PC Bts

1 N0KlA Power ConLrol.PP!j 06.11.
2000 j NlLhl Company confidential

Powcr LonIro|
J. NlLhlanaLhan
2 N0KlA Power ConLrol.PP!j 06.11.2000 j NlLhl Company confidential
A0LN0A
lnLroducLlon
0en Loo Power ConLrol
Pandon Access Procedure
FasL Loo Power ConLrol
0uLer Loo Power ConLrol
Mlscellaneous !olcs orn Power ConLrol
Sunnary
InIroducIon
Powcr LonIro| (PL)
wC0MA ls lnLerference llnlLed
Power conLrol ls necessary for each user Lo LrasnlL and recelve jusL
enouqh ower causlnq nlnlnun lnLerference Lo oLher users
Secondary advanLaqe ls Lhe reduced baLLery consunLlon for bE's
bE Lracks P-CPlCR, l.e, lL reaches frequency, sloL u scranbllnq code
synchronlzaLlon before PC sLarLs
PC ls connecLlon based
ln Lhe case of a nulLlservlce connecLlon, Lhe ower conLrol (fasL) LarqeL
seL Lo Lhe hlqhesL of Lhe all servlces ln use
!he naln neasurenenL araneLer SlP ls used for PC
E
c
jl
o
ls neasured and equal Lo PSCPjPSSl. SlP ls calculaLed nulLllylnq
E
c
jl
o
wlLh SF ln Lhe bL and SFj2 ln Lhe 0L.
PL for Mu|Iscrvcc conccIon
Seech
servlce
vldeo
servlce
web
browslnq
Air interface:
Common fast PC
for all services
One target for fast
PC
PNL
Estimate the quality for
each service
Set target according to
the service requiring
highest target for
fast PC
FasL PC
8S
0ne hyslcal
connecLlon
Set target
for fast PC
Pecelved
daLa for all
servlces
N0KlA Power ConLrol.PP!j 06.11.2000 j NlLhl Company confidential
LffccI of Jx B Px Powcrs on InIcrfcrcncc Lcvc|s
0ownllnk Lransnlsslon ower -
lnLerference Lo Lhe neLwork
bllnk recelved ower -
lnLerference Lo own cell users
bllnk Lransnlsslon ower -
lnLerference Lo oLher cells
Slnce every !x and Px ower ls causlnq lnLerference Lo oLhers, PC ls necessary Lo
llnlL Lhe lnLerference
Powcr LonIro| Loops
0en Loo PC (ConLrols !x ower of PACR u FACR)
MS esLlnLes aLh loss beLween bE u 8!S
FACR ls conLrolled by sendlnq quallLy lnfornaLlon on
PACR
FasL Closed Loo PC (ConLrols !x ower of 0CR)
0uLer Loo PC (ConLrols !x ower of 0CR)
0L ower conLrol for NP!-Lrafflc
PeLransnlsslon roLocol does noL necesslLaLe fasL ower
conLrol
LlnlLed 0L ower ralse or slower 0L ower conLrol raLe
(800Rz)
Powcr LonIro| Loops
EffecLlve ower conLrol ls essenLlal ln wC0MA due Lo frequency re-use
facLor of one (ln ldeal case)
FasI powcr conIro|
nakes EbjNo requlrenenLs lower
equallzes recelved owers aL 8!S ln ullnk (avolds near-far effecL)
lnLroduces lnLerference eaks ln Lhe Lransnlsslon
0pcn |oop powcr conIro| for LQLWLDOower seLLlnq of Lhe bE
0uIcr PL |oop aL a slower raLe, across Lhe lub lnLerface ln ullnk
AdjusLs Lhe SlP LarqeL Lo achleve a LarqeL 8LEPj8EP deendlnq on
Lhe bE seed
Avallable nulLlaLh dlverslLy
bE ower conLrol dynanlcs (close Lo eak ower)
SR0 branches
!here ls also slnllar ouLer loo ower conLrol ln bE
0pcn Loop Powcr LonIro|
0pcn Loop Powcr LonIro|
Purose: !o seL Lhe lnlLlal LransnlLLed ower of PPACR u 0PCCR ln Lhe
bL and 0PCR u FACR ln Lhe 0L
bE deLernlnes Lhe ullnk reanble ower of PPACR
bE PPACR FlrsL Preanble Power -
!ransnlsslon ower of CPlCR (8roadcasL on 8CR) -
0ownllnk PSCP neasurenenL of acLlve cell on CPlCR (Measured by bE) +
!oLal recelved wldeband lnLerference ower aL wC0MA 8!S (8roadcasL on
8CR) +
Pequlred recelved SlP aL Lhe wC0MA 8!S (8roadcasL on 8CR)
bE deLernlnes Lhe bL ower of 0PCCR as follows
0PCCR lnlLlal ower - bllnk 0PCCR ower offseL (SenL by PNC) - 0ownllnk
PSCP neasurenenL of acLlve cell on CPlCR (Measured by bE)
FACR fron 8!S ls flxed and seL on a er-cell basls (PAN1)
0en loo PC ls a arL of randon access rocedure for PPACR channel
Pandom Acccss Proccdurc
bE LransnlLs Lhe flrsL reanble wlLh Lhe ower deLernlned by bL oen
loo PC
lf Lhe bE does noL deLecL any acqulslLlon lndlcaLor ln AlCR, lL lncreases
Lhe reanble !x ower by a seclfled offseL P
o
lf Lhe bE deLecLs Lhe oslLlve lndlcaLor ln AlCR, lL LransnlLs Lhe
randon access nessaqe, 8 or 4 access sloLs afLer Lhe bL access sloL of
Lhe lasL LransnlLLed reanble
!he !x ower of Lhe conLrol arL of randon access nessaqe should be
P
-n
hlqher Lhan Lhe lasL LransnlLLed reanble ower
!he requlred ower offseL values for randon access rocedure
Power offseL beLween Lhe reanble and conLrol arL nessaqe ln PPACR(P
-n
)
Power offseL when no acqulslLlon lndlcaLor ls noL recelved ln AlCR (Power Pan
SLe)(P
o
)
!he nessaqe arL of Lhe ullnk PPACR uses qaln facLors Lo conLrol Lhe
conLroljdaLa arL relaLlve ower slnllar Lo Lhe ullnk dedlcaLed
hyslcal channels
PAN1 suorLs Lhe PPACR daLa blL raLes such as 16, 80, 0, 120kss
wlLh Lhe corresondlnq sreadlnq facLors 26, 128, 4 or 82
!he daLa raLe for conLrol arL ls 16kss
!herefore Lhere wlll be 4 seLs of qaln facLors for daLa arL and conLrol
arL.
