About the highest good. Gustav Theodor Fechner. Leipzig, in 1846. Printed and published by Breitkopf and Hartel.

I. Among the greatest good I mean the ultimate goal, to all thought and action, imagination of people to hinzielen, not only of the individual but also in relation to which all the people will unite. Same with the determination of the highest moral principle is also determined. It has sought to take this highest good as the actions directed at it under different expressions, as: God will act, be like God, knowing God, loving God, reasonable act naturally act, feel as a member of the (organic) whole, which one belongs, in the sense and to the preservation act thereof; fulfill the true destiny of man, meet the true destiny of the things act for his own pleasure, act for others pleasure greatest possible sensual pleasure, greatest possible spiritual pleasure, quiet pleasure, moving like search, and what is more like. In most of these formulas is not immediately clear what should be said that, for what is called God act to will God be like, dear God, what is a matter of reason, which is, of course, what is the meaning of the whole, the you belong to? etc. Perhaps all want this Prinzipe virtually the same, each merely in a different language, so surely all want virtually the same because all of the existing morality, been everywhere and at all times the same essentially, not to make the existing morality to them and there are attempts to crowd the entire contents into a sharp tip. But that's not the right tip that still bears a self-analysis, even necessary, and this is true of most of those Prinzipe. Closer considered to show only with principles of pleasure or bliss, as they are called, immediately clear and understandable, for what pleasure, happiness, what more, what less desire, happiness, everyone feels directly, only via the means you can fight, while at the expression itself to the rest of the matter to the media can not argue. But just relations with principles of lust you have set aside, preferably having contempt, like the word itself has won a nasty tone in morals. Nevertheless, it is again a principle of pleasure or happiness, which lays down the following, a principle which is located in the points differs from the previous one only in that it does not share their one-sidedness by linking it the same I do. The desire seems to me to be after all of the stone that is rejected by the builders, that he had once become the cornerstone. It applies, however, to place him on the wide side, and you always have just the edges or sides of the narrow envisaged, because of course they cut more into view. The moral doctrine itself seems to me to be a tall woman, with a serious dark garb,

but a face that glows from lust, shines above all of humanity out into a higher world lit up. It applies only to collect also the view up to the level of her face, rather than attach it to the dark folds of her dress, to look less to their feet, with which they mercilessly crushes every flower that grows in their way, as to their hands, from which, then cometh the blessing to all like seeds that sprout on earth, until the seeds.
II

Consider the accepted principles of morality, as: was moderate, chaste, just, true, benevolent, eight other lives and property, the authorities and the law is obedience, faith, hope and love wearing to something divine, etc., we will not find that the effect would not be observed to maintain the state of pleasure, the happiness of mankind as a whole, so far to secure the individual down, to promote. It is the rules that is secured in the deepest foundations by their common adherence to the pleasure the human condition, even after the most general relations, there are roots that certainly losgehauen in Schober of the system betrayed nothing of lust thereof: but in the garden of life of look them up, they really carry the corolla of lust, and he knows in that they are only there to support this, and finally called lazy everything that moves and does not sap power in pursuit of the crown. Only they can tell whether the roots themselves are good. As with all foundations, it is easier to recognize the importance of moral principles as such if, instead of looking at what is, as long as they are, pay attention to what collapses when they plunge themselves. How, then it would stand around the like state of the world, if those rules cease to be valid, be safe in a world where no law of moderation prevailed, none could trust the words of others, none of his property, his wife, his life would be , more to arrange any laws and magistrates life, curb to get into secure paths vermchten, no faith, no love, no hope under management to something divine, as standing in a world in which only one of these rules would become lazy, not would follow at least on average? And who does deny that, if these rules are followed by all and everywhere, the happiness, the pleasure would be vorbedingt so general and certainly in the world than it ever can be by people for people, for earthquakes and floods can certainly not be averted. Not averted, but even their damage are thereby changed for the better. On the ground, was laid waste by fire, storm or flood, building industriousness, order, harmony, law, reliance on aid increases, with the steeled by the evil force itself soon beautiful cities. The diseases that God sends people to bear on the leichetsten wearing her best and easiest natural cures that blends the best dimensions and always added. How, then, one can say that the rules on which all this depends simply unrelated to lust are? Of course, they do not care about this or that individual desire, not the desire just now here, now just now, and so the man who always equal the joy ready to cook in bowl with spoon and have the right or the flower closes on want to grab thin stems, they do not care about the lust thereof while the truth is this: take care of them, not to the individual desire, because they care about the desire of the whole as a whole; worry about what fills all the bowls and spoons and re-fills, take care of the ground,

the wide and far at the same time motivated by a desire of all pleasure. But so it is, the harder a house rests in its foundations, the more inclined is the superficial view, to fail to recognize the benefits of the foundation itself, because the house then the more seems to stand on its own, however, the deeper aspiring views, attracted by the size and dignity of the foundations, on the other hand the house as a gambling only slightly and starts groping the same ingredient to consider. Despised the one the great principles of human desire and tears stones out to fancy houses that will blow round the next wind to build on sand, the other despised the Lustbau yourself and say people are buried in the cellars of the foundations. And not just simply unrelated, even hostile to appear like the glimpse the moral principles. Do not scare most, like seeking to meet them on the way! And of course they put the barriers like everywhere, but we see further down, we find as the only principle of these barriers but only that, in order to limit the growth of single moments of pleasure in the whole sake of it. Thus, the law of temperance attracts the people's cup semi-drunk at the mouth away, but just so he does not lose the power of the widow lkrglein, with the provided him the nature for you; every failure is only a Adjourn the desire to make their to receive power and resources and strengthen. The law of property represents you the way, if you break into your neighbor's house or garden, going in his memory, long his boxes, but without this law would ever neither house nor garden, nor good fruit, nor Petite and useful in cases give and cabinets, each would each take, disturb and destroy. The earth itself bears luxuriant weeds, wild fruits and animals, but the whole pile of gardens, meadows and fields, which our eye delighted that nourishes our body, our last taste of everything that stands firmly and beautifully assembled in a secure life, blossomed and not designed from the ground but from this law. The law of charity means you take the dress out of your own barrier and contribute to your poorer neighbors, but why else than because it takes to cover a nakedness here, however, you're already covered over and over, because it was hanging idle and cold there now it looks alive what it was acted, for pleasure, and how it will be warm by warming up, so you share the pleasure that you give. The law of truth lays bare your nakedness with pain, but by transforming them into strengths. The child, who spared the rod through lies not win, by winning once the rope for it. Goes through all the moral principles individually, with no desire to another principle of reduction is found, as this intention to the pleasure as a whole. Only desire to win the coins, they command us to throw the penny pleasure; reap only a bushel of desire to make the smear of the massacre of pleasure, only the desire to destroy the pleasure they occur even with the threat of destruction opposite. Anything that helps to get pleasure as a whole and to promote, to reduce pain in the whole, is sacred to them, and will keep us holy offered by them. The heaviest burden and hardest punishment they impose on us, prevents or cures but only much heavier burden, even harsher punishment. The good in the world is like a rose bush in the garden. Children come and scold the thorny shrub, by seeing only the jealous guardian of the roses, the roses tear off to

fast verwelklichen wreath, and ravage the bush. You have not even had roses and again. Sinister men come and scold the transitory baubles of roses, they tear off in order to come under the feet, weave the crown of thorns around his head, and say that this is the eternal crown, and the blood that trickles from the thorns, the heavenly roses. They had not even earthly roses. Course, is a pioneered the examples of the thorn crown, but he took the thorns not from flowering bush, but placed the bloody crown from the head of humanity over on his own head. That walked the wreath of eternal crown and the blood in heavenly roses. Whoever the blood and wounds of only two heads to buy all of his single head, which has both into that traded a sense and in the sense of the greatest pleasure of all, but he who believes that God the rose bush I can grow that man the thorns and other pressures in the flesh who blasphemes God and his works. What man should do is to pray to lift to work, Given the garden to dig the sweat of his to choose wisely the bush to plant, to refine, to cultivate patience, to greet with hope the buds, boldly to pluck the roses when they are most beautiful blooms, with shouting, the cup and the dearest to wreaths thus, leading them to dance with the same garlanded neighbor pairs, and finally to praise God, the garden, the shrub, the rose, the vine, the girl and himself created him with the force of desire and lust for power. Smaller than those at work is not to be had in this world, the lust thereof: but the desire to work is able to bring the people themselves desire. The greatest pleasure will all have if all work in unity after the greatest of pleasure, each according to his powers and tools, and this is greatest not grow as the sum of those who interact do so, but how many times this sum by itself In such common costumes and action now takes each of the moral principles of another side helpful, encouraging, promoting, which does not menacing and commanding a. Each seems to require something else and want to than the others, but is one and only one in which all agree, this direction of the greatest of pleasure. There are sisters with different shapes, looks and sense ways, but collectively all act in the great tapestry of lust, each in a thread that runs through the universal and whole, the carpet will sit on the God his feet when he walks the world of change.
III.

What is so in all moral principles, all verknpfend, all binding finds, I now summarize in a general, primary, back again all rules of action off gebrendes, verknpfendes, binding, poling, measuring principle, which is now not merely reproduce the written rules, but to be thorough, formed in the innermost sense, the idea of the human heart to the smallest details and lowest life from him. Man should, so far as in him the greatest pleasure, to bring the greatest happiness in the world ever looking; looking to get into the whole of time and space. But reduce the pain is equally valid Mehren of pleasure.

