MECHANISM OF INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION ACTION Acetazolamide is an Hypersensitivity to enzyme inhibitor that acts Glaucoma carbonic anhydrase particularly on carbonic

ic (lowers inhibitor GENERIC NAME: anhydrase. Carbonic intraocular Hypersensitivity to Acetazolamide anhydrase is the enzyme pressure in the sulfonamides that converts carbon treatment of Depressed levels BRAND NAME: dioxide and water to glaucoma) of serum Diamox carbonic acid (H2CO3). Epilepsy potassium and Carbonic anhydrase Congestive sodium inhibitors, such as heart failure Marked kidney and CLASSIFICATION: Acetazolamide inhibits Drug-induced liver disease carbonic anhydrase in the edema Suprarenal grand Carbonic Anhydrase tissues and fluid thus, Altitude sickness failure Inhibitor decreasing carbonic acid (mountain sickness Hyperchloremic in the body. disease In the eye, the inhibitory Concurrent use of DOSAGE: 500 mg/ action of Acetazolamide ophthalmic carbonic tab decreases the secretion of anhydrase inhibitors aqueous humor that (brinzolamide, lowers the intraocular dorzolamide) pressure which is Adrenal gland failure ROUTE: Oral desirable in glaucoma. In (Addisons disease) the central nervous Sickle cell anemia system (CNS), restrained Chronic nonFREQUENCY: TID carbonic anhydrase congestive glaucoma retards the abnormal and Use cautiously in paroxysmal excessive Chronic respiratory discharge from the disease neurons of CNS. Diabetes Mellitus In the kidneys, carbonic Second or third acid is excreted due to the trimester of inhibited carbonic pregnancy

DRUG NAME

DRUGS EFFECT

NSG. CONSIDERATION

Depression 1. 1. Monitor individuals Tiredness taking acetazolamide Body malaise with primidone and Drowsiness and confusion carbamazepine. Aceta Transient zolamide may increase nearsightedness the blood levels of Anorexia carbamazepine and Metallic taste quinidine and may Nausea and vomiting decrease the blood Crystalluria levels of primidone. Renal calculi 2. Instruct the patient to Rashes avoid taking aspirin Hyperglycemia with Acetazolamide. Hyperchloremic acidosis Increase in side effects Hypokalemia such as drowsiness, Aplastic anemia confusion, lethargy, Hemolytic anemia hyperventilation and Leucopenia ringing in the ears Weight loss when acetazolamide is Paresthesias taken with aspirin. Tingling feeling of the 3. Monitor electrolyte extremities levels. Polyuria Polydipsia Blushing Headache Irritability Photosensitivity (rare) Occasional adverse reactions: Urticaria Melena

anhydrase function. The result is renal loss of bicarbonate which carries out sodium, potassium and water. Alkalinization of urine and diuresis then takes place.

Lactation History of kidney stones

Hematuria Glycosuria Hepatic insufficiency Flaccid paralysis During long-term therapy, an acidotic state may occasionally appear. This can managed or corrected by the administration of bicarbonate.