SECTION 03450 ARCHITECTURAL PRECAST CONCRETE 00000000PART 1 - GENERAL 1.1 SECTION INCLUDES A. B. 1.

2 Architectural precast concrete units for exterior walls as indicated on Drawings. Miscellaneous Materials: Support devices, anchors, attachments, pedestals, bearing pads and other materials related to Work.

REFERENCES A. SASO Saudi Arabian Standards Organization SASO 142 SASO 143 SASO 226 SASO 227 SASO 230 SASO 226 SASO 249 SASO 250 SASO 251 SASO 278 SASO 279 SASO 378 SASO 379 SASO 391 SASO 1068 SASO 805 SASO 806 Physical and Mechanical Testing Methods of Portland Cement Portland Cement, Ordinary and Rapid - Hardening Methods for Sampling of Concrete Aggregates Methods of Testing of "Test Sieves" Test Sieving Methods for sampling of concrete aggregates Methods of test for concrete aggregate Part 1: Sieve Analysis Methods of test for concrete aggregate Part 2: Determination of organic impurities in natural sand. Methods of test for concrete aggregate Part 3: Determination of impact strength for coarse aggregate. Methods of test for concrete aggregate Part 4: Determination of percentage of clay, silt and fines in natural aggregates. Methods of test for concrete aggregate Part 5: Determination of coarse aggregate resistance to abrasion by Los Angeles machine. Aggregates from natural sources for concrete. Consistency test for fresh concrete Part 1: Slump test. Methods of sampling fresh concrete. Ready-mixed Concrete Mineral aggregates and sands Determination of soundness Mineral aggregates and sands Determination of chlorides and sulphate.
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SASO 872 SASO 873 SASO 874 SASO 875 SASO 701 SASO 1052 SASO 1053 SASO 570 SASO 2 ASO 107 SASO 223 SASO 224 SASO 690 SASO 39 B.

Testing concrete: Compacting factor test. Testing concrete: Method for determining of vebe time. Testing concrete: Method for determination of density of compacted fresh concrete. Testing concrete: Methods for determination of air content of fresh concrete. Potable Water Non Bottled Preparation of concrete specimens for compressive strength test. Determination of concrete specimens for compressive strength test. Sulphate Resistant Portland Cement Steel bars for the reinforcement of concrete. Tensile testing of steel. Methods of test for steel fabric for concrete reinforcement Steel fabric for reinforcement of concrete Methods of test for steel bars for the reinforcement of concrete Mechanical testing of welded joints

ACI - American Concrete Institute: ACI 308 - Standard Practice for Curing Concrete ACI 318 - Building Code Requirements for Reinforced Concrete

C.

ASTM - American Society for Testing and Materials: ASTM A 36 - Specification for Structural Steel ASTM A 185- Specification for Steel Welded Wire Fabric, Plain, for Concrete Reinforcement ASTM A 307 - Specification for Carbon Steel Bolts and Studs, 60,000 psi Tensile Strength ASTM A 615- Specification for Deformed and Plain Billet-Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement ASTM A 666- Specification for Austenitic Stainless Steel, Sheet, Strip, Plate, and Flat Bar for Structural Applications ASTM C 31 - Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the

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Field ASTM C 33 - Specification for Concrete Aggregates ASTM C 150 - Specification for Portland Cement ASTM C 260 - Specification for Air-Entertaining Admixtures for Concrete ASTM C 330 - Specification for Lightweight Aggregates for Structural Concrete D. AWS - American Welding Society: ANSI/AWS D1.1 - Structural Welding Code - Steel ANSI/AWS D1.4 - Structural Welding Code - Reinforcing Steel E. PCI - Prestressed Concrete Institute: PCI Manual For Structural Design of Architectural Precast Concrete PCI MNL-117 - Manual for Quality Control for Plants and Production of Architectural Precast Concrete Products PCI MNL-120 - Design Handbook - Precast and Prestressed Concrete PCI MNL-123 - Manual on Design of Connections for Precast Prestressed Concrete 1.3 DESIGN REQUIREMENTS A. Design elements to withstand design loads as calculated in accordance with the Uniform Building Code - UBC and erection forces. Calculate structural properties of elements in accordance with ACI 318. Design elements to accommodate construction tolerances, and clearances of intended openings. Design component connections to accommodate thermal movement. Provide adjustment to accommodate misalignment of structure(s) without unit distortion or damage.

B. C.

1.4

SUBMITTALS A. Shop Drawings: Indicate layout, unit locations, configuration, unit identification marks, reinforcement, support items, location of lifting devices, dimensions, openings, and relationship to adjacent materials. Provide erection drawings for approval.

B. C.

Samples: Submit 2 panels, 600 x 600 mm in size illustrating surface finish, color and texture. Submit samples of embedded items, anchorages, gasketing and sealants, and other attachments and accessories specified. Linear samples shall be minimum 600 mm long.
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D. 1.5

Design Analysis and Calculations for precast concrete elements and their connections.

