Glossary

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GE Energy Services
Glossary of Terms & Acronyms
Document Number : Version : Revision : Date : Classification :
Global Glossary 1.30 4 19-Apr-2002 General, Full Release
GE Energy Services
NOTICE OF COPYRIGHT & PROPRIETARY RIGHTS
2002, General Electric Canada Inc. All rights reserved. The contents of this manual are the property of General Electric Canada Inc. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, except as permitted in written license agreement with General Electric Canada Inc. General Electric Canada Inc. has made every reasonable attempt to ensure the completeness and accuracy of this document. However, the information contained in this manual is subject to change without notice, and does not represent a commitment on the part of General Electric Canada Inc. Any attached hardware schematics and technical descriptions, or software listings that disclose source code, are for information purposes only. Reproduction in whole or in part to create working hardware or software for other than General Electric Canada Inc. products is strictly prohibited, except as permitted by written license agreement with General Electric Canada Inc.
TRADEMARK NOTICES
WESDAC is a registered trademark of General Electric Company, General Electric Canada Inc. and/or GE Harris Energy Control Systems Canada, Inc. All other brand and product names mentioned in this document are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies.
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Table of Contents
About This Document Section 1: Glossary of Acronyms and Abbreviations ..........................................................................1 Section 2: Glossary of Terms .............................................................................................................13
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About This Document

Overview
In this Glossary
This document is divided into two sections: Section 1: Glossary of Acronyms and Abbreviations, and Section 2: Glossary of Terms
What this document provides
Not Complete or in Error?
Section 1 provides meanings for many of the abbreviations and acronyms that may be encountered when using any GE Energy Services documentation. Note that some of the abbreviations and acronyms will be further explained and expanded in Section 2. Section 2 can be used as a dictionary of terms of specific use to those working in our industry, or to further clarify terms found in GE Energy Services documents.
If you think of any term, abbreviation or acronym that you feel should be included in this document, or if you think that you have discovered an error, please contact one of the GE Energy Services D&S Documentation Team.
GE Energy Services
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GE Energy Services
Section 1: Glossary of Acronyms and Abbreviations K