The first major implication of this law is: the man is and educate others so that he gains the greatest possible pleasure in such costumes and acting, the greatest skill in it, and the greatest possible knowledge of what the good fortune the state of pleasure in the world promotes, which he is the best man at the same time as possible. Not that he would have needed to put his thoughts and actions with the word lust in relationship, but with the matter. Even without knowing that the moral principles go at the last crucial instance of pleasure, is but the good name that she has to follow lust and skill gained, and identify knows what the same is in each case within the meaning because he with this, the thing to think in terms of the greatest joys of the world and acts. Ever committed by anyone who acts in the interests of recognized moral principles necessary also in line with our principle, as those who act in line with our principle, coerced and is sure to act in the interests of moral principles, because even our principle only the general principle of this regulate itself. Those who believe that both could ever divorced, has misunderstood either the principle or the rules or both. It can serve both reciprocally, but to explain it. Only the principle goes further necessary as all individual rules from which it was derived, but even that develop only after individual directions and hereby can not cover the richness of life. After the channels are removed from the Duel of the principle of the whole thing, everyone can have his cup especially to come and draw from it, as it corresponds to his special needs. It is not merely by the moral, it ties the whole life to her. The truth is the idea of the beauty of the face, the hand Useful for the good. It holds the scales of justice over the country and shares the apple still between two children. It weaves the garment of the earth golden corn and blue flax and embroiders the people still in the flower of his garment.
IV

In connection therewith from the highest point is designed through which religion and morality, and thus linked to the life that God as Spirit, it was to the whole or the whole self, self pleasure is also in the promotion of like this through the whole situated in the same forces, return man calls it the best, that all the pain of the world it is itself only a means, once to witness higher pleasure, and that he has power and wisdom to sweep everything in this sense . Such a God is at once God and the best example of the best of men; judge is punishing the wicked, and yet in his sentence kind and gracious, provided that the punishment sooner or later, here or there, the people must turn for the better. According to this idea way, all bids, to the observance of the whole, the preservation and promotion of the happiness of the whole is preferably linked, ie, will now leave the general moral principles, preferably regarded as divine commandments. Conversely, if one sees by other reasons in the moral principles from the outset divine commandments, you will find by looking at their common sense that God's will really is asking to have the actions of people acting as well as the happiness of mankind

together. So the saying of our principles is to be regarded only as the general expression of the topmost divine commandment itself. And so we have no God who has the desire blinded in self-torment, and the sad face of his children and servants, like the hands that fold idle, instead of attacking vigorous in the great workshop of his lust, lust of cells in which the desire instead to restock and to landscape: but we have a God to whom we may look up with joy, because he delights in promoting our joy of the costumes after that not begrudge us, but calls as its own service from us; the leaves only the hand wither that has not moved to act in this way. We want to confirm this theory, we look out into God's world order. Is not all beings everywhere the striving implanted by lust! How could God be so self can disagree that he created a costume, which he condemned.Every individual wants the pleasure, and from the transmission of the individual we see everywhere institutions grow to some of all forces and to promote the pleasure of all, in state, church, family, law, and these forces as a lever punishment and reward, threat, and promise , warning and instruction work steadfastly and consistently in the same direction. It is a tireless costumes, always away from the targets, but always zustrebend this goal.God allows the evil eat through its consequences, and the good are growing through his seed, he built the sky with its stars above us, an infinite view for infinite hopes of a good thing, but it has ignited a torturous fire in the bosom of the sinner a spark dereinstiger hell that is already alerts us to the real one. All this man has not done, but with all this he was made by God. Why is there any pain, evil in the world? We do not know, and nobody knows it, they are there, they are there with God at the same time, we can not have God without it. One difficulty of understanding and mediating is here for every doctrine, hidden in everyone, not raised, by other words. All the same, however, whether pain, are evil by God or God despite there may, under the terms of the existence of any teaching to be better than what can destroy the evil by the evil and the good itself by multiple allocation of good, no better but also not true, because all the hints that we can draw from a higher world order from the Here and Now, go there, that this was their purpose and passage as a whole, applied here to accomplish there. Thereafter, everyone likes the faith of the God whose spirit prevails in this world order, the visitors put in his way. And so I'm considering my favorite rightly so, it was not both the current and current single desire of his nature, which God communicates himself as equal pleasure, and then he would not be more than the sum of its nature and had their pain as their desire to share, but what makes him feel like a continuation of the whole and of every individual is in this whole into a pleasurable end goals, or, if there is no end in the world to ever greater approximation to a pure, of his same bliss and increasing expansion of the area of this bliss. Therefore unpleasurable starts and detours in his world it may be quite as good as

pleasurable. You only double his lustful way. From all evil, all the pain in the world, he has to be pleasurable part thereof in improving, perfecting, healing, and only when he one unimproved, unskilful, unhealed could, he would even feel it with pain. So like any new emerging nature of the risk of physical and moral evil are, what it also half to deny it, it is so, but what is even created, is sure to be a good goals because God's own satisfaction in mind depends, finally the evil for good, to lead the good for the better. So the world is on the one hand abound in souls that come to the eternal lust closer, for the area of the same spreading more and more by learning more engaging pleasurable activity even in God, however, always appear backwards new souls from the First Cause as and has the infinity of his world and time and space for an infinite growth in the number and size of souls and bliss, and new beginnings for God and his creatures came closer to him already immortal work. Hell itself occurs only when the destruction of a wellspring of displeasure by a larger, resulting in a higher positive product of desire is in the general law of interacting negations one day. Precisely for this reason it can not be eternal, because she has pain beyond measure that must finally force the Baddest itself, then it is tried to ascend to heaven. So we have no God, who has an eternal hell for temporal sins, but one God, the great terror applies to avert greater terror to coerce and great bliss. A father punishes otherwise how else would God punish. In this way true God whom we ourselves would like to think eternally saved us, no time displeasure of his world, because no time like the same meet him, not the pedal, only the passage of pleasure in his world is the hilarious him; and yet it is that we want our joy and our suffering so much suggested everything innermost close, for his own pleasure depends on it to turn our pain, and what he likes to do and he can also, and this guarantees us dereinstige twist . Be it that she hesitates, God knows and sees and feels they advance as the musicians, the resolution of disharmony that lies in his idea, which is in his hand forward feels, and why he feels himself the disharmony as well, how The poet leads his hero with pleasure by all sorts of misfortunes, the good output in advance glad that he himself will give him. Every human being is such a hero to God, but this life is only an act of the whole, each person only a single voice of the music, but every vote must be performed well for themselves, otherwise the harmony of the whole senses the error. Is it not also a dowry of God's own feeling that others can find just as much pleasure the good people of the participation in the suffering than others, if only he also knows the joy of himself as a mediator, to turn this suffering into joy for him . But God feels as intermediaries to sweep all the suffering in the world in blessing. Now this is every suppose, according as it satisfies him. What must be established if our principle is to consist with God is that God is the work of his creatures for their own pleasure as a whole wants his commandments have this sense that he can act in this sense, reward and punishment here and there, and thereby finally all leads to follow these commandments, and hereby for their own good. To confirm this theory but combines the first and most cursory look at the costumes of all beings with the last and deepest views of the transition plan and the world order as a whole.

V.

With the established principle I disagree with the principles established by other principles of morality is not, I consider it merely as the last clearest interpretation thereof, even if it is, that the authors themselves do not admit this. Namely, a man followed this principle, it is God's will, God is like, God recognizes right, wins the love of God, there is all this both directly and indirectly in the specified combination of moral and religious principle, it is also reasonable because what could be more reasonable than any single action by a general maxim to refer to a whole, we have basically the Kantian principle, but filled with real content, it is naturally, because what is more on the surface of nature, as the costumes of all to lust and more in depth the same as the relationship of pleasure each with total lust, he acts as a link, within the meaning and for the preservation of the whole to which he belongs organically, because what better described the character of the organic link a link with the whole, as it simply for the sake of the whole Cast: he met his and the determination of things at the same time, or what we could think of a more beautiful and better provision than the things themselves, and to his happiness and all use, he finally joined the consideration for his pleasure, and all and any sort of pleasure at all. In fact, therein lies the essential difference of our pleasure principle from all earlier that there is no particular kind of pleasure or side before the other commands to aim from the outset, and thus is able to meet all needs. Not one's own pleasure, not the strange pleasure, not sensual, not the intellectual pleasure, not the present, not the future pleasure, not the pleasure of the good, not the desire of evil, not the quiet, not moving, not the extensively lasting, not the intense strong desire has in principle from the outset a preference. But its essence is that it sets the maximum of pleasure than to strive towards excellence, regardless of first, how, where, when, by what means. What desire is to have the advantage in any case, must earn it by their size and their consequences. But there are for any just like a place and a time that could be taken by any other with greater advantage, and the smallest sensual pleasure their body thus receives as well as the largest and the most spiritual; any pain even if they offered is, is offered hereby, provided it entails inclusion of its consequences a greater desire result in the world, than any pleasure in their place. The proper development of this maximum principle with respect to the nature of men and things, and the general and special circumstances to act under which, distributed, rules, measures, pleasure and pain selects at all so that all demands of the purest morality, the natural justice, the highest expediency, prudence are most satisfied by it. Laws as individual cases, even the means of knowledge of good and selfdetermination and their rights derive their authority from it. I can not develop this here in detail, and must give place some objections. The subject matter is great, but to see the direction of development already. Here the intention is merely to state the chief executive and the chief considerations. The former is in the previous, the latter should happen in the following, in the form of answering some objections which would rise first. Public lectures on this subject are determined to

enter into another.

VI.

