforcement in the slab is shown in Fig
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Step1:Design of slab (Contd)

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Step2: Preliminary design of beams and columns

Beam: Effective span = 10m Effective depth based on deflection criteria = 10000/13 = 769.23mm Assume over all depth as 750 mm with effective depth = 700mm, breadth b = 450mm and column section equal to 450 mm x 600 mm.
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Step3: Analysis
Load on frame i) Load from slab = (3.63+1.5) x 4 =20.52 kN/m ii) Self weight of rib of beam = 0.45x0.63x24 = 6.80 kN/m Total 28.00 kN/m Height of beam above hinge = 4+0.1-075/2 =3.72 m The portal frame subjected to the udl considered for analysis is shown in Fig. 6.10
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Step3: Analysis (Contd.)

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Step3:Analysis(Contd)

The moments in the portal frame hinged at the base and loaded as shown in Fig. is analised by moment distribution IAB = 450 x 6003/12 = 81 x 108 mm4, IBC= 450 x 7503/12 = 158.2 x 108 mm4 Stiffness Factor: KBA= IAB / LAB = 21.77 x 105 KBC= IBC / LBC = 15.8 x 105
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Step3:Analysis(Contd)

Distribution Factors:
D BA = D BC K BA 9 9 .9 9 9 9 = =9 .9 9 9 9 .9 9 9 9 +9 9 .9 9 9 K BA 9
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Fixed End Moments: MFAB= MFBA= MFCD= MFDC 0 MFBC= -=-233 kN-m and MFCB= =233 kN-m

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Step3:Analysis(Contd) Moment Distribution Table

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Step3:Analysis(Contd) Bending Moment diagram

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Step3:Analysis(Contd) Design moments:

Service load end moments: MB=156 kN-m, Design end moments MuB=1.5 x 156 = 234 kN-m, Service load mid span moment in beam= 28x102/8 102 =194 kN-m Design mid span moment Mu+=1.5 x 194 = 291 kN-m Maximum Working shear force (at B or C) in beam = 0.5 x 28 x 10 = 140kN Design shear force Vu21 = 1.5 x 140 = 210 kN

Step4:Design of beams:
The beam of an intermediate portal frame is designed. The mid span section of this beam is designed as a T-beam and the beam section at the ends are designed as rectangular section. Design of T-section for Mid Span : L Design moment Mu=291 kN-m +b +9 D 9 Flange width bf= Here Lo=0.7 x L = 0.7 x 10 =7m bf= 7/6+0.45+6x0.12=2.33m
o w f

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Step4:Design of T-beam: bf/bw=5.2 and Df /d =0.17 Referring to table 58 of SP16, the moment resistance factor is given by KT=0.43, Mulim=KT bwd2 fck = 0.43 x 450 x 7002 x 20/1x106 = 1896.3 kN-m > Mu Safe The reinforcement is computed using table 2 of SP16
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Step4:Design of T- beam: Mu/bd2 = 291 x 106/(450x7002) 1.3 for this pt=0.392 Ast=0.392 x 450x700/100 = 1234.8 mm2 No of 20 mm dia bar = 1234.8/( x202/4) =3.93 Hence 4 Nos. of #20 at bottom in the mid span
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Step4:Design of Rectangular beam: Design moment MuB=234 kN-m MuB/bd2= 234x106/450x7002 1.1 From table 2 of SP16 pt=0.327 Ast=0.327 x 450 x 700 / 100 = 1030 No of 20 mm dia bar = 1030/( x202/4) =3.2 Hence 4 Nos. of #20 at the top near the ends for a distance of o.25 L = 2.5m from face of the column as shown in Fig
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Step4:Design of beams Long. Section:

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Step4:Design of beams Cross-Section:

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Check for Shear: V 9 9 9 x9 9 = = =9 .9 9 Nominal shear stress = bd 9 9 9 9 9 9 pt=100x 1256/(450x700)=0.39 0.4 Permissible stress for pt=0.4 from table 19 c=0.432 < v Hence shear reinforcement is required to be designed Strength of concrete Vuc=0.432 x 450 x 700/1000 = 136 kN Shear to be carried by steel Vus=210-136 = 74 kN
9 u v

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Check for Shear:


Nominal shear stress = pt=100x 942/(400x600)=0.39 0.4 Permissible stress for pt=0.4 from table 19 c=0.432 < v Hence shear reinforcement is required to be designed Strength of concrete Vuc=0.432 x 400 x 600/1000 = 103 kN Shear to be carried by steel Vus=162-103 = 59 kN
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Check for Shear: Spacing 2 legged 8 mm dia stirrup sv=


