SECTION 16452 GROUNDING 00000000PART 1 - GENERAL 1.1 DESCRIPTION: A. B. 1.

2 The Work shall consist of furnishing and installation of the grounding system as shown on the drawings and specified herein. This work shall include grounding for power and grounding for telecommunication.

REFERENCES: A. SASO Saudi Arabian Standards Organization SASO 981-986 SASO 1270 Electrical installations of buildings (all parts) Electrical installations of buildings: Part 5: Selection and erection of electrical equipment - Chapter 54: Earthing arrangements and protective conductors. Earthing electrodes Methods of testing earthing electrodes Electrical installations of buildings - Part 7: Requirements for special installation or locations - Section 707: Earthing requirements for the installation of data Protection of structures against lightning - Part 1: General principles - Section 1: Guide A. Section of protection levels for lightning protection systems

SASO 1486 SASO 1487 SASO 1357

SASO 1614

B.

IEC - International Electro-technical Commission IEC 60364 IEC 60364-5-54 Electrical installations of buildings (all parts) Earthing arrangement and protective conductors

C.

NFPA - National Fire Protection Association NFPA 70 NFPA 780 National Electrical Code Lightning Protection Code

D.

UL - Underwriters Laboratories, Inc. UL 467 UL 486A Electrical Grounding and Bonding Equipment Wiring connectors and Soldering Lugs for With Copper Conductors
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UL 486B UL 869 E.

Wire Connectors for Use With Aluminum Conductors Service Equipment

IEEE - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers IEEE 81 Guide for Measuring Earth Resistivity, Ground Impedance, and Earth Surface

F.

BS British Standards Institute BS 6651 BS 7671 Protection of Structures against lightning IEE Wiring Regulations

G.

TIA/EIA TIA/EIA J-STD-607-A Commercial Building Grounding and Bonding Requirements for Telecommunications

1.3

SUBMITTALS: A. B. C. Shop Drawings: Showing the location of system grounding electrode connections and the routing of grounding electrode conductor. Test Reports: Certified test reports of ground resistance. Product Data and Material Samples.

1.4

QUALITY ASSURANCE: A. Materials and equipment together with method of installation shall comply in all respects with SASO, IEC and IEE Regulations for Electrical Installations, latest edition and other applicable Codes and Standards specified herein. Telecommunication Grounding shall follow TIA/EIA J-STD-607-A.

B.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS 2.1 MATERIALS: A. GROUND CABLE: 1. Ground cables shall be soft drawn, bare stranded copper wire conforming to IEC 228, or insulated stranded copper wire conductor cable, as shown on the drawings. The grounding cable shall have a minimum section in accordance with SASO, IEC or NEC 250 and in no case smaller than 2.5 mm (AWG 12).

B.

GROUND RODS
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Unless otherwise indicated on Drawings, ground rods shall be copper cladded steel with high strength steel core and electrolytic-grade copper outer sheath, molten welded to core, 19 mm diameter rods, furnished in 3.00 meters length. Ground rods shall be driven with a cap and driven stud. Ground conductors shall be laid with slack and buried to a minimum depth of 600 mm below grade. TNS SYSTEM

C. 1.

As shown on Drawings, grounding system outside building shall be TNC system and inside building shall be TNS system. TNS system should have only one point which is directly connected to earth. This point shall be at the service entrance which is the main low voltage power panel. From that point the neutral and the protective earth conductors must be separated and not be mixed together at any point of the secondary distribution system..

PART 3 - EXECUTION 3.1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS: A. The complete grounding system shall be mechanically and electrically continuous and of durable construction, providing an independent current return path of low resistance to ground sources. Tees and straight through joints in copper strip should be made either by riveting and sweating, welding or brazing. Where connections between dissimilar metals must be made, these should be protected by painting over with a moisture resisting bituminous paint or compound, or by wrapping with a protective tape to exclude moisture. Bolted connections shall be of the multiple bolt type. Bolts, washers and stop nuts shall be of high copper alloy, everdur, durium, duronze or silicon bronze. Ferrous hardware will not be accepted.

B. C.

D.

3.2

GROUND RODS AND GROUND CABLE: A. B. Ground rods shall be driven with a cap driving stud. The ground conductors shall be laid with slack and buried to a minimum depth of 600 mm below grade. All ground cable shall be carefully handled when installed to avoid kinking or cutting the conductors. All parts of the grounding system shall be protected against damage during construction. 1. 2. Ground conductors shall not be embedded in equipment foundations. Exposed grounding conductors shall follow the contours of the surface over which they pass. Diagonal runs shall be avoided. The runs shall be horizontal, vertical and parallel, and securely fastened to the mounting surface without slack using galvanized malleable iron straps.

C.

Splices and Taps:

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1.

