2011 Oral Exam Study Guide v1.1 - Student

School of Aeronautics
Oral Exam Study Guide
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide
Foreword
The Liberty University School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide is intended to help students study for the oral component of stage checks and FAA practical tests. The study guides are not intended to be all-inclusive. Students may experience questions on a stage check or FAA practical test that was not included in these guides. The majority of the questions have a corresponding reference to an FAA publication, the Liberty University School of Aeronautics Flight Operations Manual (FOM), or a commonly used reference which can be used for further study. Note that not all of the questions have a published reference and answer. These questions are designed to test a student's understanding and conceptual reasoning. Each certificate or rating is seperated into three stages of progress. Each stage check examination is cumulative, drawing questions from both the current stage of training as well as all previous stages.
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Original Issue: 01 January 2011
Intentionally Left Blank
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List of Effective Pages

Section List of Effective Pages List of Effective Pages List of Effective Pages List of Effective Pages List of Effective Pages Revision Record Table of Contents References References Section 1 Section 1 Section 1 Section 1 Section 1 Section 1 Section 1 Section 1 Section 1 Section 1 Section 1 Section 1 Section 1 Section 1 Section 2 Original Issue: 01 January 2011 Page LOEP-1 LOEP-2 LOEP-3 LOEP-4 LOEP-5 RR-1 TOC-1 REF-1 REF-2 1-1 1-2 1-3 1-4 1-5 1-6 1-7 1-8 1-9 1-10 1-11 1-12 1-13 1-14 2-1 Revision Number 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Date 01/01/2011 01/01/2011 01/01/2011 01/01/2011 01/01/2011 01/01/2011 01/01/2011 01/01/2011 01/01/2011 01/01/2011 01/01/2011 01/01/2011 01/01/2011 01/01/2011 01/01/2011 01/01/2011 01/01/2011 01/01/2011 01/01/2011 01/01/2011 01/01/2011 01/01/2011 01/01/2011 01/01/2011 LOEP-1
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide Section 2 Section 2 Section 2 Section 2 Section 2 Section 2 Section 2 Section 2 Section 2 Section 2 Section 2 Section 2 Section 2 Section 2 Section 2 Section 2 Section 3 Section 3 Section 3 Section 3 Section 3 Section 3 Section 3 Section 3 Section 4 Section 4 Section 4 Original Issue: 01 January 2011 2-2 2-3 2-4 2-5 2-6 2-7 2-8 2-9 2-10 2-11 2-12 2-13 2-14 2-15 2-16 2-17 3-1 3-2 3-3 3-4 3-5 3-6 3-7 3-8 4-1 4-2 4-3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 01/01/2011 01/01/2011 01/01/2011 01/01/2011 01/01/2011 01/01/2011 01/01/2011 01/01/2011 01/01/2011 01/01/2011 01/01/2011 01/01/2011 01/01/2011 01/01/2011 01/01/2011 01/01/2011 01/01/2011 01/01/2011 01/01/2011 01/01/2011 01/01/2011 01/01/2011 01/01/2011 01/01/2011 01/01/2011 01/01/2011 01/01/2011 LOEP-2
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide Section 8 Section 8 Section 8 Section 9 Section 9 Section 9 Section 9 Section 9 Section 9 Section 9 Section 10 Section 10 Section 10 Section 10 Section 10 Section 10 Section 10 Section 10 Section 10 8-2 8-3 8-4 9-1 9-2 9-3 9-4 9-5 9-6 9-7 10-1 10-2 10-3 10-4 10-5 10-6 10-7 10-8 10-9 ----------END---------1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 01/01/2011 01/01/2011 01/01/2011 01/01/2011 01/01/2011 01/01/2011 01/01/2011 01/01/2011 01/01/2011 01/01/2011 01/01/2011 01/01/2011 01/01/2011 01/01/2011 01/01/2011 01/01/2011 01/01/2011 01/01/2011 01/01/2011
LOEP-5
Revision Record
Revision Numbr Original Revision Date 01/01/2011 Pages/Description Entire Document Complete Revision Author WHC
RR-1
Table of Contents
FORW LOEP RR REF Section 1.0 Section 2.0 Section 3.0 Section 4.0 Section 5.0 Section 6.0 Section 7.0 Section 8.0 Section 9.0 Section 10.0 Forward....................................................................................................................................................................................i List of Effective Pages.................................................................................................................................... LOEP-1 Revision Record........................................................................................................................................................ RR-1 Reference Guide................................................................................................................................................... REF-1 Private Pilot - Stage 1.............................................................................................................................................. 1-1 Private Pilot Stage 2................................................................................................................................................. 2-1 Private Pilot Stage 3.........................................................................................................................3-1 Instrument Pilot Stage 1.................................................................................................................4-1 Instrument Pilot Stage 2.................................................................................................................5-1 Instrument Pilot Stage 3.................................................................................................................6-1 Commercial Pilot Stage 4...............................................................................................................7-1 Commercial Pilot Stage 5...............................................................................................................8-1 Commercial Pilot Stage 6...............................................................................................................9-1 Multi-Engine Pilot...........................................................................................................................10-1 ----------END----------
TOC-1
Reference Guide
The following represents a list of regularly used references. The majority of the questions found within this guide were created based on information available in the following publications. All of the following publications may be obtained in an electronic format at no cost at: http://www.faa.gov. Reference Number Reference Title Cover Image
14 CFR or FAR
Federal Aviation Regulations
AIM
Aeronautical Information Manual
FAA-H-8083-25
Pilots Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
FAA-H-8083-3
Airplane Flying Handbook
REF-1
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide Reference Number Reference Title Cover Image
FAA-H-8083-15
Instrument Flying Handbook
FAA-H-8261-1
Instrument Procedures Handbook
AC 00-6
Aviation Weather
AC 00-45
Aviation Weather Services
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REF-2
Section 1 Private Pilot - Stage 1
1.1 General
1. - 4. Complete the following acronyms. IAMASVA1FAETEEARROWATOMATOFLAMESPurpose:
Purpose:
Purpose:
Purpose:
5. What documents must be in a pilots possession or readily accessible in the aircraft for every flight? (FAR 61.3 - LIBERTY FOM) 6. What is the standard VFR squawk code? (AIM 4-1-19) 7. What is an A/FD? How long is it effective for? (FAA-H-8083-25) 8. What is a sectional chart? How long is it effective for? (FAA-H-8083-25)
9. What is an MEL? (FAA-H-8083-25)
1-1
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 10. Label each of the antennae on the Cessna 172S NAVIII:
11. Describe the purpose and function of maintenance Phase Inspections.
1.2 Special Emphasis Areas