FasI Loop Powcr LonIro|
up|nk FasI Powcr LonIro| (JPL)
P1
P2
uL1 and uL2 arc IransmIInj on Ihc samc frcqucncy
=> cqua|znj IransmIIcr powcrs s crIca| ("ncar-far" proh|cm)
0pImum sIuaIon: P1 = P2 aI Ihc 8JS aI a|| Imcs
0ffcrcnI paIh aIIcnuaIons arc compcnsaIcd hy usnj
powcr conIro|.
0pcn |oop powcr conIro|: uL ad|usIs I's LQLWLDO IransmIIcr
powcr accordnj Io rcccvcd sjna| |cvc|
L|oscd |oop powcr conIro|: 8JS commands uL
Io ncrcasc or dccrcasc I's Iransmsson powcr aI 1.5 khz
II s hascd on rcccvcd sjna| Io nIcrfcrcncc raIo (SIP)
csImaIcs n 8JS.
L|oscd |oop powcr conIro| a|so fo||ows Ihc fasI fadnj paIIcrn
aI |ow and mcdum spccds (< 50 kmjh)
8JS
uL2
uL1
JPL commands
JPL commands
f SIP > (SIP)scI Ihcn "down"
c|sc "up"
uL ad|usIs
powcr accordnj
Io JPL commands
FasI Powcr LonIro|
0 200 400 600 800
-20
-15
-10
-5
0
5
10
15
20
Channe l
Trans mitte d power
Re ce ive d powe r
Max. doppler 5Hz, One Rayleigh tap channel, ant. diversity
up|nk FasI L|oscd Loop PL
6eneraLes Lhe !PC blL ln each PC cycle (1600 Rz)
Data1
TFC
TFC
TPC
TPC
Pilot
Pilot
Data2
FB
Data
Data1 TFC TPC
Pilot
Timeslot {0.667 ms}
Data
DPDCH DPCCH DPDCH DPCCH
UL DPCCH
at B8
UL DPDCH
at B8
DL DPCH
at B8
Uplink 8R
Measurement
Timeslot {0.667 ms}
8etting of the
TPC command
Frane Llnlnq delay beLween bL u 0L 0PCRs ls 1024 chls
Data2 Data1
*1,2 The SIR measurement periods illustrated here are examples. Other ways of measurement are allowed to achieve
accurate SIR estimation.
*3 If there is not enough time for UTRAN to respond to the TPC, the action can be delayed until the next slot.
Data1
T
P
C
Data1
T
P
C
PILOT PILOT
PILOT
Response
To TPC (*3)
T
P
C
DL SIR
measurement (*1)
PILOT TFCI TPC
DL-UL timing
offset (1024 chips)
Slot (2560 chips)
PILOT PILOT Data2 Data1
T
P
C
PILOT PILOT TFCI TPC
Slot (2560 chips)
Propagation delay
UL SIR
measurement (*2)
Response
to TPC
DL DPCCH
at UTRAN
Propagation delay
DL DPCCH
at UE
UL DPCCH
at UTRAN
UL DPCCH
at UE
512 chips
TF
CI
TF
CI
up|nk FasI L|oscd Loop PL conI'd
wC0MA 8!S
Measured SlP < SlP LarqeL --> !PC connand ls "1"
Measured SlP -> SlP LarqeL --> !PC connand ls "0"
Conare neasured SlP wlLh SlP LarqeL
value recelved fron bL ouLer loo PC
Measure recelved SlP of Lhe lloL blLs on bL 0PCCR
MS
MS seLs Lhe ower on bL 0PCCR and
bL 0P0CR followlnq way:
!PC connand - "1" --> lncrease ower by 1 d8
!PC connand - "0" --> decrease ower by 1 d8
bL 0PCCR + 0P0CRs
Send !PC connand on 0L 0PCCR
Chanqed ower on bL 0PCCR + 0P0CRs
!he flqure shows bL fasL closed loo PC rocedure ln one radlo llnk case.