Conductors shall contain a minimum number of splices throughout each run. Grounding conductors, splices and taps shall be made by the exothermicweld process. The instructions of manufacturer shall be obtained and followed in welding connections. Particular care shall be taken to use the correct size and type of mold and size of cartridge for each combination of conductors. Where a cross connection is required, it shall be made with two T-connections spaced not less than 457 mm apart. Connections of cable to ground rod shall also be exothermic-welded. All ground cables shall be thoroughly cleaned with wire brush at connections before welding. All welded joints shall be checked and inspected by the Engineer before being covered. Molds shall not be used to make more than the maximum number of joints recommended by manufacturer, or when otherwise unsuitable for further service.

2.

3.3

TERMINAL CONNECTIONS: A. Connections of ground conductors to conduits shall be made with copper clamps or straps or by grounding bushings. Ground connections to piping shall generally be welded or brazed. Non-conductive protective coatings such as paint or enamel on the conduits or fittings shall be removed from the threads or contacts surfaces before attaching grounding connection. After ground connection is attached, any exposed bare-metal shall be covered again with a coating matching the original coating.

3.4

EQUIPMENT GROUNDING: A. Equipment grounding shall consist of connecting all non-current carrying metallic parts of the electrical mechanical installation to the grounding sources. Comply with SASO 1270, IEC 60364-5-54 or NEC Article 250 for sizes and quantities of equipment ground conductors, except where larger sizes or more conductors are indicated. Non-current carrying metallic parts of the electrical installation shall include such items as metal conduits, raceways, outlet boxes, cabinets, panel board, transformers/switchgear, exposed metal parts of apparatus, and other electrical equipment, protecting or shielding electrical equipment from direct access by unauthorized personnel. The series grounding of one piece of equipment to another will not be permitted. All equipment grounding connections shall be tapped from the applicable ground/source. Ground continuity conductors other than metallic conduits, trunking and cable armor shall consist of a special green colored insulated copper conductor, size as shown on the drawings. Computer and other electronic and communication equipment shall be grounded to an equipment earth which will be run separately to the building ground and will be connected to the main ground bar.

B.

C.

D.

E.

3.5

GROUNDING OF VARIOUS METAL COMPONENTS A. Ground all extraneous metalwork such as steel structure, concrete reinforcement, ducting, piping, suspended ceiling grids, enclosures, doors, grilles, barriers and other metal components of building.
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3.6

GROUNDING CONDUCTOR: A. A separate green-yellow colored insulated grounding conductor shall be installed in all conduits and raceways. Sizes shall be as per SASO 1270, IEC 60364-5-54 or as shown on the drawings

3.7

GROUNDING OF MOTORS: A. Motors shall be grounded by connecting a green-yellow colored conductor from a grounding bushing in the starter or isolating switch to the motor frame. The conductor shall be run together with the circuit wiring and terminated in the motor connection box provided the latter is mechanically connected to the frame. If this is not feasible, the grounding conductor shall be extended through an insulated bushed opening in the connection box and connected to the motor base.

3.8

TELECOMMUNICATION GROUNDING A. All telecommunication rooms shall be interconnected with a complete system of grounding wires and grounding busbar including: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Telecommunication Main Grounding Busbar (TMGB) for the main Telecommunication room and entrance room. Telecommunication Busbar (TGB) for every Telecommunication room. Telecommunication Bonding Backbone (TBB) connecting all TMGB and TGB. Bonding conductor to metallic parts and to main electrical grounding busbar. Grounding Equalizer (GE) a. b. Minimum size for telecommunication wire in copper 6 mm. Sizing of the telecommunication Bonding Backbone (TBB) shall follow the TIA/ EIA J-STD-607-A as follows: TBB Length (mm) 4-6 6-8 8-10 10-13 13-16 16-20 Greater than ~20 c. d. TBB Size (mm) 16 25 35 35 50 50 95

All materials of busbar and conductors shall be copper. Conductor can be insulated with green color. The sizing and drilling of the busbar shall follow the details as indicated in TIA/EIA J-STD-607-A and as shown in the detail drawing. Busbar shall be factory predrilled.

3.9

TESTING:
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Contractor shall measure the ground resistance of the ground well of the completely driven ground rod at each location before connecting it to the ground grid. Upon completion of the entire grounding system of the site, including all necessary connections and backfilling, Contractor shall measure the ground resistance at a location designated by the Engineer. Measurement shall be made with ground tester. All measurements and tests shall be witnessed by the Engineer. An acceptable grounding resistance shall not be more than 3 ohm computer equipment and 5 ohms for general building grounding. If test measurements exceed this value, the Contractor shall install and connect additional ground rods as directed by the Engineer until this value is obtained. END OF SECTION

B.

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