Some Global Water Issues

TIGER or DRAGON:
Capacity Building in Earth Observation of Water Resources Systems as a Backbone for Informed Water Resources Management
Z. Bob Su
International Executive Seminar Earth observation for improving water management in Africa 23 25 September 2008, ITC, Enschede, The Netherlands

Approximately 25,000 people die each year due to floods 2.2 to 5 million die annually from preventable water-related diseases Drought losses globally have exceeded $300 Billion over the last decade More than 1.2 billion people have inadequate drinking water (poor quality, insufficient quantity) 2.5 billion people lack adequate sanitation facilities Approximately 10% of the annual discharge of the worlds rivers is used consumptively, and several major continental rivers (e.g., Colorado, Nile, Yellow) are dry for at least part of the year The quality of many of the worlds rivers has been seriously degraded by a combination of pollution, land cover change, dams, and other factors Science and technology solutions to water problems must rely on observation data about water cycle that in turn permit the prediction of water availability and hazards

CLIMATE CHANGE AND WATER (IPCC)

Our response
Key to safeguard the security of water resources is better water resources management. This requires better understanding of the water cycle, water climate interactions and water ecosystem interactions.

Observational records and climate projections provide abundant evidence that freshwater resources are vulnerable and have the potential to be strongly impacted by climate change, with wide-ranging consequences on human societies and ecosystems.

Our Strategic Mission

Department of Water Resources

Develop and Transfer Knowledge in Geo-information Science and Earth Observation for Water Resources Management

3 Knowledge Fields
Satellite Hydrology (Earth Observation of Water Cycle) Modelling of Hydrological Processes, using Earth Observation and Data Assimilation Water Resources Management using GeoInformation and Earth Observation

Earth Observation of Water Cycle

Precipitation (100%)

ITC Earth Observation Research and Education Sites

Radiation

Water Storage in Ice and Snow

Vapour Transport (35%)

Condensation (65%)

Water Resources Management

Soil Mois ture

Evaporation/ Transpiration (65%) River Discharge (35%)

Evaporation (100%)

Groundwater Storage & Flow

Basic Water Cycle and Earth Observation Process Studies Calibration/Validation of Earth Observation Data and Instrument PhD & MSc Education

ITC Earth Observation Research and Education Sites

(Collaboration with Water boards & National Institutes)

Process Studies in Regge & Dinkel

ITC Earth Observation Research and Education Sites

The Role of the Tibetan Plateau in Global Climate

(Collaboration with Chinese Academy of Sciences)
GEWEX Asian Monsoon Experiment (GAME) in the Tibet Plateau (GAME/Tibet,1996(GAME/Tibet,1996-2000) CEOP (Coordinated Enhanced Observing Period) AsiaAsia-Australia Monsoon Project in the Tibetan Plateau (CAMP/Tibet, 20012001-2005)
Overall Coordinators: Y.M.Ma & T.D.Yao (China), K.Ueno & T.Koike (Japan)

ITC Earth Observation Research and Education Sites

Water Resources in Africa

Shunyi Site Beijing Tianjing

(Collaboration with Botswana Geological Survey, Lake Naivasha, Kenyan Ministry of Water)

ShiJiazhuang Luan Cheng Site Yucheng Site Ji Nan

From Process Understanding to Global Applications

ZhengZhou

Earth Observation from local to global scale

Modelling and Data Assimilation

The Dragon Programme

Coordinated by Yves-Louis Desnos, ESA

ESA-MOST DRAGON PRGRAMME Dragon Advanced Training Course in Land Remote Sensing (10-15 October 2005, Beijing, China) Dragon Advanced Training Course in Atmosphere Remote Sensing (2006, China) Dragon Advanced Training Course in Ocean Remote Sensing (2007, China)

Dragon Advanced Training Course in Land Remote Sensing

(10-15 October 2005, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China)

2004 Dragon Symposium Opening Speech by Jose Achache

Goals Enhance academic exchange and cooperation between Chinese and European remote sensing scientists Provide hands-on experience with ESA tools and methods for data exploitation Contribute to development of land remote sensing research and applications in China

Opening chaired by Stephen Briggs & Guocheng Zhang

103 participants (from 167 applications) from over 50 institutes

The Tiger Initiative

Wetlands Mapping

TIGER-Innovators: New NSTT Projects

Rivers-Lakes-Water levels

Soil Moisture-SADC

Nile Awareness Kit

Land and Topo. -Ghana.

Hydrogeo. Model-Ghana

Lake Quality-Victoria

Lake Quality-Egypt

Coordinated by Diego Fernandez

IS for IWRM-Morocco

IS for IWRM- Mozambique

IS for IWRM-Zambia

IS for WRM-Burkina Faso

AQUIFER

Water & Ground str.-Niger

EPIDEMIO

Malaria-mapping

TIGER Lines of Action

Improving Access to EO Data Capacity Building and Training TIGER Water Information & Knowledge Network Developing Water Information Systems & Services Pre-operational Stage North-South Tec. Transfer Projects Operation Stage African Water Observation System

TIGER Capacity Building Facility

A tool to support the accomplishment of the TIGER research projects by the end of 2007 The Facility is responsible for setting up a capacity building plan and supports the existing TIGER research projects A basis for an infrastructure for future capacity building activities, 2008+

Research stage TIGER Pilot Projects

2005-2008

2008-2015

2015 +

TIGER CBF Activities

TIGER CBF Activities

2nd Advanced Training in Earth Observation Application in Water Resources Management Objective: Train water authorities on the practical use of EOderived products to improve water management : - Catchment characterization - Water quantity (drought and floods) - Wetland and Environmental aspects Target Group: Water managers related to TIGER projects Location: Regional Centre for Mapping of Resources for Development (RCMRD), Nairobi, Kenya Date: 26 - 30 November 2007

TIGER CBF Activities

2nd Advanced Training in Earth Observation Application in Water Resources Management

TIGER 2 way ahead

Improving Access to EO Data Capacity Building and Training TIGER Water Information & Knowledge Network Developing Water Information Systems & Services Pre-operational Stage North-South Tec. Transfer Projects Operation Stage African Water Observation System

Research stage TIGER Pilot Projects

2002-2008

2008-2015

2015+

CEOS (ESA+), GEO (IGWCO), FP7, WB + GMES Africa Institutional imbedding (partnerships of regional centers, e.g. ITC +)

A propsal - GEOSS/EAWCI - Eurasia-Africa Water Cycle Initiative

Focus on convergence and harmonization of observation activities, interoperability arrangements for observed data and collected information, effective and comprehensive data management, and capacity building of the participating countries as the most functional elements Cooperation between global observations and local applications, between research communities and operational sectors, and/or among the different societal benefit areas can solve various actual problems and lead GEO to realize the anticipated societal benefits

GEOSS/EAWCI - Eurasia-Africa Water Cycle Initiative

Observing systems (Satellite, in-situ monitoring system) Modeling and prediction systems (Coupled land-atmospheric systems)

GEO Information system (Data Assimilation systems, Decision support systems)

Gerard Kuster

Water resources management system (Floods, drought, pollution at river basins, country levels and continental level)

INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR GEO-INFORMATION SCIENCE AND EARTH OBSERVATION