No one will like and be able to deny that really the observance of moral principles or laws of God, the happiness of humanity is essentially bound, so that, as far as this happiness depends on the free actions of men, it with fortitude and general compliance those laws is also growing steadily and general. But sometimes it is what you generally can not be denied and likes, but to deny the special, sometimes they will say something casual to those laws is here to the core, made of the case. But even if it was only an incidental feature of the main thing, it would be a good, because it is a clear, while all other provisions given what action to take, are unclear. However, nothing prevents to see the main thing even in it, and it prevents not only nothing, but are the driving reasons for that because: first, the formal that it really capable of single, no further clarification is more vulnerable point yet, among the let these laws generally hold, hence the only one who is able to spread a direct clarity to conclusions, and secondly the substantive and practical, that hereby straight which is set as the aim of human action, followed anyway by itself all human action is, and what to make all of nature motives to action, will only set up so that it was all for one and the same time accessible. The first anlangend, we may say that all is not related to desire perspectives from which one else has tried to unite the moral principles, almost even more force and effort to their own clarification request, as in turn to clarify other things serve assets. Not true that our self-same principle also everything would be lit at once, but you do not need only to enlighten the principle itself yet, so it enlighten others. What God, what reason, what nature, what organic whole, which is determined, above any a priori another, hardly anyone is a very clear, so clear zipping end, opinion, all that can be either way, understand, and because it is or so can be understood, it will always be understood either way. In contrast with the pleasure which forms the core of our principle. No one can explain it, but by it in every consciousness is everywhere immediately demonstrable, is no misunderstanding about possible last resort. As surely someone feels its existence, as certainly it is also in the feelings of pleasure and displeasure existence differ, and so he will certainly distinguish them properly, because the truth of a distinctive feel and measure precisely coincides with their own existence. Of course, even God, nature, reason, determination are an eternal feast, but not as we think about, and the thousand different targets and inputs, which can find the human mind to those great fortresses, even as many beginnings of false starts it will always remain . Not only the more, the same has penetrated to the center and now looks about the whole thing is wrong, but the person is not a priori in this center, and you can not put him there through lust. The science is there to build it again firmly in the established reality in the idea before us, they can not go out as something of finished it. To the terms of pleasure but takes the mind from the outset even his attack point and

input. He is not like a house, but as the unzertrmmerbare stone for home, which can therefore serve just to build it by being always set afresh in a new order and form each other. Our principle is this block together with the plan of the building, and the entire Build it is always and ever be the same stone, which returns only a repetition of the first foundation stone, and God like the stone that closes the vault. You may not want to build houses with houses. In fact, the desire is the understanding something about Unanalysierbares, inexplicable, Some, Last, but simply because to divide by anything from him, at the same time the best gap and binder for him to justify because nothing, the best reason , because to explain by anything, the best light. Once the mind cleaned the concept of pleasure from all foreign ingredient, it lies before him a simple, bare, naked thing, because what someone still wants to testify of it, it's just something to and the like, not like that in the feelings of their itself and only in that we are immediately clear. Who would have ever felt like, which would clearly make no definition of what pleasure is, and who has felt it, which it is able to make any definition of clear, although we can say much about whose result it is and what it entails . While thus the mind with his chisel around works for free on their terms, with his lantern around lights in vain because he realizes that this is hard untouchable cuts himself in his chisel and begins to shine the light of his lantern, and finally realizes the self-luminous diamonds which simultaneously noblest and Unzerstrbarste it, and throws away his chisel and his lantern to henceforth to use the diamond instead of both. This diamond is the desire. By so desire defies digestion of their term, but it is in a no less Herself clearly demonstrable, traceable to its legality, vibrant, causal relationship with all that is and acts in the world. A diamond for the mind it is a vibrant heart for all life in the world, after all wires run together, and all of the leak again. Everything in heaven and earth, soul and body of man and other creatures is to create in the near future or ultimately related to their state of pleasure, and the greatest pleasure or conditions of the greatest pleasure, therefore, is at the same time, organize the world in a certain way. The small set of talks herewith the biggest task, namely, determines and safe, because each peak depends on certain fixed conditions. Throw someone a pile of rocks out and tell him arrange them to a wall, which enclose the largest possible area, it requires nothing more, he can arrange only to the ball. Of course, he must know that it is precisely the spherical shape, which is sufficient to the task differently ago, but what was there to mathematics? So also have the resources to meet the demands of our principle, nor particularly arising from the knowledge of the real nature of people and things, and thereto the principle has continued to develop. Such a shape is but driven forth also at this conclusion, the development urge the principle is also an urge to the nature of things and people to explore their depths up to, and so the inherently rigid concept of pleasure can but on its position in principle, the whole world of knowledge to draw alive in his territory. High above is the knowledge of the criminal and blessing power of the Divine commandments, deep down the importance of the insect and the worm, but even the knowledge of insect and worm, its susceptibility to pleasure and pain, its relationship to our pleasure and pain, its position to the whole of nature is not

indifferent for the unfolding of the principle into its terminal branches. But even more important than the reference, the knowledge has everything to pleasure, here is the one that has all action to do so. An integral and inseparable relation between the shoots, of which the arbitrary as the instinctive actions of beings depends, and pleasure and pain. There is no engine, it is not aimed to produce pleasure or to get to eliminate or prevent pain. It is usually sufficient to consider one of these equivalents. Although they will say, is not the will or rational instincts to just make the material, regardless of the determination by feelings of pleasure and pain; against the instinct that can not. - But we only see a closer look, we find the difference between the two in something else lying, is lying, that the will of the driving force for the pleasure which attends him as the instinct to a clear idea of what we want for the are willing to do, ties, the instinct to ambiguities of common sense so much one may distinguish between the two, although the nature knows no fixed boundary between them, in its relation to desire at least there is nothing to distinguish. All subjective and objective determinants of people to action, whatever name they always lead to which part of his nature they may be related, all his motives and purposes, close overtly or covertly, consciously or unconsciously, but always recognizable to the analyzing mind, the a reference to pleasure; yes it can be in the so indescribably varied motives and purposes of man nothing else than this reference to find common pleasure that one can not only see, if you do not want to see him, or desire only the understands pleasure of eating and drinking. This can be shown on closer inspection. We all main directions of human Trachtens by: what is it, what it's always been gone and still goes on today? On the Annehmliche and Beautiful, but what seemed to us agreeable and nice except if it gives us direct pleasure, - to the useful, but where there is a useful that do not could translate into near or distant means of pleasure or remedy of pain; - to truth, but has not God an innate satisfaction subject to the agreement and increase our knowledge, and does not have the knowledge to serve us, to teach us the nature of our sources of pleasure and their use: those who want the truth without one or the others are looking for and do not prefer to both sake, - to the good, but the inner conscience joy that is directly related to what is good, no desire, and is not very good therefore, more valuable than pleasant, beautiful, useful, true, that it carries everything together in his lap or on the basis that it is not certain, but all considerations of the greatest pleasure in the whole aim with the light. To deny this, one must first be able to refute what is said about the relationship of God's commandments to the happiness of mankind. Of course, the miser starves the other hand, benefit from each volunteer, and the Vicious adds another with diligence damage, so aversion to, the Truthful endure punishment, not to say an untruth, the martyrs can fry on a glowing grids. But would starve if he have money would not be pleasurable as eating, do the lawless harm if it did not please him, to harm others, carry the Truthful sake of truth penalty if the internal punishment for falsehood him the miser not yet seemed heavier, the martyrs

can fry if he was not afraid of falling off the shelves descending into hell fire and not hoped that the soul would ascend into the blessedness of heaven from the burned body.So only pleasure, pain as a purpose or motive to action, depending on whether one wants to believe it, and just getting the smaller from the larger, or whatever else shows up, the distant approach of the one outbid. It is only on what makes or promises any more detailed or pleasure or pain. Not in it so the best people differ from the worst that they acted less than they to feel like sake, but that they had pleasure in something else, namely pleasure in that which is itself pleasurable profitable or loss basing on the whole, the evil but to what is profitable or pain-founding of the whole. So of course there is also a big difference between the lower common desire of raw, sensual man and the higher spiritual pleasure of the nobles, not only will you find that the difference lies in the fact that it was merely a pleasure, not the other, but it is he that is a pleasure that rises in food, drink, games, but the other pleasure which rises in the creation and the knowledge producers desire to be, a transcendent pleasure that the lower can not disagree because they such requires. But our principle is not only what is already dark general purpose of human endeavor, as clear from the what and the purpose is to be the same, but it also speaks out as well as it should be the same purpose. People start with it all, her greatest desire to seek preferably in the next, and their own desire, but in the developed view of men and things shows that the greatest desire of individuals not just directly through working only on its own next pleasure, but only the greatest pleasure as a whole is reachable, that both can not be separated. This result, while the deepest taking consistently into the nature of human and divine and last things, is now in Prinzipe vornweg given to man to make it durchzubilden throughout life, and so what he wants from the start, it safely to leave, as when he with his own brief look, the look of the child or the savage, make it pursues. Now it is of course also necessary to do as much of the teaching of human, divine and last things that him the present also a valuable gift and appearing. But even before the principle accesses this support, it awakens by its mere utterance also been interested to follow it, and this is no small advantage in a commandments depend the whole value of his compliance. Preferably already is the people's pursuit of the next and own innate desire, yet it is not alone. As long as no conflict asserts itself administers the general instinct in him, desire to create ever not only on and but also to see, and now it is not only permitted, but commanded to create the best possible, and in itself in another one, and the more is only to show that what he would like to not separate, not really separates. Such a bid laughs at the people so happy that he wants to smile at happy again. Now the best and highest bid appears to him as the most welcome and beautiful. All unilateral desire Prinzipe not resolve the conflict between the inclinations of the people and thereby occur from the outset even in conflict with his common sense. A bid, suggesting it first or preferably on their own or sensual pleasure, it seems selfish, coarse, and one which only obliged to sacrifice for others pleasure or indicating mental pleasure, it seems unnatural to him and