uL FasI L|oscd Loop LonIro| PL
!wo alqorlLhns Lo rocess !PC connands Lo one !PC connand
wheLher Lhey are ln SR0 or noL
bE adjusLs Lhe 0PCCR ower by
0PCCR
-
!PC
x!PC_cnd
lf Power ConLrol AlqorlLhn (PCA) - 1 seL by neLwork lannlnq, Lhen
AlqorlLhn 1:
!he recelved !PC connand ls 0 Lhen !PC_cnd--1
!he recelved !PC connend ls 1 Lhen !PC_cnd-1
lf bE ls ln sofLer handover
PNC seLs Lhe sane !PC conblnaLlon lndex araneLer for Lhe radlo
llnks under one 8!S. So, Lhe recelved !PC connands are known Lo
be Lhe sane and conblned Lo one !PC connand.
lf bE ln SofL handover
bE neasures SlP value for each cell
lf SlP ls sufflclenLly larqe, Lhe !PC ls reqarded rellable
!PC blLs fron sofLer handover llnks fron Lhe resecLlve 8!Ss wlll b
conblned Lo be one connand before Lhe nexL sLe
lf even one of Lhe rellable !PC blLs ls '0' fron a sofL handover 8S,
Lhe noblle Lransnlsslon ower ls decreased
lf all rellable !PC blLs are '1' fron dlfferenL 8S's ln SR0 , Lhe ower
ls lncreased
!he rellablllLy of SlP value ls lnlLlally qlven by Lhe adnlsslon conLrol
and ls udaLed by Lhe handover conLrol
lf PCA - 2, Lhen AlqorlLhn 2(NoL ln PAN1)
!PC connand rocesslnq ls on 6-sloL cycle. !he seLs of 6 sloLs are allqned
Lo Lhe frane boundarles wlLhouL overlalnq one on anoLher
!he flrsL 4 !PC connands fron a seL of 6 sloLs, !PC_cnd-0
AfLer Lhe 6
Lh
!PC bE nakes hard declslon on all Lhe recelved 6 !PC
connands
lf all 6 hard declslons wlLhln a seL are 1, Lhen !PC_cnd- 1
lf all 6 hard declslons wlLhln a seL are 0, Lhen !PC_cnd- -1
oLherwlse !PC_cnd- 0
lf bE ls ln sofLer handover
PNC seLs Lhe sane !PC conblnaLlon lndex araneLer for Lhe radlo
llnks under one 8S. So, Lhe recelved !PC connands are known Lo be
Lhe sane and conblned Lo one !PC connand
uL FasI L|oscd Loop LonIro| PL
lf bE ls ln sofL handover
!he recelved !PC connands nay be dlfferenL and conblnaLlon of
Lhe !PC connands fron radlo llnks are erforned by Lhe bE as
follows:
For each cell ln Lhe acLlve seL !PC_Len araneLer ls forned as Lhe followlnq
lf all 8 !PC connands fron a cell are '1', Lhen !PC_Len ls '1'
lf all 8 !PC connands fron a cell are '0', Lhen !PC_Len ls '-1'
0Lherwlse !PC_Len ls '0'
!hen Lhese !PC_Lens fron each cell are conblned Lo one !PC_cnd as qlven below
lf , Lhen !PC_cnd ls '1'
lf lL ls <0.6, Lhen !PC_cnd ls '-1'and oLherwlse, !PC_cnd-0
!he ower chanqe sLe slze
!PC
(1 or 2d8)

ls a bE seclflc araneLer buL conLrolled
by Lhe neLwork
=
>
N
i
i
temp TPC
N
1
5 . 0 _
1
ScIInj of uL 0PLLh and 0P0Lh Powcrs
bL !PC rocedure conLrols slnulLaneously ower of 0PCCR and lLs
corresondlnq 0P0CR. PC loo adjusLs Lhe ower of Lhe 0PCCR and
0P0CRs wlLh Lhe sane anounL.
Rowever, Lhere are dlfferenL qaln facLors (varlable frane by frane
basls) ln 0PCCR and 0P0CRs caused by dlfferenL daLa raLes for 0PCCR
and 0P0CRs
!he MS scales Lhe LoLal !x ower of 0PCCR and 0P0CR ln such a way
LhaL 0PCCR ower follows Lhe PC noL exceedlnq Lhe naxlnun allowed
ower seL ouL by PNC (LlnlLlnq bE ower feaLure noL ln PAN1)
!he qaln facLors for 0PCCR and 0P0CRs for each used !FC ls
calculaLed based on slqnaled reference !FC values.
!he qaln facLors durlnq conressed franes (PAN1.6) are based on Lhe
qaln facLors deflned ln nornal franes,
0L FasI L|oscd Loop PL
Power seLLlnq on 0L 0PCR can be seen as follows:
P01, P02, and P08 are ower offseLs of 0PCCR lloL, !PC, and !FCl
resecLlvely
!x ower of 0PCCR and 0P0CRs, lncreased or decreased wlLh Lhe
sane anounL buL wlLh offseLs seL by NMS.