DESIGN RESPONSIBILITY A. General: 1. Design precast concrete elements and connections prepared through a registered Professional Engineer meeting requirements of fabrication, stripping, handling, storage, and erection operations as well as complying with the Contract Documents for structural requirements and architectural finish. Origin of registration and professional background of the Professional Engineer shall be subject to acceptance by the Engineer. Design shall conform to latest edition of the Uniform Building Code (UBC), the Architectural Concrete Institute (ACI-318 Building Code Requirements for Reinforced Concrete) and the Manual for quality Control for Plants and Production of the Precast/Prestressed Concrete Institute (PCI).

2.

B.

Structural Performance Criteria: 1. Loads: a. b. c. d. 2. Self-weight of precast element including integral finishes. Wind loads based on the latest edition of UBC for a basic wind speed and wind exposure as shown on structural drawings. Temperature variations of 25o C. Seismic loads shall be in accordance with the latest edition of UBC, Zone as shown on structural drawings.

Loading Combinations: a. b. Individual self-weight of precast elements for conditions of handling and erection. After erection, consider the self-weight + wind load; self-weight + thermal load; self-weight + wind + thermal load. A one-third increase in stress is allowed for loading conditions which include self-weight + wind + thermal load. No stress increase is allowed for self-weight + wind, or self-weight + thermal load. Seismic loads shall be substituted for wind in above equations.

c. C.

Added Reinforcing: Design shall provide necessary added reinforcing and connections so that handling during fabrication, transportation, and erection will not damaged or crack the precast elements. Deviation: Proposed design deviating from Contract Documents shall be approved in writing by the Engineer prior to the commencement of precast elements production.
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E.

Connections: Drawings must indicate location of connections and acceptable methods for attachment. Alternative methods shall be subject to approval. Compliance with drawings shall not eliminate submittal of engineering requirements. Detail permanent connections for precast elements and support by design calculations. Design and calculations shall be subject to approval of the Engineer.

1.6

QUALITY ASSURANCE A. B. C. D. Perform Work in accordance with PCI MNL-116, PCI MNL-123, PCI MNL-120, PCI Manual for Structural Design of Architectural Precast Concrete, and ACI 318. Welding: Perform welding in accordance with the requirements of ANSI/AWS D1.1. Maintain one copy of each document on site. Independent Testing Laboratory: Contractor shall hire the services of Independent Testing Laboratory, subject to approval of the Engineer, to carry out testing and quality control of precast elements during fabrication and arrival at site. Approved testing agency shall submit report to the Engineer for quality assurance of all precast elements prior to installation.

1.7

QUALIFICATIONS A. B. C. Fabricator: Company specializing in performing the work of this Section with minimum 5 years of documented experience. Design elements under direct supervision of a Professional Structural Engineer experienced and licensed in design of this work. Welder Qualifications: Welders shall be qualified within previous year in accordance with ANSI/AWS D1.1 and ANSI/AWS D1.4.

1.8

MOCKUP A. B. C. Provide full size mockup of precast elements. Mockup elements shall include all construction details as shown on approved shop drawings. Locate mockup where directed by the Engineer. Mockup may not remain as part of the Work.

1.9

DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING A. B. C. Handle precast elements to position, consistent with their shape and design. Lift and support only from support points. Lifting or Handling Equipment: Capable of maintaining elements during manufacture, storage, transportation, erection, and in position for fastening. Blocking and Lateral Support during Transport and Storage: Provide temporary
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lateral support to prevent bowing and warping. D. E. Protect elements to prevent staining, shipping, or spalling of concrete. Mark elements with date of production in location not visible to view when in final position in structure.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS 2.1 ARCHITECTURAL PRECAST CONCRETE ELEMENTS A. General: 1. Design Responsibility: Architectural precast elements Manufacturer shall provide the design of each element as well as the related works in accordance with the requirements specified above. Design Approval: Design, analysis and calculations as well as proposed design deviation from the requirements specified above shall be reviewed and approved by the Engineer prior to production of units. Shape and Size of Elements: As indicated on Drawings. Surface Finishes: Fair-faced, sandblasted or as indicated on Drawings for the different areas and shall match the approved sample and/or mock-up. Pigment or Coloring Agent: Where required, coloring technique shall be as recommended by Manufacturer and approved by the Engineer. Coloring agent shall be free from materials harmful to concrete and reinforcement, resistant to alkalis and fade due to ultra-violet rays. Color shall be as shown on Drawings.

2.

3. 4. 5.

B.