9 .9 9 f y A sv d Vus 9 .9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 = =1 1 1 .9 9 9 9 9 1 1

Two legged #8 stirrups are provided at 300 mm c/c (equal to maximum spacing)

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Step5:Design of Columns: Cross-section of column = 450 mm x 600 mm Ultimate axial load Pu=1.5 x 140 = 210 kN (Axial load = shear force in beam) Ultimate moment Mu= 1.5 x 156 = 234 kN-m ( Maximum) Assuming effective cover d = 50 mm; d/D 0.1
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Mu 1 1 1 9 9 = = 9 . 9 9 9 9 f ck bD 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9

Pu 9 9 9 9 9 = =9 .9 9 f ck bD 9 9 1 1 1 9 9 9

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Step5:Design of Columns: Referring to chart 32 of SP16, p/fck=0.04; p=20 x 0.04 = 0.8 % Equal to Minimum percentage stipulated by IS456-2000 (0.8 % ) Ast=0.8x450x600/100 = 2160 mm2 No. of bars required = 2160/314 = 6.8 Provide 8 bars of #20
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Step5:Design of Columns: 8mm diameter tie shall have pitch least of the following Least lateral dimension = 450 mm 16 times diameter of main bar = 320 mm 48 times diameter of tie bar = 384 300mm Provide 8 mm tie @ 300 mm c/c
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600

450

8-#20

Tie #8 @300 c/c

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Step6:Design of Hinges:
At the hinge portion, concrete is under triaxial stress and can withstand higher permissible stress. Permissible compressive stress in concrete at hinge= 2x0.4fck =16 MPa Factored thrust =Pu=210kN Cross sectional area of hinge required = 210x103/16=13125 mm2 Provide concrete area of 200 x100 (Area =20000mm2) for the hinge
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Step6:Design of Hinges:
Shear force at hinge = Total moment in column/height = 156/3.72=42 Ultimate shear force = 1.5x42=63 kN Inclination of bar with vertical = = tan-1(30/50) =31o Ultimate shear force = 0.87 fy Ast sin

9 9 9 9 9 9 A st = = 9 9 9 mm o 9 .9 9 9 9 9 sin 1 1 Provide 4-#16 (Area=804 mm2)

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Step7:Design of Footings:
Load: Axial Working load on column = 140 kN Self weight of column =0.45 x 0.6 x3.72x 24 = 24 Self weight of footing @10% = 16 kN Total load = 180 kN Working moment at base = 42 x 1 =42 kN-m
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Step6:Design of Footings: Approximate area footing required = Load on column/SBC = 180/200 =0.9 m2 However the area provided shall be more than required to take care of effect of moment. The footing size shall be assumed to be 1mx2m (Area=2 m2)
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Step6:Design of Footings: Maximum pressure qmax=P/A+M/Z = 180/2+6x42/1x22 = 153 kN/m2 Minimum pressure qmin =P/A-M/Z = 180/2-6x42/1x22 = 27 kN/m2 Average pressure q = (153+27)/2 = 90 kN/m2 Bending moment at X-X = 90 x 1 x 0.72/2 = 22 kN-m 41 33 kN-m Factored moment Mu

Step6:Design of Footings: Over all depth shall be assumed as 300 mm and effective depth as 250 mm, 9 Mu 9 9 9 9

bd

9 9 9 9 9 9 9

=9 .9 9 9

Corresponding percentage of steel from Table 2 of SP16 is pt= 0.15% > Minimum pt=0.12%
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Step6:Design of Footings: Area of steel per meter width of footing is Ast=0.12x1000x250/100=300 mm2 Spacing of 12 mm diameter bar = 113x1000/300 = 376 mm c/c Provide #12 @ 300 c/c both ways

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Step6:Design of Footings:
Length of punching influence plane = ao= 600+250 = 850 mm Width of punching influence plane = bo= 450+250 = 700 mm Punching shear Force = Vpunch =180-90x(0.85x0.7)=126.5 kN Punching shear stress punch =Vpunch/(2x(ao+bo)d) =126.5x103/(2x(850+700)250) = 0.16 MPa Permissible shear stress = 0.25 fck=1.18 MPa > 44 punch Safe

Step6:Design of Footings:
Check for One Way Shear Shear force at a distance d from face of column V= 90x1x0.45 = 40.5 kN Shear stress v=40.5x103/(1000x250)=0.162 MPa For pt=0.15 , the permissible stress c = 0.28 (From table 19 of IS456-2000) Details of reinforcement provided in footing is shown in Fig.
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Dr. G.S.Suresh Civil Engineering Department The National Institute of Engineering Mysore-570 008 Mob: 9342188467 Email: gss_nie@yahoo.com

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