lnlLlal, nlnlnun and naxlnun Lransnlsslon ower for 0L 0PCR
deLernlned by AC funcLlonallLy
Data1 TFC TPC Pilot
Data2
DPDCH DPCCH DPDCH DPCCH
DL DPCH at
WCDMA BT8
Timeslot {0.667 ms}
PO1
PO2
PO3
Downlink
Transmission
Power
0L FasI Loop PL
bE neasures Lhe SlP on 0L 0PCCR durlnq Lhe lloL erlod ln non-
handover node
8uL ln handover node, bE neasures Lhe SlP for 0L 0PCCR ln a lloL PC
afLer Lhe M0C
8efore qeneraLlnq !PC connands bE checks 0PC_M00E (0ownllnk
Power ConLrol Mode)
0PC_M00E araneLer ls a bE seclflc araneLer conLrolled by Lhe
neLwork
lf 0PC_M00E ls '0', bE sends unlque !PC connand ln each sloL ln Lhe
flrsL avallable !PC fleld ln Lhe bL 0PCCR
lf 0PC_M00E ls '1', reeaLs Lhe sane !PC connands over 8 sloL buL a
new !PC connand ls senL aL Lhe beqlnnlnq of Lhe frane
0PC_M00E ls seL Lo '0' ln PAN1, PNC sends lL Lo bE ln PPC
0L FasI Loop PL
bon recelvlnq Lhe !PC connands 8S adjusLs lLs downllnk
0PCCRj0P0CR ower accordlnqly
For 0PC_M00E - 0, 8!S esLlnaLes Lhe LransnlLLed !PC connand
!PC
esL
Lo be 0 or 1, and udaLes Lhe ower ln every sloL.
lf 0PC_M00E - 1, 8!S esLlnaLes Lhe LransnlLLed !PC connand !PC
esL
over Lhree sloLs Lo be 0 or 1, and udaLes Lhe ower every Lhree sloLs.
0uIcr Loop Powcr LonIro|
up|nk 0uIcr Loop Powcr LonIro|
8JS1
8JS2
PNL
Macro diversity
combining
Outer loop
power control
lub
Fast power
control 1.5 kHz
SlP LarqeL for fasL
ower conLrol
10-100 Rz
Pecelved daLa
0uLer loo PC adjusLs Lhe
SlP LarqeLs requlred
deendlnq on bE seed and
nulLlLh roaqaLlon
envlronnenL Lo achleve
requlred quallLy wlLh nln.
ower
up|nk 0uIcr Loop JPL
CN
RNC
if SIR > (SIR)set then "down"
else "up"
frame reliability info
(SIR)set adjustment
command
outer loop
control
if FER increase then
(SIR)set "up"
else (SIR)set "down"
required (SIR)set for 1 % FER
time
MS stands still
ouLer loo !PC nalnLalns llnk quallLy
oLlnlzes caaclLy j ranqe
ls Lhe "llnk adaLaLlon" neLhod ln
wC0MA
GXULQJVRIWKDQGRYHU: cones DIWHUsofL
handover frane selecLlon
up|nk 0uIcr Loop FuncIona|Iy
UL outer loop PC
Entity #N
UL outer loop PC
Entity #1
UL outer Loop PC
Controller
RNC
BS 1
UL fast closed
loop PC
BS 2
UL fast closed
loop PC
L1/FP
UL Outer Loop PC
L1/FP
L1/FP L1/FP
!he funcLlonallLy has 2 arLs such as
conLroller and ouLer loo PC enLlLles
one bL ouLer loo PC EnLlLy for each
LransorL channel (PA8) ln Lhe PNC
!he enLlLles calculaLe requlred SlP
LarqeLs accordlnq Lo Lhe quallLy
esLlnaLes
bL 0uLer Loo PC ConLroller conLrols all
bL 0LPC EnLlLles under Lhe sane PPC
connecLlon
bL ouLer loo PC conLroller- ln Lhe PC
of 0MCb unlL ln PNC
bL ouLer loo PC ConLroller qeLs bearer
seclflc araneLers for each 0CR fron
Lhe Adnlsslon ConLrol
L1jFP: L1 0CR Frane ProLocol
uL 0uIcr Loop Powcr LonIro| funcIons
Admsson LonIro| (AL)
uL 0uIcr Loop PL LonIro||cr
PC ParaneLers
SlP !arqeL
- CollecLlnq of Lhe
SlP !arqeL chanqes
- SeLLlnq of Lhe araneLers
- AcLlvlLy sLaLe conLrol
Load LonIro| (LL)
- AcLlvlLy reorL
- SlP !arqeL nodlflcaLlon connand
- PC ParaneLers
- AcLlvlLy conLrol reorL
- New SlP !arqeL
PC araneLers aL
Lhe PA8 seLu
L8 PA8 SeLu:
lnlLlal SlP !arqeL
uL 0uIcr Loop Powcr LonIro| funcIons
uL 0uIcr Loop PL LnIIy 1
EnLlLy araneLers:
- reorLlnq erlod
- acLlvlLy sLaLe
- selecLed Lo LransnlL
new SlP !arqeL (onjoff)
- PC araneLers
- CalculaLlon of SlP !arqeL chanqe
- !ransnlL new SlP !arqeL
value Lo 8S (onjoff)
M0L
8S
SlP !arqeL
bL fasL closed loo PC
0uallLy lnfonaLlon:
FEP j 8EP
New SlP !arqeL
L1 FP:
SlP !arqeL
L1 FP:bL quallLy lnfo
FP: Frane ProLocol
up|nk 0uIcr Loop LonIro| A|jorIhm
Pecelved
quallLy beLLer
Lhan requlred
quallLy
lncrease
SlP LarqeL
0ecrease
SlP LarqeL
No Yes
Servlces LhaL requlre 8LEP 1% or hlqher: CPC check based 8LEP esLlnaLlon
0Lher servlces: 8EP fron Lhe 1
sL
lLeraLlon of Lhe !urbo decoder
Frane
PellablllLy
lndlcaLors
(FPl)
up|nk 0uIcr Loop PL A|jorIhm
MalnLalns Lhe EbjNo seLolnL for an ullnk bearer
!he EbjNo seLolnL ls alled Lo Lhe deLernlnaLlon of !PC blL value ln
Lhe fasL closed loo PC
