vitamins

By: Abubakr S. Sargaty

1

INTRODUCTION
Vitamins are identified by H.G.Hopkins and named by Funk
FUNK

These are micro nutrients required for good health.

HEALTHY PERSON

CLASSIFICATION OF VITAMINS
Vitamins may be : Water soluble like Vitamin B. complex and Vitamin C fat soluble like Vitamins A,D,E and K

VITAMIN-B1(THIAMIN)
It helps in carbohydrate metabolism and enzyme action. It is available in vegetables, eggs and fishes etc. Its deficiency causes the disease Beriberi.
VEGETABLES EGGS

BERI BERI

FISHES

VITAMIN B2(Riboflavin)

It is essential for Redox reactions in the body.

It is available in liver, kidney and leafy vegetables etc. Its deficiency results in the disease Glossitis.

KIDNEYS

LEAFY VEGETABLES

GLOSSITIS

VITAMIN B3(Niacin)
Essential for Carbohydrate, Protein and fat metabolism. It is present in flesh, pulses and ground nut etc. Its deficiency leads to the disease Pellagra.
Flesh from a HEN

PULSES

PELLAGRA

VITAMIN B6 (Pyridoxine)
It is essential for amino acid metabolism.
It is available in yolk of eggs, fishes and vegetables. Its deficiency results in anxiety, anaemia and fits in children.

EGG

FISH

VEGETABLES

FOLIC ACID
Essential for nucleic acid metabolism.
It is available in eggs and grains like maize.

EGGS

GRAINS

Its deficiency results in the disease like diarrhea, leucolysis and hampers cell division.
maize

VITAMINE B12 (Cyanocobalamine)

It is essential for nucleic acid metabolism and protein synthesis.

It is synthesized by E.Coli bacteria in our intestine. Its deficiency results in pernicious anaemia.

E. COLI

BIOTIN
Essential for protein
metabolism. We can get it from pulses, vegetables liver and kidneys.
Its deficiency results in fatigue, nerve diseases.
LIVER

PULSES

BRINJALS

KIDNEYS

PANTATHENIC ACID
It is essential for the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins and fats.
It is present in fresh vegetables, nonvegetable dishes and yeast bacteria. Its deficiency results in the disease of burning feet.

VEGETABLES

YEAST

FISHES

PRAWNS

VITAMIN C ( Ascorbic acid)

It is essential for redox reactions and collagen formation. Germinating seeds, tomatoes, citrus fruits and guava are its rich sources. Its deficiency results in the disease of Scurvy.
CITRUS AMLA

GUAVA

SCURVY

TOMATOES

VITAMIN A (Retinal)
It is essential for normal vision.
It is present in vegetables like Its deficiency causes night blinded ness, xerophthalmia and dry skin.
CARROT ASPARAGUS LEAVES

NIN provides vitamin A doses for children.

CHILD TAKING THE DOSE OF VITAMIN A

VITAMIN D (Calciferal)
It is essential for calcium

and phosphorus absorption and bone formation.

It is available in fish,
egg yolk Its deficiency results in the diseases like rickets, bow legs and knock knee.
BOW LEGS EGG YOLK

FISH

KNOCK-KNEE

VITAMIN E (Tocoferal)
It is essential for normal function of reproductive system.
FRUITS SUN FLOWER

It is available in germinating seeds, egg yolk, and sunflower oil etc. Its deficiency results in male sterility, abortion in females and also reduces the life span of RBC.

GERMINATING SEEDS

EGGS

VITAMIN K (Phylloquinone)

It is essential for blood clotting.

MILK

It is available in milk, and leafy vegetables.

Its deficiency results in over blood flow from wounds or cuts.

LEAFY VEGETABLE

OVER BLOOD FLOW FOR VITAMIN A

DEFICIENCY

Many Used Fruits & Vegetables in our daily life

Thank you