Physics - the study of matter and energy. Base quantity - cannot be defined in terms of other physical quantities.

Derived quantity - can be derived by the combination of 2 or more base quantities either by multiplication , division or both. Standard form - A (1-10) x 10 Scalar Quantity - A quantity that has magnitude only. (Distance , speed , mass) Vector Quantity - A quantity that has both magnitude and direction. (displacement , weight , acceleration) Systematic error - either more/less than the actual value. (zero error) Random error - either lower/more than the actual value. (parallex error) Consistency/Precision - the ability to register the same reading when a measurement is repeated. Accuracy - the degree to which a measurement represent the actual value. Sensitivity - the ability of a measuring instrument to detect a small change in the quantity being measured. Speed - the rate of change of distance. Velocity - the rate of change of displacement. Acceleration - the rate of change of velocity. Acceleration = 0 : constant velocity or at rest. ( no change in velocity) Constant acceleration - Increasing velocity (+ve) Constant deceleration - Decreasing velocity (-ve) One dot space/ One tick - the time interval between one carbon dot and the next one on the ticker tape.

Inertia - the property of an object to continue in its state of rest or in a uniform speed in a straight line unless acted upon by an external force (resist changes) Newton's Law of inertia - states that every object continues in its state of rest or in its uniform speed in a straight line unless acted upon by an external force. Momentum - the product of mass and velocity of an object. Principle of conservation of momentum - states that the total momentum of a system is constant if no external force acts on the system. Resultant force = 0 : object is stationary or moves with constant velocity. Newton's 2nd Law of motion - The resultant force of an object is proportional to the rate of change of momentum. Impulse - Change of momentum. Impulsive force - Rate of change of momentum. Newton's 3rd Law of motion - For every action , there is an equal and opposite reaction. Free fall - object is falling under the force of gravity. Principle of conservation of energy - Energy cannot be created or destroyed but it can be changed from one form to another form. Elasticity - the ability of a material to return to its original shape or length when the external force that acts on it is removed. Hooke's Law - states that the extension of a spring is directly proportional to the force applied to it provided the elastic limit is not exceeded. Elastic limit - The maximum force that can be applied to a spring before it loses its elasticity.

ms1 to kmh1 (x3.6) kg/m 3 to g/cm 3 ( 1000) Relative Deviation = (Average deviation Average value) x 100% Gradient = y/x Y=mX +C Elastic collision = m1u1 + m2u2 = m1v1 + m2v2 Inelastic collision = m1u1 + m2u2 = (m1m2)v Explosion = mBvB =mAvA Resultant force (FR) = F1 +F2 Resultant force (FR) = (mv-mu) t Resultant force (FR) = ma / F1 + F2 = ma Impulsive force (FI) = (mv-mu) t Impulse (Ft) Ns = mv-mu Weight force = mass x gravitational acceleration. Downward force = Weight + vertical force Upward force = Downward force Horizontal force to the left = Horizontal force to the right Kinetic energy = 1/2 mv Work done = Force (N) x Distance (m) Elastic potential energy = Force x Extension Elastic potential energy = Area under the graph.