A Project Report on

INFRARED WIRELESS DOOR MONITOR

Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of the degree of Bachelor of Technology In ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

Submitted To Mr. Shiv Kumar Saini (Project Coordinator)

Submitted By Rohit Kumar Saini Ghanshyam Jangid Neeraj Kumar Mukesh Kumar

Guided By Mr. Priyavardan Sharma

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION

SIDDHI VINAYAK ENGINEERING & MANAGEMENT COLLEGE, ALWAR (RAJ.)

SESSION: 2012-2013

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the project report entitled INFRARED WIRELESS DOOR MONITOR submitted for the award of Degree of Bachelor of Technology in the Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering of Siddhi Vinayak Engineering & Management College, Alwar , is a record of authentic work carried out by him under my/our supervision. The matter embodied in this project report is the original work of the candidate and has not been submitted for the award of any other degree . It is further certified that he has worked with me/us for the required period in the Department of Electronics & communication Engineering, Siddhi Vinayak Engineering & Management College, Alwar.

Submitted To Mr. Shiv Kumar Saini (Project Coordinator)

Submitted By Rohit Kumar Saini Ghanshyam Jangid Neeraj Kumar Mukesh Kumar

Guided By Mr. Priyavardan Sharma

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I take this opportunity to express my profound gratitude and deep regards to my guide Mr. Priyavardan Sharma for his exemplary guidance, monitoring and constant encouragement throughout the course of this project. I also take this opportunity to express a deep sense of gratitude to Mr. Shiv Kumar Saini (Project Coordinator) for his cordial support, valuable information and guidance, which helped me in completing this task through various stages. I am obliged to staff members of for the valuable information provided by them in their respective fields. I am grateful for their cooperation during the period of my project. Lastly, I thank almighty, my parents, brother, sisters and friends for their constant encouragement without which this project would not be possible.

ABSTRACT
This is a design circuit for door monitor project uses an infrared beam to monitor door & passageways or any other area. The principle operation of this circuit is when the beam is broken a relay is tripped which can be used to sound a bell or alarm. Suitable for detecting customers entering a shop, cars coming up a driveway, etc. The IR beam is very strong. Distances over 25 feet can be monitored. A 12VDC supply is required to power the circuit. A 12V wall adaptor is fine. Provision has been made so that only one power supply needs to be used to power both units. The relay is rated to switch mains voltages. The Waitrony IR LED is driven directly from the output of IC2. Resistor R6 sets the maximum LED current. With a 12VDC supply the current is about 45mA (the LED drops 2V across it when conducting). Lowering the value of R6 will increase the current through the LED thus boosting the signal strength. This may be necessary if the kit is used outside in direct sunlight or if you need very long range. Keep in mind that the maximum current that the 555 can handle is 200mA If the distance to be monitored is less than about 10 yards then you will need to fit the 5mm shrink tubing over the IR LED. This narrows the radiating angle of the IR beam and makes it much more directional. The IR output is strong. It can easily bounce off walls etc to give false readings.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION DOOR MONITOR DOOR AND WINDOW MONITORING SYSTEMS MASTER AND REMOTE DOOR MONITORING STATIONS WIRELESS ALARM SYSTEMS 7-10 11-13 14 15-16 15 17-18 19-21 22-23 24-25 26-28 29-30 31 32-34

OVERVIEW INFRARED APPLICATIONS WIRELESS ACCESS CONTROL DOOR INTERFACE WITH REMOTE CAREGIVER RECEIVER ALERT WITH PLUG-IN CAREGIVER RECEIVER ALERT BATTERY-OPERATED CAREGIVER RECEIVER ALERT INFRARED WIRELESS DOOR MONITORING SYSTEM

WIRELESS SECURITY SYSTEMS WORK ADVANTAGE & DISADVANTAGE 35-37 ADVANTAGES OF WIRELESS SECURITY SYSTEMS DISADVANTAGES OF WIRELESS SECURITY SYSTEMS 35 36 38 39 40

HOW WE TESTED CONCLUSION REFERENCES

LIST OF FIGURES
Fig. No.
FIG. 1.1 FIG. 1.2 FIG. 1.3 FIG. 1.4 FIG. 1.5 FIG. 1.6 FIG. 1.7 FIG. 1.8 FIG. 1.9 FIG. 1.10

Fig. Name
DOOR MONITOR TRANSMITTER BOARD DOOR MONITOR RECEIVER BOARD DOOR MONITOR DOOR MONITOR CIRCUIT DIAGRAM WIRELESS ACCESS CONTROL DOOR INTERFACE WITH REMOTE CAREGIVER RECEIVER ALERT WITH PLUG-IN CAREGIVER RECEIVER ALERT BATTERY-OPERATED CAREGIVER RECEIVER ALERT INFRARED WIRELESS DOOR MONITORING SYSTEM TRANSMITTER BOARD