12. List and Describe the private pilot Special Emphasis Areas. (FAA-S-8081-14AS)
1-2
1.3 Federal Aviation Regulations

13. What are the FARs? (14 CFR)
14. What does Part 1 of the FARs discuss? (14 CFR) 15. What does Part 61 of the FARs discuss? (14 CFR) 16. What does Part 91 of the FARs discuss? (14 CFR) 17. What does 49 CFR Part 830 discuss? (14 CFR) 18. What are the daytime, dual, fuel requirements as established by the FAA? By Liberty? (14 CFR 91.151, LIBERTY FOM)
19. What are the daytime, solo, fuel requirements as established by the FAA? By Liberty? (14 CFR 91.151, LIBERTY FOM)
1.4 Airspace
20. Describe the following airspaces: (FAA-H-8083-25 13-1) Airspace Airspace Cloud Class Dimensions Clearances D
Requirements to Operate
1-3
1.5 Systems
21. Describe the Electrical System for a Cessna 172SP Nav II. Include battery size, alternator strength, system size, number of electrical buses, etc. (CESSNA 172S NAV II INFORMATION MANUAL)
22. Describe the Electrical System for a Cessna 172SP Nav III. Include battery size, alternator strength, system size, number of electrical buses, etc. (CESSNA 172S NAV III INFORMATION MANUAL)
23. Describe the Engine for a Cessna 172SP. Include make and model, horsepower (and conditions under which those horsepower are produced), number and position of cylinders, primary cooling method, oil sump type, shaft type. (CESSNA 172S NAV III INFORMATION MANUAL)
24. What does BHP stand for, and what is it? (CESSNA 172S NAV III INFORMATION MANUAL)
25. What does the alternator do? (FAA-H-8083-25)
26. Using the GPS, how do you find the nearest airport?
1-4
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 27. Describe the four flight controls and which movement they each control. (FAA-H-8083-25)
28. Describe or Draw the Fuel System for the Cessna 172SP. (CESSNA 172S NAV III INFORMATION MANUAL)
29. How many fuel sumps does the Cessna 172S have and where are they located? (CESSNA 172S NAV III INFORMATION MANUAL)
30. What grades of fuel can be used in the Cessna 172 and what are their associated colors? (CESSNA 172S NAV III INFORMATION MANUAL)
31. There are three fuel sumps underneath the aircraft, where do each of these fuel sumps sump from? (CESSNA 172S NAV III INFORMATION MANUAL)
32. How does the oil system work? Does the oil system use a wet sump or a dry sump? (CESSNA 172S NAV III INFORMATION MANUAL)
33. During the run-up, how much RPM drop is allowed for each magneto during the Mag Check? (CESSNA 172S NAV III INFORMATION MANUAL)
1-5
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 34. What is the maximum differential between each drop allowed? (CESSNA 172S NAV III INFORMATION MANUAL)
35. What two instruments can be used to determine that the alternator has failed? (CESSNA 172S NAV III INFORMATION MANUAL 7-50)
36. What instruments are powered by gyros? Which of these are vacuum powered gyros? How is/are the other gyro(s) powered? (CESSNA 172S INFORMATION MANUAL)
37. What instruments use the pitot/static system? (CESSNA 172S NAV III INFORMATION MANUAL)
38. How does the Altimeter work? (FAA-H-8083-25)
39. How does the Airspeed Indicator work? (FAA-H-8083-25)
40. How does the Vertical Speed Indicator work? (FAA-H-8083-25)
1-6
1.6 Weather
41. What does METAR stand for? (AC 00-45)
42. What is a METAR? (AC 00-45)
43. How often are METARs published? (AC 00-45)
44. How long are METARs effective for? (AC 00-45)
45. - 47. Translate the following METARs: (AC 00-45) KSAT 111953Z 21008KT 10SM CLR 19/M04 A2991 RMK AO2 SLP117 T01941044
KORD 111951Z 26008KT 4SM HZ BKN014 OVC021 02/M01 A2973 RMK AO2 SLP072 T00171011
KBOS 111954Z 04004KT 3/4SM R04R/4000VP6000FT -TSRA BR OVC003 07/07 A2962 RMK AO2 SFC VIS 1 TSB51RAE1858B18E31B47 SLP029 OCNL LTGICCC E-SE TS E-SE MOV NE P0005 T00720072
48. What does TAF stand for? (AC 00-45)
49. What is a TAF? (AC 00-45)
1-7
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 50. How often are TAFs published? (AIM 7-1-32)
51. How long are TAFs effective for? (AIM 7-1-32)
52. - 53. Translate the following TAFs: (AC 00-45) KSAT 011137Z 0112/0212 31010KT P6SM BKN100 BKN250 FM011600 32015KT P6SM BKN100 BKN250 FM011900 33015G25KT P6SM SCT120 SCT250 FM012300 33010KT P6SM SCT250
KBOS 011922Z 0119/0218 02003KT 1/2SM FG OVC003 WS020/21050KT TEMPO 0119/0121 19013G25KT 1SM -TSRA BR OVC005CB FM012100 20013G25KT 2SM -SHRA BR OVC007CB WS020/21050KT FM020100 24012KT P6SM SCT007 BKN050 FM020300 25010KT P6SM BKN250 FM021600 27010KT P6SM BKN045 BKN300
54. What does FA stand for? (AC 00-45)
55. What is a FA? ((AC 00-45)
56. How often are FAs published? (AC 00-45)
1-8
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 57. How long are FAs effective for? (AC 00-45)
58. How does wind affect the airplane in regards to airspeed and groundspeed? (FAA-H-8083-3A)
59. What are several ways wind direction can be deteremined from the air? (List 3)
1.7 Procedures
60. Draw a standard traffic pattern and label each leg, as well as the altitudes and speeds each leg should be flown at. Also include standard entry position into the pattern.
61. What are the five local frequencies? (A/FD, LIBERTY FOM) LYH ATIS: LYH Ground: LYH Tower: Roanoke Approach: 0V4 CTAF:
1-9
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 62. What is the engine failure before Vr checklist? (CESSNA 172S CHECKLIST)
63. What is the engine failure after Vr checklist? (CESSNA 172S CHECKLIST)
64. If the engine fails during the initial climb phase, what is the minimum altitude at which a turn back to the airprot can be considered or safely attempted? (LIBERTY FOM)
65. What is the engine failure in flight checklist? (CESSNA 172S CHECKLIST)
66. What is the engine fire in flight checklist? (CESSNA 172S CHECKLIST)
67. What is the power off landing checklist? (CESSNA 172S CHECKLIST)
68. What procedure would be completed if a fire starts during engine start, with the engine starting? (CESSNA 172S CHECKLIST) (Write out the procedure).
69. What procedure would be completed if a fire starts during engine start, and the engine fails to start? (CESSNA 172S CHECKLIST) (Write out the procedure).
1-10
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 70. What are the most important factors selecting an appropriate location for an emergency landing?
71. What is the best glide airspeed? (CESSNA 172S NAV III INFORMATION MANUAL)
72. What does the best glide airspeed provide? (FAA-H-8083-3A)
73. What effect would a decrease in gross weight have upon the best glide airspeed?
74. What are the three emergency squawk codes? What does each stand for? (AIM 6-2-2, 6-4-2, 6-3-4)
75. What is the emergency frequency? When would it be used?
76. What steps would be taken if the engine suffered a partial failure? (engine is producing only a portion of the power it should, i.e. a maximum of 1700 RPM)?
77. What is the first indication of an alternator failure? (CESSNA 172S NAV III INFORMATION MANUAL)
1-11
1.8 Performance
78. What factors affect density altitude? (FAA-H-8083-25)
79. How does density altitude affect airplane performance? (FAA-H-8083-25)
80. How does weight affect airplane performance? (FAA-H-8083-25)
81. How does balance (Center of Gravity) affect airplane performance? What can be expected with an aft CG? What can be expected with a forward CG? (FAA-H-8083-25)
Complete the following questions using a student weight of 180 lbs. and an instructor weight of 195 lbs. 82. Calculate the takeoff distance required to clear a 50 foot obstacle with the following conditions: Temperature: Wind: Elevation: Pressure: Runway in Use: +42C 020 @ 03KTS 3,400 FT 29.26 05
83. Calculate the takeoff distance required to clear a 50 foot obstacle with the following conditions: Temperature: Wind: Elevation: Pressure: Runway in Use: +02C 020 @ 03KTS 3,400 FT 30.26 05
1-12
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 84. Calculate the takeoff distance required to clear a 50 foot obstacle with the following conditions: Temperature: Wind: Elevation: Pressure: Runway in Use: +15C 050 @ 03KTS 3,400 FT 29.92 05
85. Calculate the landing distance required to clear a 50 foot obstacle with the following conditions: Temperature: Wind: Elevation: Pressure: Runway in Use: +42C 020 @ 03KTS 3,400 FT 29.26 05
89. Calculate the takeoff distance required to clear a 50 foot obstacle with the following conditions and determine if you would have suitable room to depart an airfield with a runway that was 2,009 ft in length: Temperature: Wind: Elevation: Pressure: Runway in Use: +40C 070 @ 03KTS 1,400 FT 29.24 03
1-13
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 90. What effect did the varying temperatures have on Flight 1?
91. What effect did the varying winds have on Flight 3?
92. What are the following V speeds for the Cessna 172SP? (CESSNA 172S NAV III INFORMATION MANUAL) Indication on V Speed Name Speed (KIAS) Airspeed Indicator VG VX VY VA VR VFE VS0 VS1 VNO VNE ----------END---------Original Issue: 01 January 2011 1-14 Best Glide 68 KIAS None
2.1 Practical Test Standard

(FAA-S-8081-14AS) 1. Where can you find a list of the references used to determine the practical test standards?
2. What are Special Emphasis Areas?
3. List and Describe the private pilot Special Emphasis Areas.
4. What are the prerequisites that must be met prior to taking the practical test?
5. What is required in regards to aircraft and equipment used for the practical test?
Original Issue: 01 January 2011 2-1
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 6. What is your flight instructor responsible for in regards to the practical test?
7. What is your examiner responsible for during the check ride?
8. What is required for you to pass the check ride, as defined by the PTS?
9. What determines unsatisfactory performance?
10. What is a continuance? Who decides when one is needed?
11. If a continuance is needed, what procedure is used to finish the check ride?
12. Is your examiner allowed to purposely distract you during the flight? Why or why not?
13. What is an Area of Operation?
14. What is a Task?
2-2
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 15. Does an examiner have to complete all tasks listed in a given area of operation?
16. What tasks must an examiner question you about during the Preflight Preparation area of operation?
17. For the first of the required tasks in the Preflight Preparation area of operation, where can you find information regarding the task?
18. What is the second area of operation listed? Does the examiner have to complete all tasks in this area?
19. What must be done if a crosswind does not exist during the check ride that would allow you to demonstrate crosswind landings?
20. List the completion standards for Normal and Crosswind Approach and Landing:
21. List the completion standards for Short-Field Approach and Landing:
2-3
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 22. What are the performance maneuvers?
23. What are the ground reference maneuvers?
24. What is the SEVENTH area of the operation?
25. What is the maximum distance you can be from the centerline of your planned route?
26. What are your altitude tolerances during the cross country phase of the check ride?
27. Within how many minutes do you have to arrive at a given checkpoint?
28. List the completion standards for TASK A of the EIGHTH area of operation:

29. What are your fuel requirements for a cross country flight according to the FARs? According to Liberty? (FAR 91.151 and Liberty FOM)
2-4
2.3 Airspace and Cross Country Planning

