Wall construction

SELECTION OF WALL STRUCTURE

6 essential requirements Classification Under materials: Timber Masonry Concrete (reinforced-concrete) Other Under technology: Monolythical, prefabricated, Small, large elements

Timber walls
1. Log (round, trimmed or shaped beams) 2. Skeleton-type (balk, boards and panels), 3. Panel-type (collected from large factory produced panels). 4. Modular 5. Mixed

Timber houses

Timber houses
Frequently used angles of connection: - Traditional - Scandinavian type - Trapezoidical

Traditional

Scandinavian type

Trapezoidical

Timber walls

Timber walls

Timber walls
The spaces between the logs filled with insulating material: artificial (rock wool, synthetics, etc.).. natural (moss, flax fiber, sheep's wool)

Isolation materials seal all gaps between timbers and guarantee thermal isolation.

Log house from the production method are divided into 3 main types: Hand-made log houses; Machining log house (turned or milled log homes); Glued timber houses. Profiles of the logs usually are round or rectangular form.

Hand-made log walls

Hand-made log walls

Round (natural) logs

Rectangular logs

Machining log walls

Machining log walls

Grind (round) logs

Mill (rectangular) logs

Glued timber walls

Glued timber walls

Glued timber walls

Glued timber walls

Skeleton-type walls

Skeleton-type walls

Skeleton-type walls from wood: 1- foundation; 2 bottom, 3 main screw, 4 post; 5 top crown; 6 standumo spyriai; 7 first floor beams; 8 second floor beams; 9 panel of walls; 10 joints of the panels

Skeleton-type walls

Skeleton-type walls

Skeleton-type walls

Panel-type walls

Panel-type walls

Panel-type walls

Panel-type walls

Panel-type walls

Modular walls

Modular walls

Modular walls
Major strengths of the modular and panel-modular houses: 1. During production of typical elements designing, construction, building and exploitation mistakes are correcting; 2. Quality of manufacture and perfection; 3. Less work rate helps to minimize price of house; 4. Quick building time and less cost.

Modular walls
Major weaknesses of the modular and panel-modular houses: 1. From outside and inside houses are more traditional then wooden; 2. Less opportunities to choose non-traditional elements; 3. Traditional designing and construction elements is easy to produce but house made from them not always comfortable to use; 4. It is hard to have reconstruction. Sometimes it is impossible to do.

Timber walls

Timber walls

Construction of concrete walls

Construction of concrete walls

Construction of concrete walls

Construction of concrete walls

Construction of monolithic walls

Major constructions of large-panel house

Double layer large scale walls

Construction of prefab ferroconcrete walls

Inside loading layer: 100-150 mm Isolation layer: 50-300 mm Outside layer: 60-80 mm Length: 12 m High: 3.8 m

Construction of prefab ferroconcrete walls

Construction of prefab ferroconcrete walls

Construction of concrete walls

Construction of modular wall

Constructions of composite ferroconcrete walls

1- volume components; 2 outside panel of walls; 3- inside panel of walls