Precast Elements: 1. Precast panels shall be connected using galvanized steel fixings as recommended by precast manufacturers and approved by Engineer. Sizes shall be as per approved shop drawings. Precast Cladding for Columns: Reinforced concrete solid precast cladding panels shall be of sizes as shown on Drawings, and constructed of Class 35 concrete conforming to Section 03300 - CAST-IN-PLACE CONCRETE. Minimum thickness for cladding panels shall be as recommended by precast manufacturer and as approved by the Engineer on detailed shop drawings. Cladding panels shall have a sand blasted finish for all exposed surfaces.

2.

C.

Concrete Materials: 1. 2. Portland Cement: Type I conforming to SSA 143 and as defined in ASTM C 150. Aggregates: ASTM C 33 for normal aggregates and ASTM C 330 for lightweight aggregate.
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3. 4.

Water: Potable, free from foreign materials in amounts harmful to concrete and embedded steel. Admixtures: Determined by precast fabricator as appropriate to design requirements and PCI MNL-116. a. b. Air-Entraining Admixtures: Conform to the requirements of ASTM C 260 Water Reducing, Retarding, and Accelerating Admixtures: Conform to ASTM C 494

D.

Reinforcing Materials: 1. Bars: a. b. 2. 3. Reinforcing Steel Bars: ASTM A 615, Grade 60, deformed steel bars. Low-Alloy Steel reinforcing Bars: ASTM A 706.

Wire: Plain, cold-drawn steel conforming to the requirements of ASTM A 82. Wire Fabric: a. b. Welded Wire Fabric: Conform to ASTM A 185. Welded Deformed Steel Wire Fabric: Conform to ASTM A 497

2.2

MISCELLANEOUS MATERIALS A. Support devices: Connecting and support materials include anchors, inserts and shall be in accordance with the following: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. B. C. Steel Plates: Structural quality, hot-rolled carbon steel, ASTM A 283, Grade C. Steel Shapes: ASTM A 36. Anchor Bolts: ASTM A 307, low-carbon steel bolts, regular hexagon nuts and carbon steel washers. High-Strength Threaded Fasteners: Heavy hexagon structural bolts, Heavy hexagon bolts, and hardened washers complying with ASTM A 324. Finish: Provide hot-dipped galvanized finish in accordance with ASTM A 153 for all connection materials.

Bearing Pads: Vulcanized type, neoprene elastomeric compound, molded to size or cut from a molded sheet. Surface hardness 50 - 60 shore A durometer. Welding Electrodes: Conform to AWS Standards

2.3

MIX
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A. 2.4

Concrete: Minimum compressive strength shall be 35 MPa after 28 day strength unless otherwise approved by the Engineer.

FABRICATION A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. Fabrication procedure to conform to PCI MNL-117. Maintain plant records and quality control program during production of precast elements. Make records available upon request. Use rigid molds, constructed to maintain precast unit uniform in shape, size and finish. Maintain consistent quality during manufacture. Fabricate support devices, plates, angles, items fit to steel framing members, inserts, bolts, and accessories to permit initial placement and final attachment. Embed reinforcing steel, anchors, inserts plates, angles, and other cast-in items as indicated on shop drawings. Locate hoisting devices to permit removal after erection. Cure elements to develop concrete quality, and to minimize appearance blemishes such as non-uniformity, staining, or surface cracking. Minor patching in plant is acceptable, providing structural adequacy and appearance of elements is not impaired.

2.5

FABRICATION TOLERANCES A. B. C. D. Maximum Out of Square: 3 mm in 3 m, non-cumulative. Variation From Dimensions Indicated on Shop Drawings: Plus or minus 3 mm. Maximum Misalignment of Anchors and Inserts: 3 mm. Maximum Bowing of Elements: Length of bow/360.

PART 3 - EXECUTION 3.1. EXAMINATION AND PREPARATION A. B. C. D. Verify site conditions. Ensure that erection conditions are satisfactory. Check slopes and levels required for proper installation. Verify that building structure, anchors and devices are ready to receive the Work of this Section. Provide for erection procedures and induced loads during erection. Maintain temporary bracing in place until final support is provided. Provide necessary hoisting equipment.
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3.2.

ERECTION A. B. C. D. E. Erect elements without damage to shape or finish. Replace or repair damaged panels. Erect elements level and plumb within allowable tolerances. Align and maintain uniform horizontal and vertical joints as erection progresses. Where required, fasten and/or weld elements in place. accordance with AWS D1.1. Perform welding in

Touch-up field welds and scratched or damaged galvanized surfaces.

3.3.

ERECTION TOLERANCES A. B. C. Maximum Variation from Plane of Location: 2 mm/m and 3 mm in 30 m, non-cumulative. Maximum Offset from True Alignment Between Two Connecting Elements: 6 mm. Joint Tolerance: Plus or minus 6 mm.

3.4.

ADJUSTING AND PROTECTION A. B. Adjust elements so that joint dimensions are within tolerances. Protect elements from damage. END OF SECTION

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