Geometry

2D Geometry
1. Consider the curve : (a)
x = t 2 +1 , where y = 2t

t R.

Let A(a 2 +1,2a ) and B (b 2 +1,2b) be two distinct points on . (i) Find the equation of the normal to at A. (i) Prove that AB is normal to at A if and only if a 2 + ab + 2 = 0 . 6) is a point on . Find two points on , other than P , at which (b) It is given that P (10, the normals to intersect at P . (07-6) (7 marks) 2. Let the equation of the ellipse E be
x2 y2 + = 1 , where a and b are two distinct positive constants. a2 b2 The coordinates of the points P and Q are (a cos , b sin ) and ((a + b) cos , (a + b) sin ) respectively, where 0 < < .
2

(a) Prove that (i) P lies on E, (ii) The straight line passing through P and Q is the normal to E at P. (b) Let c be a constant such that the straight line x sin y cos = c is a tangent to E. Express the distance between P and Q in terms of c. (06-6) 3. Let P: y 2 = 80 x be a parabola. (a) Prove that the straight line y = mx + c is a tangent to P if and only if mc = 20 . (b) Consider the curve :
x = 3 cos , 3 < < . 2 y = sin , 2

(7 marks)

Find the coordinates of the two points on at which the normals to are tangent to P. (05-5) 4. Consider the hyperbola H :
a

(7 marks)

x2 y2 = 1 , where a and b are positive constants, with its asymptotes a2 b2 b b L1 : y = x and L2 : y = x . Let P be the point (a sec, b tan ) , where < < .
a 2 2

(a) Prove that P lies on H. (b) The tangents to H at P cuts L1 and L2 at Q1 and Q2 respectively. (i) Find the coordinates of Q1 and Q2 . OPQ1 and OQ2 P , where O is the origin. (ii) Find the areas of Hence find Q1 P : PQ2 . (03-5)

(7 marks)

5. Let P be the parabola y2 = 4ax where a is a non-zero constant, and A (at12, 2at1), B (at22, 2at2) be two distinct points on P. (a) Find the equation of chord AB. (b) Is A and B moves in such a way that chord AB always passes through (a, 0), find the equation of the locus of the mid-point of AB. (01-4) (5 marks) 6. Let P be the parabola y 2 = kx , where k is a non-zero constant. A(ks 2 , ks ) and B ( kt 2 , kt ) are two distinct points on P moving in such a way that the tangents drawn to P at A and B are perpendicular to each other.

(a) Show that st = . (b) If M is the mid-point of AB, show that M lies on a parabola and find the equation of this parabola. (97-3) (5 marks)

1 4

7. Consider the parabola y 2 = 4ax . (a) Prove that the equation of the normal at P( at 2 ,2at) is y + tx = 2at + at 3 . (*) 2 (b) Pi (at i ,2at i ) , i = 1, 2, 3, are three distict points on the parabola. Suppose the normals at these points are concurrent. By considering (*) as a cubic equation in t, or otherwise, show that t1 + t 2 + t 3 = 0 . (95-3) (5 marks)

8. Let C be the circle given by the polar equation r = 2acos (where a > 0), P be a variable point on C and O be the origin. Let Q be a point lying on the line through O and P such that P and Q are on the same side of O and OP OQ = a 2 . Show that the Cartesian equation of the locus of Q is x =
a . (93-3) 2

(5 marks)

9. Consider the line (L) : y = 2a and the circle (C) : x 2 + y 2 = a 2 , where a > 0. Let P be a variable point on (L). If the tangents from P to (C) touch the circle (C) at points Q and R respectively, show that the mid-point of QR lies on a fixed circle, and find the centre and radius of this circle. (92-6) (6 marks) 10. Chords with slope equal to 1 and drawn in the ellipse 2 x 2 + 2 xy + y 2 = 1 . Prove that the mid-points of these chords lie on a straight line, and find the equation of this line. (91-1) (4 marks)

11. Consider the parabola : y 2 = 1 + 2 x . Let the origin O be the pole, and the positive x-axis be the initial line of a polar coordinate system. (a) Find the polar equation of the curve in the form r = f(). (b) PQ is a chord of length
8 , passing through O and with P lying in the first quadrant. 3

Find the polar coordinates of P and Q. (89-6)

(6 marks)

3D Geometry
12. Let L1 :
x + 2 y 3 = = z 2 and L2 : x 3 = 5 y = 1 z be two straight lines. 3 4 (a) Prove that L1 and L2 intersect at a point and find the coordinates of the point of intersection.

(b) Find the acute angle between L1 and L2 . (c) Find the equation of the plane containing L1 and L2 . (05-6) 13. Consider the two planes 1 : x + y + z = 1 and 2 : x y + z = 2. (a) Find the parametric equation of the line of intersection of 1 and 2 . (b) Find the equation(s) of the plane(s) containing all the points which are equidistant from 1 and 2 . (04-6)

(7 marks)

(6 marks)

14. Let be the plane containing (2,1,0), (1,0,1) and (3,0,1). Suppose L is the straight line passing through A(0,0,2) and perpendicular to . Find (a) the equation of , (b) the coordinates of the point of intersection of L and , (c) the distance from A to . (03-6) (7 marks) 15. The equation of a straight line l in R3 is
x =t 3 y = t 3 , t R. z = 3 t 2

Let A and B be two points on l with OA = OB = r, where O is the origin. (a) Express the distance between A and B in terms of r. (b) If OAB is an equilateral triangle, find the value of r. (02-4)

(5 marks)

16. Let L1 be the line of intersection of the planes x + y + z = 1 and x y z = 5, and L2 be the line passing through (1,1,1) and intersecting L1 at right angle. (a) Find a parametric equation of L1 . (b) Find the coordinates of the point of intersection of L1 and L2 , and a parametric equation of L2 . (99-7) (7 marks) 17. Consider the line L :
x 1 y 2 z = = and the plane : x + y + z = 0. 2 1 2

(a) Find the coordinates of the point where L intersects . (b) Find the angle between L and . (98-4) 18. Find the equations of the straight line which satisfies the following two conditions: (i) passing through the point (4,2,3), (ii) parallel to the planes x + y + z 10 = 0 and x + 2y = 0. (94-3) 19. Find the equation of the plane passing through the line of intersection of the planes x + y + z 1 = 0 and x + 4y + 3z = 0 and parallel to the straight line x 1 = 3y = 3(z + 1). (93-2) 20. If the line

(6 marks)

(4 marks)

(5 marks)

x 2 y 4 z 4 x y 3 z 2 = = and 1 = 1 = q are coplanar and perpendicular to each other, 1 p 1

find p and q. (92-3)

(6 marks)

21. Find the equation of the plane containing the line (L) : the point A(1,1,3). (90-6)

x 1 y + 1 z 2 = = and 3 2 2

(5 marks)