An asterisk (*) in the description column indicates a GE Energy Services-specific acronym or abbreviation
Description
Note
Acronym/Abbreviation
A
A/D Conversion ACK ACSE ADLC AGC AIF AM ANSI APDU AR ARQ ARP AS ASCII ASO ATM AUI AWG Analog to Digital Conversion Acknowledge(ment) Associated Consultants and Software Engineers Asynchronous Data Link Control Automatic Gain Control Analog Interface Amplitude Modulation American National Standards Institute Application Protocol Data Unit Auto-Restoration Automatic Repeat ReQuest Address Resolution Protocol Auto-Sectionalization American Standard Code for Information Interchange Automated Systems Operations Asynchronous Transfer Mode Attachment Unit Interface American Wire Gauge
B
BCD BCH BERT BNC Binary Coded Decimal Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem Bit Error Rate Test Bayonet Neill-Concelman (connector used with coaxial cable invented by Mr. Neill-Concelman)
GE Energy Services
Description
BootP BootROM bps BRI
Bootstrap Protocol A Read Only Memory chip containing software necessary to Boot (get up and running) a processor system Bits Per Second Basic Rate Interface
C
C&I CAIDI CASM CBEMA CCAPI CCC CCITT CCU CD CEA CISPR CLNP CLNS CLPP CLS CLSP CLTP CMIP CMISE CMOS CO Control and Indication Centro de Avaliao e Integrao de Dados Institucionais Common Application Services Model Computer Business Electronics Manufactures Association Control Center Application Programming Interface Common Class Component Consultative Committee of International Telegraphy and Telephony Central Communications Unit 1. Carrier Detect 2. Collision Detection Consumer Electronics Association International Special Committee On Radio Interference, a subcommittee of the IEC Connectionless Network Protocol Connectionless Network Service Connectionless Presentation Protocol Connectionless Connectionless Session Protocol Connectionless Transport Protocol Common Management Information Protocol Common Management Information Service Element Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor 1. Complex Object 2. Connection-Oriented 3. Central Office
GE Energy Services
Description
CODEC COMTRADE COS CPM
COder/DECoder. A device to encode/decode analog audio signals to/from digital Common Format for Transient Data Exchange Change of State * Communication Processor Module. A protocol translator and front end processor that can be used as a gateway for communications between IEDs and other SCADA system levels. Cyclic Redundancy Check 1. Canadian Standards Association 2. Canadian Safety Association Carrier Sense Multiple Access / Collision Detection Client-Server Object Model Channel Service Unit Current Transformer Clear To Send
CRC CSA CSMA/CD CSOM CSU CT CTS
D
D.20 * The HDLC protocol based link that acts as a communication interface between a D20/200 RTUs main processor(s) and its peripherals. Data Access Arrangement An analog interface device between a PSTN and a CODEC Digital to Analog Converter * Distributed Automation Remote Terminal. A pole-top RTU product by GE Energy Services. Data Access Unit Data Base Decibel Data Base Manager * Data Collection Application Data Carrier Detect Data Communications Equipment Distributed Control System Dual Digital Signal Processor Digital Fault Recorder
DAA DAC DART DAU DB dB DBMR DCA DCD DCE DCS DDSP DFR
GE Energy Services
Description
DNA DNP DNS DOC DPA DSP DSU DTA DTE DTR DTS DXF
Dynamic Network Announcement Distributed Network Protocol Domain Naming System Data Object Component * Data Processing Application Digital Signal Processor Data Service Unit * Data Translation Application * Data Terminal Equipment Data Terminal Ready Digital Termination System AutoCAD file naming extension
E
ECN ECS EDI EEPROM EGA EIA EMC EME EMI EMS EPA EPLD EPRI EPROM ESD ETSI Engineering Change Notification 1. Enterprise Control System (FactoryLink) 2. Energy Control System Electronic Data Interchange Electronically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory Enhanced Graphics Adapter Electronic Industries Association Electromagnetic Compatibility * Ethernet/Memory Expansion (module) Electromagnetic Interference Energy (Enterprise) Management System Enhanced Performance Architecture Electrically Programmable Logic Device Electric Power Research Institute Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory Electrostatic Discharge European Telecommunication Standards Institute
GE Energy Services
Description
F
FAT FCB FCC FCS FDDI FDM FM FSK FTAM FTP Factory Acceptance Test Freeze Control Block Federal Communications Commission Frame Check Sequence Fiber Distributed Data Interface Frequency Division Multiplexing Frequency Modulation Frequency Shift Keying File Transfer and Access Method File Transfer Protocol
G
GOMSFE GOOSE GPS GUI Generic Object Model for Substation and Feeder Equipment Generic Object Oriented Substation Event Global Positioning System Graphical User Interface
H
HDLC HEX HMI HVPS High-level Data Link Control Hexadecimal Human-Machine Interface High Voltage Power Supply
I
ICCP ICM ICMP IEC IED IEEE IETF
Inter-Control Center Protocol * Integrated Configuration Manager Internet Control Message Protocol. International Electrotechnical Commission Intelligent Electronic Device Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers Internet Engineering Task Force