30. Complete the following National Airspace System chart. (FAA-H-8083-25 13-1) Airspace Airspace Cloud Requirements Class Dimensions Clearances to Operate A
31. How are each of the following airspaces depicted on a sectional chart: Class A Airspace Class B Airspace
Class C Airspace
Class D Airspace
Class E Airspace
Class G Airspace
2-5
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 32. List the different types of Special Use Airspace below, and how each is depicted on a sectional chart. (FAA-H-8083-25)
33. Of the different types of Special Use Airspace, which can be legally flown in or through? (FAAH-8083-25)
34. What is a Federal Airway? What are the dimensions of a Federal Airway? How are they depicted on a sectional chart?
35. What is a Military Training Route? How are they depicted on a sectional chart? (FAA-H-8083-25)
36. What is a MOA? How can it be determined if a MOA is active? (FAA-H-8083-25)
37. If an airspace is depicted on a sectional chart as R-6312, what kind of airspace is it? Can an aircraft be legally flown through or over it? (FAA-H-8083-25)
38. If an airspace is depicted on a sectional chart as P-67, what kind of airspace is it? Can an aircraft be legally flown through or over it? (FAA-H-8083-25)
2-6
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 39. What is a TFR? Where can a pilot locate information regarding them? Can a pilot legally fly through or over a TFR? (FAA-H-8083-25)
40. What does each of the following symbols depict on a sectional chart? (FAA-H-8083-25 13-4 or Sectional Chart Legend)
41. Interpret the following sectional symbol depicting the Oakdale VOR. Include: All Frequencies, VOR Name, and Identifier. What does the small star denote? What does the R next to 122.1 denote? (FAA-H-8083-25 or a Sectional Chart Legend)
42. If there was a small H inside a dark circle in the top right, what would that indicate? What if it were an A? (FAA-H-8083-25 or a Sectional Chart Legend)
2-7
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 43. Explain the meaning of the following sectional depicting the Boston Airport. Include: Airport Name, Identifier, Frequencies, Elevation, Runway Lengths, and any special restrictions. (FAA-H-8083-25 or a Sectional Chart Legend)
44. What is a FSS? (FAA-H-8083-25)
45. What services does an FSS provide? (FAA-H-8083-25)
46. What are several ways a pilot can obtain up to date with weather while in flight? (FAA-H-8083-25)
47.How can a VFR flight plan be opened or closed? (FAA-H-8083-25)
48. What is the difference between VFR flight following and a VFR flight plan? (FAA-H-8083-25)
49. What are Isogonic Lines? How are they depicted on a sectional chart? (FAA-H-8083-25)
2-8
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide Use the following chart to complete questions 50 - 60.
50. Your current position is at the intersection of the 025 radial off of the COL VOR, and the 270 radial off of the JFK VOR radial. Where are you on the chart? (FAA-H-8083-25)
51. If you are flying at 1000 feet at that point, what kind of airspace are you in? 1800 feet? 5000 feet? 8000 feet? (FAA-H-8083-25) 52. What is the frequency for the Colts Neck VOR? 53. What does No SVFR mean? What is SVFR? (FAR 91.155) 54. What does the small anchor, located along the 060 radial off the COL VOR depict? What is its name? 55. What is the ceiling of the Class B airspace in this chart? Original Issue: 01 January 2011 2-9
56. What does the following denote? (V 6-123-157-433-445)
57. What class airspace is the MMU airport (located in the northwest corner)? How high does its airspace go?
58. If an aircraft departs MMU heading due south, and climbs to an altitude of 2800 feet, what airspace would the aircraft be in? If the aircraft continued its climb to 3000 feet, what airspace would it be in?
59. What frequency would be used to determine the current weather conditions at MMU?
60. What is the longest runway at JFK?
2.4 Weather
61. What is a METAR? (FAA-H-8083-25)
62. How often are METARs published? (AC-00-45) 63. How long are METARs effective for? (AC-00-45) 64. Translate the following METAR: (FAA-H-8083-25) KPHX 181451Z 00000KT 10SM SCT200 03/M08 A3011 RMK AO2 SLP196 T00281083 53012
2-10
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 65. Translate the following METAR: (FAA-H-8083-25) KLYH 251354Z 05007KT 7SM PLRA OVC048 01/M02 A3011 RMK A02 RAB08E21B45UPB21E43SNE08PLB43 SLP202 P0001 T00061017
66. What is a TAF? (AC-00-45)
67. How often are TAFs published? (AC-00-45)
68. How long are TAFs effective for? (AC-00-45)
69. Translate the following TAF: (AC-00-45) KMCO 181734Z 1818/1918 03006KT P6SM BKN010 OVC020 FM190600 VRB02KT 5SM BR VCSH BKN005 OVC010 FM191500 18009KT P6SM SCT005 OVC010
70. Translate the following TAF: (AC-00-45) KPIR 111140Z 1112/1212 13012KT P6SM BKN100 WS020/35035KT TEMPO 1214 5SM BR FM111500 16015G25KT P6SM SCT040 BKN250 FM120000 14012KT P6SM BKN080 OVC150 PROB40 0004 3SM TSRA BKN030CB FM120400 VRB03KT 1/2SM VCTS SCT020CB BKN120 TEMPO 0608 1/2SM FG BKN001 BECMG 1209/1211 32007KT
2-11
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 71. What is a FA? (AC-00-45) 72. How often are FAs published? (AC-00-45)
73. How long are FAs effective for? (AC-00-45)
74. What are the four components of a FA? (AC-00-45)
75. Translate the following Header: (AC-00-45) DFWC FA 120945 SYNOPSIS AND VFR CLDS/WX SYNOPSIS VALID UNTIL 130400 CLDS/WX VALID UNTIL 122200OTLK VALID 122200-130400 OK TX AR TN LA MS AL AND CSTL WTRS
76. Translate the following Precautionary Statements: (AC-00-45) SEE AIRMET SIERRA FOR IFR CONDS AND MTN OBSCN. TS IMPLY SEV OR GTR TURB SEV ICE LLWS AND IFR CONDS. NON MSL HGTS DENOTED BY AGL OR CIG.
75. Translate the following Synopsis: (AC-00-45) SYNOPSISLOW PRES TROF 10Z OK/TX PNHDL AREA FCST MOV EWD INTO CNTRL-SWRN OK BY 04Z. WRMFNT 10Z CNTRL OK-SRN AR-NRN MS FCST LIFT NWD IN NERN OK-NRN AR XTRM NRN MS BY 04Z.
2-12
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 76. Translate the following VFR Clouds and Weather: (AC-00-45) S CNTRL AND SERN TX AGL SCT-BKN010. TOPS030. VIS 3-5SM BR. 14-16Z BECOMG AGL SCT030. 19Z AGL SCT050. OTLKVFR. OK PNHDL AND NWAGL SCT030 SCT-BKN100. TOPS FL200. 15Z AGL SCT040 SCT100. AFT 20Z SCT TSRA DVLPG..FEW POSS SEV. CB TOPS FL450. OTLKVFR
77. What is an AIRMET? What are the three types of AIRMET? What does each stand for? (AC-00-45)
78. What intensity of conditions does an AIRMET depict? What about a SIGMET? (AC-00-45)
79. What is a SIGMET? What kind of weather are SIGMET issued for? (AC-00-45)
80. How long is a SIGMET good for? How long is an AIRMET good for? (AC-00-45)
81. What is a convective SIGMET? (AC-00-45)
82. What kind of weather phenomena is a convective SIGMET issued for? (AC-00-45)
2-13
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 83. What information does a Wind and Temperatures Aloft Forecast provide? (AC-00-45) Use the following Winds and Temperatures Aloft Forecast to answer questions 85 - 87. DATA BASED ON 010000Z VALID 010600Z FOR USE 0500-0900Z. TEMPS NEG ABV 24000. FT 3000 6000 9000 12000 30000 34000 ABQ 1912+15 1914+07 746634 739954 85. What are the winds and temperatures forecasted for 9,000 and 12,000 feet?
86. Why are there no winds/temps reported for 3000 or 6000 at ABQ? (AC-00-45)
87. What are the forecast winds aloft at 30000 ft and 34000 ft? (AC-00-45)
Use the following chart to answer questions 88 93.
2-14
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 88. What kind of chart is this? (AC-00-45)
89. What do the Hs and Ls stand for? (AC-00-45)
90. What are the orange dashed lines representing? (AC-00-45)
91. How are cold fronts depicted? Warm fronts? (AC-00-45)
92. What are the light gray lines depicting? (AC-00-45)
93. What are the purple lines in the Northeast United States representing? (AC-00-45)
94. How do high pressure systems move? (AC-00-6A)
95. How do low pressure systems move? (AC-00-6A)
96. What type of weather is associated with warm fronts? Cold fronts? (AC-00-6A)
97. What is required for the creation of a thunderstorm? (AC-00-6A)
2-15
2.5 Procedures
98. Describe how to complete the slow flight maneuver. Include entry and exit procedures. (LIBERTY FOM)
99. Describe how to complete a turning, power off stall. Include entry and exit procedures. (Liberty FOM)
100. Describe how to complete a turning, power on stall. Include entry and exit procedures. (Liberty FOM)
101. Describe how to complete a short field takeoff. (Liberty FOM)
102. Describe how to complete a soft field takeoff. (Liberty FOM)
103. Describe how to complete a short field landing. (Liberty FOM)
2-16
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 104. Describe how to complete a soft field landing. (Liberty FOM)
105. What are the 5 Ts used for deviating on a cross country flight? (Liberty FOM)
106. What procedures should be completed if a student realizes they are unsure of their location while in flight? (Liberty FOM)
107. List several factors that might be cause for diverting to an alternate destination on a cross country flight.
----------END---------Original Issue: 01 January 2011 2-17
3.1 General
1. What privileges does the private pilot certificate allow you to exercise? (CFR 14 61.113)
2. Describe the length of time that each class of medical certificate is effective for. (CFR 14 61.23)
3. What information should be included in a passenger briefing? (CFR 14 91.21, 107, Liberty FOM)
4. When do passengers have to wear safety belts? (CFR 14 91.107)
5. What are the required airworthiness inspections for VFR flight and where can you find them listed? (FAR 91.411, FAR 91.413, FAR 91.409, FAR 91.171, FAR 91.207)
6. What hazard do nicks or cracks in the propeller blade present?
7. List each of the three definitions of night and what each means. (FAR Part 1.1)
3-1
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 8. List the required items for day VFR flight: (FAR 91.205)
9. Which of these are NOT required for day VFR flight in a Cessna 172S Skyhawk? Why? (CESSNA 172S NAV III INFORMATION MANUAL, FAR 91.205)
10. Is a functioning landing light required for a check ride? What about a private rental? What if you own the aircraft? Why? (FAR 91.205)
11. What are the oxygen requirements? (FAR Part 91.211)
3.2
Practice Test Standards
What the minimum standards for completion for the following maneuvers: 12. Short Field Landing (FAA-S-8081-14A 1-15)
13. Soft Field Landing (FAA-S-8081-14A 1-13)
3-2
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 14. Engine Failure (FAA-S-8081-14A 1-32)

15. In which part of the FARs would a pilot be likely to find regulations regarding speed restrictions in different classes of airspace? 16. In which part of the FARs would a pilot be likely to find regulations regarding requirements for a student pilot to make their first solo flight? 17. In which part of the FARs would a pilot be likely to find regulations regarding required cloud clearances? 18. In which part of the FARs would a pilot be likely to find regulations regarding the minimum number of hours of flight time are required for a pilot to receive a private pilot certificate?
3.4 Airspace and Cross Country Planning

19. Translate the following airport information boxes:
3-3
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 20. Translate the following VOR information boxes:
21. What is a Terminal Area Chart? (AIM 9-1-4)
22. What is a VFR Flyway Chart? Where are they found? (AIM 9-1-4)
3.5 Systems
23. Describe how the brake system works in a Cessna 172S Skyhawk. (CESSNA 172S NAV III INFORMATION MANUAL)
24. What do the magnetos do? How many are there? (FAA-H-8083-25, CESSNA 172S NAV III INFORMATION MANUAL)
25. How many spark plugs are there? Where are they located? (CESSNA 172S NAV III INFORMATION MANUAL)
26. What happens when the ignition key is turned from BOTH to L or R? (FAA-H-8083-25, CESSNA 172S NAV III INFORMATION MANUAL)
3-4
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 27. Why does grounding a magneto cause a drop in RPM?
3.6 Weather
28. What factors affect density altitude? (FAA-H-8083-25)
29. How does an increase in density altitude affect engine performance? Why? (FAA-H-8083-25)
30. How does an increase in density altitude affect aircraft performance? Why? (FAA-H-8083-25)
3-5
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide Use the prog chart below to answer the following questions:
31. What weather is forecasted to exist in the Colorado / Utah area? (AC 00-45E)
32. What weather is forecasted to exist in northern Idaho and eastern Washington State? (AC 00-45E)
33. What is the purple front that exists northeast of Washington state? How do these types of front form? (AC 00-45, AC 00-6A)
34. What weather is forecasted to exist in northeastern Canada? (AC 00-45E)
3-6
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide Use the weather depiction chart below to answer the following questions:
35. What weather conditions exist at point A? (AC 00-45E)
36. What weather conditions exist at point B? (AC 00-45E)
37. What weather conditions exist at point C? (AC 00-45E)
38. What weather conditions exist at point D? (AC 00-45E)
3-7
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide Use the radar summary chart below to answer the following questions:
39. Describe the weather conditions that exist at point A: (AC 00-45E)
40. What weather conditions exist at point B? (AC 00-45E)
41. What are the clouds bases at, at point C? (AC 00-45E)
42. What is indicated by point D? (AC 00-45E)
43. What conditions exist in central Florida at point E? (AC 00-45E)
Section 4 Instrument Pilot - Stage 1
4.1
1.
Practical Test Standards