Page No.
7 9 11 12 24 26 29 31 32 33

INFRARED WIRELESS DOOR MONITOR

Circuit Diagram, Arrangement & Component Data (Rx & Tx)

Fig. 1.1 Infrared Wireless Door Monitor Circuit Diagram The circuit comprises a transmitter unit and a receiver unit, which are mounted face to face on the opposite pillars of the gate such that the IR beam gets interrupted when someone is standing at the gate or passing through it. The transmitter circuit (see Fig. 1) is built around timer NE555 (IC1 ).in this circuit we use ir rx tx pair. we connect ir led with 470 ohm resistor to 9 v power supply.and ir rx ( ir diode) in reverse biase at pin 2 of ic 555 with 100 K variable resistance. In normal condition ir diode receive ir rays from ir led regularly and provide low resistance path for positiv current . and remain pin 2 high. So
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output of ic 555 at pin 3 goes low. But when anybody enter the room he cuts ir rays so ir diode doesnot recive ir rays at this time and provide high resitance path for positiv current so current flow from pin 2 to ground at the result pin 2 goes low and tigger the ic now pin 3 of ic 555 goes high for preset time.this time is adjustable with the change of VR2 and C2. So buzzer gives alarm for preset time at the time of somebody enter. This clock pluse fed to pin 1 of ic cd4033 to display number of persons. This circuit can also be used as a doorbell or burglar alarm

DISPLAY DRIVER CIRCUIT

This display driver circuit shows how a Seven Segment Display is driving with the help of the 5 stage Johnson decade counter IC CD4033.The IC has counter and decoder in one package. It converts the Johnson codes into Seven Segment Decoder output to drive the common cathode display. The display shows the counts in the form of numerical display. The display driver circuit is powered from a 9 volt DC supply and the outputs of IC are connected to the Common Cathode Seven Segment display LT 543. The IC counts continuously up to 9 if the Clock Enable, Strobe and Reset pins are grounded. The cycle repeats till the Reset pin gets a High pulse. The input of CD 4033 is a sensitive Schmitt trigger and readily accepts positive to negative transition pulses to starts the counting. The counter advances and the signals are available at the outputs as decoded signals which can drive the numerical display. CD 4033 can be Cascaded to connect many displays to count 100, 1000 etc. If the Carry Out pin 5 of one IC is connected to the Clock Input pin 1 of the second IC, counter continues and the second IC starts counting when the first IC completes 9 counts. In such a way many ICs can be cascaded.

Display Driver Circuit diagram

Fig. 1.2 Display Driver Circuit Diagram

CD4033 Cascading circuit

Fig. CD4033 Cascading circuit

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Seven Segment Display Common Cathode

Fig. 1.4 Seven Segment Didplay

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Door Monitor
The DM.1 Door Monitor is designed to be used where there are potential problems for maintaining security of doors in buildings, say large retail stores, when there has to be access during the day for safety reasons (fire doors) but security at night. The Door Monitor can cover up to eight doors and works in conjunction with standard intruder security control equipment. When the control panel is inactive the fire doors are monitored so that if a door is disabled a sounder in the unit is activated and an indication is provided. While the control panel is active (that is when the security system is set at night) the monitoring is reversed so that an alarm is generated if any of the doors is opened. A relay is available which may be used in conjunction with the intruder security control equipment to minimise installation costs. All inputs are monitored for open and short circuit faults. If a fault occurs while the building is occupied, the door monitor will report 'door closed'. If the fault happens while the building is unoccupied, it will react as if the door was opened.

Fig. 1.5 Door Monitor

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Specification

Number of circuits: 8 Indicators: Red/Green LEDs Indications: Red - Door Closed Green - Door Open Off - System Set (Building Unoccupied) Line Monitoring: 2 off 2K2 Resistors (provided) Line Reporting: Reports if the line is open or short circuit Relay Output: Single Pole Changeover Relay Operation: Operated if all doors are closed Released if any door is open Operating Voltage: 10 to 15 Volts d.c. Current Consumption: 60mA Tamper Protection: Micro switch (contacts normally closed) Size: 150mm x 900mm x 60mm (approximately)

Fig. 1.6 Door Monitor Circuit Diagram

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This circuit was produced to monitor the movement of an old dog which at times during the night must be let outside. A door monitor set low off the ground would have sufficed but it needed to discriminate against cats as well. The first 555 pulses the infrared LED at 38kHz and the light output reflects off a car or truck reflector to be picked up by the infrared detector IC. When it picks up infrared, its output goes low to turn on the visible LED via the BC558 transistor. This LED serves both as a power on indicator and is used to set up the reflector. The height of the transmitter and receiver (optically isolated but in the same box) was set a little below the shoulder height of the dog. To prevent false alarms from cats' tails occurring, an RC time delay was included, comprising the 1M resistor and 47F capacitor at pin 3 of the LM311 comparator. This comparator goes low to provide a clean trigger signal to the second 555 timer, which operates as a monostable to drive a flashing LED and/or a piezo buzzer for 10 seconds.