empty. But a principle, which is the desire of one of the pleasure of all does not divide any pleasure at all the same rights, namely the fact that it gauging their right according to their contributions to the greatest of pleasure in the whole, combines the traction of all individual Prinzipe in itself without a return. So our principle wins in that it man the heart of all its purposes, detached from all shells, pure, clear, completely and fully lying down, by the beauty in which this is so, of course, the inclination of the people, these core also to maintain and to strive for the fulfillment of purpose. By the thick head of the nail is hit hard, the tip penetrates deepest. And this friendly face of the principle, which makes it all incites to follow him, but just only the invitation. Now it consists also far, as we said, in relation to the findings about the nature of human, divine and last things, and the deeper we penetrate there, the more powerful motives for developing its compliance. Thus, the principle, only just in the human, looking round, back to the moderating, thrifty, just, peaceable, charitable, industrious, law living God Relying, as his side health, affluence, peace, love, respect, honor, freedom, quiet conscience and rest falls into God, and on the other hand falls to the intemperate, dissolute, unrighteous, lazy, wicked, God despisers, as his side disease, poverty, strife, hatred, contempt, disgrace, imprisonment, corporal punishment, guilt. This all the more secure, the better become the whole human order themselves in line with the principle, in a bad order to the good is probably some reduced wage, the bad, evil worth much, but everywhere and at all times but the order of things is good been enough to run the average and on the whole the better and better the worse More severe, and if the justice initially limping walks behind the man who almost always they overtook him before the end of life. But what motive could induce the people to set up his walk more in the spirit of the exceptions than the rule! Too much suffering befalls the goodness of God: but the better man to better things as he turns his suffering and even more so to help others apply it to him. However, further and higher rises the view. How many and bitter may seem to us the exceptional cases of the justice here on earth, what has to again and confirmed the average and progress from the beginning of the world, is the clue to the plan, the system, the direction of the world order as a whole, the is not resolved with the here and now.Whoever did not believe that the system will set firmly and securely also find their safe execution and completion if the system is not yet the end. Here is the retribution often postponed because the large context otherwise between pushes, and yet remains threatening and more threatening and even punishing with this threat or rewarding with the prospect always forthcoming, it may be delayed even beyond this life, but by the step of us pursuing justice always greater than he who is ours, we will be the last major step that we do in life over the other, can not escape it, but they themselves will be the ones who, overtaking us and collectively, us the other world falls down or up wearing. I want to say, when the individual person as the context of the whole order of things here his wages or his sentence could not receive the death itself will be with there to put him under new conditions that make it possible. Someone puts a fruit here in the earth, and do her his own, so they will grow beyond

the earth to the sky and blossom and bear. Who will now ask what reward he would for what he does good in the earthly acquire, in heaven, we may have to go and say, was the seed and nurturing of the seed in the earth yours, so will the tree with all flowers and fruits of the earth about his once your. So great reward may some day wear, as the oak from a small acorn grows earthly. And so, like the nature of God as Pflanzgarten us who stand on the floor of the same garden, still give some nice characters. Such motives are the desire, which is to use our principle to its compliance. What is indicated here shortly, has continued to carry out the teaching. That it is just like what it is with all human action is a last resort and can act, is so true that even the teachers of morality, who are looking for the desire to keep as far away as possible from their systems, but not can help to reveal their motives but also in desire, except that they can only desire of all the highest peaks and summits will apply as if the highest heights and not rather lose stocks through to the roots of the earth losing base. Without the reference to the desire of conscience, joy to stand in agreement with God and eternal bliss if all morality is lame, helpless and vain indeed that they still remain even with this reference, it simply proves the fact that they are the Most even appears as a specter. And of course, makes the sweetest, kindest cut head only to fear. The moralists separate but in reality the head of the pleasure of her body, holding it out to us and say how beautiful it is! Yes it is beautiful, but others grew together with everything beautiful. In our sense of the joy of conscience, the right hand meaning in that it appears to be the best reward in desire that God has established here on earth to the best work for pleasure, as the spiritual reflection of all of us or even just broadcast broadcast gestrebten pleasure in pure round mirror-like focal point of our being united as a part of the divine desire itself, if indeed God is like attached to the same costumes as the desire of a wave that feels like a part of the source. The eternal bliss but gets its meaning in that it appears to be the desire pounds, which ausgetan of us into the world one day with all the usury that is taken, we will be repaid as property, and would not have proliferated here in spite of our work, it would make us God proliferate there to a higher rate of interest. The common morality but probably explains properly a reward in desire for the last and highest that can be us, but the desire for us is that pay for nothing. Has the desire there the highest value, why not here? The ordinary morality says: not taking care of the steps that are built to last and highest, because they are not the last and highest, but only to himself this We want the steps, and the top, the steps because they lead to the summit, and the summit because the costumes leads to him through the steps, and he himself is the highest, where we meet with God and his angels to the lower but with its lower beings but also of God.

VII

It will be said: the commandment to always seek only after the Largest, the desire, the unseen nature of them, put a comparable measure of all desire, whereby not find but such was. Already sensual and spiritual pleasure are incomparable with each other, and the sensory and spiritual areas in particular there was again the most diverse pleasure that have no common measure of size, at least not useful. But there is such, yes it is the most direct and most directly useful, what could be, because it leads directly to each person and understands immediately create. Not just one, but two complementary standards of pleasure there, a subjective, which we own the desire and an objective with which we measure the strange pleasure. That is in the immediate feelings between more and less of lust and attached to it stronger or weaker instinct; these in areas dependent on these feelings and impulses acts by which partly expressed desire, is partly aimed at. Both measure indiscriminately towards all desire. In fact, we can daily proof that all desire so diverse they may be, a common measure, has found in the fact that we prefer to see one the other day, and know themselves to be preferred. A boy will not find yourself at a loss to choose between an apple and a book, because it is there. Around sensual, here is intellectual pleasure or displeasure, as if he were in the same comparison would not know to find And how would the general barter of people with a passion means where everyone what he is less dear to giving what is dear to him train, and find a common scale in money if the different quality of pleasure comparing their Quantity prevented. We may say that for a principle which should be for the actions prevail, just not a level situated may be what is directly in the feelings, the evidence was acting and what is exposed by the actions themselves objectively from us rather . Errors can certainly happen under this measure, by retrofitting or anticipations not reproduce past or future pleasure in in their proper ratio value, or actions of others misinterpret. But the possibility of error should not cause you to throw away the means of the truth itself, but by increasing mindfulness to make it more secure us. A cubit, which measures properly by itself, there is nowhere, and must satisfy if it measures sharp, if it is created sharp. And not merely the comparison, but also the summation of the varied pleasure is the common people as well as possible. A day usually brings others pleasure and pain with it than the other, but the man will probably know what he spent the happiest of different days in the whole. Yes, the man has a very strange ability, all, also spaced pleasure or pain, which depends on one thing or act for ourselves or others, or whose condition it promises to be, to sum up in the emotions, and thus it creates the feeling of value of things and actions. What did that thing or be like, this is decisive for what promises to afford it. In this feelings of man can err, but what follows is again not that he reject this feeling, but always fine and proper forming and combining with other means available to it about.

VIII

It will be said: the established principle is a statement principle whose application falls impossible, or that it must do more harm than good when trying to apply. Any other case where it is necessary to act, brings with it other conditions that complicate conditions in the world to infinity, how can we establish a principle, which calls for the impossible, calculation or the calculation deceitful sanctioned, which in each case from would emerge this or that act of pleasure or pain, to decide whether one should act or not. I ask, first and foremost, however, if not what is here declared to be impossible, or rejected as a deceitful, happens every day and is well told. When people have traded each other than with respect to the expected legal consequences of their actions and the effect of these actions on their happiness and unhappiness, and if they are wrong this day, it is always the answer to repeat that they just have to strive to err less daily herein to make the foresight always safer to take him to abandon them to go with their eyes closed or blind path. Our principle demands so, by instructing the people on this foresight, nothing new from him, it requires only that he, more doing what he already does as far as not merely to the next, but so much he just always, even to the remotest consequences of his actions and everything Umsichwirken take care, that he not only wise, but that he is wise. Now can this man not allerwegs find the best, he is none the less to keep it looking allerwegs. But the principle is pushed under it the people here only on calculation of what will emerge from each case to pleasure and pain, restrictive, so this is just only a subduction. Not any kind of foresight is a calculation. Neither should it calculate every individual, nor shall it calculate for each individual case, yet the man is ever referred to by the principle merely to computation. For it is certain that most people could ever not hire valid calculations of the consequences of their actions, that no one can hire them for all relationships that, if everyone wanted to carry his bill for themselves, each come to different results, and therefore the interaction would stop the common people to purposes that finally about the time of the calculation would usually pass the time for action. But precisely because in such calculation of each case would not come out by every single human being the best, even our principle, this calculation does not require, but must they absolutely prohibit or restrict rather on the right measure, and it can be the restrictions of purely develop themselves only with reference to the nature of people and things. Thereafter, it is necessary to consider what manner to direct the actions, is itself most conducive to the happiness of mankind, something must be found, and one has to keep in mind. In this respect, it is among the first and most important conclusions of our principle, that man had to be addressed in the main relations of life, rather than according to their own individual calculation of the consequences of his actions, according to general laws and rules which the best average in the whole grant result, and what the moral principles themselves are the highest and most important. For some general rules to simplify the aspects more than for concrete cases, it can therefore be found

for the average of the best easier than for the individual, partly can be used as an aid to findings for an average of those of experience, and all existing rules and laws are based more or less on such, these findings and the extent of change of circumstances become necessary amendments in the hands of Competent may preferably be given, and the nature of people and things tend to go by itself, it also really into the hands to disclose such; partly lies apart from the material benefits of the rules and laws, a large formal but equally important for the happiness of humanity is that by a eintrchtiges act the same, a striving Community objectives, an easier and more comprehensive calculation of the consequences of action for each individual is possible by everyone knows which interaction or counteracting it can other presuppose on the part in his actions; further that everyone, by adopting the objective laws and rules to be subjective, can acquire habits and elevations to him strength and safety, thus giving success in their own actions, and release it at the same time more useful intervene in the general action. Finally, if laws and rules, while expected in a broader sense, manners and customs, passed some time among the people win, the same or a particularly important influence on their desire state by that point and institutions have them already set up for it, and at the versatility of the people can be the same set up in divers without that one could say in the way of reason, one is better than the other, the stock itself can contribute to make amends existing laws and rules. The laws and rules can then be distinguished in those which concern all people at all times, by relying on the immutable and shared in basic human nature, and those that have to change and change to particulate ratios. The former, the divine, the latter human laws. The observance of the first will have the most far-reaching, general, universally recognized benefits for the human race, and the observance of the latter benefits for specific conditions from which they have evolved and have become fixated hinwiederum for them. In consequence of this view, man is now obliged generally to keep first to the divine laws, in particular the human soon in force in the circle of his life and work, with which his weal and woe connected first. Of former par unless they entail each other through mutual conflict exceptions itself; latter at any rate as long as they are not demonstrably bad. But it is more likely for reasons indicated that they are good for the existing conditions are not as good, at least better than an individual would be able to do it yourself, even if they were demonstrably bad, we would have most in the may follow cases and must, considering the large formal advantages that lie in the general subordination to the same se. In such a way so the individual a large part of their own assessment of good and evil is already anticipated removed, the same is not contrary to the meaning of our principle, but for pure and clear conclusions, which are based on nothing more than what is support all should be the nature of that to which it refers. It turns out we may consider the nature of human judgment, behavior, happiness and unhappiness according to psychology, philosophy or history, that in the actions of every single person would come to just short of his individual judgment, the happiness of

