ALGEBRA PROJECT

UNIT 7

SOLVING SYSTEMS
OF
LINEAR EQUALITIES
SOLVING SYSTEMS
OF
LINEAR EQUALITIES
AND
INEQUALITIES
Lesson 1 Graphing Systems of Equations
Lesson 2 Substitution
Lesson 3 Elimination Using Addition and Subtraction
Lesson 4 Elimination Using Multiplication
Lesson 5 Graphing Systems of Inequalities
 GRAPHING
SYSTEMS OF EQUATIONS
Example 1 Number of Solutions
Example 2 Solve a System of Equations
Example 3 Write and Solve a System of Equations
Use the graph to determine whether the system has
no solution, one solution, or infinitely many solutions.

Answer: Since the graphs of and

are parallel, there are no solutions.
Use the graph to determine whether the system has
no solution, one solution, or infinitely many solutions.

Answer: Since the graphs of and

are intersecting lines, there is
one solution.
Use the graph to determine whether the system has
no solution, one solution, or infinitely many solutions.

Answer: Since the graphs of and

coincide, there are infinitely
many solutions.
Use the graph to determine whether each system has
no solution, one solution, or infinitely many solutions.
a.

Answer: one

b.

Answer: no solution

c.

Answer: infinitely many

Graph the system of equations.
Then determine whether the
system has no solution, one
solution, or infinitely many
solutions. If the system has one
solution, name it.

Answer:

The graphs of the equations coincide. There are infinitely

many solutions of this system of equations.
Graph the system of equations.
Then determine whether the
system has no solution, one
solution, or infinitely many
solutions. If the system has one
solution, name it.

Answer:
The graphs of the equations are parallel lines. Since they do
not intersect, there are no solutions of this system of
equations.
Graph the system of equations. Then determine whether the
system has no solution, one solution,
or infinitely many solutions. If the system has one solution,
name it.
a.

Answer:
one; (0, 3)
Graph the system of equations. Then determine whether the
system has no solution, one solution,
or infinitely many solutions. If the system has one solution,
name it.
b.

Answer:
no solution
Bicycling Tyler and Pearl went on a 20-kilometer bike ride
that lasted 3 hours. Because there were many steep hills on
the bike ride, they had to walk for most of the trip. Their
walking speed was 4 kilometers per hour. Their riding
speed was 12 kilometers per hour. How much time did they
spend walking?
Words You have information about the amount of time
spent riding and walking. You also know the rates
and the total distance traveled.
Variables Let the number of hours they rode and
the number of hours they walked. Write a system of
equations to represent the situation.
Equations
The number of the number of the total number of
hours riding plus hours walking equals hours of the trip.

r + w = 3
The distance the distance the total distance of
traveled riding plus traveled walking equals the trip.

12r + 4w = 20
Graph the equations and .

The graphs appear to intersect at the point with the

coordinates (1, 2). Check this estimate by replacing
r with 1 and w with 2 in each equation.
Check

Answer: Tyler and Pearl walked for 3 hours.

Alex and Amber are both saving
money for a summer vacation. Alex
has already saved $100 and plans to
save $25 per week until the trip.
Amber has $75 and plans to save $30
per week. In how many weeks will
Alex and Amber have the same
amount of money?
Answer: 5 weeks
number of weeks
amount of money saved
SUBSTITUTION
Example 1 Solve Using Substitution
Example 2 Solve for One Variable, Then Substitute
Example 3 Dependent System
Example 4 Write and Solve a System of Equations
Use substitution to solve the system of equations.

Since substitute 4y for x in the second equation.

Second equation

Simplify.
Combine like terms.

Divide each side by 15.

Simplify.
Use to find the value of x.
First equation

Simplify.

Answer: The solution is (20, 5).

Use substitution to solve the system of equations.

Answer: (1, 2)
Use substitution to solve the system of equations.

Solve the first equation for y since the coefficient of y is 1.

First equation
Subtract 4x from each side.
Simplify.
Find the value of x by substituting for y in the
second equation.
Second equation

Distributive Property
Combine like terms.
Add 36 to each side.
Simplify.

Divide each side by 10.

Simplify.
Substitute 5 for x in either equation to find the value of y.

First equation

Simplify.

Subtract 20
from each side.

Answer: The solution is (5, –8).

The graph verifies
the solution.
Use substitution to solve the system of equations.

Answer: (–3, 2)
Use substitution to solve the system of equations.

Solve the second equation for y.

Second equation
Subtract x from each side.
Simplify.
Substitute for y in the first equation.
First equation

Distributive Property
Simplify.
The statement is false. This means there are no
solutions of the system of equations. This is true because the
slope-intercept form of both equations show that the equations
have the same slope, but different y-intercepts. That is, the
graphs of the lines are parallel.
Answer: no solution
Use substitution to solve the system of equations.

