How do we synchronize two power systems or one synchronous generator to a power system?

Synchronization. We need frequency, phase, voltage equality. If we have very distant phases, how do we synchronize two power systems? Angles, frequency and voltages of both systems at the desired connection point changes dynamically due to load variation thru the regions. In the field, how can we solve synchronization? For generator to system synchronization problem, how do we reduce phase differences between system and generator? During day and night, generator may be committed on and off several times. Do they undergo synchronization process again and again? 8 days ago

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Nanak Chand Goyal, Blent alar like this You, Nanak Chand Goyal, Blent alar like this 11 comments

Nanak ChandUnfollow Follow Nanak Chand Nanak Chand Goyal For synchronization, necessary arrangements with synchroscope are made available ,which take care of matching necessary parameters. Now a days as a safeguard, a Check Synchronizing relay is also used to avoid out of phase synchronization.Proper synchronization of the generator before connecting to the system is a must every time it is restarted to avoid unnecessary stresses on the windings . 8 days ago Unlike Like

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Muhammad TaherUnfollow Follow Muhammad Taher Muhammad Taher Khan May I ask what is the size of the generator in question (eg. MW output) and the proportional generation contribution in the immediate network from other sources? What type of power plant is this supposed to be (baseload, peaking,etc)? And is the network in which you are injecting power dependent on your generation for voltage stability? Re-synchronization of generators to the grid multiple times a day is not an uncommon procedure as this happens often in wind turbine and CSP solar power plants. 8 days ago Unlike Like

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PratikUnfollow Follow Pratik Pratik Kubde Synchronizing relays are available which can used for closing the circuit breaker at proper instant of time. 7 days ago Unlike Like

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AnshulUnfollow Follow Anshul Anshul Mishra Synchronization depends on Phase angle, Frequency and Voltage. With every Generator there is an excitation system and governing system. Excitation system helps in regulating voltage and governing system control frequency. When we synchronize any generator we can raise or lower voltage and frequency as per desired existing power system. 7 days ago Unlike Like

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EnriqueUnfollow Follow Enrique Enrique Gallegos In order to synchronize two power systems usually is necessary to use a phase shift transformer. Now about your second question I do not understand what you mean when you say " how do we reduce phase differences between system and generator?.." What do u want to reduce to phases? and why? 7 days ago Unlike Like

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FeyzullahUnfollow Follow Feyzullah Feyzullah Erturk Enrique, thanks for answer. For synchronizing a generator to system, we need phase matching. I think power output of generator during synchronization should be strictly controled. Otherwise, sudden high power output slows down the generator and destabilize it. I guess phase match between generator and system is important here because of correlation between system bus angle difference and power flow. 4 days ago Unlike Like

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JelenaUnfollow Follow Jelena

Jelena Jukic You can synchronize (automatically) a generator to a power system with a digital excitation system. If you have a digital excitation system you can reduce phase differences between system and generator if you adjust limits and controller parameters or the allowed error in your program or in the SCADA system (if you have these opportunities). Two different power systems can be synchronized with phase shift transformers or with AC-DC-AC connections. p.s. sorry for my bed English 4 days ago Unlike Like

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poojaUnfollow Follow pooja pooja yogi you can use omicron synchronizer to test the synchronization between the two 2 days ago Unlike Like

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DavidUnfollow Follow David David Hartman Way back when, I helped to design a 500KVA portable power station with a diesel generator set. In order to come up with a simple phase match, we connected light bulbs across the transfer switch. We'd adjust the generator until all the lights were out, then close the transfer switch. If they wouldn't all go out we'd swap two of the phases and try again. 19 hours ago Unlike Like

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James WilliamUnfollow Follow James William James William Davies, MInstMC Feyzulla, Most of the contributors above show a reasonable understanding that you must adjust the voltage, speed fo the "Incoming generator" (generator which is being started) compared to the "Running BUS" (existing network) and also monitor the phase angle (speed-difference) using a synchroscope for manual sync or you can employ Automatic-sync device, both systems use separate backup synch safety relay. The principle of both methods is to adjust the AVR to control the "Incoming" generator terminal voltage and also adjust the mechanical drive fuel control to adjust speed to within the tolerances of speed match and voltage match. Thirdly the phase angle is monitored to enable CB closing only within a small window of opportunity which s a few degrees before and after top dead centre position of the synchroscope = "perfect speed match or Zero phase angle". It is important to realize that at the time of closing the circuit breaker there is virtually no power being delivered by the generator since it is perfectly matched to the system but this is actually dependent on the phase angle at the instant of closing the CB. For good synch operations it is normal to adopt the "super synch method" (super = above) where the phase angle is just a little faster than the BUS speed. Manually this is done by watching the synchroscope and adjusting speed so that the phase angle is seen to be just rotating in clockwise direction at a very slow rate and close the CB when the phase angle is close to TDC. The Auto synch device typically has its set points arranged for this feature too. The reason for super-sync is to ensure that there is some small positive power flow from the generator at CB closure to prevent drifting towards Reverse Power conditions until the loading of the generator has been carried out. Where multiple generators are used there will also be some time taken for the kW load sharing to become effective. As David also noted, there are many systems which still have twin light to provide a crude phase angle in addition to the synchroscope. James 9 hours ago Unlike Like

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NageenUnfollow Follow Nageen Nageen Jalal for synchronization u need to have phase angle ,frequency and voltage matching...during synchronization a synchroscope will be showing you whether u r getting done or not...and one other point is that if u have these three parameters matching and the synchronization check relay is not reset u will not not be getting the required results from synchroscope,i.e, it will not show that the unit is synchronized... and when the unit has synchronized then u will start loading it slowly either from SCADA or manually...

9 hours ago