mankind, that all drive better when all shall be governed by general laws that bind all and consequently our principle also requires that the individual judgment will contrast really returned. Meanwhile, can only be considered a limitation, not be a waiver of own judgment. Laws must partly given, partly modified, are partly covered, but so have those to whom this responsibility, their own judgment necessary.Often come laws, divine with divine, human to human, or both mutually conflicting, and it itself is divine law to obey the laws of the state, a conflict latter kind may assume the character of a conflict of first type itself, where there is a need back of your own judgment to decide. All laws finally, even the subsidiary conducting customs, but the people still room leave enough for actions freely, in a certain sense even this flexibility is increased by the working of the same, such as the extent of free will, provisions in the Wild, by so little legislation is bound to infinity is limited, as it is here that seem bound on all sides by laws. It depends on the fact that unfettered development of the secure base of the legality of each other and with far poignant calculating his own actions, and can combine with the other. Accordingly, the people are still given over to independently develop its own means of action judgment on the basis of the laws. Man, too, is to higher education's sake, by obedience to the laws, at the same time possible to be the reason for their adherence so much aware of, and even the divine, the human laws not only by name, but by the nature of the wellspring of which they flow divorce, learn. Now what the people are in this relationship for means at their disposal? None of those who are at his command, can be excluded by our principle, rather it tells him to really use all that can serve him so that they cooperate to the best result. These agents, however, is the Universal calculating mind, but not alone, and that man is as much to educate and then to remind him that he may learn to do and need, as admonish that he needed him alone. I show what is not space here also should be enough for the suggestion, on what basis is developed in man next to the judgmental understanding a judgmental sense, as identical in its sphere of authority, but none greater than this, as every , single-hand for themselves, advantages and disadvantages of different sides, as both general only in accordance with, as they are properly formed by education and life, able to judge also correctly; serve as both mutually supportive in their education, their control complement and help out each other can, and must, as no one without both, but most of the judge with predominance of one, and how the costumes have to go in any case to go to bring reason and emotion to a unanimous verdict, as a dichotomy of the same but never a conflict in the matter, but a deficiency in humans. The doctrine that court or feeling about good and evil are linked to these considerations of conscience, in which a shoots for one and against the other and, according to the general relationship of impulse and desire, the proper pleasure and pain feelings related to what I'm to discuss the causality search. On the conscience I will come back, here it is sufficient to refer to the same general factual terms and to recognize it.

Our principle therefore does not deny the conscience to shift the whole evaluation of our actions as the computing sense, but rather it calls the conscience, because the harm so go without it just one foot, lame, and thus again the best of mankind is not the best would be served. But on the other hand, it may also not law, nor conscience, nor both together, alone regarded as authoritative, as there are bad laws and bad conscience, who will judge this, and since law and conscience leave much free, who will then judge? Developed here from the point of our considerations are the principle itself intellectually, as it can not be otherwise than scientific. But you can see how our principle of the understanding by he needs the same, even even the limits prescribed, in which he has to take it further, that not more than that it serves the best, that is, as to law and conscience nor their full to make law. Thus, the principle developed not only the material, but also the shape of its use from yourself This is the character of a living principle itself. So man should not only seek to anticipate our principle, but it should still expect then, as far as he can count just for therefore he has the mind. Why should I not be able to calculate and may be calculated that on my strong shoulders a load is easier to bear than the weaker of my weaker brother and then take his place, that the first penny heavier in pleasure outweighs the twenty-fifth, and so my twenty-fifth prefer elsewhere to make first, I more devastated by bad habits of funds and assets of pleasure than I ever want to win thus: that I'm omitting the period of youth, neither benefit me nor others. These are all things that can calculate in terms of our understanding of the principle, and said he neither law nor conscience comes into contradiction with itself but on the basis of the same can be based. Law and conscience itself but will, where and by whom they may be addressed, but ultimately justify itself only insofar as they are given in terms of our principle and educated. So the principle is an unconditional in all respects. The purely intellectual demeanor with the principle, which may not take place on the previous in life is, however be a matter of science. Not that they would accept less than the life of the authority of law and conscience, but they will have to justify itself intellectually same. The scientific knowledge of the best in the world but is associated with the best scientific knowledge of the world, which shall include the nature of people and things up in their first and final causes, consequences and ramifications. And we have acquired with the principle of no magic ring that suddenly gave us all these knowledge resources, but only compass and control for an arduous journey through nature itself the only way it reduces the effort that it instructs her right and successful direction, it multipart them but the fact that it also drives us now in this direction. But a principle that could be easily exploited, would not be worth the effort. The times are not where the song of the poet, the stones moved to Build: man she has painstakingly brought contribute, the gaps are only greater than the walls, the larger the building, then later his end, and so is the knowledge of the best of all worlds and

times heavy and slow to grow through many tedious work, and be finished until the end of the day, but what it says once established on nature, and will be always available, however, the words that wanted to move the stones , turn into castles of the air, and a bogey after another in the height reached quickly passes. The law of gravitation governs the whole sky, we certainly know it is the case, all the laws of celestial movements subordinate themselves to him, all the bills that want to Proper, can be performed only from its aspects, and we owe him only the true clarity about the conditions of the sky. But who has not yet as this law has nothing yet, its application to the teaching challenges all the forces of the bill and beyond it often, even the attraction of three celestial bodies we are not able to fully charge after that, and we often need to only approximations to win what would be to calculate itself, partly presuppose as already calculated, the future prey centering, aligned to bring the pure and complete solutions. So our law governs certain everything Moral, all practical at all, all individual laws of the practical arrange themselves under him all the bills that want to Proper, can only be done out of his viewpoints, and it alone can spread clarity about the world of action, but, who has nothing more than this Act, has not yet, and its application to the teaching challenges all the powers of mind and often exceeds them, and even the moral and legal relationships between three people we do not merely information such as to fully develop afterward, and it remains the Science can not be left as much of the world, which would be capable of calculation to introduce until further added to the bill, with the hope that one day they'll still be yourself. Their justification but that it does so, it may find itself in principle, according to which it is to keep something given so long for the best, until a better can give yourself. So of course, is the science that is based on our principle of any-time position of imperfection, which it shares with all human knowledge, must also be clearly aware at all times. The conceit of the so-called absolute positions will remain foreign to her. But that the gaps and difficulties of knowledge in her always as clear lie, as the context of the acquiree and as the distant goal of the whole direction, you always secure even the distant progress.
IX.

Kant calls it a mistake for all the principles of lust that they make some empirical morality, for what will give pleasure and pain, can be known only from experience. I find my hand an advantage all the desire of principles is that they not only allow their nature all life's experiences for teaching and consequently looking to make it usable for life again, but that it even necessary to respond to the empirical nature of people and things. How then is the doctrine of the action that has to move in the empirical, be yourself regardless of the empirical? It seems to me that as a physics that would abstract from the empirical nature of the body and the movement or construct them in the head, what you have tried of course, but with what success? Really has to try to get the morality as the empirical science of life floating, so that they defile not their feet in it, always had the success that the empirical life now has

not even cared about the science of morality hergegangen both are next to each other, or that one with poor link to the Principal has not subsequently need to attach the empirical. A principle which should be useful for the empirical life, can lively and vibrant making unfold only on empirical self, and the more necessary the same it requires for its own development, the more this will be a proof that it is its soul. This does not prevent, but will rather out of the empirically identified nature of people and things, including the innermost part of what we have, from the experiential relations of pleasure and pain to all that is in and out of us, even the desire and aversion to each other even to deduce through reason something higher than all individual material is what has been used for the derivation, some through Interdisciplinary and General, which, precisely because it summarizes everything Empirical among themselves spiritually permeated and linked, high above him itself is.
X.

The previous objections were of a formal nature, it will not lack materials. The principle can initially only on the size, do not pay attention to the kind of pleasure. So much pleasure as possible should be brought into the world, no matter what manner. As well, you will ask, is not spiritual pleasure in itself, apart from its quantity, worth more than sensual pleasure, you absolutely preferable? The pleasure of beauty, truth, on a useful activity, now even the desire of conscience, not worth more than that, however great pleasure in a well-staffed table, a warm bed, and the like. Where there is such intense pleasure as some sensual, why should they earn in preference to the spiritual? Certainly not, if you are still in the examples above. But you can face them others. Is not the pleasure of good food and clothes, the glass of wine and cozy resting after work, so our vigor to the work itself again and again refreshed, worth more than the desire for a bad novels, as the desire of the miser on money , the player on the games, the Wicked on other vexations, etc., and yet the former is sensual, the latter spiritual pleasure. So you can feel like spiritual circumstances be worth more or less than sensuous, the sensual quality, spiritual, decides not, it all depends on whether good or bad, noble or common, useful or harmful, not whether mental or sensory Lust is. Usually, however, when you mental pleasure of sensual faces, you tacitly give only noble or good mental pleasure meaner, or worse sensual towards the eye, and then it goes of course by itself also in line with our principle, to estimate the former higher; as noble or good mental pleasure is just only by noble or good that you want value not only depends on the moments, but that it is also predominant source like or related to such. This is true of all the above like the real beauty and truth, of useful activities, especially from the pleasures of a good conscience, as the most efficient design to fernerem good action. From these kinds of pleasure or what they are attached to whole sequence rows of fancy effects can develop for humanity, and against this, a single sensory pleasure certainly not hold you down when it subsides

or nothing like spoiling the result. But as it is, but the sensual pleasure has value as well as the spiritual, and it would be strange if we praised a regent, because he made with the material welfare of his subjects, and yet even this beilegte no value. Actually it is, if by the The greatest possible of pleasure as a whole, the speech is not really a conflict between sensual and intellectual pleasure, but in general one can say that the greatest possible is obtained when neither the one nor the other only seeks, but seeks to support the other by a support and so that the maximum in the whole generally speaking, also the maximum, in particular any type brings with it. The sensual pleasure is to give the body of the spiritual, by which they stay with the earth and their food sources in relation to, the intellectual pleasure of the senses, the soul, by which it will contact with the higher light in relationship. The highest statue also calls for the highest and the broadest basis. If now the divine image of the spiritual desire reach into the sky, so the base of sensual pleasure must cover the whole earth.
XI.

