OR 10. a) Explain the working principle of a centrifugal compressor b) A rotary compressor has a pressure compression ratio of 4 to 1.

It compresses air at the rate of 9 kg/s. The initial pressure and temperature are 1 bar and 250c. The adiabatic (isentropic) efficiency is 0.86. Take = 1.4 & Cp = 1.005 KJ/k Determine: (a) the final pressure and temperature (b) the energy required to drive the compressor 6

[Nov-11] [EURME-303]

B.Tech. DEGREE EXAMINATION MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

III SEMESTER APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS-I
(Effective from the admitted batch 200809)

Time: 3 Hours
6

Max.Marks: 60

[8/III S/111]

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Instructions: Each Unit carries 12 marks. Answer all units choosing one question from each unit. All parts of the unit must be answered in one place only. Figures in the right hand margin indicate marks allotted. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

UNIT-I 1. a) Show that energy is a property of a system b) A piston and cylinder machine contains a fluid system which passes through a complete cycle of four processes. During a cycle, the sum of all heat transfers is -170 KJ. The system completes 100 cycles per min. Complete the following table showing the method for each item, and compute the net rate of work output in KW Process Q (KJ/min) W (KJ/min) E (KJ/min) a-b b-c c-d d-a 0 21,000 -2,100 2,170 0 OR 2. a) What is the difference between a closed system and an open system? 4 -36,600 7 5

OR b) In a steam power station, steam flows steadily through a 0.2m diameter pipeline from the boiler to the turbine. At The boiler end, the steam conditions are found to be : p = 4 MPa, t = 4000C, h = 3213.6 KJ/Kg and V = 0.073 m3/kg. At the turbine end, the conditions are found to be : p = 3.5 MPa, t = 3920c, h = 3202.6 KJ/kg and v = 0.084 m3/kg. There is a heat loss of 8.5 KJ/kg from the pipeline. Calculate the steam flow rate 8 UNIT-II 3. a) What is a heat pump? How does it differ form a refrigerator? b) A fluid undergoes a reversible adiabatic compression from 0.5MPa, 0.2m3 to 0.05 m3 according to the law PV1.3 = constant. Determine the change in enthalpy, internal energy and entropy and the heat transfer and work transfer during the process OR 4. a) What do you understand by high grade energy and low grade energy? b) Air expands through a turbine from 500kpa, 5200c to 100 kpa, 3000C. During expansion 10 KJ/kg of heat is lost to the surroundings which is at 98 kpa, 200C. Neglecting the K.E and P.E. changes determine per kg of air (a) The decrease in availability (b) the maximum work and (c) the irreversibility. For air, take Cp = 1.005 KJ/kgk, h = Cp T where Cp is constant and the P,V and T are related as PV = MRT where R = 0.287 KJ/kgk UNIT-III 5. 0.1 m3 of steam at a pressure of 30 bar and dryness fraction 0.8 expands to 4.2 bar. Calculate the dryness of steam at end of expansion, work done and heat flow from or to the cylinder if a) the expansion is hyperbolic and b) the expansion is isentropic, if the latter is represented by the equation PVn = C 5 5 6. A cyclic steam power plant is to be designed for a steam temperature at turbine inlet of 3600C and an exhaust pressure of 0.08 bar. After isentropic expansion of steam in the turbine, the moisture content at the turbine exhaust is not to exceed 15% . Determine the greatest allowable steam pressure at the turbine inlet, and calculate the Rankine cycle efficiency for these steam conditions. Estimate also the mean temperature of heat addition UNIT-IV 7. a) Compare 4-stroke engine and 2-stroke engine b) An engine working on the Otto cycle is supplied with air at 0.1 MPa, 350C. The compression ratio is 8. Heat supplied is 2100 KJ/kg. Calculate the maximum pressure and temperature of the cycle, the cycle efficiency and the mean effective pressure (for air, Cp =1.005, Cv = 0.718 and R = 0.287 KJ/kg.k) OR 8. a) Derive the Air standard efficiency expression for the diesel cycle b) An air standard dual cycle has a compression ratio of 16, and compression begins at 1 bar, 500c. The maximum pressure is 70 bar. The heat transferred to air at constant pressure is equal to that at constant volume. Estimate (a) the pressures and temperatures at the cardinal points of the cycle (b) the cycle efficiency and (c) the m.e.p of the cycle, CV = 0.718 KJ/kg k, Cp = 1.005 KJ/kg.k UNIT-V 7 9. a) How do you classify the reciprocating compressor? b) Determine the cylinder dimensions of a double acting 10KW air compressor which compresses air from 1 bar pressure to 7 bar according to the law PV1.2 = C. Average piston speed is 150 m/minute. Assume stroke to diameter ratio as 1.5 : 1 and neglect clearance volume 5 6

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