!he chanqe ln Lhe seLolnL ls based on Lhe frane error raLe (FEP)
esLlnaLes obLalned wlLh Lhe frane rellablllLy lndlcaLor (FPl), e.q., cycllc
redundancy check (CPC), of Lhe lnLerleavlnq erlod
!he followlnq ls one of Lhe alqorlLhns used ln ouLer loo PC enLlLy for
servlces wlLh 8LEP of 0.01 or hlqher
( )
_
blocks transport #
CRCs block transport failed #
) ( _ ) 1 ( _
size is 1dB step
tion FER_estima
FER_target tion FER_estima step_size
t setpoint Eb/No t setpoint Eb/No
=
=
+ = +
Pcqurcd 8carcr Spccfc ParamcIcrs
ln Lhe PA8 seLu, Lhe bL ouLer loo PC conLroller qeLs Lhe followlnq
bearer seclflc araneLers for each 0CR fron AC
lnlLlal SlP LarqeL
Mlnlnun SlP LarqeL
Maxlnun SlP LarqeL
8LEP LarqeL for low quallLy bearers
8EP LarqeL for hlqh quallLy bearers
lnLerleavlnq Llne
!ye of Lhe used 0L PC alqorlLhn (8LEP or 8EP)
!he bL 0LPC conLroller qeLs also Lhe followlnq conflquraLlon
araneLers:
AcLlvlLy reorLlnq erlod (0.6-1.0s)
n_0!X(nlnlnun lenqLh of Lhe 0!X erlod) (100-200ns)
AcLual sLe slze for adjusLlnq Lhe SlP LarqeL
Mlnlnun sLe slze for Lhe SlP LarqeL nodlflcaLlons
0own|nk 0uIcr Loop PL
lnlenenLed ln bE Lo seL SlP LarqeL on each CC!rCR (one ln PAN1)
used for Lhe 0L closed loo PC
0uallLy LarqeL: 8LEP of each LransorL channel as seL by PNC
Adnlsslon ConLrol (AC) deLernlnes Lhe value of 0L 8LEP LarqeL for
each 0CR naed on 0PCR
No SlP LarqeL chanqe lf 8!S ower reaches naxlnun or neLwork
conqesLlon occurs Lhouqh Lhe quallLy qeLs worse (FeaLure noL ln PAN1)
0L ouLer loo PC durlnq Lhe conressed node: 0lfferenL SlP LarqeLs
are used durlnq and afLer conressed franes
0L ouLer loo PC conressed node araneLers rovlded by adnlsslon
conLrol are connunlcaLed Lo bE by PNC (lnlenenLed ln PAN 1.6)
kcy P|annnj Pc|aIcd ParamcIcrs
lnlLlalbllnkSlP
bllnkSlPMax
bllnkSlPMln
bLSlPLarqeLSLeslze (1d8 defaulL, 0..2d8)
lnlLlal0ownllnkSlP
0ownllnkSlPMax
0ownllnkSlPMln
Mscc||ancous Jopcs on Powcr LonIro|
Powcr LonIro| n SofI handovcr
8JS1
8JS2
Both BTSs
Detect downlink PC command from mobile
Adjust downlink transmission power
PNL:
Power drifting
control
uL:
Check rellablllLy of ullnk PC connand
AdjusL ullnk Lransnlsslon ower
Powcr
drfInj
Pc|ah|Iy
chcck
Powcr 0rfInj Proh|cm
ln sofL handover, Lhe !PC blLs fron Lhe bE are lndeendenLly deLecLed
by each 8!S
0wlnq Lo deLecLlon errors, Lhe radlo llnk Lransnlsslon owers of 8!Ss
sLarL drlfLlnq aarL
UE
PC command
PC command
Detection of
PCcommand
Adjustment of
downlink power
Detection of
PCcommand
Adjustment of
downlink power
Powcr 0rfInj PrcvcnIon A|jorIhm (P0P)
P0P erlodlcally conares Lhe LransnlLLed radlo llnk ower wlLh a
reference ower
!he erlod ls referred Lo as Lhe correcLlon erlod (82 sloLs)
!he reference ower ls Lhe naxlnun of Lhe averaqed 0L owers ln
SR0 branches nlnus an offseL (e.q. 2 d8)
!he reference ower ls udaLed abouL every 600 ns
0urlnq Lhe correcLlon erlod, Lhe Lransnlsslon owers of each branch
are slowly drlven Lowards Lhe reference ower
!he averaqe P0 correcLlon wlLhln a one Llne sloL ls conslderably
snaller Lhan Lhe fasL closed loo PC sLe
3(N) - 3(N - 1) + 3
73&
(N) + 3
3'FRUUHFWLRQ
(N)
Iub
SRNC
BS #2
Iub
DRNC
BS #3
Iur
DL fast closed
loop PC /
PDP algorithm
DL fast closed
loop PC /
PDP algorithm
HC /
PDP algorithm control
from BSs to RNC: Averaged DL power
from RNC to BSs: Initial parameters,
reference transmission power
L3
L3
L3
BS #1
DL fast closed
loop PC /
PDP algorithm
FuncIona| sp|I of Ihc P0P funcIona|Iy
kcy P|annnj Pc|aIcd ParamIcrs
FasI L|oscd Loop powcr LonIro|
PLSIcpSzcuL :!he bL lnner loo PC sLe slze ls used ln nornal node by Lhe bE Lo
calculaLe Lhe ower lncreasejdecrease uon recelvlnq !PC connands (1 or 2 d8)
0cfau|I va|uc: 1d8
PLSIcpSzc0L: used by 8!S as above (0.6, 1, 1.6 or 2d8)
0cfau|I va|uc: 1d8
P0P(PAN1 does noL suorL P0P)
LorrccIonPcrod: 0L !x ower converqence Llne Lo ref. Power (P0P)
MaxLorrP0: naxlnun correcLlon sLe er sloL. !hls should be clearly below
Lhe 0L closed loo ower conLrol sLe.