Answer: infinitely many solutions

Gold Gold is alloyed with
different metals to make it hard
enough to be used in jewelry. The amount of gold present in a
gold alloy is measured in 24ths called karats. 24-karat gold is
or 100% gold. Similarly, 18- karat gold is or
75% gold. How many ounces of 18-karat gold should be added
to an amount of 12-karat gold to make 4 ounces of 14-karat
gold?
Let the number of ounces of 18-karat gold and
the number of ounces of 12-karat gold. Use the table
to organize the information.
18-karat gold 12-karat gold 14-karat gold
Total Ounces x y 4

Ounces of Gold

The system of equations is and

Use substitution to solve this system.
First equation
Subtract y from each side.
Simplify.

Second equation

Distributive Property
Combine like terms.

Subtract 3 from each side.

Simplify.

Multiply each side by –4.

Simplify.
 First equation

Subtract from each side.

Simplify.

Answer: ounces of the 18-karat gold and ounces

of the 12-karat gold should be used.

Chemistry Mikhail needs a 10 milliliters of 25% HCl
(hydrochloric acid) solution for a chemistry experiment.
There is a bottle of 10% HCl solution and a bottle of 40%
HCl solution in the lab. How much of each solution should
he use to obtain the required amount of 25% HCl solution?

Answer: 5mL of 10% solution, 5mL of 40% solution

 ELIMINATION
USING
ADDITION and SUBTRACTION
Example 1 Elimination Using Addition
Example 2 Write and Solve a System of Equations
Example 3 Elimination Using Subtraction
Example 4 Elimination Using Subtraction
Use elimination to solve the system of equations.

Since the coefficients of the x terms, –3 and 3, are additive

inverses, you can eliminate the x terms by adding the
equations.
Write the equation in column form
and add.
Notice that the x value is eliminated.

Divide each side by –2.

Simplify.
Now substitute –15 for y in either equation to find the value of
x.
First equation
Replace y with –15.
Simplify.
Add 60 to each side.
Simplify.

Divide each side by –3.

Simplify.
Answer: The solution is (–24, –15).
Use elimination to solve the system of equations.

Answer: (2, 1)
Four times one number minus three times another number is
12. Two times the first number added to three times the
second number is 6. Find the numbers.
Let x represent the first number and y represent the second
number.
Four times three times
one number minus another number is 12.

4x – 3y = 12
Two times three times
the first number added to the second number is 6.

2x + 3y = 6
Use elimination to solve the system.
Write the equation in column form
and add.
Notice that the y value is eliminated.

Divide each side by 6.

Simplify.
Now substitute 3 for x in either equation to find the
value of y.
First equation
Replace x with 3.
Simplify.
Subtract 12 from each side.
Simplify.

Divide each side by –3.

Simplify.
Answer: The numbers are 3 and 0.
Four times one number added to another number is
–10. Three times the first number minus the second number is
–11. Find the numbers.

Answer: –3, 2
Use elimination to solve the system of equations.

Since the coefficients of the x terms, 4 and 4, are the same, you
can eliminate the x terms by subtracting the equations.
Write the equation in column form
and subtract.
Notice that the x value is eliminated.

Divide each side by 5.

Simplify.
Now substitute 2 for y in either equation to find the
value of x.
Second equation

Simplify.
Add 6 to each side.
Simplify.

Divide each side by 4.

Simplify.
Answer: The solution is (6, 2).
Use elimination to solve the system of equations.

Answer: The solution is (2, –6).

Multiple-Choice Test Item
If and what is the value of y?
A (3, –8) B3 C –8 D (–8, 3)

Read the Test Item

You are given a system of equations, and you are
asked to find the value of y.
Solve the Test Item
You can eliminate the y terms by subtracting one equation from
the other.
Write the equation in column form
and subtract.
Notice that the y value is eliminated.

Divide each side by 14.

Simplify.
Now substitute 3 for x in either equation to solve for y.
First equation

Simplify.
Subtract 24 from each side.
Simplify.
Notice that B is the value of x and A is the solution of the system
of equations. However, the question asks for the value of y.

Answer: C
Multiple-Choice Test Item
If and what is the value of x?
A4 B (4, –4) C (–4, 4) D –4

Answer: D
 ELIMINATION
USING
MULTIPLICATION
Example 1 Multiply One Equation to Eliminate
Example 2 Multiply Both Equations to Eliminate
Example 3 Determine the Best Method
Example 4 Write and Solve a System of Equations
Use elimination to solve the system of equations.

Multiply the first equation by –2 so the coefficients of

the y terms are additive inverses. Then add
the equations.
Multiply by –2.

Add the equations.

Divide each side by –1.

Simplify.
Now substitute 9 for x in either equation to find the
value of y.
First equation

Simplify.
Subtract 18 from each side.
Simplify.

Answer: The solution is (9, 5).

Use elimination to solve the system of equations.

Answer: (5, 1)
Use elimination to solve the system of equations.

Method 1 Eliminate x.
Multiply by 3.
Multiply by –4.
Add the equations.
Divide each side
by 29.
Simplify.
Now substitute 4 for y in either equation to find x.
First equation

Simplify.
Subtract 12 from each side.
Simplify.

