ROBBINS'CH.'21-23'MOST'COMMONS' ! Most!common!! Sarcoma!of!infancy/childhood!=!embryonal!rhabdomyosarcoma! Sarcoma!in!adult!bladder!=!leiomyosarcoma! Bacterial!epididymitis!<!35!=!C.!trachomatis!&!N.!gonorrheae! Bacterial!epididymitis!>!35!=!E.!coli!&!Pseudomonas! Testicular!tumor!of!infants!<!3!=!Yolk!sac!tumor! Cancer!in!men!=!Adenocarcinoma!of!the!prostate! Location!of!prostate!cancer!=!posterior!&!peripheral!zone! Cause!of!granulomatous!prostatitis!=!instillation!of!BCG!w/in!the!bladder!for! treatment!of!superficial!bladder!cancer! Testicular!germ!cell!tumor!=!seminoma! Vulvar!cancer!=!SCC! Cervical!cancer!=!SCC! 2nd!most!common!cervical!cancer!=!adenocarcinoma!

nocarcinoma! Benign!metastasizing!leiomyoma!most!commonly!goes!to!the!lung! Cause!of!hematosalpinx!=!ectopic!pregnancy! CAQ125!=!80%!of!patients!w/!serous!&!endometrioid!tumors! Tumor!of!female!breast!=!fibroadenoma! NonQskin!malignancy!in!women!=!breast!carcinoma! 2nd!most!common!malignant!ovarian!tumor!of!germ!cell!origin!=!yolk!sac!tumor! o SchillerQDuval!bodies! ExtraQmullerian!tumors!that!are!metastatic!to!the!ovary!=!carcinomas!of!the! breast!and!GI!tract! Most!common!site!for!leiomyomas!=!intramural! Origin!for!ovarian!tumors!=!surface!epithelial!cells! Type!of!degenerative!change!seen!in!fibroids!=!Hyaline!Acellularity! 2nd!most!common!cause!of!cancer!related!to!deaths!in!women!=!breast!cancer! Benign!paratesticular!tumor!=!adenomatoid!tumor! Testicular!germ!cell!tumor!=!seminoma!

ROBBINS'Ch.'24-26'MOST'COMMONS' ! MOST!COMMON! ! Ch.'24' Cause!of!hyperpituitarism!=!pituitary!adenoma!in!the!anterior!lobe! 2nd!most!common!type!of!functioning!pituitary!adenoma!=!Growth!Hormone!Cell! Adenoma! Cause!of!hypothyroidism!in!iodineBsufficient!areas!of!world!=!autoimmune! hypothyroidism! Cause!of!thyroid!pain!=!Subacute!thyroiditis/Granulomatous!thyroiditis/De! Quervian!thyroiditis! Malignant!neoplasms!of!the!thyroid!=!papillary!carcinoma! Clinically!significant!congenital!anomaly!of!the!thyroid!=!thyroglossal!duct!cyst! cause!of!clinically!apparent!hypercalcemia!=!malignancy! cause!of!primary!hyperparathyroidism!=!solitary!parathyroid!adenoma! cause!of!secondary!hyperparathyroidism!=!renal!failure! ! Ch.'25' type!of!melanoma!=!superficial!spreading! 2nd!most!common!tumor!on!sun!exposed!sites!in!older!people!=!SCC! invasive!cancer!in!humans!=!BCC! fibrous!histiocytoma!=!dermatofibroma! Type!of!wart!=!verruca!vulgaris! Inflammatory!skin!disease!=!eczema! ! Ch.'26' Disease!of!the!growth!plate!and!common!cause!of!dwarfism!=!achondroplasia! Lethal!form!of!dwarfism!=!thanatophoric!dwarfism! Primary!malignant!tumor!of!bone!=!osteosarcoma! Benign!bone!tumor!=!osteochondroma! 2nd!most!common!malignant!matrix!producing!tumor!of!bone!=!chondrosarcoma! Osteosarcomas!are!most!frequently!located!=!about!the!knee! Chondrosarcomas!are!most!frequently!located!=!pelvis,!shoulder,!ribs! Form!of!skeletal!malignancy!=!metastasis! Soft!tissue!tumor!of!adulthood!=!lipoma! Soft!tissue!sarcoma!of!childhood!and!adolescence!=!rhabdomyosarcoma! Cutaneous!lesion!of!RA!=!rheumatoid!nodules! Mesenchymal!neoplasm!of!the!hand,!commonly!involving!tendon!sheaths!along! the!wrists!and!fingers!=!localized!tenosynovial!giantBcell!tumor! !