Door and Window Monitoring Systems

Door Monitoring Systems for Outpatient Medical Centers and Senior Living Facilities The Series 1000 Door Monitor System from Cornell Communications offers a unique combination of high quality construction and a wide range of customizable options. Down to the last components, the Door Monitor Series 1000 from Cornell Communications has been built for consistently dependable performance in any situation and applications. We use only solid-state door monitor panels fabricated with anodized aluminum faceplates and long lasting LED bulbs. The Cornell Communications Door Monitoring system provides senior and assisted living facilities with a wealth of unique options and custom features capable of integrating with your emergency communication systems, which means your Series 1000 Door Monitoring system is sure to deliver trouble-free performance, year after year.

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Unique Door Monitoring System Settings and Options The Series 1000 Door Monitoring System offers our customers a full range of options to help you design the right system for every application. Consider how a typical nursing home makes full use of the Series 1000: The master panel controls and monitors each door in the system constantly--including exterior, stairwell, and individual room doors. During the day, the main entrance is left open and disarmed, as are the doors to individual patients rooms - a status signified by steady green LEDs. Should any entrances or exits be opened by an unauthorized individual, emergency notification light begins flashing and an intermittent tone sounds at all master and remote panels. Should a second door be opened before the first is investigated, an overriding tone sounds (Naturally, these tones can be muted or silenced for noise-free applications). Changing the status of a particular door is as simple as touching the right zone switch on the master panel for this installation. However, it can be as complex as requiring the insertion of a key at this panel, or at a remote station. The configuration you specify will depend upon the number of functions required in a given application.

Master and Remote Door Monitoring Stations

Remote control and monitoring panels are available for the Series 1000. For remote control applications, your door monitoring system function may be complementary to the main panels, or easily transferred to assume exclusive control of all doors in the system. The Cornell Communications Door Monitoring Series 1000 System offers you a wide range of expansion and integration options. So its a cost-effective solution for applications involving as few as two or three doors up to systems involving hundreds of doors.

Wireless Alarm Systems? Wireless alarm systems are battery-powered security systems designed to alert occupants of a building to certain kinds of danger, like a burglar breaking into a home at night or a fire starting in an office building.

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Typically, wireless alarm systems communicate triggering conditions to building occupants using wireless signals, such as line carrier, infrared, or radio waves, which are transmitted on a special frequency. A wireless security system can protect users from more than just an authorized intruder. Many systems are also equipped with smoke and gas detectors, motion sensors, water detectors, and low temperature detectors. When a wireless alarm system is set up, wireless sensors are typically put throughout a home or commercial building. Doors and windows are commonly equipped with these sensors. A control panel, which houses a circuit box and a standby power source, is also installed. When a sensor is engaged, it signals the control panel. Depending on how it is set up, the control panel then usually emits a loud noise or contacts the police or fire department. Wireless alarm systems are common in both home and work environments. Home security systems are typically used to prevent triggering events from occurring in a private residence while commercial security systems are usually designed to keep a company secure. Depending on how the security system is structured, it can notify building occupants of an intrusion, a flood, a fire, or other dangers. Some of these security systems include wireless door alarms, which use wireless technology to set off alarms when doors are opened. Wireless digital security systems are distinct from wired security systems. Wired security systems use wires in order to signal the occurrence of a break-in, the presence of smoke, a water leak, or other triggering event. Wired security systems generally require electrical power to operate. They are often more expensive to install because the wires need to be routed through the buildings walls. Advantages and disadvantages exist to using wireless alarm systems, and potential users should carefully weigh the pros and cons before purchasing a system. In general, wireless alarm systems are easier to install and cheaper than wired systems. Since they are battery-powered, wireless systems can work even if a power fault occurs.

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One of the drawbacks to using wireless alarm systems is upkeep. Unlike wired systems, wireless alarm systems operate off of battery power. As a result, they require regular monitoring to ensure batteries are not running low. If portions of a building are out of the control station's range, wireless systems may also leave some areas of a building unsecured. Some companies and families use security systems that combine both wireless and wired security systems, allowing them to maximize the benefits of both systems.

Overview
Wireless home alarms are designed to work on independent power sources, rather than the electrical grid which powers the rest of your home. They are often cheaper and easier to install than wired systems, which must run electrical wiring through your walls or along your floorboards to a centralized control panel. They are also more readily portable, which means you can detach them and move them to a new home without a great deal of fuss. Wireless Door Alarms

Wireless door alarms are often based on a "closed circuit" system, which means that electricity is flowing through it constantly. When the door or window is opened, the flow of electricity stops and an alarm goes off. This is achieved through a two-part system. The first part typically consists of a magnetic strip screwed into the door of the window itself. The second part is the trigger and alarm system, which is screwed into the door or window frame and lines up with the magnet. The magnet holds a spring or a switch in place on the trigger mechanism: when the magnet moves, the spring or switch cuts off the electrical flow from the battery. Wireless Motion Detectors

Motion detectors are often very small these days, and can cover an entire room or yard area with little effort. (Modified versions are used in most shops and grocery stores these days: they automatically open the door when you approach.) They utilize microwave signals which bounce off of objects in the area and return to the sensor. When someone steps into the area, those signals bounce off of the person and come back to the sensor faster (i.e., at a different frequency). That's enough to activate the switch and throw the alarm.