GE Energy Services
Description
IP IRIG ISA iSCS iSM&D iTMP ISO I/O
Internet Protocols Inter-Range Instrumentation Group (Satellite time reference) Industry Standard Architecture * integrated Substation Control System * integrated Substation Monitoring and Diagnostic * integrated Transformer Monitoring Package International Standards Organization Input / Output
J
JTAG Joint Test Action Group
L
LAN LDRB LLC LRC LRU LTC-MAP LVDC LVPS Local Area Network Local Digital Loopback Logical Link Control Longitudinal Redundancy Check Logical Remote Unit * Load Tap Changer Monitor (GE Harley) Low Voltage Direct Current Low Voltage Power Supply
M
MAC MAN MAU MCD MCU MDAC MDF MEC MIC Medium Access (and) Control Metropolitan Area Network Medium Attachment Unit Momentary (Multiple) Change Detect Micro Controller Unit Microsoft Data Access Components Main Distribution Frame Memory Expansion Card * Media Interface Card
GE Energy Services
Description
MMI MMPM MMS MOV MRP MRU MTBF MTTR MTTR MTU
Man-machine Interface Multi-Media Presentation Manager Manufacturing Message Specification Metal Oxide Varistor Master Remote Protocol Master Remote Unit Mean Time Between Failures Max Time to Receive (Message) Mean Time To Repair Maximum Transfer Unit
N
NAK NCP NDI NEMA NIC NPI NSAP NVRAM Negative Acknowledgment Network Control Program Network Device Interface National Electrical Manufacturers Association Network Interface Card New Product Introduction Network (layer) Service Access Point Non-Volatile Random Access Memory
O
OSI OWC Open Systems Interconnection Oscillographic Waveform Capture
P
PAD PBX PEDI PCM PDN PDU Packet Assembler/Disassembler Private Branch Exchange * Priority Event Distribution Interface Pulse Code Modulation Public Data Network Protocol Data Unit
GE Energy Services
Description
PF PICS PID Ping PLC POTS POP PPI PPM PPP PQ PSN pSOS PSTN PT PTT pu PVC
Power Factor Protocol Implementation Conformance Specification 1. Process Identifier 2. Proportional, Integral, Derivative Acronym for Packet Internet Groper Programmable Logic Controller Plain Old Telephone Service Point Of Presence Pounds Per square Inch Parts Per Million Point to Point Protocol Power Quality Public Switched Network Operating system for 68000 series microprocessors Public Switched Telephone Network Potential Transformer. See also: Voltage Transformer Postal Telephone and Telegraph per unit Permanent Virtual Circuit
R
RAM RDLB RFC RFI R/L RM&D ROM RTC RTS RTSE RTU Random Access Memory Remote Digital Loopback Request For Comment Radio Frequency Interference Raise / Lower * Remote Monitoring and Diagnostic Read Only Memory Real Time Clock (Counter) Request To Send Reliable Transfer Service Element Remote Terminal Unit
GE Energy Services
Description
S
SAP SAIFI SAP SAT SBO SCADA SCD SCS SDS SI SIDF SNMP SOE SQE SRAM SRU STP SVC SWC Service Access Point System Average Interruption Frequency Index Service Access Point Site Acceptance Test Select Before Operate Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition Single Circuit Device * Substation Control System * Software Development System Systeme International System Independent Data Format Simple Network Management Protocol Sequence of Events Signal Quality Error Static Random Access Memory Sub-Remote (Unit) Shielded Twisted Pair Switched Virtual Circuit Surge Withstand Components (Capability)
T
TASE(-2) T/C TCP TDR TFTP THD TIA tMEDIC TSEL
Telecontrol Application Service Element (Version 2) Trip / Close Transmission Control Protocol Time Domain Reflectometer Trivial File Transfer Protocol Total Harmonic Distortion Telecommunications Industries Association * FARADAYTM Transformer Management & Equipment Diagnostic System with Integrated Communications Transport Selector
GE Energy Services
Description
TTL
Transistor-transistor Logic
U
UART UCA UDP UIB UMS UPS UPT UTC UTP Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter Utility Communications Architecture User Datagram Protocol Utility Information Bus Utility Message Specification Uninterruptible power supply * UCA Points Table Universal Time Clock (or Code) Unshielded Twisted Pair
V
VDT VGA VME VT VT100 Video Display Terminal Video Graphics Adapter Versa-bus Module Eurocard Voltage Transformer A Digital Equipment Corporation model of video terminal. Has become the DeFacto standard for ASCII terminal emulation.
W
WAN WESDAC WESMAINT WESTERM WIN Wide Area Network * Acronym for WEStronic Data Acquisition and Control * GE Energy Services product maintenance facility. * Acronym for WEStronic TERMination module. * Acronym for WESDAC Interface Node. Refers to the database manager that is fundamental to the operation of GE Energy Services products such as: CPM, SAM, D10, D20, D25 and D200. A type of three phase power distribution
WYE
X
XCOM XMIT * eXternal COMmunication (module) Transmit
Global Glossary 1.30 4 General Full Release
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GE Energy Services
Description
XML XMT
eXtensible Markup Language Transmit
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Section 2: Glossary of Terms K