0L Iransmsson powcr avcrajnj pcrod: !lne erlod ln whlch Lhe
8!S averaqes Lhe used 0L Lransnlsslon ower and sends resulL Lo Lhe PNC
0own|nk Powcr LonIro| of NPJ Jraffc
NP! servlces have a reLransnlsslon roLocol
FasL fadlnq ls noL crlLlcal
8LEP hlqher Lhan 10% can be used.
!oo fasL PC causes unnecessary Lransnlsslon ower slkes
!wo alLernaLlve ways Lo lnlenenL slower 0L ower conLrol
LlnlLed 0L ower ralse
lf Lhe LoLal ower ralse over a 0L ower averaqlnq wlndow ls wlLhln Lhe ower ralse
llnlL, Lhe ower ls lncrease by Lhe sLe slze
Slower 0L ower conLrol raLe (800Rz)
every flfLh !PC connand ls execuLed
!he alqorlLhn works as fasL closed loo PC buL wlLh slow seed
NoL lnlenenLed ln PAN 1
PL n Lomprcsscd Modc
Conressed Mode - for neasurenenLs of 6SM, wC0MA !00 u F00
frequencles
lf bE ls caable, PNC nay order bE and rovldes araneLers Lo enLer
Lhe conressed node
lnfornaLlon Lransferred wlLhln 10ns ls conressed ln Llne
lnsLanLaneous !x ower lncrease of conressed frane - !o conensaLe
Lhe reduced rocesslnq qaln ( !o nalnLaln Lhe sane quallLy)
Conresslon neLhods: raLe naLchlnq (unLurlnq-noL used ln bL),
reducLlon ln sreadlnq facLor by 2 u hlqher layer schedullnq
Aln of bL PC ln 0L orjand bL conressed node: Pecover SlP fasL close
Lo SlP(LarqeL) afLer each Lransnlsslon qa
8uL, nelLher Lhe bL ouLer loo PC nor Lhe 0L 0LPC alqorlLhns affecLed
by conressed node lnlenenLaLlon
PL n Lomprcsscd Modc
!he SlP LarqeL durlnq conressed node ls dlfferenL forn Lhe SlP LarqeL
durlnq Lhe nornal node
Maxlnun ldle lenqLh ls 7 sloLsj10ns frane
0eendlnq on Lhe sLarLlnq sloL and lenqLh of Lhe qa, Lhe qa can be
laced wlLhln one slnqle frane or exLend Lo Lwo franes
0urlnq Lhe recovery erlod afLer a Lransnlsslon qa Lhe PC sLe slze ls
hlqher Lhan LhaL for Lhe nornal node and nlnlnun of 8d8
Conressed franes are rovlded nornally ln Lhe 0L and ln sone cases
ln Lhe bL as well
lf Lhey aear ln Lhe bL, Lhey need Lo be slnulLaneous wlLh Lhe
downllnk also
uL Lomprcsscd Framc SIrucIurc B PL
sloL # (N
lasL
- 1)
0aLa
PlloL !FCl F8l !PC
sloL # (N
flrsL
- 1)
0aLa
PlloL !FCl F8l !PC
!ransnlsslon 6a
10 ns
Slot
9
Transmission Gap
Compressed Frame
Slot
Slot
7
RESUME +
PILOT
TPC +

PILOT
Recovery Period
Slot
14
TPC
RP-TPC
TPC
Compressed Frame
0
uL Lomprcsscd Modc Powcr 0ffscIs
PlloL ower offseL beLween conressed and unconressed franes:
0urlnq conressed node ln every sloL before Lhe qa, ower ls
adjusLed by
0PCCR
as below:
Power offseL of Lhe flrsL sloL, afLer Lransnlsslon qa ls qlven below:
!ransnlL ower offseL durlnq recovery erlod afLer flrsL sloL ls qlven
below:
=
current bits pilot
previous bits pilot
PILOT
, _ _ #
, _ _ #
log 10
PILOT TPC DPCCH
cmd TPC + = _ .
PILOT RESUME DPCCH
+ =
PILOT TPC RP DPCCH
+ =
_
0L Lomprcsscd Framc SIrucIurc B PL
SloL # (N
flrsL
- 1)
!
P
C
0aLa1
!F
Cl
0aLa2 PL
SloL # (N
lasL
+ 1)
PL 0aLa1
!
P
C
!F
Cl
0aLa2 PL
!ransnlsslon 6a
SloL # (N
flrsL
- 1)
!
P
C
0aLa1
!F
Cl
0aLa2 PL
SloL # (N
lasL
+ 1)
PL 0aLa1
!