ROBBINS'Ch.'27'&'28'MOST'COMMONS' ! Ch.'27:' Most!common!Types!of!nerves!involved!in!Peripheral!neuropathy!in!type!2!diabetes!=!distal! sensory!and!motor!nerves! 2!most!common!forms!of!muscular!dystrophy!=!Duchennes!Muscular!Dystrophy!(DMD)!&! Beckers!Muscular!Dystrophy!(BMD)! paraneoplastic!disorder!most!commonly!associated!with!Small!Cell!Carcinoma!of!the!Lung!=! LambertFEaton!Myasthenic!Syndrome! ! Ch.'28:' Most!common!microorganism(s)!that!cause!Acute!Pyogenic!Meningitis!in:! o NEONATES!=!E.!coli!&!group!B!Streptococcus! o INFANTS!=!Streptococcus!pneumonia! o ADOLESCENTS!&!YOUNG!ADULTS!=!Neisseria!meningitides! o ELDERLY!=!Streptococcus!pneumonia!&!Listeria!monocytogenes! Most!common!location!of!Subdural!hemorrhages!=!beneath!the!dura!on!the!lateral!aspects!of!the! cerebral!hemispheres! Most!common!cause!of!subarachnoid!hemorrhage!=!berry!aneurysm! Lewy!bodies!are!most!commonly!associated!with!=!Parkinson!Disease! Most!common!group!of!primary!brain!tumors!=!gliomas! o Astrocytoma! o Oligodendroglioma! o Ependymoma! Most!common!primary!brain!tumor!in!adults!=!infiltrating!astrocytoma! Most!common!origin!of!brain!lymphomas!=!B!cell! Most!common!tumor!that!occurs!predominantly!in!children!and!exclusively!in!the!cerebellum!=! medulloblastoma! Most!common!cells!susceptible!to!Global!Cerebral!Ischemia!of!short!duration!=!! o Pyramidal&cells&in&CA1&of&hippocampus& o Purkinje&cells&of&the&cerebellum& o Cortical2Pyramidal2Neurons2 Most!common!underlying!diseases!seen!with!saccular!aneurysms!=!2 o Ehlers7Danlos&syndrome2 o Marfans&syndrome2 o Neurofibromatosis&type&12 o Polycystic&kidney&disease2 Most!common!characteristic(s)!of!Acute!Bacterial!Meningitis!=!2 o Cloudy/Purulent!CSF2 o Exudate!w/in!the!leptomeninges!over!the!surface!of!the!brain2 Most!common!pattern!of!Chronic!Bacterial!Meningoencephalitis!!Tuberculosis!=!Diffuse! meningoencephalitis2 Most!common!species!that!cause!Fungal!Meningoencephalitis!=!2 o Candida!albicans2 o Mucor!species2 o Asperguillus!fumigatus2 o Cryptococcus!neoformans2 Most!commonly!encountered!brain!invading!fungi!=!Candida!and!Cryptococcus2 Most!common!prion!disease!=!CreutzfeltFJakob!Disease!(CJD)2 Most!common!route!for!infectious!microbes!to!enter!the!nervous!system!=!hematogenous! spread2 Most!common!route!CJD!is!transmitted!=!Sporadic2

Most!common!cause!of!hydrocephalus!=!the!obstruction!of!CSF!circulation!by!mechanisms2 Most!common!cause!of!thrombosis!=!atherosclerosis2 Most!frequent!sites!of!thrombotic!occlusion!=!carotid!bifurcation!and!middle!cerebral!artery2 Most!frequent!sight!of!embolic!occlusion!=!middle!cerebral!artery2 Most!common!cause!of!intracerebral!hemorrhage!=!hypertension2 o Most!commonly!occurs!=!basal!ganglia/thalamus2 Most!common!demyelinating!disease!of!the!brain!=!multiple!sclerosis2 Most!important!cause!of!dementia!=!Alzheimer!disease2 Most!common!cause!of!parkinsonism!=!idiopathic!Parkinson!disease2 Most!common!primary!intracranial!neoplasm!=!glioblastoma!multiforme2 nd 2 !most!common!primary!intracranial!neoplasm!=!meningioma2 rd 3 !most!common!intracranial!neoplasm!=!schwannoma2