What are the Special Emphasis areas of the PTS? (FAA-S-8081-4D)
2.
When could Positive Aircraft Control be an issue on an IFR flight or any flight?
3.
What procedure is used to determine who is in control of the aircraft? (FAA-H-8083-3)
4.
What causes an airplane to stall? (FAA-H-8083-3)
5. What is the minimum altitude stall recoveries may be practiced in this airplane? (FAA-S-8081-4D) 6. How do you recover from a stall? (FAA-H-8083-3)
7.
What causes an airplane to spin? (FAA-H-8083-3)
4-1
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 8. How do you recover from a spin? (FAA-H-8083-3) 9. Where is the most likely place to experience a spin on an IFR flight? (FAA-H-8083-3)
10. How do you recover from a nose high, decreasing airspeed, and banked unusual attitude? (FAA-H-8083-15) 11. What methods do you use to prevent colliding with another aircraft or object? (FAAH-8083-3)
12.
How do you scan for traffic? (FAA-H-8083-25, Liberty SOP)
13.
What is wake turbulence and how is it produced? (FAA-H-8083-3)
14.
Which way do vortices travel after being generated? (FAA-H-8083-25)
15. If cleared to takeoff behind a large or heavy aircraft, how would you avoid the wake turbulence? (FAA-H-8083-25)
16. If you were cleared to land behind a large, heavy, landing aircraft, how would you avoid the wake turbulence? (FAA-H-8083-25)
17. 18.
On an IFR flight plan, are you required to accept a LAHSO? (AIM 4-3-11) When should you use a pre-printed checklist? (FAA-H-8083-3) 4-2
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 19. When would you not use a pre-printed checklist?
20.
What is Aeronautical Decision Making (ADM)?
21.
What is CFIT?
22.
How does CFIT happen?
23.
What is Spatial Disorientation? (FAA-H-8083-15)
24.
What is Vestibular Disorientation? (FAA-H-8083-15)
25.
What is Hypoxia? (FAA-H-8083-25)

26. What are the privileges of a private pilot certificate? (FAR 61.113)
27.
What are the limitations of a private pilot certificate? (FAR 61.113)
28.
When is an instrument rating required? (FAR 61.3e, 91.157)
4-3
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 29. What are the Recent Flight Experience requirements to act as PIC under IFR? (FAR 61.57)
30.
What are the classes of medical certificates and how long are they valid? (FAR 61.23)
31.
What happens to a Second Class medical after 12 months? (FAR 61.23)
32.
What equipment do you need for Day VFR? (FAR 91.205)
33.
What do you need for Night VFR? (FAR 91.205)
34.
What do you need for IFR? (FAR 91.205)
35.
What Inspections need to be complied with and at what times? (FAR 91.409)
4-4
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 36. What Documents must be on board the aircraft? (FAR 91.9, 91.203)
37.
What are the fuel requirements for an IFR flight? (FAR 91.167)
38. If 12 months passed between when a pilot first became current and when they wanted to file IFR again, how would they become current again? (FAR 61.57)
39.
Define an appropriately rated safety pilot: (FAR 61.3, 91.109)
4.3 Aeromedical
40. What are the various types of hypoxia and their causes? (FAA-H-8083-25)
41. What do the FARs state as far as the time between using alcohol and flying? What is the maximum blood alcohol level? (FAR 91.17)
42.
What is the Im Safe checklist? (FAA-H-8083-25)
4.4 Cross Country Procedures

43. is? What are the different types of VOR's? Where can you find out which type the Lynchburg VOR
4-5
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 44. What are the useable ranges of each type of VOR? (AIM 1-1-8)
45.
Why is this important? (ASA-8261-1 3-10)
46.
What are the methods for testing VOR's? (14 CFR 91.171)
47.
What are the allowable errors? (14 CFR 91.171)
48.
Where would you find different testing sites? (A/FD)
49.
What kind of record must be kept concerning VOR checks? (14 CFR 91.171(d))
50.
What are the advantages to using VOR navigation? (FAA-H-8083-15A)
51.
What are some disadvantages? (FAA-H-8083-15A)
4-6
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 52. What are the advantages to using NDB navigation? (FAA-H-8083-15A)
53.
What are disadvantages to using NDB navigation? (FAA-H-8083-15A)
54.
What type of frequencies do NDB's use? (FAA-H-8083-15A)
55.
How does the ADF work? (FAA-H-8083-15A)
4.5 Systems
56. What type of engine does this plane have? (CESSNA 172S NAV III INFORMATION MANUAL)
57.
What is the Horsepower of the engine? (CESSNA 172S NAV III INFORMATION MANUAL)
58.
What gives the engine spark or ignition? (CESSNA 172S NAV III INFORMATION MANUAL)
59.
If you lost your entire electrical system would the engine still run? Why? (FAA-H-8083-25)
60.
Why does the engine have two magnetos? (FAA-H-8083-25)
4-7
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 61. What type of fuel does it use? (CESSNA 172S NAV III INFORMATION MANUAL)
62.
What color should it be? (CESSNA 172S NAV III INFORMATION MANUAL)
63.
What is being checked when the fuel is sumped? (FAA-H-8083-25)
64.
How does the fuel system work? (CESSNA 172S NAV III INFORMATION MANUAL)
65.
How is it vented? (CESSNA 172S NAV III INFORMATION MANUAL)
66. What is the BHP/RPM, Oil amount, fuel amount/types? (CESSNA 172S NAV III INFORMATION MANUAL)
67.
What type of electrical system does this have? (CESSNA 172S NAV III INFORMATION MANUAL)
68. What things should be considered during the preflight concerning the electrical system on an IFR flight? (CESSNA 172S NAV III INFORMATION MANUAL)
69.
If your alternator belt broke or came loose in flight, what would happen? (FAA-H-8083-25)
70.
What does the electrical system control? (CESSNA 172S NAV III INFORMATION MANUAL)
4-8
71. Would you have to make an emergency, power-off, landing if you lost your alternator and battery power?
72. What flight instrument(s) are electrically powered? (CESSNA 172S NAV III INFORMATION MANUAL)
73.
How do you know if the Turn Coordinator is working in flight?
74.
How do you know it is working when you are on the ground during your preflight?
75. AL)
How many gyroscopic instruments do you have? (CESSNA 172S NAV III INFORMATION MANU-
76.
What are the principles that make a gyro work? (FAA-H-8083-25)
77.
What powers these instruments? (CESSNA 172S NAV III INFORMATION MANUAL)
78.
Describe the vacuum system: (CESSNA 172S NAV III INFORMATION MANUAL)
79. How many vacuum pumps does the airplane have? (CESSNA 172S NAV III INFORMATION MANUAL)
80.
What powers the vacuums? (CESSNA 172S NAV III INFORMATION MANUAL)
4-9
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 81. Is it wet or dry pumps? (FAA-H-8083-15A, AC 43-13-1B )
82.
What errors does the Attitude Indicator have? (FAA-H-8083-15A)
83.
What is the allowable error during taxi-check? (FAA-H-8083-15A)
84.
What errors does the Heading Indicator have? (FAA-H-8083-15A)
85. What is the allowable precession error during flight and what are we checking during the taxicheck?
86.
How do we align our Heading Indicator so it reads correctly?
87. 15A)
How often should we align our Heading Indicator to the Magnetic Compass? (FAA-H-8083-
88.
What are we looking for in our Magnetic Compass during preflight and taxi?
89.
What are the errors of the Magnetic Compass? (FAA-H-8083-15A)
90.
How do we compensate for these errors? ( FAA-H-8083-15A)
91. How would you know if you had a single vacuum failure? (CESSNA 172S NAV III INFORMATION MANUAL)
4-10
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 92. What would you do if you had a complete vacuum failure? (CESSNA 172S NAV III INFORMATION MANUAL) 93. 94. What are the pitot-static instruments? (FAA-H-8083-15A) How does the Airspeed Indicator work? (FAA-H-8083-15A)
95.
What happens to the Airspeed Indicator if pitot-tube is clogged? (FAA-H-8083-15A)
96.
What happens to the Airspeed Indicator if static port is clogged? (FAA-H-8083-15A)
97.
When would you turn your pitot-heat on?
98.
How does the GPS system work? (AIM 1-1-19(a)1)
99. 100. 101. 102. 103. 104.
How many satellites does it use? (AIM 1-1-19(b)4) How do you know if you are receiving information from those satellites? (AIM 1-1-19(b)3) What makes the GPS airworthy to be used in IFR flight? (AIM 1-1-19(f )1) Can it be a handheld? How often is it updated? (AIM 1-1-19b.3.(a)) How do you know when it needs updated? (AIM 1-1-19f.1(c)(1)[a]) What is RAIM? (AIM 1-1-19a.2(b)3)
4-11
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 105. 106. 107. What is WAAS? (AIM 1-1-20) What are the advantages to using GPS over other navigational systems? (AIM 1-1-19b) What are some of the disadvantages to using GPS? (AIM 1-1-19)
108.
What is the CDI deflection on basic GPS navigation? (ASA-8261-1 appendix B-8,9)
109.
How do you know what phase of flight you are in?
110.
How long will your standby battery last? (CESSNA 172S NAV III INFORMATION MANUAL)
111.
How do you know if you are receiving WAAS?
112.
How do you know on a GPS approach to what minimums you can descend?
113.
If you lost your AHRS what would you lose?
114.
If you lost your ADC what would you lose?
115.
Where is the AHRS located?
4-12
116.
If you lost your PFD screen, what would happen?
117. 118.
If you lost your MFD screen, what would happen? What gives the AHRS heading information?
119.
Where is it located?
120.
What gives the G-1000 information for airspeed, VSI, and altitude?
121.
Where is the ADC located? (CESSNA 172S NAV III INFORMATION MANUAL)
122. Do you have to do a preflight test on the auto-pilot in order to use it during flight? (CESSNA 172S NAV III INFORMATION MANUAL)
123. If you get a PITCH TRIM annunciator warning, how do you reset the autopilot? (CESSNA 172S NAV III INFORMATION MANUAL)
124. What altitude are you allowed to turn on and use the autopilot? (CESSNA 172S NAV III INFORMATION MANUAL)
4-13
125. When should you turn off the auto-pilot and hand fly? (CESSNA 172S NAV III INFORMATION MANUAL)
126.
Label each of the antennas below:
4.6 Procedures
127. Where would you find the glide speed for engine failure at high altitude?
128. What actions would you take if you experience a rough running engine right after takeoff? (CESSNA 172S NAV III INFORMATION MANUAL)
129. What would you do if you had a right main tire blow out on takeoff? (CESSNA 172S NAV III INFORMATION MANUAL)
130. What is the airspeed at the bottom of the White Arc? Bottom of the Green Arc? Top of the White Arc? Top of the Green Arc? (CESSNA 172S NAV III INFORMATION MANUAL)
131.
What is Vx and when would you use it?
4-14
132.
What is Vy and when would you use it?
133.
When would you transition from Vy to a Cruise Climb of 85 knots? (Liberty SOP)
134.
What is the Maximum Window open speed? (CESSNA 172S NAV III INFORMATION MANUAL)
135.
Under what circumstances would you fly at Va? (FAA-H-8083-15A)
136.
Is Va always the same? Explain. (CESSNA 172S NAV III INFORMATION MANUAL)
137.
How does your altimeter work? (FAA-H-8083-15A)
138.
What is the maximum allowable error for an altimeter? (FAA-H-8083-15A)
139.
How does the VSI work? (FAA-H-8083-15A)
140. What happens to your instruments if the static port became clogged? What would you do? (CESSNA 172S NAV III INFORMATION MANUAL) 141. How do you check your instruments on your taxi to insure they are all working properly? 4-15
142.
How do you find pressure altitude? (FAA-H-8083-25)
143.
What is density altitude? (FAA-H-8083-25)
144.
How does higher density altitude affect our performance? (FAA-H-8083-25)
145.
What instruments indicate pitch? (FAA-H-8083-15A )
146.
What instruments indicate bank? (FAA-H-8083-15A)
147.
What instruments indicate power? (FAA-H-8083-15A)
148.
What is an HSI? What is its major advantage? (FAA-H-8083-15A)
149. On a typical VOR indicator, what does each dot represent for course deviation? What is fullscale deflection? (FAA-H-8083-15A)
5.1 General
1. How would you distinguish a runway that has a non-precision instrument markings as opposed to precision instrument markings? (AIM 2-3-3)
2.
What is the purpose of an ILS hold line? Where are they located?(AIM 2-3-5 (b), 1-1-9 (k).)
3. What operations can you do on a portion of a runway that has yellow chevrons up to the displaced threshold? (AIM 2-3-3 (i)1.)
4. What operations can you do on the portion of a runway that has white arrows up to the displaced threshold? (AIM 2-3-3 (h)2)
5.
What does ALS mean?
6.
How does a VASI or PAPI light system help a pilot? (AIM 2-1-2)
7.
What color are runway edge lights? (AIM 2-1-4)
8. What kind of in-flight visibility is required for VFR flight in class G? E? B? C? D? A? (14 CFR 91.155)
5-1
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 9. What are the special use airspaces? (AIM: Pilot Controller Glossary)
10. Are pilots allowed to fly through a Restricted Area on an IFR flight plan? Prohibited area? (14 CFR 73) 11. 12. 13. When do the FARs require an aircraft to have a Mode C transponder? (14 CFR 91.215.) Where would a pilot find information about NOTAMS? (AIM 5-1-3) What are NOTAMS? (List two types with an example of each).
14. 15.
What are preferred routes and where would a pilot find them? What important IFR information can be found in an A/FD?
5.2 Weather
16. 6A) 17. 18. At what rate does atmospheric temperature change with altitude change? (AIM 5-1-3, AC 00-
What are the standard temperature and pressure values for sea level? (AC 00-6A) Define VFR, MVFR, and IFR: (AC 00-45)
5-2
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 19. Name the weather reports and forecasts listed in the Instrument PTS?
20. What is a METAR? How often does it come out? Where is it generated? How is it useful? (AC 00-45)
21. What is a TAF? How often is it issued? How long is it valid? How is it useful? (Review a TAF with the student) (AC 00-45) 22. What is a Surface Analysis Chart? How often does it come out? What are the valid times? (AC 00-45)
23. 24. 25. 26. 27.
What does a blue line with triangles on the bottom represent? (AC 00-45) What does the red line with half-circles mean? (AC 00-45) What is the mix between the two? (AC 00-45) What is a purple line with both triangles and half-circles on the same side? (AC 00-45) What direction does a High Pressure system move? (AC 00-45)
28.
What direction does a Low Pressure system move? (AC 00-45)
29.
What is the danger of a warm front?
30.
What is the danger of a cold front?
5-3
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 31. What procedures would be followed if a pilot encountered unexpected turbulence? 32. What weather, cloud type, precipitation and surface visibility would you expect with a cold front? (AC 00-6A)
33. What weather, cloud type, precipitation and surface visibility would you expect with a warm front? (AC 00-6A)
34.
What are the light gray contours on a surface analysis chart, and what is their significance?
35. What is a Radar Summary Chart? What do the contours/circles on this chart represent? What does NE mean? What does NA mean? (AC 00-45)
5.3 Procedures - Air Traffic Control System