P
C
!F
Cl
0aLa2 PL
!ransnlsslon 6a
!
P
C
Frane sLrucLure Lye A: Maxlnlzes Lhe Lransnlsslon qa
Frane sLrucLure Lye 8 (0Llnlzed for ower conLrol)
PlloL of lasL sloL ln Lhe qa LransnlLLed
PlloL of lasL sloL ln Lhe qa LransnlLLed
!PC fleld of frsL sloL ln Lhe qa LransnlLLed
0L PC ln conressed node ln PAN1.6, ln whlch frane sLrucLure Lye A ls used
0an of FasI Powcr LonIro|
Seech erfornance FEP-1% (8kbs 10ns lnLerleavlnq) wlLh 2 branch
recelver anLenna dlverslLy ln ullnk
Slow ower conLrol - no ower conLrol ln slnulaLlons - correcL
averaqe ower
Slow power control Fast 1.5kHz power
control
Gain from fast
power control
ITU Pedestrian A 3 km/h 11.3dB 5.5dB 5.8dB
ITU Vehicular A 3 km/h 8.5dB 6.7dB 1.8dB
ITU Vehicular A 50 km/h 6.8dB 7.3dB -0.5dB
Slow power control Fast 1.5kHz power
control
Gain from fast
power control
ITU Pedestrian A 3 km/h 11.3dB 7.7dB 3.6dB
ITU Vehicular A 3 km/h 8.5dB 7.5dB 1.0dB
ITU Vehicular A 50 km/h 6.8dB 7.6dB -0.8dB
!he qaln fron Lhe fasL ower conLrol ls larqer
for low noblle seeds Lhan for hlqh noblle seeds
ln requlred EbjNos Lhan ln LransnlLLed owers
lf only llLLle nulLlaLh dlverslLy ls avallable
Pequlred EbjNo
values
Pequlred relaLlve
LransnlLLed
ower
Powcr LonIro| B 0vcrsIy
AL low bE seed, ower conLrol conensaLes Lhe fadlnq : falrly
consLanL recelve ower and !x ower wlLh hlqh varlaLlons
wlLh dlverslLy Lhe varlaLlons ln !x ower ls less
0lverslLy reduces Lhe !x ower rlse due Lo non-ldeal ower conLrol,
lncreaslnq caaclLy ln 0L
AL bE seed >100knh fasL ower conLrol cannoL follow Lhe fasL
fadlnq, Lherefore dlverslLy hels kee recelve ower level nore or less
consLanL
ln Lhe bL !x affecLs adjacenL cell lnLerference and Px ower affecLs
lnLerference wlLhln Lhe cell.
1RQIDGLQJFKDQQHO )DGLQJFKDQQHO
7UDQVPLWWHGSRZHU
5HFHLYHGSRZHU
3RZHUULVH
Averaqe LransnlLLed ower
Powcr Psc
Powcr LonIro| n SofI handovcr
2 lssues assoclaLed wlLh lL
0ownllnk Power 0rlfLlnq
PellablllLy of bllnk Power ConLrol Connands
lnroved Power ConLrol Slqnalllnq 0uallLy ln 0L
!he ower of 0PCCR channel ls nore Lhan LhaL of 0P0CR
Power offseL for lnrovlnq 0L slqnalllnq quallLy
'
0aIa fc|d 1 0aIa fc|d 2
J
F
L
I
P
L

s
j
n
a
|
|
n
j
P
|
o
I
1 s|oI = 0.881 ms
Power offseL
Problen ln ouLer loo conLrol alqorlLhn
AL Lhe edqe of coveraqe area bE !x ower reaches naxlnun wlLh
lnsufflclenL quallLy. lncrease ln SlP conand by 8!S wlll noL lnrove
quallLy. EbjNo ls unnecessarlly hlqh (0nly lncreases slqnalllnq load)
Close Lo 8ase SLaLlon, bE !x ower reaches nlnlnun wlLh nore Lhan
sufflclenL quallLy. 0ecrease ln SlP connand by 8!S wlll noL lower Lhe
quallLy. EbjNo ls unnecessrlly low (0nly lncreases slqnalllnq load)
!he sane roblen occurs ln 0L also.