People will say: our principle is inadequate unless it absolutely concerned only with the greatest possible pleasure in humanity, without regard to their distribution. It could not be indifferent to whether all desire just to go out on a heap up empty and the other, or whether all, though on the whole have slightly less of it. The latter is preferable for healthy emotions, but nachzusetzen to our principle. Our principle also does not distinguish between the desire of good and evil. Tired of evil was meant for him better than less desire the good; healthy sense requires the reverse. The punishment of evil must cease completely, because as it might be in line with our principle to the pain that brought the evil in the world, purposely to increase still further, that they inflict new pain through his own punishment. So all sense of justice is violated and make it more impossible. But again, it is only our principle to give consideration to the nature of people and things to the ground, like his simple cores by itself develops everything the man has always been required by law as not only the distribution of lust among the people in general, but also the most equitable distribution thereof. A means of pleasure, heaped over a certain extent on a person never produced as much pleasure as distributed across multiple, so it must, generally speaking, in line with our principle, be shared until the excessive fragmentation and proliferation of the same over inappropriate places would bring more disadvantage than advantage. In the work for the pleasure of others, the message of our goods to others and stilling their suffering, the social enjoyment of pleasure, are the richest sources of mental pleasure. All powerful sources of pleasure in the world can only ever arise and are made, many also work on it and then draw it and collectively. By the maximum principle requires our greatest desire among the people, so it also demands of even their distribution among the people. One can say that the desire multiplied; reduces the pain from even to a certain extent with the distribution. The poet has expressed it short and sweet with the words: shared joy is double joy, shared pain is half the pain.

Not every mode of distribution but is indifferent, and now our principle also determines the proper type of distribution. Generally speaking, one can in the right kind of feel like a source distribution yourself, see a pain in the incorrect source. So long as our principle demands the maximum of pleasure, it is hereby determined at the same time as the most correct just the distribution, which is the condition for this maximum. I explain this by a mathematical analogue: the product of the parts can be broken down into a number that depends on the nature of their division, a function of how you express yourself. The widest possible product always belongs to a single specific division manner. Part I, for example 12 in 1 and 11, then the product of the two parts 11, when divided in 2 and 10 it is larger, namely 20, when divided into 3 and 9 again greater, namely 27; etc. The most advantageous is in the same division parts, namely 6 and 6, the maximum of the product is 36 Indeed, if it is not a division into two, but in three parts, as would also be the same three parts 4, 4, 4 to give the maximum product, namely 64 And so ever with any number and size of the number of parts that you may choose the same division is the cheapest for obtaining the highest product, the uneven but the more favorable the more it approaches the same. In a similar manner now the size of pleasure in human being as a whole is a function of the way they distributed among their individual members, in such a way that all equated to these members, the maximum of pleasure at the same distribution would be expected among them. But all is not equal among them, and thereon the appropriateness and fairness of distribution in the special ties. Systems, character, education, income, inherited the top position acquired people make that it is better to accumulate to a tired or like agent as to the other or to be heaped. The nature of these circumstances is then to take back to their general and special relationships into consideration, and thereafter determine general and special rules. It can be shown as property and inheritance are not contrary to the meaning, but in terms of the principle, and they would not do it, they do not deserve to exist. But I'm going to now not a more thereof. In the version of this article is now done, the objection that equated the desire of the good of the bad by our principle and the punishment of the latter will hereby repealed. Conversely, pain or punishment of the wicked desire the reward of the good is equated more by this principle. The evil has, if he is just evil, pleasure in what displeasure, the Good, if it's good pleasure in that which brings pleasure to the whole, and thus also of both engines is determined to action. So is the desire of the First source itself as pain, to look at the latest as of pleasure source for the whole. This is not to be equivalent in terms of our principle. If one wanted to be the first to iniquity still about pleasure, reward add yourself so you would his evil inclination, only reinforce this aversion source, then against one reinforced by the reward of a good source lust. But can also be the source of that pain and finally even forced forced to flow as a source of pleasure opposition greater pain. The penalty comes into the world. If the evil is not punished, he continues to bring evil into the world, others do it for him, and it is indeed the moment spared by its conservation pain, but the source

of the pain grows more and more and is increasingly spreading out. Punishment, divine as human, is the means, according as it is applied to prevent the people some of fernerem mischief, partly to improve, partly to let others take an example, the best punishment, to which all of these benefits to the greatest possible unite white. What she brings to the individual moment of displeasure in the world, it must thus outdo that it prevents more harm for the sequence as a whole. Leaving or border this point it is hard, cruel, unjust, harmful. So our principle requires not only the punishment of evil, but also develops the nature of the people again, the point of them, in all that you have suffered from always handy to it, no can they ever unite practical and cogent under a principle. To which words are difficult to understand and deductions you have taken refuge here, where the penalty falls directly and simply out of the general principle and the most banal facts of human nature. As our principle shares the desire of the people, it shall then also under the same time. To take full pleasure at once destroys the inner and outer wealth of pleasure, always move the desire and save for future pleasure can both spoil and waste away unused. An exchange between enjoying the pleasure and work for the pleasure, a benefit of the interior and exterior like agents, with such protection that a more forming fund is always obtained for the future, a grasping of desire in the best moments, a takeover himself from pain, for the sake of future profits, are obvious demands of the principle. All measurement, caution, diligence is all well thus offered, as every pleasure of the moment allowed that does not cost more than it brings in the future the present.
XII.

It will be said, our principle to conclude a pernicious and reprehensible statement that a good end justifies evil means. Bring only the success of an overwhelming desire for action or benefit that yes dissolves in our view, in the last instance always like episodes, so you can commit the worst acts, such as stealing a rich bread to satiate a hungry poor so; The rich do not feel it in the arms of much suffering will thus satisfied or blocked. But I have put this principle into the hands of the Jesuits, and elsewhere enough mischief in the world, a principle can not be justified, what sanction it. But if it is true that come through application of this principle mischief enough in the world, so he can give, therefore, be no implication of our principle, but only the opposite, and you can the principle not of course disprove the same by false conclusions. Our principle can indeed be its nature, nothing that the happiness of the whole world more disadvantaged than promotes. But would bring that principle is not really more harm than good in the world, and all evil will at last dissolve in pain, so it no one would have blamed each. The following must be considered: the use of bad means for good purposes is considered in more detail, in general it back that we like a little individual, even if it were even far cross, seek to achieve the best, but by violating divine commandments, the most common and safest Basics of the good itself and thus shake the firmest

supports of the state like the humanity as a whole to bring about consequences that do more harm than in individuals that can be won. Course, is not to be calculated in detail well what grows for benefit of following the divine laws in every particular case, but just so we need to calculate it in whole or appreciate, and then the individual that whole absolutely subordinate, it is both logical practical. It responds well: in some cases kick but the advantage of using a bad means clearly and definitely out, grab even with benefit to the whole, while the disadvantage that the violation of a general rule or habituation bring good into the whole, often disappear just as decisively against . Our principle must approve the evil principle in such cases as yet. Then, the answer that we are only too prone to what we call the whole Vanishing and blurred, too small to strike against what clearly turns out in some tangible successes of superficial look, while yet the whole support and benefit the laws and rules on that blurring depends. And hereby we miss just as often the larger general desire for the smaller individual sake, the same sources spoil. The purpose of our principle prohibits outright but to grasp the individual independently of the whole eye. Really though, can so deeply and widely produced in the whole wide disadvantages that the overall benefit of their compliance against resigns under circumstances of each compliance divine and human law. But even so, there are no divine nor human law, but the uppermost principle itself, or such records that can only be regarded as another way of saying its not comply would suffer its exceptional circumstances, or where not often difficult with all the powers of the mind could occur and conscience to crucial conflict. You will not find anything, that all or most of the substantive objections to our principle be reduced on closer inspection the fact that any evil consequences result from it for humanity. But with each such objections will prove to basically nothing more than zweies: first, that we have derived an incorrect conclusion from our principle, secondly, that we indirectly but even acknowledges the correctness of the principle, by the goodness of the principle according to assessed the happiness or unhappiness that arises for humanity it. Unless that somehow came to dire consequences that could not be reduced to termination of human happiness itself.
XIII.

