Maths 4

th
ESO
EXAM 1_2 ( Surds Algebra)
1) Work out and simplify: (2 p)
a) =
+
+

1 3
3
-
1 3
2 3

= + 63 2 8 3 28 8 7 10 b)

2) Work out and simplify: (2.5 p)
a)
( )
( )
=
+

2 2
2
1 x
x 3
1 x
1
2
1 x

b) =
+

\
|
+

x 2 x
1 x
2 x
x 2
x 2
3
2

3) Solve the equations: (2.5 p)
a) 2
1 x
x 2
1 x 2 x
x 4
2
=
+

+ +

b) 0 16 x 20 x 8 x
2 3
= +

4) Find two consecutive numbers whose squares added together equal 145.
(1.5 p)

5) A rectangle is 4 times as long as it is wide. If the length is increased by 4 cm
and the width is decreased by 1 cm, the area will be 60 cm
2
. What were the
dimensions of the original rectangle? (1.5 p)
Maths 4
th
ESO
SOLUTION
1) Work out and simplify:
a)
( )( )
( )( )
( )
( )( )
( )( )

+ +
=
+

+
+ +
=
+
+
2
2
1 3
1 3 2 3
1 3 1 3
1 3 3
1 3 1 3
1 3 2 3
1 3
3
-
1 3
2 3

( )
1 3 2
2
2 3 4
2
3 3
2
2 3 3 2 3
1 3
1 3 3
2
2
+ =
+
=

+ + +
=

= + = + 7 3 2 2 3 7 2 8 7 10 63 2 8 3 28 8 7 10 b)
2 3 2

2 6 7 6 2 6 7 16 7 10 = + =

2) Work out and simplify:
a)
( )
( )
( )( )
( )( ) ( )
( )
( ) ( )
=
+

=
+

+

=
+

2 2 2 2
2
1 x
x 3
1 x 2
1 x
1 x
x 3
1 x 1 x 2
1 x 1 x
1 x
x 3
1 x
1
2
1 x

( )( )
( ) ( ) ( )
2
2
2 2
1 x 2
1 x 6 x
1 x 2
x 6
1 x 2
1 x 1 x
+

=
+

+
+
=
b)
( )
( ) ( )
=
+

|
|

\
|
+

+
+
=
+

\
|
+

x 2 x
1 x
2 x x 2
x 2 x 2
2 x x 2
2 x 3
x 2 x
1 x
2 x
x 2
x 2
3
2 2

( ) ( )
( )
( ) 1 x 2
6 x 3 x 4
1 x
2 x x
2 x x 2
6 x 3 x 4
x 2 x
1 x
2 x x 2
x 4 6 x 3
2 2
2
2

+ +
=

+
+ +
=
+

|
|

\
|
+
+
=
3) Solve the equations:
a) 2
1 x
x 2
1 x 2 x
x 4
2
=
+

+ +

( )
2
1 x LCD + =
( )
( )( )
( )
( )
( )
( ) ( ) 1 x 2 x 2 x 2 x x 2 x 4
1 x
1 x 2
1 x
1 x x 2
1 x
x 4
2 2
2
2
2 2
+ + = +
+
+
=
+
+

( )

=
=
= + = + + + = + +
6 x
0 x
0 6 x x 0 x 6 x 2 x 4 x 2 x 2 x x 2 x 4
2 2 2

b) 0 16 x 20 x 8 x
2 3
= + ; Factors of 16: 16 8 4 2 1 , , , ,
( ) 0 16 20 8 1 1 P
3
+ = ; ( ) 0 16 20 8 1 1 P = ;
( ) 0 16 2 20 4 8 2 2 P
3
= + =
1 -8 +20 -16

2
4
2
4 6
x 0 8 x 6 x
2
=

= = +
2 2 -12 +16
1 -6 +8 0
Maths 4
th
ESO
( ) ( )
4
2
x 0 4 x 2 x 0 16 x 20 x 8 x
2 2 3
= = = + ROOTS

4) Find two consecutive numbers whose squares added together equal 145.
Numbers: x, x+1
( ) 0 144 x 2 x 2 145 1 x 2 x x 145 1 x x
2 2 2 2 2
= + = + + + = + +
9
8
2
17 1
2
288 1 1
x 0 72 x x
2

=

=
+
= = +
Answer: Consecutive numbers
8 9
9 8
,
,

5) A rectangle is 4 times as long as it is wide. If the length is increased by 4 cm
and the width is decreased by 1 cm, the area will be 60 cm
2
. What were the
dimensions of the original rectangle?

Length new rectangle 4x + 4
Width new rectangle x 1
Area new rectangle 60
( )( ) 4 16 x 0 64 x 4 60 4 x 4 x 4 x 4 60 1 x 4 x 4
2 2
= = = = + = +
So x = 8 cm, Dimensions of the original rectangle: 4 cm x 16 cm