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Passive Infrared Sensors

Passive infrared (or PIR) motion detectors operate on similar principles to microwave motion detectors. Instead of bouncing radar signals off of objects in the area, they monitor the ambient heat and the infrared energy which it entails. When a warm body of sufficient size moves into the area, the amount of IR energy spikes, which is enough to activate the alarm. Light Beams

Light beams are very simple wireless alarms which work best on stairways or halls. A beam emitter is placed on one side which projects an invisible laser light across the passage. A trigger mechanism catches the beam on the other side. As long as the beam is unbroken, the current keeps flowing and the alarm stays silent. When someone breaks the beam, the current is shut off and the buzzer activates. Light beams work best when they are placed at about waist height, which allows pets to pass under them without triggering a false alarm. Features

All types of wireless alarm are designed to be portable, with a fully-self contained mechanism that runs on household batteries such as D-cells or 9V. They can be installed using simple screwdrivers or drywall anchors, and turned on and off with just the flick of a switch. Most electronics stores sell them very inexpensively, allowing an entire house to be fitted for comparatively little cost. The downside is that they simply emit a loud noise, which can wake the household and hopefully send burglars packing, but do not call the police or emergency services. (Some of the most sophisticated modules can be plugged into the phone jack and play a prerecorded message for 911, but most do not.) That means the homeowner should develop a plan for reacting to a wireless home alarm, and be prepared to take additional steps when it goes off. Make sure everyone in the household knows what to do in the event of a break in and have a central gathering place outside the house where everyone should go. Tell your neighbors about the wireless alarms and ask them to call the police if they hear it go off when you aren't home. Finally, because they run on batteries, wireless alarms should be checked regularly: replace their power source at intervals dictated on their packaging (usually every six months or so).

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Infrared
Infrared (IR) light is a wavelength of energy that is invisible to the human eye. The most common source of this energy is heat; objects can have their relative temperatures measured by how much of this energy they give off. Lower wavelengths or "near infrared" closest to the visible light color red are not hot, and are often used to transmit data in electronics. A remote control, for example, may use a particular wavelength of near infrared to communicate with a receiver, sending pulses of light that transmit a signal to the device, telling it what to do. Description and Measurement A form of energy, IR is part of the electromagnetic spectrum. This spectrum is comprised of radio waves; microwaves; infrared, visible, and ultraviolet light; x-rays; and gamma rays. Each form of energy is ordered by wavelength; infrared falls between microwaves and visible light waves because its waves are shorter than microwaves but longer than those of visible light. The prefix infra comes from the Latin word which means "below;" the term means "below red," indicating its position in the electromagnetic spectrum. Visible light has a range of wavelengths that are manifested in the seven colors of the rainbow; red has the longest wavelength and violet has the shortest. Infrared, with wavelengths longer than the color red, is invisible to the human eye. Just like with visible light, there are a range of wavelengths of IR. The International Commission on Illumination has divided it into three general sections based on the length of the wave and density. These groups are commonly known as near, medium, and far infrared, with near infrared being nearest to the visible light side of the spectrum and far, or long-wave, being close to the microwave zone. There are uses for IR wavelengths in each group, from wireless communication to acting as heat source.

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What is Infrared Infrared is light comprised of electromagnetic energy. Infrared waves are shorter than a microwave but longer than visible light rays. Infrared is invisible to the human eye. The human body naturally receives and gives off infrared light. Objects that aren't hot enough to produce visible light release infrared energy. This explains why many household devices like your TV remote control, thermometers and cameras use infrared. Infrared Light and Your TV The "brain" or processor in your remote control detects that you have pressed a button. The processor knows which button you've pressed. Now that the remote knows what you want it to do, it sends a string of messages in binary code to the processing unit. These messages are sent via your Infrared light emitting diode in your remote control. The signal is transmitted to a receiver in your TV. Your TV performs the command you gave it. Heat and Infrared Infrared energy is used in manufacturing during the heating process. Some people have infrared heat systems in their house. The jury is still out as to whether infrared heat is a good form of energy conservation. In theory, it seems to be. Since infrared can detect energy, an infrared heating system can apply heat where it is most needed. For example, If you aren't in the living room, there's no need for a great deal of heat to be used there. IR wireless is the use of wireless technology in devices or systems that convey data through infrared (IR) radiation. Infrared is electromagnetic energy at a wavelength or wavelengths somewhat longer than those of red light. The shortest-wavelength IR borders visible red in the electromagnetic radiation spectrum; the longest-wavelength IR borders radio waves.

