INDIAN NATIONAL MOVEMENT--Can be divided in three phases--1 .Moderate phase (18851905) 2. Extremist Phase (1905---1919) 3.

Gandhian Phase (1919---1947)

1. Moderate Phase (1885---1905 *INC founded 1885-----(Lord Dufferin) *Moderate Leaders-----Dada Bhai Nauroji, Madan mohan Malviya, Gopal Krishna Gokhle, Pheroz Shah Mehta, SurendraNath Banerjee etc. *Drain Theory----given by Dadabhai nauroji(Criticism of British economic policies)

2. Extremist Phase (19051919) *started with British Govt.s decision of Bengal Partition in 1905 (East Bengal and Assam). Swadeshi movement started.(Lord Curzon). *moderates and Extremists slit in 1907---Surat split. *1916----Lucknow reunion. *three main centres of agitation----punjab---- Lala Lajpat rai Maharashtra---Bal Ganagadhar Tilak Bengal-----Aurobindo Ghosh *Home Rule League Movement (19161917)---TWO---Tillak in Poona, Beasant in Madras. Idea was to attain Home Rule on the lines of Australia and NewZealand. *Swaraj of today is within the empire and not independent of it---famous quote of Tilak

NATIONALIST NEWSPAPERS/PUBLICATIONS1.Maratha, Kesri-----B G Tilak 2.New Lamps for Old (Critique of Moderates)---Aurobindo Ghosh 3.New India---Annie Beasant

4.The Ghadar---Lala Hardayal (USA)The Ghadar Party

*Parties----Swaraj Party--------By Motilal Nehru Ghadar Party, Hindi association-------Lala Hardayal.(USA) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

GANDHIAN PHASE (19191947). Began with--*Anti Rowlett Satyagrah (1919)----------agnst Rowlett Act1919-----anybody can be detained without trial, wartime restrictions on civil rights made permanent.It was a non cooperation kinda satyagrah. *Jaliawala Bagh Massacre 13-04-1919---*General Dyer murdered by SARDAR UDHAM SINGH. *Khilafat Movement(1919)Delhi---Ali Brothers, Maulana Azad Then Congress started NON COOPERATION MOVEMENT (1919)--*Chauri Chaura incident in 1922 ---Gandhi withdrew the Non cooperation movement. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Three movements:

1.NON COOPERATION MOVEMENT 1919 2.CIVIL DISOBEDIENCE MOVEMENT 1930 (Dandi march of 12 march 1930 was a part of it) 3.QUIT INDIA MOVEMENT 1942 (WW2 was happening British tried Indian help, promised Independence, it failed)

1.NON COOPERATION MOVEMENT 1919launched by INC in the backdrop of Anti Rowlett and Khilafat movement. Was withdrawn in 1922 after Chauri chaura incident (Gorakhpur UP).

2.CIVIL DISOBEDIENCE MOVEMENT 1930 (started with Dandi march of 12 march 1930 was a part of it)-

Simon commission 1927---(all white commite for constitutional Reforms in India)INC, Hindu Mahasabha, Muslim league they all opposed it. Lala Lajpat Rai lost his life protesting in Lahore. All parties held a conference and appointed a sub committee under chairmanship of motilal Nehru who presented his report Known as Nehru report. They wanted Indian Dominion, self governing india.and no separate electorate for muslims, rather reservation of seats for them. *Irwin and British Govt were reluctant to give India Dominion status.Then Irwin proposed Round table Conference (RTC). *Congree LAHORE SESSION Dec1929 and poorna swarajya:----Congress pissed off.no participation in RTC, Jawaharlal Nehru replaced Motilal Nehru as INC president. Congress declared goal is poorna swarajya, celebrated Independence day on 26jan1930.tricolor hoisted. *However, Muslim League and Hindu mahasabha participated .London ghumne chalte hain *It was one of the happening phase. *Started with Dandi march happened on 12march1930. *Chittagong Armory by SuryaSen happened in Apr1930, the very next month. *As a result of CDM, DELHI PACT 1931 (British agreed to release all political prisoners except Bhagat Singh, Rajguru and sukhdev (Gandhi shouldve insisted people say;had he, there was a chance those three couldve been saved from execution) was signed b/w GANDHI and IRWIN.Gandhi agreed to withdraw CDM in return and also to participate in 2nd RTC. (He and INC hadnt participated in 1st RTC summoned in London for discussing Simon Commission Report) *Bhagat Singh Rajguru Sukhev were executed in 1931. Damn.

*2ND RTC (sept-dec1931) turned out to be a rather disappointment.British refused to give dominion status to India and proposed formation of two muslim majority states NWFP and Sind.(Ramsay Macdonalds announcement) *however for statutory matter, Macdonald agreed to appoint an Indian consultative committee. *COMMUNAL AWARD AND POONA ACT 1932 (GandiAmbedkar Poona Act)--after 6 months in 1932 Macdonald announced communal award, saying minorities will have separate electorate. Depressed class was also declared as minority and they will also have separate electorate. Gandhi pissed off, met ziddi Ambedkar. Since Ambedkar was Ziddi, Gandhi went on fast unto death in yerwada Jail. Ambedkarji aye aur maan gaye.

*CDM was formally withdrawn in 1934. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

THEN FOR QUITE SOMETIME NOTHING MUCH EXCITING HAPPENED, 3RD RTC WAS CALLED IN LONDON (1932) . INC DIDNT GO. IT LED TO PASSING OF GOVT OF INDIA ACT 1935. ATMOSPHERE BECAME TURBULANT WHEN WW2 CAME.

Cripps Mission 1942 ----(Burma fell to Japanesewar aa gayihelp chahiye).dominion status agreedpost war constitution making body promised, sare provincial princes ki body hogi Gandhi said.proposals are Post dated cheques in a crashing bank. Indians had nothing to do with WW2..fir kyu British attitude to the Indians left in Burma wasnt good..Gandhi said Quit India 3.QUIT INDIA MOVEMENT 1942---Started in Bombay 1942. Gandhi said to Indians Do or Die *INA was formed by Mohan Singh in 1943 by Mohan Singh in Singapore *IlL was formed in Japan and Rasbehari Bose became its President.