Divide each side by 4.

Simplify.
Answer: The solution is (–1, 4).
Method 2 Eliminate y.
Multiply by 5.
Multiply by 3.
Add the equations.
Divide each side
by 29.
Simplify.
Now substitute –1 for x in either equation.
First equation

Simplify.
Add 4 to each side.
Simplify.

Divide each side by 3.

Simplify.
Answer: The solution is (–1, 4), which matches
the result obtained with Method 1.
Use elimination to solve the system of equations.

Answer: (4, –1)

Determine the best method to solve the system of equations.
Then solve the system.

•For an exact solution, an algebraic method is best.

•Since neither the coefficients for x nor the
coefficients for y are the same or additive
inverses, you cannot use elimination using addition
or subtraction.
•Since the coefficient of the x term in the first
equation is 1, you can use the substitution
method. You could also use the elimination
method using multiplication.
The following solution uses substitution.
First equation
Subtract 5y from each side.
Simplify.
Second equation

Distributive Property

Combine like terms.

Subtract 12 from each side.

Simplify.

Divide each side by –22.

Simplify.
 First equation

Simplify.
Subtract 5 from each side.
Simplify.

Answer: The solution is (–1, 1).

Determine the best method to solve the system of equations.
Then solve the system.

Answer: The best method to use is elimination using

subtraction because the coefficient of y is the same in
both equations; (3, 5).
Transportation A fishing boat travels 10 miles downstream in
30 minutes. The return trip takes the boat 40 minutes. Find
the rate of the boat in still water.

Let the rate of the boat in still water. Let the rate
of the current. Use the formula rate × time distance,
or Since the rate is miles per hour, write 30
minutes as hour and 40 minutes as hour.
 r t d

Downstream 10

Upstream 10

This system cannot easily be solved using substitution.

It cannot be solved by just adding or subtracting
the equations.
The best way to solve this system is to use elimination using
multiplication. Since the problem asks for b, eliminate c.
 Multiply by .

Multiply by .

Add the
equations.
Multiply each
side by

Simplify.
Answer: The rate of the boat is 17.5 mph.
Transportation A helicopter
travels 360 miles with the
wind in 3 hours. Te return trip
against the wind takes the
helicopter 4 hours. Find the rate
of the helicopter in still air.

Answer: 102.5 mph

 GRAPHING
SYSTEMS OF INEQUALITIES
Example 1 Solve by Graphing
Example 2 No Solution
Example 3 Use a System of Inequalities to Solve
a Problem
Example 4 Use a System of Inequalities
Solve the system of inequalities by graphing.

Answer:
The solution includes the ordered
pairs in the intersection of the
graphs of and
The region is shaded in
green. The graphs
and are boundaries of
this region. The graph
is dashed and is not included in the
graph of . The graph
of is included in
the graph of
Solve the system of inequalities by graphing.

Answer:
Solve the system of inequalities by graphing.

Answer:
The graphs of and
are parallel lines.
Because the two regions have no
points in common, the system of
inequalities has no solution.
Solve the system of inequalities by graphing.

Answer: Ø
Service A college service organization requires that its
members maintain at least a 3.0 grade point average, and
volunteer at least 10 hours a week.
Graph these requirements.
Words The grade point average is at least 3.0. The
number of volunteer hours is at least 10 hours.
Variables If the grade point average and
the number of volunteer hours, the following
inequalities represent the requirements of the
service organization.
Inequalities The grade point average is at least 3.0.

The number of volunteer hours is at least 10.

Answer:
The solution is the set of
all ordered pairs whose
graphs are in the
intersection of the graphs
of these inequalities.
The senior class is sponsoring a blood drive. Anyone who
wishes to give blood must be at least 17 years old and
weigh at least 110 pounds. Graph these requirements.

Answer:
Employment Jamil mows grass after school but his job only
pays $3 an hour. He has been offered another job as a library
assistant for $6 per hour. Because of school, his parents allow
him to work 15 hours per week. How many hours can Jamil
mow grass and work in the library and still make at least $60
per week?
Let the number of hours spent mowing grass and
the number of hours spent working in the library. Since g
and both represent a number of days, neither can be a negative
number. The following system of inequalities can be used to
represent the conditions of this problem.
The solution is the set of all ordered pairs whose graphs
are in the intersection of the graphs of these inequalities.
Only the portion of the region in the first quadrant is used
since and .
Answer:

Any point in the region is a

possible solution. For
example (2, 10) is a point
in the region. Jamil could
mow grass for 2 hours and
work in the library for 10
hours during the week.
Emily works no more than
20 hours per week at two
jobs. Her baby-sitting job
pays $3 an hour and her
job as a cashier at the
bookstore pays $5 per
hour. How many hours
can Emily work at each
job to earn at least $80 per
week?

Answer:

number of hours baby sitting

number of hours working as a cashier
THIS IS THE END
OF THE SESSION
BYE!