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Some engineers consider IR technology to be a sub-specialty of optical technology. The hardware is similar, and the two forms of energy behave in much the same way. But strictly speaking, "optical" refers to visible electromagnetic radiation, while "infrared" is invisible to the unaided eye. To compound the confusion, IR is sometimes called "infrared light." IR wireless is used for short- and medium-range communications and control. Some systems operate in line-of-sight mode; this means that there must be a visually unobstructed straight line through space between the transmitter (source) and receiver (destination). Other systems operate in diffuse mode, also called scatter mode. This type of system can function when the source and destination are not directly visible to each other. An example is a television remote-control box. The box does not have to be pointed directly at the set, although the box must be in the same room as the set, or just outside the room with the door open. IR wireless technology is used in intrusion detectors; home-entertainment control units; robot control systems; medium-range, line-of-sight laser communications; cordless microphones, headsets, modems, and printers and other peripherals. Unlike radio-frequency (RF) wireless links, IR wireless cannot pass-through walls. Therefore, IR communications or control is generally not possible between different rooms in a house or between different houses in a neighborhood (unless they have facing windows). This might seem like a disadvantage, but IR wireless is more private than RF wireless. Some IR wireless schemes offer a level of security comparable to that of hard-wired systems. It is difficult, for example, to

eavesdrop on a well-engineered, line-of-sight, IR laser communications link.

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Applications
Nearly all objects emit heat or energy, and one of the most easily discernible forms of energy is infrared. When an object is not hot enough to give off visible light, it emits most of its energy in the IR spectrum. It is this heat that affords IR many applications in almost every sector of life, including health, science, industry, art, and entertainment. Converting infrared energy, also known as radiant heat, into an image that the human eye can see and understand is done with a process called thermal imaging. An IR camera is used to accurately measure the temperature of an object, which is then translated into color. For example, infrared imaging typically shows the warmest areas in a human body as red, followed by yellow, green, blue, and violet as the temperature decreases. By studying how body heat is distributed, thermal imaging cans health professionals to analyze body tissue and fluid to detect injury or disease. Infrared light is used in night vision equipment, allowing the user to see in the dark. Two types of night vision both use IR: thermal and image-intensifying. Thermal night vision allows the user to recognize people and objects by the heat pattern they emit. Intensifiers amplify existing light including infrared to allow the user to see. As a way to measure temperature, IR is used in many different types of applications. The military uses infrared sensors to locate and track targets or to detect hidden land mines or arms caches. Sensors on satellites are used for environmental monitoring, pinpointing areas of pollution, fire, or deforestation. Search and rescue operations use IR extensively to locate missing persons lost in the forest or jungle, as well as in collapsed buildings or at the site of other disasters. Many remote control devices in homes use infrared. These remotes use this type of light to carry signals between a remote control transmitter and the device it's commanding. The transmitter sends out light in pulses, which are translated into binary codes that have corresponding commands. The receiver is positioned on the front of the device, where it receives these pulses of light and decodes them into binary data, which is understood by the microprocessor inside the apparatus. Many different types of scientists use infrared in their work, from astronomers use it to learn more about galaxies light years away to archaeologists who use it when studying ancient settlements.
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Infrared is being used to preserve, restore, and conserve valuable historical and artistic works as well; the invisible details of ancient fragments and images painted under paintings are being brought to light through the use of IR technology. In industry, thermal imaging is invaluable in testing and monitoring mechanical systems.

IR wireless (infrared wireless) Definition: Infrared technology allows computing devices to communicate via short-range wireless signals. With infrared, computers can transfer files and other digital data bidirectionally. The infrared transmission technology used in computers is similar to that used in consumer product remote control units. Installation and Usage - Computer infrared network adapters both transmit and receive data through ports on the rear or side of a device. Infrared adapters are installed in many laptops and handheld personal devices. In Microsoft Windows, infrared connections can be created through the same method as other local area network connections. Infrared networks were designed to suppport direct two-computer connections only, created temporarily as the need arises. However, extensions to infrared technology also support more than two computers and semi-permanent networks. Range - Infrared communications span very short distances. Place two infrared devices within a few feet (no more than 5 meters) of each other when networking them. Unlike Wi-Fi and Bluetooth technologies, infrared network signals cannot penetrate walls or other obstructions and work only in the direct "line of sight."