36. What are different ways a pilot may file an IFR flight plan? (AIM 5-1-8)
37.
When is an aircraft required to be on an IFR flight plan? (14 CFR 91.173)
38.
What is the purpose of an IFR flight plan? (ASA-8261-1 1-10)
39. How does a pilot open an IFR flight plan at Lynchburg Airport? Brookneal Airport? Washington-Dulles Airport? (AIM 5-1-8)
5-4
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 40. How may a pilot close an IFR flight plan at a controlled/uncontrolled field? (AIM 5-1-14)
41.
When can a pilot close an IFR flight plan? (AIM 5-1-14)
42.
What are the elements of an IFR clearance?
43.
What does it mean to be cleared as filed?
44.
When calling ground for a clearance, they say clearance on request, what does that mean?
45.
What does clearance void time mean? (AIM 5-2-6 (1))
46.
What is the purpose of the instructions hold for release? (AIM 5-5-5 (2))
47. 48.
Who is responsible for traffic separation on an IFR flight? (14 CFR 91.113 (b)) When can a pilot deviate from an ATC clearance? (14 CFR 91.123)
49. When ATC has not used the term at pilots discretion but instructs a pilot to climb or descend and maintain a certain altitude, at what rate do they expect the aircraft to climb or descend? (AIM 4-4-9)
5-5
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 50. When is a pilot required to file an alternate? (91.169)
51.
What are the fuel requirements when filing an alternate? (91.167)
52. What reports should be made to ATC(regardless of radar or non-radar contact)? (AIM 5-3-2, 5-3-3)
53.
What things should be reported to ATC if an aircraft is not in radar contact? (AIM 5-3-2, 5-3-3)
5.4 Procedures - Charts / Approach Plates

54. Where can a pilot obtain IFR charts? How often do they come out? How can it be determined if a chart is current?
55.
What are the standard Takeoff minimums? (91.175)
56. What are the minimums for a Part 91 flight to takeoff at KLYH? What would your personal minimums be to take off into IMC?
57.
What are the two types of Departure Procedures and what is their purpose? (AIM 5-2-8)
5-6
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 58. How would a pilot know if the airport they are departing has a DP?
59.
Where would a pilot find the ODP for an airport such as KLYH?
60.
What must a pilot have in their possession to fly an ODP? (AIM 5-2-8)
61. 62.
Is an ATC clearance required to fly a DP? (AIM 5-2-8) What conditions should be considered before accepting a DP? (ASA-8261-1 - FAA-H-8261-1)
63.
What is the difference between an ODP and a SID? (ASA-8261-1 - FAA-H-8261-1)
64.
Where would a pilot find a SID for an airport? (ASA-8261-1 - FAA-H-8261-1)
65. 66.
What must a pilot have in their possession to fly a SID? (AIM 5-2-8) Must a pilot accept a SID if it is issued by ATC? (ASA-8261-1 - FAA-H-8261-1)
67. If a pilot does not want to fly a SID or STAR, what should they do? (ASA-8261-1 - FAAH-8261-1) 68. What is a STAR and what are they for? (ASA-8261-1 - FAA-H-8261-1)
69.
Where does a pilot find STARs? (ASA-8261-1, FAA-H-8261-1)
5-7
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide Use the SMYRNA THREE ARRIVAL below to answer the following questions.
5-8
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 70. What is a transition?
71.
What are the different transitions available on the SMYRNA THREE?
72. If an aircraft received the following clearance: Aircraft 123AC, proceed direct to Casanova, cleared SMYRNA THREE ARRIVAL. Maintain 7,000 feet, how would a pilot fly the arrival?
73.
What altitude would the aircraft fly the leg between CASANOVA and NOTTINGHAM at?
74.
When could the pilot begin descending?
75.
Can this arrival be flown by a Cessna 172?
76.
If a pilot wanted to fly this arrival, how would they include it in their flight plan?
5-9
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide Use the approach plate below to answer the following questions.
77.
What are the AGL altitudes listed on this chart?
78.
What is the missed approach procedure?
79.
What IAF would a pilot use if approaching Lynchburg from the North?
80.
What IAF would a pilot use if approaching Lynchburg from the West?
5-10
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 81. Under what conditions would a pilot not fly a procedure turn?
82.
What type of equipment is required to fly this approach?
83.
When would a pilot initiate a missed approach?
84.
What are the missed approach times based on? Where is the time started?
85. If an aircrafts typical approach speed in 90 KIAS, what would the time to complete this approach be with a 15 knot headwind? 86. Describe how to brief an instrument approach.
87.
Why does the approach chart provide the TDZE and Airport elevation?
88.
What type of approach lights does this runway have?
89.
Does the runway have a PAPI or VASI?
90. What does category A, B, C, D mean? (AIM Figure 5-4-23) How are these categories determined?
91.
What is the S-4 and CIRCLING mean?
5-11
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 92. If a pilot is flying this approach with the intent of circling to land on runway 22, how close does the pilot need to stay to the runway to guarantee obstruction clearance? Does this change based on category? What are the different circling standards for each category? (AIM Figure 5-4-23)
93. If an approach does not provide a time for the missed approach, how would a pilot know when to go missed? (Use VOR RWY 22 at KLYH)
94.
When is a pilot allowed to leave the MDA for a lower altitude?
95. What does the circle with MSA on it mean? When would a pilot use it? (AIM: Pilot/Controller Glossary)
96.
What is a VOR or GPS-A approach?
97.
What is a VOR or GPS-B approach?
5-12
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide Use the NDB approach below to answer the following questions.
98.
What equipment is required to fly this approach?
99.
Could a pilot fly this approach if their aircraft only had GPS and no ADF? Why?
100.
Why is this approach designated as a Bravo approach? What is the Alpha approach?
101.
Where is the FAF on this approach?
102. Could this approach be flown in a G1000 equipped Cessna 172S? If so, when would the pilot initiate the missed approach?
5-13
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide Use the approach chart below to answer the following questions.
103. 104.
What are the components of an ILS approach? (AIM 1-1-9) What are the different methods a pilot may use to identify Vinton?
105.
When does the missed approach begin on an ILS approach?
106.
How would a pilot enter the hold for the published missed?
107.
When can a pilot leave the DA for a lower altitude?
108. What is the difference between the Morse Code identifier for the ROA Localizer and the ROA VOR? Original Issue: 01 January 2011 5-14
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 109. What would a pilot do if the wind was favoring Runway 15?
110. What kind of glide slope indicator is on the field to help a pilot transition their focus from inside the cockpit to outside for landing?
Use the chart below the answer the following questions.
111.
How would a pilot determine which minimums could be used for this approach?
112. What is the difference between a GPS waypoint with a circle around it and one that does not have a circle? How about one that has a triangle? (AIM Figure 1-2-1)
5-15
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 113. When would a pilot initiate the missed approach on a GPS approach? What is required for the GPS in the aircraft to begin the missed approach?
114.
What is a GPS Y or Z approach? (GPS RWY 21 at KCHO)
115. If the ceiling at LYH was 700 and the ILS was out of service, could Lynchburg Airport be used as an alternate if the aircraft had WAAS capability? (AIM 1-1-20 (b))
5.5 Circling / Sidestep Maneuvers

116. If a pilot is on the downwind leg of a circling approach and loses visual contact with the runway, what should he do? (AIM 5-4-21)
117.
When can a pilot descend below MDA during a circling approach?
118.
What is a sidestep approach? (AIM 5-4-19, Pilot/Controller Glossary)
5.6 Visual / Contact Approaches