Now I return to the conscience. The conscience is characterized by a presentiment both after feel of desire, which is to good actions, of pain, which builds on evil, a the proper drive, which is if not always prevalent, but always present; a clock finally in assessing of what is good and evil, which is associated with those feelings. To the distinctive character of that in fact the distinction of good and evil builds itself Usually referred to the conscience of all its moments as something innate excellence. Now, admitting that the people's desire to many simple goodness, from which much else flows, and a demgemer engine is really innate.The Mitlust at the pleasure of others, the desire it, do good to those who have done us good, and the desire for conformity of ideas, as the first foundation of the love of truth, and the

desire of the mother in the care of their children, and the reluctance to the contrary or omission of all these are certainly not only purchased and planted by experience and education. Only is all this compensated by an equally innate addiction, but the preferred our well of others, the desire to inflict evil has done us evil, and the desire to let our imagination run free and protect us through falsehood of punishment, the desire of the mother to forgive her child and her stepchild reset his sake. So there is so much in the innate evil than good. Also, the Congenital how everything-like instinct in humans that satisfy most the same, to lead in the simplest conditions. For this innate conscience so you do not explain what the most educated people in the complex relations of life is always safe and always take only the good and really makes this all the more, the more he has risen in the right direction over the merely Congenital. In fact, we also see the very wayward child still without what one might call warning, scruple or remorse of conscience, hit another child, it take away his toys, disobey, even lie. If you want to say that conscience is there, it just sleep, or was still unaufgeschlossen, so the expression is free, and may even, rightly understood, take the thing, except that he is more geeigenet in fact, to prevent this understanding as a cause. What should guide us and may direct, is only just waking and open-minded conscience, that it can possibly awaken in everyone and open up, is not denied, but rather that it always wakes up and unlocks itself. Now, where this is not the case, the man lacks what should guide him and can conduct, and it is useless to point out to him as if he had it yet. Then we have the case of an undeveloped plant, with the plant alone but Mozart did not compose nor Raphael painted. That would blindly reach into the keys, this desolate down with the brush on the canvas, if they had left together with their plant itself, and so man if this plant is not acting with the best of all plant conscience blind and desolate, to is developed to what the people should be the conscience. In fact, not conscience but the facility to conscience is finished the people given, as well, and not more than his reason and sense of beauty are ready given, there is a need for all Dreies even the most careful education and guidance by parents, teachers and life before they can lead the people back, and a wrong one as the other education can operate as meaning that they lead him wrong instead of right. The Wild has the most hideous grimaces of his idols favor, he believes the most absurd of human and divine things, and so he performs human sacrifice and eats people and tortures his enemies on the cruelest without conscience also tumbles in the least during the convulsions his confreres. So it is not about to accept the conscience idle, and expected that it wake of themselves and aufschliee be, nor is it a matter of providing easy handling on conscience, which could be compared with the wake and unlock, but as right and fine and safe to individual conscience even the people should be able to manage so delicate and carefully and properly it must have been trained only to the individual himself. And now the question arises on what basis this is based education. This is a psychological object it is generally better to experience than to develop on

general assertions. Sends a boy the first time to a place of which he knows nothing, he is with indifference, and, the way it seems annoying, then go with displeasure. But now he is doing well in this place, he finds friendly faces, playmates, what makes him tired and happy, probably even a little better than he has been known and thought there, if maintained after feel the pleasure he there enjoyed tie in with the memory of this place, and a presentiment of the same when it comes to go back, he will yearn for that place, and the transition itself then will make him feel like he is not even more afraid of a long and difficult way to go he will sacrifice all smaller and closer pleasures of it. The same boy was beaten in another place, scolded, treated contemptuously, you have to let him starve, so a feeling of discomfort is already build on the idea of the place for him, he will prefer to do and suffer, than go there again . The more exclusive and to establish similar experiences in the same places, the more these feelings and the associated drives are secure. That place will be his last earthly heaven, his hell this os; yes he is finally look at everything, whether it closer there or take him there. Or is it befall him in other places, good and evil, but always in accordance with, as they are similar to those places, so the safest clock will gradually develop in him to look at it every place, whether he to good for him was to be expected or evil places, and whenever a fir stands in the good places always a linden, and the bad, so it last a joyful feeling at the mere sight of lime, and a horror in which would take the fir, even without that he was aware why. Is not all this psychologically correct? What do direct experiences, teachings, stories, promises and threats in which boys are more or less already be able to achieve if they take on the experience of his respect, and faith can give to him. He will shy away from the outset to go to the place from which one threatens him evil, evil, the importance of which has different here has to know, yes it is him again recently as hell shy when it to him over and over again envisions as a hell, he will reverse long for a place like after a sky one tells him over and over again as a sky, more so when the same everywhere descriptions, narratives meet him. What everyone calls with horror, will begin to meet him with an overpowering horror, which all describe beautiful than anything, even more glorious than all his own pleasure. Because it is generally the soul of man nature that the pleasure or pain that occurs through experience or believed teachings with one thing or act for him in recurring terms, firmly attached as afterfeel or anticipation of the introduction of this object or action, and accordingly the drive into or determined against it. And according as he learns to recognize this or that, more often than bringing pleasure or pain, he also acquires a more safe and proper timing to assess whether this was something along the lines of pleasure or displeasure Bring ends. Here we have the psychological basis, the conscience of all his moments in the development of the people from themselves. It is in the nature of the divine commandments and all the good that accrue from following the same overwhelming desire to win overall relationship to humanity. Experience has proven that success in much: and so one can generally

overlook how in humanity a sense of the value of compliance and the evil, which depends on the non-compliance, must develop with demgemem shoots, while a clock in assessing what the purpose of these commandments. This is the slow going, but the general nature of the human soul and the good necessary and therefore certainly reasonable education of the conscience in the Great by God. But now the predominant desire consequences of good and pain consequences of evil are not as immediately allerwegs on hand, could the child and the rudest savages they take the same and, with their roots in relationship, but what the world order or Wielding in her mind of good humanity has gradually taught, now planted the education of the people by the people continued faster. So the timing of each individual developed in distinction of good and evil, much less by his own direct experience, than the fact that he allerweges sees everything, look at the people from the perspective of whether it is good or evil, and from all sides, even at this consideration will be guided. In Athens once did the least to judge whether a statue, a verse in the tragedy was nice and pretty, because everything allerweges considered from the point of view of the beautiful and quite a, everyone was taken only in accordance with, as this consideration it was even common. What now in Athens, in a particular time as to the Fair took place that has always been everywhere at all times as to the good and evil, at least its main directions taken place. From the beginning, God has brought humanity in this direction, and still travels further away with it, and now people plant these continuing education even among themselves, and this reproduction is in a broader sense to God with education itself. The development of the feeling of pleasure and pain is hereby parallel. By teaching people distinguish between good and evil, they also establish allerweges to the former promise, praise, reward, honor, friendly and helpful courtesy, to the latter threat, blame, punishment, disgrace, strict Contrary Kicking, and not just promise and threat for temporal but also eternal. Again and again this association of mainly the last resounding Lustful returns with the good, the solid displeasure with evil again, they followed us allerweges, no one can escape it. The tail and the carrot in the hands of the parents, the friendliness and the anger in her face appear from early on to the child in this sense, and yet it has not entered into life with one foot, so it is on already in the same sense heaven and hell as the ultimate goal of good and evil, as something beyond all measure and Gorgeous terrible about this life ordered out. The teachers, the preachers, grab life with new, diverse and yet always acting in the same sense agents in the same direction. This blows of the first youth, always repeated, done from all sides to the same place of the mind, shape finally the same the moment what they subject, from a strength and determination like no other, and now it is pronounced, You can of course, the individual punches that accomplished this, no longer distinguish the finished works, say what each individual contributed. All individuals rather what so worked on a variety of ways to go to make a comedy preponderance of the good, a reluctance preponderance of evil, sums up our feeling to a resultant whose Komposanten no longer distinguish individual in it, and therefore appears to us that origin of conscience easily as something inexplicable, and we do not consider it a arisings, but finished Mitgegebenes.

Meanwhile, by comparative analysis, as the conscience is different, always the educative influences and a mitbekommenen basic system according developed under different circumstances, be recognized clearly enough how all that common really has an influence on this development, and as if under unfavorable conditions this runparent influences the conscience wrong direction wins. But on average, the conscience must be developed in the right sense, partly and foremost, because it is the nature of the good in itself, to associate with overwhelming lust consequences, and therefore go the general experience in this sense, partly because accordingly the teachings average speak in this sense and what does not clearly present in the successes enlighten, and will complement, partly because it is in the interest of humanity to let the good seem good, and they therefore had not intentionally desire for the good and pain tie in with the bad. On the whole, seem to need together with its development: the nature of the human mind, according to which, as the concept of the good fits to the unit, all the pleasure and pain, which depends on the good, the feelings and the drive for unity can add, and the nature of good and evil, pleasure and pain as the sources and nature of the world order in which this nature of good and evil becomes evident fact. It has been thought peculiar to find clues about the fundamental nature of conscience is that the same thing his claims under the form: thou shalt! claims do. It seems to find nothing in it, as the trace of its people through education. Because people are always in such form their demands addressed to the people, of course, also repeated, educated people, his conscience demands under the same form. With all this conscience is not placed deeper than you thought it has always been. A pure and clear and correct conscience will still be regarded as a part of divine light and lust thereof: but man has to rise to this win the Most High only, and may rejoice that the world order and his mind the means to close to lead him dahinauf, but he must not think that the gift of the Most High had given him from the outset, otherwise he will never reach her. Have the pleasure of a good conscience, and the torment of an evil conscience something that distinguishes them from each other pleasure and torment each other, something against each other recedes in fact. This is not due to the fact that they are resulting feelings that emerged from countless, we are no longer able to distinguish, for something like this takes place in other intellectual pleasure and pain feelings, but the fact that the reference to something absolutely Overriding even on the Temporal and Human addition, reaching, attending them. Good on the preponderance of all pleasure, the pleasure depends on all relationships, on pleasure, beauty, practicality just looking for this or that, even if more or less general relations. What at first to Socialize for suffering to the good, for delight in evil, the conscience, to be educated about the feelings that it was the nature of the good, but to finally win with lust, evil defeated with displeasure about offers all present pleasure and pain with his promise and threat, here comes to nothing on. A sense of Schlechthinigkeit, totality, absoluteness, eternity to time to borrow some words from philosophy, he lives with, like no other feeling of pleasure and pain. And how it awakens in man by divine

event, it just proves by this character, the relationship with a divine feelings. But it will not worse, that is, by natural agencies which gives us access to God. But well over these natural exchanges themselves a higher character in that they lead to the highest that man can acquire. Now one can ask how but the engine, the conscience implants, in spite of anticipation triumphant pleasure, to which it is linked, can be often defeated by other drives. The reason is that the strength of our instincts is determined not only by the sense of size, but also close to the pleasure. You do not see every day in the fall intemperate pleasures of which he knows for sure that the consequences will bring him more woe than the enjoyment of pleasure, but the pleasure is closer. As the little finger can cover us a tower, and we know that it is smaller, but it covers us the tower. So we feel by acting conscience contrary, well that we are the bad action finally drive certainly bad, a fear, of whose origin we are the conscience of even his account, it tells us, however, the appeal of the present alluring like those on offer drive. The conscience must only be strong and powerful and heaven and hell inside us come very close in anticipation when the engine of conscience should always be crucial to his side. Also there are a purely psychological facts underlying that can be discussed further, here it is sufficient to have made shortly thereafter. The set presented here approach the conscience is the experience moderating, it also shows the development of the conscience of the nature of good and of the human soul, it is third, practical, by pointing us to the moments, which can be used to correct training of conscience.
XIV