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WIRELESS ACCESS CONTROL DOOR INTERFACE

The MD-W11 is a quick and cost effective solution for remote door devices, such as readers, locks and REX Buttons, or connection to access controllers. The units utilize bi-directional RF data communication to relay reader messages, card data and PIN code in various formats, lock and door relay commands, tamper, door monitor and REX messages, between the controller and the interface unit, all in secured and encrypted communications. The interface is based on two units per door, one located near the controller and the other near t

Fig. 1.7 WIRELESS ACCESS CONTROL DOOR INTERFACE

Available models: MD-W11FHR Far unit on 868MHz band Wireless Access Control Interface Power Backup Unit MD-W11NHR Near unit on 868MHz band MD-W11FGR Far unit on 433MHz band MD-W11NGR Near unit on 433MHz band MD-W11 Wireless Access Control Door Interface Near Unit/Far Unit

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Major Features Maximum range of 70 meters (230 ft) indoors, up to 200 meters (650 ft) outdoors. Depending on RF related environmental conditions Overall response time of 500 ms when used with Rosslares AC-225 controller and readers. Response time depends on RF link quality, the number of doors used and the controller and readers response time Built-in charger for up to 7Ah backup battery on the Remote unit Compatible with all of Roeselares readers and with any third party units using standard Wigand format of PIN code and credentials Separate sets of terminals for door and controller connections Case and wall tamper protection. Tamper events from either Near or Remote sides are reported using a Tamper output on the Near unit

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Wireless Door Monitors with Remote Caregiver Receiver Alert

What You Need to Know Wireless electronic door monitors, some originally intended for home security use, may be helpful when a person you care for begins to leave home alone, raising the risk of wandering and getting lost. A door monitor is one way of providing a remote caregiver alert that an outside door has been opened. The remote unit may be either battery operated (for portability) or designed to plug into an electrical outlet. This overview of door monitors is followed by Expert Reviews of two different products (see below). How it Works These monitors consist of 2 units: 1. The transmitter, mounted on the door and door frame with double-sided tape or screws (included with the products we tested). You need to make sure the door monitor transmitter and its side magnet are placed correctly (no more than 1/4 inch apart and properly lined up) or the product will not work.

Transmitter

Remote Caregiver Receiver Alert

Fig. 1.8 Wireless Door Monitors with Remote Caregiver Receiver Alert

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2. The remote receiver, which provides an alert to the caregiver; this is plugged into a chosen location or carried with you, depending on the model. When a monitored door is opened, the transmitter sends a signal to the receiver which provides an alert. Click here to view animation. You can purchase extra door transmitters for areas of the home that may also need monitoring, like the basement stairs and the front and back doors. You can also use these monitors on a refrigerator door, medicine cabinet, or kitchen cabinet door. Main differences among the models:

Volume control and type of alert

o o o

Chime Alarm Vibration

Transmission range from the door to your receiver (75 to 150 feet) How the alert is turned off (automatically or manually at the door) Plug-in or portable (battery-operated) receiver for caregiver alerts.

Benefits An alert may allow you to get to the persons side in time to accompany them outside or redirect the person from leaving home to another activity. Drawbacks 1. The transmission range (between the door and the receiver) may be lower than stated by the manufacturer, depending on o Wall thickness o Other environmental interferences Safety Wise! Be sure to test the limits before depending on the device. 2. The alerts take one or two seconds to sound after the door has opened, depending on: o The model o The type of alert chosen.

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If the person is in a rush to get out the door, this type of alert may not give you enough advance notice. 3. There are no low battery warnings on the door transmitter part and the batteries may need to be changed every few months, depending on use (see manufacturers instructions). Youll need to check often to make sure the unit is working and not rely solely on this device to keep a person from wandering (or other unsafe activities). GENERAL CAUTIONS You may need to be at the persons side before theyve opened the door. You may want to use this product along others, e.g., high and/or low sliding locks or a standard chain lock installed high or low. A chain lock may give you more time to get to the door, as the alert will sound when the door is partially opened, but the chain lock must be removed before they can exit.

These systems are not fail-proof and may not always work (even with charged batteries), so use multiple strategies when trying to prevent falls or wandering. See our section on Wandering for more ideas. Below youll find two door monitors that weve tested along with specific Pros and Cons for each product. We only tested products that offer a remote alert option, as alerts that only sound at the door can be upsetting to individuals with dementia. You can also use motion sensors near the door to monitor the activity of the person you care for. See our reviews of motion sensors for use at the door, with either Portable Receivers or Voice Alerts.

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Wireless Door Monitor - with Plug-In Caregiver Receiver Alert

Fig. 1.9 Wireless Door Monitor - with Plug-In Caregiver Receiver Alert DESCRIPTION This wireless door monitor system comes with a battery-operated door transmitter and a plug-in caregiver receiver for alerts (plugs into a standard wall outlet). The manufacturer claims that transmission range is 150 feet. Battery is included and already installed in the transmitter. PROS - Product Specific Pleasant Chime. When set on CHIME and a monitored door is opened, the tone or melody youve chosen sounds for one to five seconds and then automatically shuts off. (There is also an alarm sound setting.) Caregiver alert volume control - low and high (though the switch is not labeled on the alert device). Volume for chime and alarm provides comfortable (not deafening) tones.

You can purchase additional units (door transmitter or remote caregiver receiver) if you want additional coverage.