119. What does cleared for the visual mean? (AIM: Pilot/Controller Glossary)
5-16
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 120. What is a contact approach? (AIM: Pilot/Controller Glossary)
121.
In the NOTES section of an approach chart, what does the A in the triangle mean?
122.
What are the standard weather minimums for selecting alternates? (14 CFR 91.169)
123.
What are the standard weather minimums for determining if an alternate is needed?
124.
Can an airport that has only a GPS approach be used as an alternate? (AIM 1-2-3)
125. If an ATIS reports that the approach light system is out of service for a particular runway, how would that affect an approach? Can a pilot continue the approach?
126. What are the different types of structural icing? What kind of precipitation and clouds are most likely to produce each type of icing?
6.1 Cross Country Procedures - Low Enroute Chart

1. What is the difference between Brown, Blue and Green Airports?
2.
Using a Low Enroute chart, describe the Lynchburg Airport (KLYH).
3.
What is the brown dotted circle just south of the LYH airport?
4.
What does the arrow mean coming out of the NDB station?
5. 6. 7.
What is an OROCA? When would a pilot use it? How is a MEA depicted? What is it and what does it guarantee? (FAA-H-8261-1) What is a MOCA? Why would a pilot use a MOCA? (ASA 8261-1)
8.
What do the small clear arrows indicate (Ex. at CONCO intersection NE of LYH)?
9.
Why is there a T at the end of some Victor airways at certain intersections?
10.
What does the flag with an R in it mean at MONAT intersection (SW of LYH)?
6-1
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 11. What does the flag with an X in it mean at CLYFF intersection (NE of LYH)?
12.
Could a pilot use New London Airport as an alternate? (FAR 91.169)
13. What does the large D shaped arrow with a number inside of it mean? (ex. 30 at PIGGS intersection SW of KLYH) 14. Interpret all available information regarding the ROA VOR.
15.
What does the R at the end of 122.1 on top of the VOR information box mean?
16.
What does LEESBURG mean on the bottom of the box?
17.
What does the circled H in the LYH VOR box stand for? What is it? (FAA-H-8083-25 11-3)
18. 19. 20. 21.
What are the light brown lines across the chart that have either IR ## or VR ##? Why are localizers sometimes depicted on Low-en route charts? How is a class Bravo airport depicted on a Low-en route chart? What are Special Use airspaces?
22.
Can a pilot fly through a Restricted area? (AIM 3-4-3)
6-2
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 23. Can a pilot fly through a Prohibited area? (AIM 3-4-3) 24. Where would a pilot change VORs frequencies if flying from Montebello (MOL) (North of LYH), VOR to Rainelle (RNL) (Directly West of MOL) VOR?
25. Where would a pilot change VORs frequencies if flying form Bluefield (BLF) VOR to Montebello (MOL) VOR?
26.
What does the Blue Box with INDIANAPOLIS mean (Just NW of Bluefield (BLF) VOR?
27.
What is the Box with ELKINS 122.65 122.2 co-located with the Bluefield (BLF) VOR?
28. If a pilot is inbound to LYH on the V143 and ATC issues him a Hold as Published over the HURTT intersection, what would that mean to him?
29.
What information will ATC give a pilot in a holding clearance? (AIM 5-3-7)
30.
How long should the legs be in a hold at 5,000? (AIM 5-3-7)
31.
What is the maximum holding speed at that altitude? (AIM 5-3-7)
32. 33.
What is the maximum holding speed at 10,000? (AIM 5-3-7) How are Low altitude RNAV routes depicted on a chart?
6-3
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 34. How long is an IFR Low En route chart valid?
35.
How is a Low frequency/ Medium frequency route depicted on an En route chart?
36.
What are the IFR fuel Requirements? (FAA and Liberty) (FAR 91.167 - Liberty FOM)
6.2 IFR Emergencies and Decision Making

Scenario: A pilot has filed KLYH-V260-HVQ-V128-CVG at 6,000 feet. ATC provides the following clearance: KLYH-V16-ROA-V258-BKW-V478-FLM-V517-CVG, Climb 3,000, expect 6,000 in 10 minutes. 37. The pilot loses communications during climb out in IMC. What route and what altitudes would he fly?
38.
What else would he do?
39.
What actions would he take if he started to pick up ice between ROA and BKW?
40.
What other emergencies could take place in IFR flight?
41.
What should a pilot do if he inadvertently enters a thunderstorm? (AIM 7-1-29)
6.3
42.

Where can a pilot find a list of the references used to determine the practical test standards?
6-4
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 43. List and describe each of the Special Emphasis Areas:
44.
What are the prerequisites that must be met prior to taking the practical test?
45.
What is required in regards to aircraft and equipment used for the practical test?
46.
What is the flight instructor responsible for in regards to the practical test?
47.
What is the examiner responsible for during the practical test?
48.
What is required for a pilot to pass the practical test, as defined by the PTS?
49.
What determines unsatisfactory performance?
50.
What is a continuance? Who decides when one is needed?
51.
If a continuance is needed, what procedure is used to finish the check ride?
6-5
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 52. Is the examiner allowed to purposely distract a pilot during the flight? Why or why not?
53.
What is an Area of Operation?
54.
What is a Task?
55.
Does an examiner have to complete all tasks listed in a given area of operation?
56. What tasks must an examiner question a pilot about during the Preflight Preparation area of operation?
57. For the first of the required tasks in the Preflight Preparation area of operation, where can a pilot find information regarding the task?
58. What is the second area of operation? Does the examiner have to complete all tasks in this area?
59.
List the completion standards for Basic Instrument Flight Maneuvers:
60.
List the completion standards for Holding Procedures:
6-6
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 61. What are the different types of approaches that must be conducted during the practical test?
62.
What is the SEVENTH area of the operation?
63. What is the maximum distance a pilot may be from the centerline of their course during the practical test? 64. What are the altitude tolerances throughout the enroute portion of the flight?
65. What are the tolerances during an approach? What are the tolerances at the MDA/DA for each approach?
Section 7 Commercial Pilot - Stage 4
7.1 General
1. Describe the function of the equipment list, and where one is found:
2.
What is an MEL? What purpose do they serve? (FAA-H-8083-25)
3.
Describe the privileges provided by the commercial certificate: (14 CFR 61.133)\
4. What process should be followed if a student pilot determines that a piece of equipment is inoperative while on a cross country flight?
5.
What is the service ceiling of the Cessna 172S Skyhawk?
7.2
6.

