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Since the acceleration is horizontal, the sum of the vertical The Fnorm acts opposite of and balances the Fpe rp .
forces must equal 0 N. So Fgrav = Fy + Fnorm .
www.physicsclassroom.com/reviews/F2D/F2Dans.cfm#14 1/5
8/9/13 Newton's Laws Applications
forces must equal 0 N. So Fgrav = Fy + Fnorm .
So Fnorm = Fpe rp = 364 N
Therefore Fnorm = Fgrav - Fy = 55 N.
Knowing Fnorm and mu, the Ffrict can be determined:
Knowing Fnorm and mu, the Ffrict can be determined:
Ffrict = mu•Fnorm = 0.2*(364 N) = 73 N
Ffrict = mu•Fnorm = 0.5*(55 N) = 27.5 N
Now the forces parallel to the incline can be summed:
Now the horizontal forces can be summed:
∑F|| = F|| + Ffrict = 210, down to left + 73 N, up to right
∑Fx = Fx + Ffrict = 52 N, right + 27.5 N, left
∑F|| = 137 N, down to left
∑Fx = 24.5 N, right
Using Newton's second law, ∑F|| = m•a ||
Using Newton's second law, ∑Fx = m•a x
So a|| = (137 N)/(42 kg) = 3.3 m/s/s
So a x = (24.5 N)/(8 kg) = 3.1 m/s/s, right (3.06... m/s/s)
19.
18.
ma x = Fte ns - Ffrict
The Fnorm supporting the 9-kg system is ~90 N.
Since Ffrict = mu•Fnorm and Fnorm = 2.5 N
So the Ffrict acting upon the system is:
The Ffrict is (0.1)*(2.5 N) = 0.25 N.
So if ∑Fsyste m = 22.5 N, right and Ffrict = 18 N, left, the (0.250 kg)•a x = Fte ns - 0.25 N
rightward Ftens1 must equal 40.5 N.
The Fte ns2 force is found inside the system; as such it can
Analyzing the Fy forces on the 50-g mass yields:
not be determined through a system analysis. To
determine the Fte ns2 , one of the individual masses must be
ma y = Fgrav - Fte ns
isolated and a free-body analysis must be conducted for it.
Substituting m and Fgrav values into equation 3 yeilds:
The 3-kg mass is selected and analyzed:
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8/9/13 Newton's Laws Applications
Substituting m and Fgrav values into equation 3 yeilds:
The 3-kg mass is selected and analyzed:
The Fnorm and Fgrav balance each other; their value is ~30 Equation 4 provides an expression for Ftens; this can be
N. The Ffrict on the 3-kg mass is: substituted into equation 2:
Ffrict = mu•Fnorm = 0.20*(30 N) = 6 N, left (0.250 kg)•a x = (0.500 N) - (0.050 kg)*a y - 0.25 N
The net force on the 3-kg object is: Now since both masses accelerate at the same rate, a x =a y
∑Fx = m•a x = (3 kg)•(2.5 m/s/s) = 7.5 N, right and the above equation can be simplified into an equation
with 1 unknown - the acceleration (a):
The horizontal forces must sum up to the net force on the
3-kg object; So (0.250 kg)•a = (0.500 N) - (0.050 kg)*a - 0.25 N
∑Fx = m•a x = Fte ns2 (right) + Ffrict (left) After a few algebra steps, the acceleration can be found:
Ftens = 0.458 N
21.
F|| = 414.2 N
Fte ns - 1.00 N = (0.100 kg)•a y The above process can be repeated for object 2. The ∑Fy =
m•a y equation can now be written:
Equation 2 can be rearranged to obtain an expression for
the tension force: ∑Fy = m•a y
This expression for Fte ns can be substituted into equation (980 N) - Fte ns = m•a y
1 in order to obtain a single equation with acceleration (a y)
as the unknown. The a y value can be solved for. The separate free-body analyses have provided two
equations with two unknowns; the task at hand is to use
2.00 N -[(0.100 kg)•a y + 1.00 N] = (0.200 kg)•a y these two equations to solve for Ftens and a.
a y = (1.00 N)/(0.300 kg) = 3.33 m/s/s Since both objects accelerate together at the same rate,
the ax for object 1 is equal to the ay value for object 2. The
Now with a y known, its value can be substituted into subscripts x and y can be dropped and a can be inserted
into each equation.
equation 3 in order to determine the tension force:
(980 N) - m•a = Fte ns
Fte ns = (0.100 kg)•a y + 1.00 N
= 2•m•a
1.27 m/s2 = a
Ftens = 853 N
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