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DISCLAIMER The listing of these products is for informational purposes and individuals must use their own caution and judgment when using these resources. Functional levels and changes in judgment and reasoning are highly variable in people with dementia. Interventions must be individualized and continually assessed because those that are effective for some individuals may only work briefly and may not work at all for others. When set on Alarm, there is a two second delay for the alarm to sound, which may not be enough advance notice. When set on the ALARM tone and a monitored door is opened, the remote caregiver receiver sounds an alarm for four minutes or it must be manually turned off at the door transmitter by switching the setting to the Chime position. Then you must switch it back to the alarm setting to continue using the alarm setting, as there is no on/off setting. You may need several caregiver alerts in different locations to hear the alert, depending on the size of your home. The plug-in caregiver receiver is for indoor use only. You cant take it into the garden, for example. (Depending on environmental conditions, a battery- operated device may work outdoors.)

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Wireless Door Monitor with Battery-Operated Caregiver Receiver Alert

Wireless Door Monitor

Battery-Operated Caregiver Receiver

Fig. 1.10 Wireless Door Monitor with Battery-Operated Caregiver Receiver Alert DESCRIPTION This wireless door monitor system comes with a battery-operated door transmitter and a batteryoperated caregiver receiver that clips onto a belt or waistband. The manufacturer claims that the transmission range is up to 100 feet. The alarm sounds for as long as the door is open and then automatically turns off. You can have up to three door monitors using one remote caregiver receiver in the same house, but the components are not sold separately; the monitor and the receiver are only sold as a package. Its portable - you can take the caregiver receiver with you throughout the house, and even outdoors, as long as you stay within the 100-foot transmission range. Test to make sure you can get the signal, as transmission ranges vary depending on environmental conditions. DISCLAIMER The listing of these products is for informational purposes and individuals must use their own caution and judgment when using these resources. Functional levels and changes in judgment and reasoning are highly variable in people with dementia. Interventions must be individualized and continually assessed because those that are effective for some individuals may only work briefly and may not work at all for others.
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Infrared Wireless Door Monitoring System

Introduction

Fig. 1.11 Infrared Wireless Door Monitoring System We design and implement the basic infrared system This system can be used in many areas such as: Door entrance monitoring Guest/visitor monitoring Home security Infrared techniques are widely used in many areas. It has a wavelength of approximately between 750nm and 1mm. System Description The infrared systems contains two parts-transmitter part and receiver part. The transmitter part uses an IR led to radiates the infrared signal. The receiver part uses an IR receiver module to receive the signal. The IR led (Light Emitting Diode) is an infrared led which can produces an infrared wave between 750nm to 950nm. The IR receiver module is an receiving device which can detect an infrared light and produce an inputs to the receiver.

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Overview when the beam is on The transmitter part will generate a modulated signal to the IR (Infrared) led through which it can radiates an infrared signal to the receiver. The receiver will recognize the radiated signal by the IR (Infrared) receiver module and make an alternative square wave voltage (0 and +5V) as the input of the receiver circuit. This will make the whole circuit works and the LED will be on which means the signal between them is connected well. Overview when the beam is off When the IR (Infrared) beam between the transmitter and the receiver is broken, the IR (Infrared) receiver module will recognize there is no more infrared signal and it will produce a constant high voltage (+5V) as the input of the receiver circuit. This will shut down the whole circuit and the LED will be off which indicates that the beam between the transmitter and the receiver is being blocked. Transmitter Board

Fig. 1.12 Transmitter Board

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DISCLAIMER The listing of these products is for informational purposes and individuals must use their own caution and judgment when using these resources. Functional levels and changes in judgment and reasoning are highly variable in people with dementia. Interventions must be individualized and continually assessed because those that are effective for some individuals may only work briefly and may not work at all for others. Product Selection Criteria Our goal is to teach you how to be a good consumer and to help you learn about specific products and unique product features that may enhance your safety and the safety and function of the person with dementia. The products shown in This Caring Home serve as examples only. Manufacturers continually change product specifications and the products represented may be different from those now on the market. We realize this is not an all-inclusive list. Products featured in This Caring Home were chosen for one or more of the following reasons:

Affordability Attractiveness Availability Color selection Ease of use Quality Safety

We encourage you to discuss product selection with other caregivers and health care professionals.

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Wireless Security Systems Work Advantage & Disadvantage

A wireless security system operates by networking the monitoring devices so that they transmit information back to the receiver, control panel or other receiving device. Depending on the devices that are included in your system, you may have to choose your placement carefully. The devices used in a wireless security system usually have a range of effectiveness, in which they are able to easily transmit information back to the receiver. For example, your security system may have a wireless door sensor that activates when a door is opened. However, in order for the signal to be able to transmit from the door sensor to the monitoring device, it needs to be placed within a range radius. This allows the signal to be accurately received and converted by the monitoring device into an alert in the system. If the wireless door sensor is placed outside of this range, it may not be able to effectively transmit a signal back to the monitoring device.