Where can a pilot find a list of the references used to determine the practical test standards?
7.
List and describe each of the Special Emphasis Areas:
8.
What are the prerequisites that must be met prior to taking the practical test?
7-1
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 9. What is required in regards to aircraft and equipment used for the practical test?
10.
What is the flight instructor responsible for in regards to the check ride?
11.
What is the examiner responsible for during the check ride?
12.
What is required for the pilot to pass the check ride, as defined by the PTS?
13.
What determines unsatisfactory performance?
14.
What is a continuance? Who decides when one is needed?
15.
If a continuance is needed, what procedure is used to finish the check ride?
16.
Is the examiner allowed to purposely distract the pilot during the flight? Why or why not?
17.
What is an Area of Operation?
18. 19.
What is a Task? Does an examiner have to complete all tasks listed in a given area of operation?
7-2
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 20. What tasks must an examiner question the applicant about during the Preflight Preparation area of operation?
21. For the first of the required tasks in the Preflight Preparation area of operation, where can a pilot find information regarding the task?
22. What is the second area of operation listed? Does the examiner have to complete all tasks in this area?
23. What must be done if a crosswind does not exist during the check ride that would allow the pilot to demonstrate crosswind landings?
24.
List the completion standards for Normal and Crosswind Approach and Landing:
25.
List the completion standards for Short-Field Approach and Landing:
26.
What are the performance maneuvers?
27.
What are the ground reference maneuvers?
7-3
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 28. What is the SIXTH area of the operation?
29.
What is the maximum distance a pilot can be from the centerline of their planned route?
30.
What are the altitude tolerances during the cross country phase of the check ride?
31.
Within how many minutes does a pilot have to arrive at a given checkpoint?
32.
List the completion standards for TASK A of the EIGHTH area of operation:
7.3 Weather
33. Translate the following TAFs: (AC 00-45) KBRO 162320Z 1700/1724 34008KT P6SM -RA BKN005 OVC010 FM171500 36008KT P6SM VCSH BKN005 OVC020 FM171800 02008KT P6SM VCSH BKN010
KGRI 231725Z 2318/2418 18034G46KT P6SM BKN035 TEMPO 2318/2319 3SM TSRA BR OVC025CB FM232000 19034G46KT 3SM TSRA BR OVC025CB TEMPO 2320/2323 1SM +TSRAGS OVC015CB FM240000 26028G40KT P6SM BKN070
7-4
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 34. Translate the following METARs: (AC 00-45) KLAS 162356Z 07004KT 10SM FEW250 28/M08 A3010 RMK AO2 SLP176 T02831083 KGRI 231901Z 18027G41KT 4SM TS HZ BLDU SCT060 BKN100 22/07 A2922 RMK AO2 PK WND 17041/1858 TSB1855RAE1855 PRESFR P0000
KAMA 290020Z 19061G83KT 1SM R22/6000VP6000FT TSRA SQ BKN015 OVC037CB 21/18 A2989 RMK AO2 PK WND 19083/0019 WSHFT 2340 GRE08 FRQ LTGICCG TS OHD MOV E P0065
KDHN 131807Z 16007KT 10SM -RA SCT012 BKN070 OVC110 17/14 A2993 RMK AO2 LTG DSNT E-S P0000
KPFN 131759Z 02011G18KT 1 3/4SM +RA BR BKN009 BKN013 OVC020 18/17 A2994 RMK AO2 WSHFT 1740 PRESRR P0014 Use the weather chart below to answer the following questions.
7-5
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 35. What type of weather product is this?
36.
What information does this chart provide?
37. Is the weather forecasted by this charted forecasted for the area to the left of the arrow, the right of the arrow, or along the arrow?
38.
What type of weather is forecasted for the western Washington state area?
39.
What type of weather is forecasted for the state of Alabama?
40.
How long are these charts effective for?
41.
How often are these charts produced?
42.
What is a PIREP?
43.
How are PIREPs filed?
44.
How can a pilot obtain PIREPs?
7-6
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 45. Translate the following PIREPs. BLH UA /OV BLH273034/TM 2019/FL310/TP B733/TB CONT LGT/RM OCNL MOD CHOP
PSP UA /OV PSP/TM 2025/FLUNKN/TP B738/RM DURGD RWY 31L FROM NORTH SHORT DURATION MOD CHOP 160. OVER BANNING PASS SMOOTH. BELO 030 LGT BORDERLINE MOD CHOP. ALITTLE WINDSHEAR ON FINAL
46.
UES UA /OV BAE /TM 1652 /FLUNKN /TP CRJ2 /TB MOD /RM MOD TURB BTN 080-130
47.
What is a NOTAM?
48.
What types of NOTAMs are published?
49.
How can a pilot obtain NOTAMs?
50.
What type of information does a FD weather product provide?
Use the Winds/Temps Aloft Chart below to answer the following questions. FT 3000 6000 9000 12000 18000 24000 30000 DLN 2433 2742-09 2739-22 3040-32 318046
34000 319855
39000 820264
51. Why are there no winds/temps published for 3000 and 6000? Why is there no temperature included at 9000? 52. 53. What are the winds aloft at 9000 feet? What are the winds aloft at 39000 feet? 7-7
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide Use the chart below the answer the following questions.
54. 55.
What type of weather product is this? What type of information do these charts provide? Are they forecasts or reports?
56. 57. 58.
How long are these products valid for? How often are these products published? What are the large Hs? What are the large Ls? How does air flow around each?
7-8
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 59. What type of front is depicted by a blue line with triangles? What type of front is depicted by a red line with half circles? What types of weather are associated with each of these fronts?
60. What type of front is depicted by a purple line with both triangles and half circles? How do these types of fronts form? What type of weather is associated with this type of front?
61. What type of front is depicted by a line of alternated red and blue with both triangles and half circles? What type of weather is associated with this type of front?
62.
What do the dashed orange lines represent?
63.
What do the gray lines on the chart represent?
64.
Based on the chart above, where would expect to see stormy weather?
65.
Do the winds aloft flow parallel or against the gray lines? What about surface winds?
66.
Is there any type of precipitation depicetd on this chart?
7-9
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide Use the chart below to answer the following questions.
67. 68.
What type of weather product is this? How does this chart differ from a surface analysis chart?
69. What type of weather is forecasted for the Seattle area? What about the eastern portions of Florida?
70.
What type of weather would be expected to exist in central Texas?
71.
How long are these charts valid for? How often are they produced?
7-10
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide Use the Weather Depiction chart below to answer the following questions.
72. What do the circles on the chart represent? What does a clear circle represent? What about a quarter-filled circled? A quarter-filled circle with a line? A three quarter-filled circled? A filled circle?
73.
What type of weather is reported for the circled airport?
74. What type of weather is reported within the contoured area? What type of weather is reported with the shaded area?
75.
What is the long dashed line to the right of the contours?
7-11
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 76. What types of weather would an AIRMET be issued for? What types of AIRMETs are issued for each type of weather?
77.
How long is an AIRMET valid for? How often are they published?
78.
What severity of weather is an AIRMET issued for?
79. What types of weather would an SIGMET be issued for? What types of SIGMETs are issued for each type of weather?
80.
How long is an SIGMET valid for? How often are they published?
81.
What severity of weather is an SIGMET issued for?
82.
What is the difference between a SIGMET and a CONVECTIVE SIGMET?
83.
How long are CONVECTIVE SIGMETs valid for?
84.
What types of weather are CONVECTIVE SIGMETs issued for?
7-12
7.4 Airspace
1. What are the dimensions of a victor airway? (FAA-H-8083-25, AIM 5-3-4)
2. List and describe the function of the different types of Special Use Airspace and how each is depicted on a sectional chart. AIM 3-4-1
3.
Fill in the following airspace chart. Class of Dimensions Airspace A
Cloud Clearances and Visbility
Requirements to Enter
7-13
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 4. Label each of the following sectional symbols.
5. Describe the information provided by each of the following airport symbols from a sectional chart.
6. Describe the information provided by each of the following VOR symbols from a sectional chart.
7-14
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 7. Are VFR cruising altitudes are based on true course or magnetic course? (FAR Part 91.159)
8. What altitude should an aircraft be at if it is flying from Lynchburg, VA, to Myrtle Beach, SC, as a VFR flight? 9. An aircraft is currently at 5,500 feet over the Raleigh-Durham airport. What airspace is it in? What is required for the aircraft to be there? (AIM 3-24, 4-1-19, FAR 91.215 (b)(4)) 10. What is the purpose of Flight Service? How can Flight Service be contacted in the air? (AIM 4-1-3)
11.
What is Flight Watch, and how can it be contacted? (AIM 4-1-3)
12.
What is the difference between VFR flight following and a VFR flight plan?
13.
Describe each of the types of NOTAMs, and give an example of each:
14. How are each of the airspaces listed below depicted on a sectional chart? (AIM Chapter 3) i. Class A Airspace ii. Class B Airspace iii. Class C Airspace iv. Class D Airspace v. Class E Airspace vi. Class G Airspace
15. List the different types of Special Use Airspace below, and how each is depicted on a sectional chart. (AIM 3-4-1)
16.
Of the different types of Special Use Airspace, which can be flown in or through? (AIM 3-4-1)
7-15
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 17. What is a Federal Airway? How are they depicted on a sectional chart? (AIM 5-3-4)
18.
What is a Military Training Route? How are they depicted on a sectional chart? (AIM 3-5-2)
19. What does a Military Training Route with an identification with 3 numbers mean? What if the identifier has 4 numbers? (AIM 3-5-2(d))
20. What is a MOA? Can a pilot fly through or in a MOA? What precautions should be taken?(AIM 3-4-5)
21. If airspace is depicted on a sectional chart as R-6312, what kind of airspace is it? Can an aircraft fly over it? (AIM 3-4-3)
22. If an airspace is depicted as P-67 on a sectional chart, what kind of airspace is it? Can an aircraft fly over it? (AIM 3-4-3)
23.
What is a TFR? Where can a pilot obtain information regarding them?
24.
Can a VFR aircraft legally fly through a TFR? What about an IFR aircraft?(AIM 3-4-3)
8.1 General
1. Describe the oxygen requirements. (FAR 91.211)
2.
At what altitudes does the FAA recommend the use of oxygen? (AIM 8-1-2 b.6.)
3.
Describe the purpose of an M.E.L., and where can a M.E.L. be found: (FAA-H-8083-25 7-8)
4.
What is the difference between an M.E.L. and an equipment list?
5.
What are the required items for a day VFR flight? (FAR 91.205)
6.
What are the required items for a night VFR flight?
7. Are all of the items listed above required for a day VFR flight in a Cessna 172RG? Why or why not? (FAR 91.205)
8.
What are the required inspections for a VFR flight? (FAR 91.409)
8-1
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 9. What are the required inspections for an IFR flight? (FAR 91.411 FAR 91.413 FAR 91.171 FAR 91.207)
10.
What does a commercial certificate allow a pilot to do? (FAR 61.133)
11. What class of medical is required for a pilot to exercise the privileges of the commercial certificate?
12. Describe whether or not a commercial rated pilot could legally complete a flight under each of the following circumstances: a. A good friend from school asks the pilot to fly him home to Georgia for a weekend. The friends says that he will pay for the rental cost of the aircraft, as well as fuel costs and any landing/parking fees for the weekend. The friend also says that the pilot can stay with him and his family. Can the pilot legally accept this flight? Why or why not?
b. Another friend asks the pilot to fly them to New York for a three-day business trip. They offer to pay for the rental costs, fuel, and landing/parking fees. They also offer to give the pilot $75.00/day to cover his costs while he is in the city. Can he legally accept this flight? Why or why not?
c. In the same situation, the friend offers to pay for the pilots hotel costs instead of a per diem pay. Can he legally accept this flight now? Why or why not?
13.
What is the definition of a service ceiling? What is the Cessna 172RGs service ceiling?
8-2
8.2
14.

Complete the following table regarding maneuvers: (Liberty FOM - Commercial PTS) Manuever PTS Requirements Lazy Eights
Steep Turns
Eights-on-Pylons
Chandelles
Power-Off 180
Short Field Landing
Soft Field Landing
Slow Flight
Steep Spiral Emergency Procedure (Engine Failure)
8.3 Aeromedical
15. 16. What is the root cause of hypoxia? (FAA-H-8083-25) List and describe the different forms of hypoxia: (FAA-H-8083-25)
8-3
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 17. What can be done to counteract the effects of hypoxia? (FAA-H-8083-25)
18.
At what altitude can symptoms of hypoxia appear? (FAA-H-8083-25)
19.
What factors affect a persons susceptibility to hypoxia? (FAA-H-8083-25)
----------END----------
8-4
9.1 General Systems (Cessna 172RG Cutlass)

For all (True / False) questions, if the answer is (False), write in the correct answer. 1. What type of engine is the Cessna 172RG equipped with?
2.
What is the maximum horsepower the engine can produce?
3.
What is the maximum continuous RPM for the engine?
4.
What is the maximum fuel capacity for the Cessna 172RG?
5.
(True / False) The Cutlass is equipped with two main fuel tanks and two auxiliary fuel tanks.
6. The minimum operating oil level for the 172RG is ___ quarts. The maximum oil capacity is ___ quarts. 7. (True / False) The Cutlass is equipped with a fuel-injected engine.
8. A discharging ammeter during flight is indicative of the electrical load exceeding the output of the: a. alternator. b. battery. c. magnetos. d. standby battery.
9-1
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 9. The first indication of the formation of carburetor ice in this aircraft would be: a. a loss of RPM. b. a drop in manifold pressure. c. a discharging ammeter. d. both A and B. 10. What is the best angle-of-climb speed? What is the purpose of the best angle-of-climb?
11. 12. 13.
What is the best rate-of-climb? What is the purpose of the best rate-of-climb? (True / False) The alternate static source is located in the engine compartment. What is the go around procedure for this aircraft?
14. 15.
(True / False) The normal fuel pressure range during normal operations is 0.5 PSI to 8.0 PSI. If you notice the fuel pressure is less than the normal operating range, what should you do?
16.
What is the primary purpose of the auxiliary fuel pump?
17. If the engine-driven fuel pump failed during the initial portion of the climb-out (at approximately 500 ft AGL), what would be your first indication? What procedures would you complete?
18. What indications are available to you to indicate that the landing gear is in the down-andlocked position?
19. If the green gear position light does not illuminate with the gear handle in the down position what should you do?
9-2
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 20. (True / False) The gear warning horn will only sound with the landing gear selector up and flaps extended to 10.
21. (True / False) After takeoff, prior to retracting the landing gear, the brakes should be applied to prevent the tires from rubbing on retraction. 22. 23. (True / False) The safety squat switch is located on the left main landing gear. What is the purpose of the safety squat switch?
24. (True / False) During your preflight, the squat switch function should be checked by putting the gear handle switch in the up position. 25. 26. 27. 28. (True / False) The hand pump can be used to raise the gear. How many pumps on the emergency hand pump are required to fully extend the gear? The main gear system is powered by: The main gear requires _____________ seconds to fully extend or retract.
29.
How is the pitch of the propeller changed?
30.
In the event of an oil loss, the propeller will automatically a. go to a low pitch (high rpm) setting. b. go to a high pitch (low rpm) setting. c. go to a feather position. d. make no position change.
31. (True / False) At maximum gross takeoff weight, the POH recommends using full flaps for normal, short, and soft field takeoff procedures. Original Issue: 01 January 2011 9-3
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 32. Complete the following airspeed chart. V-Speed Type of Speed VX VY VG VLO VLE VNE 2650 pounds VA 2250 pounds 1850 pounds VS VS0 VFE 33. To 10 Flaps 10-30 Flaps Best Angle-of-Climb
Airspeed
Why does VA change? Why is it higher with a higher aircraft weight?
34.
What are the engine failure in flight checklist memory items?
35.
What are the engine fire in flight checklist memory items?
9-4
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 36. (True / False) The gear warning horn can be checked during the preflight by pressing on the GREEN gear position indicator light.
37.
What is the first indication of a failed alternator?
38.
Carburetor icing is suspected during flight, how do you rectify the situation?
39. (True / False) After applying carburetor heat, the engine begins running roughly. You should turn the carburetor heat off. 40. Why was the engine running roughly when carburetor heat was applied?
41. How many vacuum pumps is the 172RG equipped with? What instruments are powered by the vacuum system?
42. What is the purpose of the cowl flaps? When should they be open? When should they be closed?
For the following questions use these conditions to compute the takeoff data: Field elevation: 938 MSL Temperature: 24C Wind: 7-knot tailwind Weight: 2500 pounds 43. What is the ground roll under these conditions?
44.
What is the distance required to clear a 50 foot obstacle? 9-5
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide For the following questions use these conditions to compute the landing data. Pressure altitude: 1,500 MSL Temperature: 20C Runway: Dry, Paved Wind: 6-knot headwind
45.
What is the ground roll under these conditions?
46.
What is the distance required to clear a 50 foot obstacle?
For the following questions use these conditions to answer. Pressure altitude: 8,000 MSL Temperature: 19C Fuel: 62 gallons useable Percent power: 68% RPM: 2400 47. What manifold pressure setting is being used?
48.
What is the calculated true airspeed using these conditions?
49.
What fuel burn can be expected?
50.
Under these conditions what is the maximum range for the aircraft (NM)?
51.
Under these conditions what is the maximum endurance (hours) for the aircraft?
9-6
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide Use the following weight and balance information for a Cessna 172RG to answer the questions below. Empty weight: 1711 pounds Empty moment: 65200 Pilot and front passenger: 360 pounds Rear passengers: 300 pounds Baggage area 1: 30 pounds Useable fuel: 55 gallons
52.
Is this aircraft within weight limits? (If not, by how much?)
53.
Is these aircraft within CG limits? (If not, by how much?)
54.
If the aircraft exceeds its limits, what can be done to bring the aircraft within limitations?
----------END----------
9-7
Section 10 Multi-Engine Pilot
10.1 Performance and Limitations