The ratio of our principle to the highest Christian moral precepts anlangend, we can and we believe this should be interpreted so as they enter into its the same thing. It only describe the Christian moral commandments rather the mind, from which our action is to emerge, our principle purpose, what it should be directed, which of course does not contradict itself and excludes, but linked and related. Because in order to achieve the purpose, the generation of the mind is required, which belongs to the achievement of that purpose, and the mind is there, they will also go to the purpose to which it corresponds. Only one action can be characterized by the specific purpose to which it goes, than by the mind, on which it depends, and therefore can be of course the Christian moral commandments variously interpreted. Now for the science, the clearest form the best, so other hand, can for the practical a form of the principle to be better, which is addressed to the mind, if only those who handle the principle in the education of the human race, are the same in the proper sense . Thus Christ, in whom I worship a divine spirit with a sincere sense, chose the more practical form of the principle of reason, because his teaching is supposed to act by the people, by the people, but this does not exalt a particular interpretation of ways in which the sentiments which he commands, to stamping out the action. Love can lead them to actions that the one you love, do more harm than good, are more annoying than pleasing; mothers often prove in love toward their children.

The interpretation of the Christian moral commandments in our sense and reference setting them to our principle is the following: The need anlangend: love God with all your heart, all your soul and with all your mind, then our principle can be as much regarded the same as an outcome, than vice versa. It depends on whether you want from God to the world and vice versa, take the direction, which is both possible and permissible. Did you get an idea taken from the best and most just God and love for him as such, it results also from the self-induced tendency to trade him in his will to meaning, whose goodness and justice goes to the whole. But our principle is the general principle of both goodness and justice. But conversely, our principle necessarily leads to faith in God, even to the best and most just God, from which follows the love to him by itself. It can be shown from the story, as heard from the heart of man, that faith in a personal relationship of man to God for the happiness of mankind in detail and large scale is necessary, so the same to the foundations, and that no faith in an abstract world order may grant a replacement for it. But then it's just the belief in the best and most just God, the best is also the happiness of mankind. Produced in us by God as the principle creates God in us again. Man can not do without God, human society would fall hopelessly apart without him and destroyed, so the individual person missed him without his best solace and his highest straightedge. In truth, none of the so-called proofs for the existence of God has received or generated the belief in fact, only the consciously and unconsciously perceived impossibility without him peace, peace, joy and hope through all the trouble and straying, maintenance, order, law as a whole receive, eternal rest, and rebirth of this belief has been. The fact that humanity can not exist without God is a stronger proof than any other, for that mankind is not without God. Yet humanity has not been able to consciousness of their God pure, clear for all to work out satisfactory off, it belongs to the Most High, so it does not start, but what she has to work. To lead them, God may be his own pleasure. One can determine the purpose of this work to advance. Humanity will stop at any other faith, from God, as is most conducive to their happiness. So our principle is in fact the heuristic principle for God. Also, this way, to find God, do not be fooled. Any error in the knowledge of even the smallest thing goes around comes around sooner or later. Consequences to us through pain by giving us some involved in contradictions of thought, partly of action, ie incorrect behavior in relation to the thing causing This itself but the healing of error is brought. The truest knowledge remains after all the trials finally as the most satisfactory for the people left, only to reassure her he can last. Now this applies even from the least in the world as it should not be considered by the biggest in the world, which also has the greatest influence on his pleasure and displeasure. Only grows with the severity of the difficulty of knowledge, and the steps in this whole are great, but slow. This shows the view of the religions. Anyone ever seen though in God and his relationship to the world and the beings only the biggest fairy tale in the world, like in the greatest satisfaction that we are able to

draw from the faith in him, even the evidence of the greatest beauty, not the greatest find truth of this tale. Such thinking, if ever a fairy tale produced such powerful effects in the world, but the belief in God. The second Christian moral commandment: love your neighbor as yourself, anlangend, it translates in terms of our actions then: ya need to be the same if the desire hits you or your neighbor, which then produces of itself with itself, that it will drop to where it is greatest, or so the divide between self and others, that it is the largest in the whole; way to win, as calculated by the other itself, in every case the most. Now, though, one would misunderstand the Christian as our principle, if you thought it was going from the fact that almost every kingdom now have to share his wealth among the poor, just as much as any of the others would have to keep. It depends on what not just you and me, but most of all enters in light of all the consequences and the context of all the circumstances of desire. The main thing in this regard is already sorted by the existing laws, rules, customs and traditions. It is shown that one has to abide by it, unless the same is not downright reprehensible detectable, you can be sure that it's on average in the sense of good. But so far all this still leaves room or even to be assessed, however, in many cases you can calculate or estimate if it brings more pleasure to the world the fact that one does something or another themselves still in its mind and emotions. By now developed the principle by reference to the nature of the people and things that make and weigh the obligations against us from ourselves and from others the way you thought it has always been for the best. From the outset, noting there is apparently nothing in closer investigation determined everything. Everyone has to make a whole for the other what he better than it can afford itself to him, and this has to make for him in the same way in return. Each has on the other hand themselves to do what he does better than another can not afford him. It is not lawful to split forces and worry too much and indiscriminately. Thus, on the one hand out of the advantage, preferably to provide for people, but also preferably to get a business; former aims meaning ourselves, as the object of our activity most convenient location to consider, first, the latter expands our effectiveness by itself with over different one. A deeper consideration leads back to the point that in a good order of things, the consideration for the desire of the individual does not separate from the consideration for the pleasure of it all, every best ensures at the same time by the best for the all makes and vice versa, but this joint best of the individual and the whole asks just that everyone after many relationships initially itself henceforth disregard than others at first arrayed, food and beverages, for otherwise he will be able to afford anything for others; soon on Most of the bar, the closest to him, because they occur next to him even as the most feature objects in the context of its activity. These remarks will suffice here. It is now common in many cases, the principle of evil in selfishness to put the principle of good in us the love of something with regard to stagnant. The rights seems to me to be the one that you recognize how our and all, and God's desire so

related that the growth of the one at the same time the other is linked, and that where it appears otherwise, this is just only temporary certificate. How should I my health, my strength, my accomplishments, respect and love that I purchased myself, so the sense pleasures, to whom God the grape has to grow for me, sends the bee for me for the flower, not happy , looking as me, if I'm here I realize that this health, this forces these services, this respect, this love, this Sinneserquickungen by me like pious, devout at the same time to serve all, and hereby God himself. Can the poor, the weak, the sick, Pressed much of the world serve as the in his God and his conscience and his body also Hilarious, and he should always consider this only as a means of pleasure for the pleasure of others? It's unnatural, it is impossible, and so far it possible harmful because it makes the best motives for action itself powerless.
XV.

When I use the Christian moral commandments into kicking look at our principle after the above as much, I still do not deny that their interpretation in the development of Christianity taken virtually a completely different direction, and that the reason may be it searched the scriptures themselves . The divine commandments is always only on the major principles of lust, pointed, and the individual desire of the flesh, however, probably not explained as much reprehensible. And it is also in line with our principle, if there is a conflict between the two arises, but you have interpreted it, as if the desire would be anything significant, disdainfully, and from this the monks, the mortification, the sermons are against the desire this world emerged, but only while the little ephemeral pleasure compared to what she wears, and will wear forever, is put on hold. Well might be a time when falling entirely in paganism those eternal principles of human desire state, rot, were destroyed, mainly depend on only to explain again, and even take the name of pleasure can be because you a the thing should let time take long, because you can build the foundations of pleasure not new, without the fancy yourself ablate before, but we hope to God that a few thousand years time have been enough to fix these basics so far that over the festivities again the beautiful could rise. The need for this is probably because, because, only to catch here and there to the value of the basics to doubt itself, unless it shall have it. A morality and religion must come once, not as a destroyer of the former, but as with the previous flower, which brings back the word like to honor right. Such will close the monasteries and open life and sacred art, and yet everything beautiful hold sacred than the good that is not only pleasurable convincing in the near present, but for all future and round in circles, and as the holiest of all keep good God in his hand and all good bears all the best with his hat and saves all evil in this last hat. The church is indeed already built, the congregation now is, when the doctrine is preached by the pursuit of the greatest pleasure, because God himself has established on the first day of creation, and the voice of his preaching has always been more sounded than any human sermon; everything human costumes has always been the

direction taken by the greatest pleasure. But a large nebula located around the large church, the community is not together, the words fade half understood and misunderstood. Now stands on the highest Thurmeshhe the small round Act of the largest pleasure like a shining knob, and long after he shone silently over the mists, once the sun comes, they scattered, and shiny and glossy, he gradually begins to shine. And when the bell, which has the beam that is inherited from one's night, grateful announced, will be long fades, will probably drown once a powerful bell, the tongue is mightier with every call to impair entry into this church, of which summit again shines the light of the Most High.