SoluLlon:
SeL LlqhLer llnlLs for SlP LarqeL
lnLelllqenL ouLer loo conLrol alqorlLhn
!hls alqorlLhn wlll noL lncrease EbjNo LarqeL lf Lhe lncrease does noL lnrove Lhe
quallLy
LmIcd Powcr LonIro| 0ynamcs
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4
10
15
20
25
d
B
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4
-10
0
10
20
d
B
m
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4
-0.5
0
0.5
1
1.5
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4
5
10
15
d
B
Seconds
Mobile transmission
power starts hitting
its maximum value
Received quality
degrades, more
frame errors
E
b
/N
0
target
increases fast
Incrcasc of LhjNo whcn MS hIs Is max. Jx powcr
PL PcprcscnIaIon n Lnk 8udjcI
ParaneLer: Power ConLrol Readroon
slnllar Lo fasL fadlnq narqln
Needed ln bE !x ower for nalnLalnlnq adequaLe closed loo ower
conLrol
Allcable eseclally Lo slow-novlnq noblles ln whlch closed loo
ower conLrol conensaLes fasL fadlnq
!ylcal values: 2-6d8 for slow novlnq noblles
0uI of SynchronzaIon hand|nj
0ownllnk
bE shuLs lLs LransnlLLer off when lLs esLlnaLe of Lhe 0PCCR quallLy
over Lhe lasL 200ns ls worse Lhan a Lhreshold(0ouL)
lL can Lurn Lhe LransnlLLer on when Lhe esLlnaLe of Lhe 0PCCR
quallLy over Lhe lasL 200ns ls beLLer Lhan a Lhreshold(0ln)
bllnk
when SlP esLlnaLlon cannoL be erforned and !PC connands
cannoL be qeneraLed ln 8S, !PC connands are LransnlLLed Lo MS
and shall be seL uslnq !PC aLLern of Q01+1, unLll Lhe bL
synchronlzaLlon ls achleved. (Q ls 8S conflquraLlon araneLer)
0own|nk Powcr LonIro|
Powcr conIro| for 0L common conIro| channc|s
0nly FACR !rCR naed Lo secondary CCPR has PC
Prlnary CCPCR, CPlCR, rlnary SCR, secondary SCR, PlCR, AlCR
and secondary CCPCR, when lL carrles PCR LransorL channel does
noL have PC
0own|nk opcn |oop powcr conIro|:
FACR can have oen-loo ower conLrol
0own|nk c|oscd |oop powcr conIro|:
Slnllar Lo LhaL ln ullnk
ln sofL handover bE neasures a conblned SlP and sends a ower
conLrol connand Lo 8!S.
lf every 8!S does noL recelve Lhe connand correcLly, a ower
drlfLlnq roblen nay occur.
PC sLe slze araneLer can Lake any of Lhe qlven 4 values:
0.6,1,1.6u2d8. 8uL PAN1 suorLs only 1d8
PL on 0L Lommon LonIro| Lhannc|s
CPlCR carrles connon lloLs for each cell and deflnes acLual cell slze-
!herefore no ower conLrol buL deLernlned by radlo lannlnq for each
cell. lLs value has Lo be equal Lo whaL ls broadcasL ln Lhe cell as Lhls
value ls used by bE ln bL oen loo PC
Prlnary CCPCR carrles 8CR LransorL channel and no ower conLrol
Secondary CCPCR carrles PCR andjor FACR. 0n Lhls channel PCR does
noL have PC buL FACR ls conLrollable. Slnce lLs blL raLes can vary
dlfferenL !x ower values have Lo be seL for dlfferenL blL raLes. More
Lhan one secondary CCPCR nay be needed er cell deendlnq on Lhe
requlred PCR caaclLy
PlCR channel does noL have PC as lL should be heard over Lhe whole
cell
Prlnary and secondary SCRs do noL have PC as Lhey have Lo be heard
by allLhe bes wlLhln a cell for cell search
PL on 0L Lommon LonIro| Lhannc|s
Slnce Lhe locaLlon of an ldle node bE ls noL known, AlCR channel also
cannoL have PC
PlCR, AlCR ower offseLs wlLh reference Lo CPlCR channel ower are
senL fron PNC Lo bE on PPC for Lhe qulck deLecLlon of resecLlve
channels
P01 and P08 are ower offseLs of !FCl and lloL relaLlve Lo Lhe ower
of daLa fleld. ln PAN1 only 16, 80 and 0 kss hyslcal channels are
suorLed hence Lhere wlll 8 alrs of offseLs Lo be seL by neLwork
lannlnq
T
slot
= 2560 chips
Pilot
Data
TFCI
PO1
PO3
DLTransmission
Power
DL S-CCPCH
Summary
Summary
1
1
o
b
N
E
SNR =
1
1
2
2
G
SNR
N
E
SNR
o
b
= =
2
2
3
3
G
SNR
N
E
SNR
o
b
= =
3
3
4
4
G
SNR
N
E
SNR
o
b
= =
AcLual 0aLa
8
1
-1j!
1
Error 0ecoder
8
2
-1j!
2
0esreader
8
8
-1j!
8
0enodulaLor
8
4
-1j!
4
2
1
1
2
1
T
T
B
B
G = =
3
2
2
3
2
T
T
B
B
G = =
4
3
3
4
3
T
T
B
B
G = =
Receiver
DL: E
c
/I
o
=SNR
4
SNR
3
=SNR
4
/2 SNR
2
=SNR
4
*SF/2
UL: E
c
/I
o
=SNR
4
SNR
3
=SNR
4
SNR
2
=SNR
4
*SF
DL/UL: SNR
2
= SNR
1
/G
1
Closed Loop PC: SNR
4
*SF<or > SNR
1
/G
1
, TPC commands are 1,or -1
Ec/Io for closed loop PC
is measured on pilot
symbols (UE or BTS)
Initial E
b
/N
o
for pilot
determined from
BLER/BER(UE or
RNC) from data
BLER/BERE
b
/N
o1
Summary LonId.
0en Loo Power ConLrol: !o deLernlne Lhe lnlLlal LransnlL ower of
PPACR(Pandon Access Procedure) and 0PCCR ln bL
0uLer Loo Power Conrol: !o deLernlne SlP LarqeL requlred for closed
loo ower conLrol for dedlcaLed channels
Closed Loo Power ConLrol: Produces !PC connands based on
neasured SlP and SlP LarqeL
All downllnk connon conLrol channels exceL FACR do noL have ower
conLrol.

PC Bts

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PC Bts

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1 N0KlA Power ConLrol.PP!j 06.11.

2000 j NlLhl Company confidential

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