An asterisk (*) in the description column indicates a GE Energy Services-specific term.
Description
Note
Term
10BASE2 10BASE5 10BASE-FL 10BASE-T 68K Monitor
IEEE standard designation for Ethernet using thin-coaxial media IEEE standard designation for Ethernet using thick-coaxial media IEEE standard designation for Ethernet using fiber-optic media IEEE standard designation for Ethernet using unshielded twisted-pair media * A low-level maintenance and de-bugging tool included in all GE Energy Services products that use a Motorola 68000 series microprocessor.
A
Acceptance Access Access Control Written acceptance by designated representatives of applicable organizations. A specific type of interaction between a subject and an object that results in the flow of information from one to the other. 1. A security technique to prevent unauthorized use of a network resource. 2. A means of restricting access to objects based on the sensitivity (as represented by a label) of the information contained in the objects and formal authorization of subjects to access information of such sensitivity Accumulator Address Addressing Address Resolution Protocol Advanced Settings Alarm Condition See counter input The identification assigned to a network device or component The means to identify the source and recipient(s) of information transfers. The IP protocol used to link IP addresses to physical or MAC addresses of LAN devices Special parameters that do not normally need to be altered. Only experienced users should make changes to advanced settings A predefined change in the state or condition of equipment or the failure of equipment to respond correctly. Indication may be audible or visual, or both.
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GE Energy Services
Term
Description
American Standard Code for Information Interchange Analog Device
A seven-bit code that standardizes a set of characters representing letters and numbers for international use. A device that operates with variables represented by continuously measured quantities such as voltages, resistances, rotations and pressures. A field input that can accept a continuous range of voltage or current values. A field output that can produce a continuous range of voltage or current values. Also known as a setpoint. A variable represented by a scalar value. An analog voltage source present in a circuit that is used to calibrate the analog input or output circuitry. The rate at which an application polls for analog input state information. Production of a digital signal whose magnitude is proportional to the value of an analog quantity. A piece of software (a program) consisting of one or more processes and supporting functions. An attribute represents something that an object knows. An attribute reflects both the problem domain and the systems responsibilities as some data (state information) for which each object in a class has its own value. An independent review and examination of records and activities to assess the adequacy of system controls, to ensure compliance with established policies and operational procedures, and to recommend changes in controls, policies, or procedures. Security service used to validate the identity of a network entity. Pertaining to a process or device that, under specified conditions, functions without intervention by a human operator. Automated operation of breakers based on local and/or remote power system data. The ratio of uptime to total time (uptime plus downtime).
Analog Input Analog Output Analog Quantity Analog Reference Analog Scan Rate Analog-to-Digital Conversion Application Attribute
Audit
Authentication Automatic Automatic Reclosing Availability
B
Backup Bandwidth Provision for an alternate means of operation if the primary system is not available. Maximum raw data throughput of a communication system or channel.
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GE Energy Services
Term
Description
Base System
* A GE Energy Services term to represent the system software and all the necessary base-application programs. Does not include any custom applications. * A piece of software (a program) having a purpose that is common to most users (for example, the WESMAINT II process). Device that keeps a battery bank fully charged to permit operation during power system failures. The signaling speed, or, keying rate of a modem's carrier signal. The signaling speed in baud is equal to the reciprocal of the shortest element duration in seconds to be transmitted. The terms bit rate and baud are not synonymous and are not interchangeable in usage. Preferred usage is bit rate, or bps, with baud used only when the details of a communication modem or channel are specified. For example, the distinction between bit rate and baud for two different types of modems is illustrated. Signaling technique Modem one Signaling speed Information Transmitted per element duration (Bits per baud) Bit rate 1 bit/baud 1200 b/s Modem two 2 bits/baud 2400 b/s 1200 baud
Base System Application Battery Charger Baud
Baud rate
A measurement of the speed of a communications line; the number of times a line can change state in one second; the rate at which a signal is modulated. It is not the same as Bits Per Second. See Baud above. A number system having only two symbols (1 and 0), and where values are expressed in the base two number system. See Digital Input. See Digital Output. Contraction of binary digit. The smallest unit of information in a binary system. Has a value of either one (1) or zero (0). The number of bits transferred in a given time interval. Bits per second (bps) is a measure of the rate at which bits are transmitted. The rate at which a communication interface or channel transmits serial bit stream data in a second. An IP network host that can respond to a BootP request from a network client with the address and startup information required to BOOT.
Binary Binary Input Binary Output Bit Bit rate Bits Per Second BootP Server
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GE Energy Services
Term
Description
Bootstrap Protocol Bose-ChaudhuriHocquenghem Breaker Breaker failure protection Bridge
An IP protocol used in a client/server environment to request and download startup address and information. A form of cyclic redundancy checking, to detect errors that may have been introduced into a message during transmission. Device that connects and disconnects energized power circuits. Backup protection scheme to trip all connected breakers if a breaker fails to trip on a detected fault. A computer or network device that connects two or more networks and forwards data packets among them. A bridge operates only at the OSI Data Link layer, and can only recognize addresses and detect errors in packets.
Broadcast Buffer
Simultaneous transmission of data to all destination addresses on a network. A device in which data are stored temporarily, in the course of transmission from one point to another; used to compensate for a difference in the flow of data, or time of occurrence of events, when transmitting data from one device to another. A period, prior to on-line operation, during which equipment is continuously energized for the purpose of forcing infant-mortality failures. Usually a group of eight adjacent bits that function as a single unit. Defined as an Octet by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC).
Burn-in
Byte
C
Calibration Capacitor bank Change of State Adjustment of a device so that the output is within a specific range for particular values of the input. A group of capacitors used to adjust power circuit impedance. A significant change (as defined by a particular system) in the condition of a point being monitored, for example, a change in flow rate, temperature, voltage, etc. Usually associated with dual-state status (that is, alarm/normal conditions). The communication path between master station and RTU A facility that s used to disable a digital input point if the number of state changes of that point during a defined time interval is excessively high.
Channel, SCADA Chatter Filter
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Term
Description
Class
A grouping of objects together, based on common characteristics, that define those things that each of the objects knows and does. An abstract class has no objects; only its specialization (or their specializations) may have objects.
Clear Time Client Client/Server Closed loop control
The amount of time that the select relay will operate after the master trip or close has operated. A network device that requests information from another (the Server). A communication management scheme in which multiple clients can request specified information from one device (the Server). A type of automatic control in which control actions are based on signals fed back from the controlled equipment or system. For example, RTUs can manage local voltage conditions by control of load tap changers and volt-amperes reactive (VAr) control compensation equipment. Automated procedure to change feeder relay settings to pick up load after an extended outage. Information or data passing through shared media interferes with information from another source, corrupting both. See also interference, common mode. The performance of two or more actions at approximately the same time. Some data transfer actions, in which information is moved to several receivers concurrently, require tests for successful data receipt at all receivers. Data discards may be required to ensure consistency of the data used by all of the receivers. * A Windows based software program that operates on a personal computer and allows you to download configuration information to all GE Energy Services control products including D10, D20, D200, DART, SCD, D25. A representation (primitive) of an interaction in which a serviceprovider indicates, at a particular service-access-point, completion of some procedure previously invoked, at the service-access-point, by an interaction represented by a request primitive. A mode of communication where no connection is established prior to the data transfer; the data transfer itself is a self contained unit carrying all information, such as address, etc. A mode of communication where the data exchange is done in a 3phase process: establishment of a connection, transfer of the data, release of the connection.
