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The Gandhian notion of work as noble and as an end in itself is not the prevalent view of work in India today. In the West, work is often a central theme in self-definition. One expects to meet not merely physical needs for shelter and security from work, but seeks to capture higher level benefits in terms of job satisfaction, growth, and self-actualization. In an advanced industrialized economy it can be said that one lives to work. In India, where the pace of life is relatively slower and traditional values still predominate, one works to live. For an Indian, primary identity is based on family ties. Work and attendant material concerns come next. The value of work also differs sharply between the public and private sectors. In the public sector, which is typically over-staffed and where workers are assured of job security by politically powerful unions, work can be a charade. Workers in this sector often take inefficiency to new heights, and corruption is rampant in many situations. The state-owned Indian Airlines is a good case in point. Prior to liberalization, there was hardly any competition for the state-owned domestic carrier. Inefficiency in the form of delays and poor service were the norm, with little recourse for the flying public. Work, for the state employees, was a necessary and unpleasant evil, and the public experienced that insolence in every aspect of service that was, or was not, provided. This is the best information about ias exam. Today, as part of the liberalization program, domestic air routes have been gradually opened to competition from other domestic carriers in the private sector. The privatization move has had a noticeable impact on service and attitude to work in the State-owned airline. Feeling the sting of better-run competitors like Jet Airways, the state carrier has turned itself around in a remarkably short time to provide more competitive service. Even this new respect for diligence may be too late as the government has sought to sell the carrier to one of the major global airlines. More information about ias exam is available on our official site. Private-sector airlines train and motivate employees to provide good service and they work hard to keep to on-time scheduling. The attitude toward work in Indias newly emergent private sector is closer to the Western attitude, in the sense that employees are well-compensated. In the case of service industries, employees receive incentives to provide good service. In other situations employees are motivated by the need to meet higher levels of service requirements as in the West. As key sectors of the economy are privatized and the country is opened to foreign competition, the attitude towards work is likely to change and perhaps even converge with Western standards. For an Indian, primary identity is based on family ties. In Indian society, subordinates are expected to defer to the wishes of those in superior positions in the organizational hierarchy. Team work is not the norm.