Lecture Goals

EE 332
Reviewing of concepts related to: RC Low Pass Filter RC High Pass Filter Bode Plots for Low Pass Filter Bode Plots for High Pass Filter

DEVICES AND CIRCUITS II

Lecture 21
FREQUENCY RESPONSE (1)

REVIEWFORPASSIVECIRCUITS /RCLOWPASSFILTER Impedanceofacapacitoris

R vi C

REVIEWFORPASSIVECIRCUITS /RCLOWPASSFILTER

ZC =
vo

1 sC
vi

Evaluate the transfer function at s = j: H(j) =

C vo

Byvoltagedivision:
v0 ( s ) = v i ( s ) 1 sC R+ 1 sC 1 v0 ( s ) 1 sC H ( s) = = = v i ( s ) R + 1 1 + sRC sC

1 1 + j RC

Transferfunction

1 1 + j 2 fRC 1 since: fc = 2 RC 1 H(jf) = f 1+ j fc H(jf) =

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REVIEWFORPASSIVECIRCUITS /RCLOWPASSFILTER
R vi C

REVIEWOFBODEPLOTS: (AMPLITUDEONLY) TheBodePlotisarepresentationoftheamplitude ofthetransferfunction

For f << fc:

vo

vo 1 vi vo f j c 0 vi f vo 1 = vi 1+ j

For f >> fc: For f = fc:

Everyzeroresultsinanincreaseof20dB/decadeintheslopeof thefrequencyresponse Everypoleresultsinandecreaseof20dB/decadeintheslopeof thefrequencyresponse Thecutofffrequenciesarethefrequenciesatwhichthe magnitudeofthetransferfunctionis3dBlowerthanH(s) midband(maximum)value Theunitygainfrequencyisthoseatwhichthemagnitudeofthe transferfunctionis1

BODEPLOTS /RCLOWPASSFILTER
AsymptoticBodePlotofRClowpassfilter:
20 log10
0dB

REVIEWFORPASSIVECIRCUITS /RCHIGHPASSFILTER
Impedanceofacapacitoris
C

vo vi
Fc f,log

For f << fc :

vo 1 vi

ZC =
R vo

1 sC

vi

v f For f >> fc : o j c 0 vi f v 1 For f = fc : o = vi 1 + j

Byvoltagedivision:
V0 (s) = Vi (s) = R R+ 1 sC V (s) R s H(s) = 0 = = 1 1 Vi (s) R+ s+ sC RC

Slope=20dB/decade

Transferfunction

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REVIEWFORPASSIVECIRCUITS /RCHIGHPASSFILTER
AsymptoticBodePlotofRChighpassfilter:
20log10 vo vi

REVIEWFORPASSIVECIRCUITS /RCHIGHPASSFILTER
AsymptoticBodePlotofRChighpassfilter:
20log10 vo vi

0dB

Fc Slope=20dB/decade

Evaluate the transfer function at s = j: jRC H(j) = 1 + jRC j2 fRC H(jf) = f,log 1 + j2 fRC 1 2 RC f j fc H(jf) = f 1+ j fc since: fc =

0dB

Fc f,log Slope=20dB/decade

For f << fc: For f >> fc: For f = fc:

vo f j 0 vi fc vo 1 vi vo j = vi 1 + j

AMORECOMPLEXCIRCUIT
Formorecomplexcircuits,canestimatethetime constant(RC)byconsideringcapacitorsatatimeAS LONGAStheydonotinteract R R Example: Z = R / / C = sC =
1 1

AMORECOMPLEXCIRCUIT
20 log10
0dB

vo vi
fc f,log

R1 R1 + R2 H ( s) = RR 1+ s 1 2 C R1 + R2 R1 R2 = R1 / / R2 = REQ R1 + R2 H ( jf ) = Ao Ao = 1 + j 2 REQ C 1 + j f fc 1 2 REQ C

R2

R1 + sC

1 + sR1C

vi

R1

vo

R1 1 + sR1C vo Z1 = H (s) = = R1 vi Z 1 + R2 + R2 1 + sR1C H ( s) = R1 R1 + R2 + sR1 R2 C R1 R1 + R2 RR 1+ s 1 2 C R1 + R2

20log10 Ao

where f c =

H ( s) =

Lookingintocircuitattwopinsofthecapacitor,REQ=R1//R2

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ANOTHERMORECOMPLEXCIRCUIT Byinspecting,
R EQ = R1 + R2
R2

ANOTHERMORECOMPLEXCIRCUIT
vo vi
fc fz f,log

then 1 fc = 2 R EQ C
vo

20log10
R1 + 1 sC 1 sC

C vi

H ( s) =

1+ j f 1+ j f

fz fc

R1

vo = H (s) = vi

0dB

R1 + R2 +

H ( s) =

1+ j f fz 1 + sR1C = 1 + s ( R1 + R2 )C 1 + j f fc

R1 R1 + R2

f 0( DC ) f

vo =1 vi

fz =

1 2 R1C

vo R1 = vi R1 + R2

EXAMPLE
VDD Ri Vi Ci I1 M1 VO CL

EXAMPLE
ANSWER
VDD Ri Vi Ci I1 M1 VO CL

Thecircuitdepictsasource followerusedinahighquality audioamplifier.HereRi establishesagatebiasvoltage equaltoVDD forM1,andI1 definesthedrainbiascurrent. Find:Cimin andCLmax Given:
gm = (200 )1 ; Ri = 100 k

Ciishighpass,
f low = 1 < 20 Hz 2 R i C i 1 2 3.14 100 k 20 Hz = 79.6 nF C i m in = C i m in

CLislowpass,
f high = 1 > 20 kHz 2 rs C L 1 2 3.14 1 / g m 20 kHz C i m ax =

C i m ax = 39.8 nF

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