Cold load pickup Collision Common mode interference Concurrency
Config Pro
Confirm
Connectionless
Connection-oriented
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GE Energy Services
Term
Description
Console
That component of the system that provides facilities for observation and control of the system (e.g., operator's console, maintenance console). An operational condition in which two or more devices simultaneously try to use the same resource (e.g., communication channel, disk, memory). The maximum amount of time that a device will wait to receive an execute command after receiving an arm command. Digital Output. See: panel, control. An input that can be in one of two states (On or Off), and that is used to detect and count transitions from one state to the other. Also known as accumulator. A piece of software (a program) designed to address a particular need of a particular user. Contrast with base-system application, which addresses a need common to most users. An error-detection scheme that checks the integrity of a transmitted message for errors introduced during transmission.
Contention
Control Arm Time-out Control Output Control panel Counter Input
Custom Application
Cyclic Redundancy Check
D
Data Data Acquisition Data Concentrator Data Display Data Element Any, representation of a digital or analog quantity to which meaning has been assigned. The collection of data. * A communication node comprising a D20 or D200 processor, which is responsible for polling RTUs and reporting to the master station. Data output to operator workstations Any significant information or control capability provided by an application/device that may be of interest and is accessible to some other application/device. Specifically excluded is any data and/or control capability only used internally by the application/device so that it may accomplish its intended function. Security serviced used to determine if data has been altered or destroyed in transit. The age of data. I.e., length of time between an event occurrence and the reporting of the event to the end user. The recording of selected data on suitable media. The rate at which a data path (e.g., channel) carries data, measured in bits per second (b/s).
Global Glossary 1.30 4 General Full Release
Data Integrity Data Latency Data Logging Data Rate
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GE Energy Services
Term
Description
Data-Collection Application Data-Processing Application Data-Translation Application Deadband Debounce Period
* A software application that acquires data from and sends data to various intelligent electronic devices or modules. * A software application that accepts requests and processes data as it is required by (usually) a master station. * A software application that translates data from one form to another (for example digital input to analog input). A data-translation application usually has no direct interface to external devices. The range through which an analog quantity can vary without initiating response. The amount of time for which the state of a digital input point must be detected in a valid on or off condition before it is considered to be in that position. A number system having ten symbols, and where values are expressed in the base ten number system. An IP term describing the primary network gateway on an IP network. 1. Any individual intelligent electronic piece of equipment operating on a network 2. An operating element (e.g., relay, contactor, circuit breaker, switch, valve, or governor) used to perform a given function in the operation of electrical equipment.
Decimal Default Gateway Device
Diagnostics, self Differential mode interference Digital Fault Recorder Digital Input
Programs automatically executed, at predetermined intervals, in the master station or RTU, to check the health of the system. See interference, differential mode. Device that samples and stores analog sensor data during power system transients for later replay and analysis. An input that can be in one of two states (either on or off), and is monitored to detect any change from normal. Also known as an alarm, a binary input, or a status input. An output that can be in one of two states and is used to turn something on/up or off/down. Comes in two types: trip/close, and raise/lower. Also known as binary outputs or control outputs. Collection of open systems which co-operate to hold a logical database of information about a set of objects in the real world (e.g., OSI users and network resources). The directory also provides services for users (people and application processes) to access the information contained in the repository.
Digital Output
Directory
Disable
A command or condition that prohibits some specific event from occurring.
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GE Energy Services
Term
Description
Disconnect function Disconnect switch Display, graphic:
The process of terminating communication between two applications executing in two or more IEDs. Device that connects and disconnects de-energized power circuits. A hardware device (e.g., CRT, VDT, liquid crystal display (LCD), mapboard, plasma panel, arrays of lamps, or light-emitting diodes) used to visually present information. A design in which data is processed by more than one processor. A pair of digital input points that can assume four different states. States 1 and 2 may be described as NORMAL or VALID states, and states 3 and 4 may be described as ABNORMAL or INVALID states. Purpose is to detect and count complete changes of state (transitions), while ignoring any incomplete transitions.
Distributed processing Double-point Accumulator
Download
The act of transferring data files from one device to another over some type of communication link or cable.
E
Electromagnetic interference Electronically Erasable Programmable Read-only Memory Enable Encryption Engineering unit Erasable Programmable Read-only Memory Ethernet Event A measure of electromagnetic radiation from equipment. A type of data storage (memory chip) designed to be programmed more than once. The chips are functionally the same as EPROMs, but are erased using a particular electrical voltage. A command or condition that permits some specific event to occur. The transformation of data into an encoded form. A unit of physical measurement (e.g., volts, amperes). A type of data storage (memory chip) designed to be programmed more than once, that can be read but not altered by the system, because it is a type of permanent memory. Common name for 10 Mbps LAN technology, uses CSMA/CD media access and control techniques A discrete change of state (status) of a system or device.
F
Failover Failure Fault recording The transfer of a function or functions to a backup device. An event that limits the capability of equipment or a system to perform its function(s). Procedures for the collection, storage, and analysis of power system fault data.
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GE Energy Services
Term
Description
File transfer and access File Transfer Protocol Filter Base
The ability to manage efficient transfers of arbitrarily large files of any format. The IP standard for transferring files from one host to another across a network link. 1. The length of time (in milliseconds) during which the maximum number of state transitions for a digital input point must not be exceeded, or else the chatter filter turns on and disables the point. 2. * The length of time between reports of events or counter accumulations (note that if you are using D.20 application, version 7.xx or higher, the filter base does not handle accumulators).
Filter Period Firmware First-level Debouncing
See Filter Base Data files resident in a processors non-volatile memory, or flash memory A filtering method applied to a raw digital input signal to screen out glitches or contact bounce. Consists of two phases, tolerant and intolerant. Not available in pre-V7.00 versions of the D.20 application. A single-point type of digital input that counts rising-edge changes of state (or transitions). A pair of digital inputs that counts the transitions from one valid state to the next valid state, while ignoring any transitions to invalid states. Counts rising edge transitions. Counts falling edge transitions. 2 inputs, counts when both change to the opposite state (1 on, 1 off).
Form A Counters Form C Counters Form A Form B Form C
G
Gateway 1. An IP device providing similar functions to an OSI router 2. Processor providing communication protocol conversion services to permit communications between dissimilar data systems. An example is a communications mediation device that translates data for communications between IEDs and other user system levels. Global Positioning System Receiver Graphic display Device that acquires precision time and position data from the U.S. Department of Defense system of a constellation of low-orbit satellites. See display, graphic.
H
Hardcopy A paper record of information (e.g., reports, listings, logs, and charts).
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GE Energy Services
Term
Description
Hardware Points
The total number of physical input and output points in a system. Hardware points may be available to multiple LRUs, multiple applications, as well as to system use.
Hexadecimal
A number system having 16 symbols, and where values are expressed in the base 16 number system. Commonly used to abbreviate binary data. A synchronous communications protocol used by a processor board to communicate with its peripherals. Procedures for the collection, storage, and analysis of long term power system-operating data.
High-level Data Link Control Historical data Host
1. The client or host station/computer, with which the RTU equipment