1. List each of the applicable V speeds: Define each and describe each airspeeds marking on airspeed indicator. (PIM)
2.
What is the maximum demonstrated crosswind component? (PIM)
3. Define single-engine service ceiling and Multi-engine service ceiling? How are they determined? (FAA-H-8083-3)
4.
What factors determine climb performance? (FAA-P-8740-19)
5.
What factors affect service ceiling? (FAA-H-8083-3)
6.
What are forward CG characteristics? (FAA-H-8083-3)
7. 8. 9.
What is the maximum baggage capacity? (PIM) When is the landing gear retracted during a normal takeoff? (PIM) When would a pilot need to perform an Emergency decent? (FAA-H-8083-3)
10-1
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 10. What is accelerate stop distance and how is it determined? (FAA-H-8083-3)
11. What is the location of the emergency exits and how are they opened? (PIM 3-23)
10.2 Operation of Systems

Describe the Seminole PA-44-180 engine. (PIM) 12. What is the numerical designation? 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. How many cylinders? Who is the manufacturer? What is the horsepower rating? Does it have fuel injectors or a carburetor? Is the engine turbo-charged or normally aspirated? Why is the right engine labeled LO-360? How are the cylinders arranged? How is ignition provided? What are the minimum and maximum oil capacities in the Seminole? (PIM 8-10)
10-2
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide Describe the propeller system. (PIM) 22. Who makes the propellers? 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. What does oil pressure do to the propeller? Which lever manipulates oil pressure to the propeller? Which unit regulates oil pressure to the propeller? What is the function of the nitrogen cylinder? What Is the purpose of the spring in the prop dome? What unit adjusts the propeller to maintain a constant RPM and how does it do it? Will the propeller feather below 950 RPM? Why or why not? What are centrifugal stop pins? How long does it take the prop to feather? How is the Prop system different from the C-172RG? What is the correct action for a propeller over speed? (PIM)
Describe the electrical system (PIM) 34. Where is the battery in the Seminole? 35. How many volts is the battery?
10-3
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 36. How many volts/amps is the Alternator? 37. 38. What does the Seminole have for over voltage protection? What are the indications of a failed alternator? (PIM)
Describe the vacuum system. (PIM) 39. Which instruments are vacuum operated? 40. 41. 42. What are the normal vacuum operating limits? How many vacuum pumps does the PA-44 have? What indications would occur in the event of a vacuum pump failure?
43.
Describe the stall warning system. (PIM)
44.
Describe the fuel system. (PIM)
45. 46. 47. 48. 49.
What is the fuel capacity? How many gallons are unusable? What grade fuel is to be used in the PA-44? (PIM 7-14) How many fuel pumps are on the aircraft? (PIM 7-14) When are the electric fuel pumps to be used? (Liberty Checklist) What are the various positions on the fuel selector control? (PIM 7-14) 10-4
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 50. Explain how to cross feed fuel. (PIM 7-16)
Describe the landing gear system. (PIM) 51. How is the landing gear actuated? Describe the pump.
52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58.
Is the gear selector a switch or a valve? What keeps the gear in the up position? What keeps the gear in the down position? Where is the squat switch located? If Hydraulic pressure is suddenly lost in flight, what indication, if any, would you have? Where is the hydraulic reservoir located? In what three situations will the landing gear horn activate?
59. 60. 61. 62. 63.
What unit will not allow the gear to be retracted on the ground? What is the procedure to extend the gear manually (Emergency Gear Extension)? What airspeed is of importance during manual gear extension? Are the brake and the landing gear hydraulics interconnected? If you lose gear hydraulics, will you still have brakes?
10-5
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 64. What indicates that the gear is in transit and the hydraulic pump is activated? (PIM) 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. What type of braking system is used by the Seminole? (PIM) Where is the reservoir located? How many brake cylinders? What type of flaps does the Seminole have? (PIM) What are the flap settings on the Seminole? What are the maximum taxi, takeoff, and landing weights? (PIM) Explain the pitot static system. (PIM)
72. Does the PA-44 have an alternate static source? If so, how is it activated and what actions are necessary to acquire the most accurate reading?
73. 74. 75. 76. 77.
What instruments are pitot static? Where is the pitot static port located? Where are the pitot static drains located? What is the correct tire pressure for the Seminole? (PIM) Describe the Heater system in the Seminole? (PIM)
10-6
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 78. How do you prevent a heater overheat? 79. 80. 81. 82. 83. How many gallons per hour does the heater burn and from which tank? What is the procedure for cooling down the heater prior to landing and shutdown? Where is the heater located? If the heater gets over heated, what happens and can the pilot do anything about it? Is there a squat switch for the heater?
84. If an engine failure occurred at 5000 MSL, or a high density altitude, what would you do to get max performance from the operating engine after performing the IN-Flight Engine Failure Checklist? (Liberty PA-44 Checklist)
85. If the cylinder head temp and oil temp approach the caution range, what can be done to assist in cooling?
86. Why does manifold pressure decrease approximately 1 every 1000 during climb? (FAAH-8083-25)
87. When an engine is inoperative or feathered, what indication will be observed on the manifold pressure gauge? (FAA-H-8083-25)
88. Why is the manifold pressure gauge not necessarily a good indicator in determining an inoperative engine? (FAA-H-8083-25)
10-7
School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide 89. What is the single engine rate of climb: PA 7,000; GW 3,600lbs? (PIM)
10.3 Principles of Flight Engine Inoperative

90. What are three performance/control problems immediately after engine failure? (FAAP-8740-19)
91.
What is the first priority after an engine failure? (FAA-H-8083-3)
92. If unable to maintain altitude single engine, what speed will give you the slowest rate of decent? 93. Define VSSE. (PIM)
94. Why do we lose 80 percent of excess power (power required to climb) when an engine fails? (FAA-H-8083-3)
95.
Define VMC. (FAA-H-8083-3)
96.
Who determines VMC for a particular aircraft? (FAA-H-8083-3)
97.
What are the factors in determining VMC? (FAA-H-8083-3)
10-8
98.
How does Vmc change with Density Altitude?
99.
Why is an aft CG used in determining VMC?
100.
Define critical engine and list the 4 factors that make it critical. (14 CFR part 1), (FAA-H-8083-3)
101. What causes an aircraft to sideslip with the loss of an engine, and what action is required to correct this?
102. How much could Vmc change if bank toward operating engine is not established? (FAAH-8083-3)
103.
What are the turning tendencies affecting a multi-engine aircraft? (FAA-H-8083-3)
10-9

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Oral Exam Study Guide

School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide

Original Issue: 01 January 2011

School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide

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School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide

List of Effective Pages

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School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide

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School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide

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School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide

Federal Aviation Regulations

Aeronautical Information Manual

Pilots Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge

Airplane Flying Handbook

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Instrument Flying Handbook

Instrument Procedures Handbook

Aviation Weather Services

----------END---------Original Issue: 01 January 2011

School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide

Section 1 Private Pilot - Stage 1

9. What is an MEL? (FAA-H-8083-25)

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11. Describe the purpose and function of maintenance Phase Inspections.

1.2 Special Emphasis Areas

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School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide

1.3 Federal Aviation Regulations

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School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide

25. What does the alternator do? (FAA-H-8083-25)

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Original Issue: 01 January 2011

38. How does the Altimeter work? (FAA-H-8083-25)

39. How does the Airspeed Indicator work? (FAA-H-8083-25)

40. How does the Vertical Speed Indicator work? (FAA-H-8083-25)

Original Issue: 01 January 2011

School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide

41. What does METAR stand for? (AC 00-45)

42. What is a METAR? (AC 00-45)

43. How often are METARs published? (AC 00-45)

44. How long are METARs effective for? (AC 00-45)

48. What does TAF stand for? (AC 00-45)

49. What is a TAF? (AC 00-45)

Original Issue: 01 January 2011

51. How long are TAFs effective for? (AIM 7-1-32)

54. What does FA stand for? (AC 00-45)

55. What is a FA? ((AC 00-45)

56. How often are FAs published? (AC 00-45)

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Original Issue: 01 January 2011

Original Issue: 01 January 2011

72. What does the best glide airspeed provide? (FAA-H-8083-3A)

75. What is the emergency frequency? When would it be used?

Original Issue: 01 January 2011

School of Aeronautics Oral Exam Study Guide

79. How does density altitude affect airplane performance? (FAA-H-8083-25)

80. How does weight affect airplane performance? (FAA-H-8083-25)