Advantages of Wireless Security Systems

Wireless security systems are rapidly increasing in popularity, due to the many advantages they have over traditional wired security systems. Some of the advantages of wireless security systems are: Easy Installation. Since a wireless security system does not require the use of long extension wires, behind-wall wire installation, or other procedures, it is fairly easy to install. Even if you do not have any technical experience, it is still possible to install most wireless security systems without assistance. Many wired security systems need to be installed by trained experts, which may sometimes result in an additional installation fee. Versatility. With a wireless security system, you are not restricted to place the devices of your system within the range of their wires. This means that you have more freedom to place your devices in a way where they will be most effective in monitoring your home.

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Portability. After installing a wireless security system, you have the ability to easily take that system with you when you move. With a wired security system, it can be very difficult to reinstall the system in a new home, especially if you need to pay the installation fee again. Wireless security systems are highly portable, and can be moved to a new residence with fairly little difficulty.

Disadvantages of Wireless Security Systems

Like with any electronic device, a wireless security system does come with a few disadvantages over wired security systems. Here are the most important disadvantages that you need to be familiar with. Expense. Wireless security systems tend to be a bit more expensive (for the cost of the system components) than wired security systems. This is mainly because each device in your system needs to have the ability to transmit wireless signals back to the receiving device. Reliability. Due to the range of effectiveness of a wireless systems signal, devices that are placed near the edge or outside of this range may not be able to easily transmit back to the receiving device. This can result in the wireless devices not being able to function properly to effectively monitor your homes security. Installing a Wireless Security System Installing a wireless security system on your own is a fairly straightforward process, as long as you are familiar with your system and its devices. Here are some quick tips for proper wireless home security system installation. Choose Your System. Before beginning installation, its best if you first choose a system package that will fit the security needs of your home. Many home security companies have customizable wireless security packages, which can be modified to suit your preference.
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Plan Your Placement. With wireless security systems, placement of your devices is essential. Each device has a specific distance range, which designates how far it can be placed from the control panel or receiving device. Its best to choose the placement of your receiving device based on its proximity to where you need to place your monitoring devices. Use the Proper Tools. If you purchase a wireless security package from a home security company, you may only need a minimal amount of tools to correctly install the system and devices. However, if you are designing your own wireless security system, you may need to make modifications, which will require the use of different tools. Landline vs. Cell Monitoring In past years, landline monitoring was the only option for a security system to monitor a home. Today, there are more options, which can be used with your wireless security system. Landline Monitoring Landline monitoring is the traditional method that some security systems use to monitor the security of your home. This method requires the system to be plugged in to a landline phone line, so that it can transmit an emergency signal to the monitoring company that is in charge of your system. CellGuard Monitoring Since many people today use cell phones as a semi-exclusive form of voice communication, more people are choosing not to install a landline telephone in their home. However, many wireless security systems are now designed to use an internet connection to monitor a home. If an emergency is detected, the control panel or receiving device will send a signal through the internet connection in order to alert of an emergency.

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How We Tested
ThisCaringHome.org tested many products that are commonly recommended for best practices to identify the best use of these products and any potential problems in their use by caregivers and individuals with dementia. Each product included in an Expert Review was tested in a home environment, either an apartment or a single family home (or both), by at least two people. Rosemary Bakker, interior designer, gerontologist and dementia specialist, was one of the testers for every product. Whenever possible, we tested the product over time, sometimes days, weeks, or months, for:

Ease of use Reliability Potential safety issues

As a result of our testing, we're listing the pros and cons for using these products and including safety precautions for various products. These products were not tested by persons with dementia. We hope in the future to do case studies to learn more about what works and what doesn't work in a larger variety of caregiving situations and home environments."

Products listed on our website but not tested by ThisCaringHome.org are referred to as "Product Listings". Further Improvement for our circuit Add a counter to the relay to counts the number of people entering the shop or the number of cars entering the entrance. Change the values of capacitors or the input voltage to make the discharging time shorter or longer depends on what we need.

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Conclusion
We have successfully implemented the circuits in the multisim as well as the hands work. The simulation meets the theoretical results and also it meets the results implemented from the hands work. The design can be used for commercial purpose. Infrared Wireless Door Monitor systems provide a useful complement to radio-based systems, particularly for systems requiring low cost, light weight, moderate data rates, and only requiring short ranges. When LOS paths can be assured, range can be dramatically improved to provide longer links. Short-range wireless networks are poised for tremendous market growth in the next decade, and wireless infrared communications systems will com- pete in a number of arenas. Infrared systems have al- ready proven their activeness for short-range tem- porary communications and in high data rate longer range point-to-point systems. It remains an open question whether infrared will successfully compete in the market for general-purpose indoor wireless access.

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References
www.google.com www.wikipedia.org bteclub.com/index.php/.../80-infra-red-wireless-door-monitor.html www.stanleyhealthcare.com/files/pdf/UMPinfraredMonitor.pdf engprojectss.blogspot.com/.../infrared-wireless-door-monitor-project... seminarprojects.com/s/infrared-wireless-door-monitor

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