communicates. Also called a master or master station.
2. Any intelligent LAN device running the Internet Protocol.

Host Computer Host Name Host Table Hub Refers to the SCADA computer, also referred to as the Master Station. On an IP network, an arbitrary name used as an alias for a network devices address A list of all Host Names of all IP network devices that is maintained by each device on the network. Multi-Port Repeater
I
Indication Infant mortality failures An audio or visual signal that signifies a particular condition. A characteristic pattern of failure wherein the number of failures per unit of time decreases rapidly as the number of operating hours increase. To prevent a specific event from occurring (e.g., alarm inhibit). The length of time (in milliseconds) allowed for an analog input signal to settle before being sampled. The dielectric strength of a material. A single or multifunctional device incorporating one or more processors with the capability to receive or send data/control messages form or to an external source (e.g., electronic multifunction meters, digital relays, controllers, RTUs).
Inhibit Input Settling Time Insulation Intelligent Electronic Device
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GE Energy Services
Term
Description
Interference, common mode
1. Interference that appears between both signal leads and a common

reference plane (ground) and causes the potential of both sides of the transmission path to be changed simultaneously and by the same amount relative to the common reference plane (ground).
2. A form of interference that appears between any measuring circuit

terminal and ground. Interference, differential mode Interference, normal mode Internet Message Control Protocol Interposing relay Interrupts Interference that causes the potential of one side of the signal transmission path to be changed relative to the other side. A form of interference that appears between measuring circuit terminals. See also: interference, differential mode. An integral part of the Internet Protocol that handles communication error and control messages. See also: relay, interposing. The ability of an information source with higher-priority data to preempt communication capacity that is currently in use by traffic of a lower priority. The second part of first-level debouncing. A period of time during which the state of a digital input must remain constant. * - For single-point status inputs and accumulators, the period of time for which the input must be in the off state before being recognized as such. - For dual-point status inputs and accumulators, the period of time during which the inputs must be in an invalid state before being recognized as such. - This feature is not available in pre-7.00 versions of the D.20 application.
Intolerant Phase Invalid Period
L
LAN Segment Line frequency Load Control A part of an IP network where all network devices share the same network address. The power utilitys line frequency (in cycles per second). This is normally 60 Hz in North America, and 50 Hz for other continents. Critical quantities (AGC & kWh) used by the master station to match load and generation and for accounting purposes in the users control area. Procedure to manage the shedding and restoration of service under power system overload conditions. Device that adjusts a transformer voltage ratio while operating under load.
Load Shedding Load tap changer
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GE Energy Services
Term
Description
Local Area Network
A communication network to interconnect a variety of intelligent devices (e.g., personal computers, workstations, printers, file storage devices) that can transmit data over a limited area, typically within a facility. A parameter that defines the length of time that a device or point will be disabled from operation after exceeding a pre-defined error condition A record of data. * An RTU that exists in software, but not physically. LRUs are created by software partitioning of a single physical RTU so that it appears to the master station as two or more RTUs. This technique is usually employed as a means by which to overcome the point-addressing limitations of a particular protocol, or to form a logical grouping of data.
Lock-out Period
Log Logical Remote Unit
Longitudinal Redundancy Check
An error-detection scheme based on an exclusive OR of transmitted characters, accumulated at both the sending and receiving stations during transmission.
M
Manual Control Master Master Remote Protocol Master Remote Unit Control in which the system or main device, whether direct or poweraided in operation, is directly controlled by an operator. The client or host station or computer, with which the RTU equipment communicates. Also referred to as a host or host computer. The UCA 2.0 reduced stack serial implementation of MMS over IEEE 802.2 logical link control and ADLC. An intelligent electronic device that acts as a data concentrator or master to other intelligent electronic devices (that is, an MRU acquires data from and sends data to other intelligent electronic devices). Also referred to as a sub-master or remote-master. Refers to the SCADA computer, also referred to as the Host Computer or client station, with which the RTU equipment communicates. Refers to the master station of a supervisory control system. A communication management scheme in which one IED (the Master) requests a specified one of a group of IEDs (the Slaves) to deliver specified information. Used where data flows primarily from the Slaves to the Master. Unsolicited reporting schemes use an implied initial data request solicitation by the Master. Maximum acceptable amount of time between a message being sent by an application and its being received by the destination application. The transit delay constitutes only a portion of the total delay.
Master Station Master Terminal Unit Master/Slave
Max Time to Receive Message
24
GE Energy Services
Term
Description
Mean Time Between Failure Mean Time To Repair Meter Modem
The time interval (hours) that may be expected between failures of an operating equipment The time interval (hours) that may be expected to return a failed equipment to proper operation. Device that uses sensor data to calculate real and reactive power levels and energy transfers. A MOdulator/DEModulator device, which converts serial binary digital data to and from the signal form appropriate for the respective communication channel. Simultaneous transmission of data to a defined group of destinations on a network. I.e., a limited broadcast. A LAN media distribution center, each connection is isolated from all others by repeater logic.
Multicast Multi-Port Repeater
N
Network Interface Card Network management Non-volatile Random Access Memory A hardware component providing the physical interface between a LAN device and the LAN media. The means by which the network can be monitored, controlled, and updated. A semi-permanent type of data storage (memory) that is backed up by batteries to maintain stored data even if system power is lost. Can be both read and changed by the system.
O
Object 1. A noun defining a person, place or thing that represents what a system needs to know and do about an actual object. 2. A passive entity that contains or receives information Octal Offset One-based Number A base-8 numbering system A predetermined value modifying the actual value (e.g., the use of a 4 mA signal to represent zero in a 4 mA to 20 mA system). A number that is determined by counting from one (1) up to the number. For example, a hypothetical point number three (as a onebased number) is the third point in a series: 1, 2, 3. Contrast with zerobased number. A type of digital output. A transistor output that lets you logically OR more than one output together. A form of control without feedback.
Open Collector Open loop control
25
GE Energy Services
Term
Description
Open System
A system, in which various equipment supplied by numerous vendors can be assembled, easily expanded and upgraded to best meet the needs of the user. All system interfaces and components are isolated so that hardware, software, operating systems, etc., can be replaced by that of another supplier without disruption to the system. ISO communications model for the interconnection of cooperative computer systems
Open Systems Interconnection
P
Peak Information Rate The maximum amount of information, expressed in bits/second, that will be transmitted to and received from this application. Note that this is not the peak data rate, which includes overhead from the protocol being utilized. The ability of pairs of network nodes to manage mutual information transfers without invoking the support of other nodes. The ability for two applications to communicate with each other without having to rely on the services of a third application not directly involved in performing the function. For example, two capacitor controllers may have to exchange information without requiring the services of a master station. Note that whether the applications communicate indirectly via a repeater, bridge, or router is not an issue here. * With reference to the Harris D20/200 RTU family, one of several types of intelligent input and/or output modules that are controlled by the D.20 application. Acronym for Packet Internet Groper A utility that can test the reachability of destinations on an IP network. It uses an ICMP echo request, and waits for its reply. Point Description Point Descriptor Point to Point Protocol Polling A brief description associated with a system point. See Point Description An IP Protocol for framing messages for sending across serial communications lines. Communications access control procedure where a primary (master) station systematically invites secondary stations, one at a time, to transmit data. A Polling technique is used for obtaining Report by Exception data. An interface point connecting a communications channel and a device. Procedures for the collection, storage, and analysis of power quality data at sub-transmission and distribution load points. An equipment or subsystem that is normally on-line and performing system functions. See also backup.
Peer-to-peer
Peripheral Board
Ping
Polling for Exceptions Port Power Quality monitoring Primary
26
GE Energy Services
Term
Description
Programmable Logic Controller ProLogic
General-purpose user-programmable control device. A PLC type of user programming function provided as standard on most GE Energy Services products. Requires an optional PC based ladder logic editor program. A measure of the length of time required to move information from one device to another over a communication path. Equipment, hardware, software, designs or written words that may not be released to other parties without written permission unless no longer supported by the original manufacturer. A strict procedure required to initiate and maintain communication. System data points generated internally by a software application. They often represent the results of a calculation, or the internal state of a process. A telemeter that employs characteristics of intermittent electric signals, other than their frequency, as the translating means.
Propagation Delays Proprietary
Protocol Pseudo Points
Pulse-type telemeter
Q
Quality of Service Quiescent Operation A parameter specifying the level of performance needed by communications, such as transit delay, priority, accuracy, or reliability. A system that is normally alert but inactive. It transmits information only when a change in indication occurs at the RTU or when a command operation is initiated at the master station.
R
Raise/Lower Random Access Memory A type of digital output. Raise/lowers are controls that allow for an increase or decrease of some action over a specified period of time. A type of temporary data storage (memory) that can be read and changed while the computer is in use. Data stored in random-access memory is lost if the system loses power. A group of inductors used to adjust power circuit impedance. A type of permanent data storage (memory) that can be read but not altered by the system. Data stored in read-only memory is not affected by power loss to the system. A special-purpose breaker with integral relaying that automatically trips and recloses it to minimize service restoration time after temporary faults. To protect from communication link failures, alternate or redundant communication paths may be supported.
Reactor bank Read Only Memory
Recloser
Redundant Routing
27
GE Energy Services
Term
Description
Reference Check Reference Deadband Relay, interposing
A periodic test performed on the reference voltage sources of the analog input peripheral boards. The allowable difference between the running references and a predefined stored reference value before an error is generated. A device that enables the energy in a high-power circuit to be switched by a low-power control signal, provides isolation, and/or provides contact multiplication. Forwarding information through an intermediate system to reach a destination end system. Control of a device from a distant point. 1. Device that concentrates sensor data for transfer to, and accepts power system device control commands from, an external SCADA system. 2. A piece of equipment located at a distance from a master station to monitor and control the status of outlying equipment, and to communicate the information back to the master station or host.
Relaying Remote control Remote Terminal Unit
Repeater
A hardware device used to extend a LAN. It copies and regenerates signals from one physical network segment to another. Because it operates at the OSI Physical layer, it does not check or respond to the signals passing through it.
Report-by-exception
The reporting of data (e.g., from RTU to master station) only when the data either changes state (e.g., for a status or digital input point) or exceeds a predefined deadband (e.g., for an analog input point). The least value of the measured quantity that can be distinguished. The time between initiating some operation, and obtaining results. In a communication system, it is the number of subsequent attempts a network device will make after it recognizes that the first attempt to transmit traffic has failed. An intelligent device that connects two or more networks, and forwards packets from one to another. A router uses sophisticated algorithms to determine the best path and techniques to forward information from one host to another.
Resolution Response time Retries
Router
Routing
The process of determining a path for data to traverse the network by using knowledge of the network topology and loading.
S
Scan (interrogation) The process by which a data acquisition system interrogates RTUs for points of data. See also polling (data request).
28
GE Energy Services
Term
Description
Scan cycle
The time in seconds required to obtain a collection of data (e.g. all data from one RTU, all data from all RTUs, or all data of a particular type from all RTUs). A feature that allows or disallows a particular input point to be scanned. A function performed where a data stream is broken down into groups of a pre-defined size. Two-part command sequence for high communications security and hardware verification before the control is actually executed. See: diagnostics, self. Sensing device for physical variables such as AC and DC Voltage and Current, Switch Status, Temperature, Humidity, etc. 1. Digital input points that are time tagged to include relative or absolute time of occurrence. 2. A time-tagged change of state, logged as part of a chronological record of significant changes in the condition of a particular point or points being monitored.
Scan Enable Segmenting Select Before Operate Self-diagnostics Sensor Sequence of Events
Sequencing
A function performed by a devices communication software to preserve the order of information units that were transmitted to another device or communication process. A method of transmitting information between devices by sending all bits serially over a single communication channel. The responder to a communications request. Conceptually identifies the point at which a service is made available to a user. An abstract model describing how an OSI service is requested or accepted. See Analog output. Time required by channel or terminal equipment to reach an acceptable operating condition. Responding device in a polling network A method used to determine whether a digital input has actually changed state, or whether a perceived change of state was actually contact bounce or other line noise. A piece of code that has not yet been compiled or assembled (that is, it is still in the language it was programmed in) and so cannot yet run on a machine.
Serial communication Server Service Access Point Service Primitive Setpoint Settling time Slave Software Debouncing
Source code
29
GE Energy Services
Term
Description
Source Routing
A type of routing whereby the route is determined by the source station for each transaction sent through the communication network to a desired destination station. The routing information is contained within each frame/packet. Information describing a logical state of a point or equipment. See Digital Input. Refers to an RTU that is responsible for polling other RTUs and reporting to the master station. A 32 bit code used by IP hosts to identify which part of an IP address represents the (sub)network address and which part of the IP address represents the host. Refers to an RTU that is polled and reports to a sub-master RTU. A system operating with coded signals over communication channels so as to provide control of RTU equipment. The supervisory system may be combined with a data acquisition system by adding the use of coded signals over communication channels to acquire information about the status of the RTU equipment for display or for recording.
Status Status Input Sub-Master Subnet Mask
Sub-Remote (Unit) Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition
Switch System Points
Device that connects and disconnects de-energized power circuits. 1. A list of points owned by a data-collection application or a datatranslation application. System points may include hardware points, and pseudo-points. 2. Input or output points that are organized and numbered by type A coordinated value of time maintained throughout the control and data acquisition equipment.
System time
T
TELNET Time-out Timer, watchdog Transaction The TCP/IP standard protocol for remote (character-mode) terminal service. The maximum length of time an application will wait for a service to respond to a request. A form of interval timer that is used to detect a possible malfunction. That sequence of messages between master and remote stations required to perform a specific function (e.g., acquire specific data or control a selected device). The IPs standard reliable, connection-based transport level protocol
Transmission Control Protocol
30
GE Energy Services
Term
Description
Transverse Mode Interference Trip/Close Trivial File Transfer Protocol Troubleshoot
See interference, differential mode. A type of digital output that opens (Trips) and closes a relay or switch. The IP standard protocol for connectionless file transfer Uses UDP as a delivery service Action taken by operating or maintenance personnel, or both, to isolate a malfunctioned component of a system. Actions may be supported by printed procedures, diagnostic circuits, test points, and diagnostic routines.
U
Uninterruptible Power Supply Unsolicited Reporting A system designed to automatically provide power, without delay or transients, during any period when the normal power supply is incapable of performing acceptably. Reporting schemes where the slave initiates a message to a master usually used to indicate the change or alarm data is available for retrieval. This application includes a function, which requires the ability to notify another application than an event has occurred, without waiting to be polled for the information. The process of transferring information from one device or network to another device or network The time during which a device or system is capable of meeting functional requirements. The IP standard connectionless protocol that allows application programs to send one datagram at a time to another application on a remote system A physical interface between the operator and the system equipment.
Unsolicited Response
Upload Uptime User Datagram Protocol
User interface
V
Video Display Terminal Virtual connection The visual equipment used as a user interface. See also user interface (U1). The ability of a network and associated devices to provide a data pipeline function whereby messages can be passed unaltered from a user (remote or local) to an IED connected to the network. The user would see little difference (look, feel, response) between a local physical connection to the IED and the remote virtual connections.
31
GE Energy Services
Term
Description
Virus
A self-replicating, malicious program-segment that attaches itself to an application program or other executable system component and leaves no external signs of its presence. A device that automatically adjusts a voltage level.
Voltage Regulator
W
Watchdog Timer See timer, watchdog.
Y
Y2K Compliant Computer systems or applications that accurately process date/time data (including but not limited to, calculating, comparing, and sequencing) from, into and between the twentieth and twenty-first centuries, the years 1999 and 2000, and leap-year calculations. A computer system or application that has been determined to be suitable for continued use into the year 2000 even though the computer system or application is not fully Y2K compliant.
Y2K Ready
Z
Zero-based Number A number that is determined by counting from zero (0) up to the number. For example, a hypothetical point number three (as a zerobased number) is the fourth point in a series: 0, 1, 2, 3. Contrast with one-based number.
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Section 1: Glossary of Acronyms and Abbreviations K

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BootP BootROM bps BRI

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CODEC COMTRADE COS CPM

CRC CSA CSMA/CD CSOM CSU CT CTS

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IP IRIG ISA iSCS iSM&D iTMP ISO I/O

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eXtensible Markup Language Transmit

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Section 2: Glossary of Terms K

10BASE2 10BASE5 10BASE-FL 10BASE-T 68K Monitor

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American Standard Code for Information Interchange Analog Device

Authentication Automatic Automatic Reclosing Availability

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Base System Application Battery Charger Baud

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Bootstrap Protocol Bose-ChaudhuriHocquenghem Breaker Breaker failure protection Bridge