Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
Modelling today
Widely used for business and information analysis, technical design et c. Long experience (over 20 years) of using distinct modelling levels Used in development of national standards (both in GI and elsewhere)
Facilities, Road and rail networks, Surface water systems , healthcare, telecom,
2
Why meaning ?
Term Concept
ISO definition unit of thought model that defines the concepts of a universe of discourse
Conceptual Model
Semantic perspective
Lake + located at [1..1]: Location + described by [1..1]: Surface
Information perspective
Lake + name [0..*]: String + depicted by [1..1]: GM_Surface
Distinguishing characteristics
Information requirements
5
gives rise to
A cat
Cat
is intended to refer to
A symbol
Term
gives rise to
A cat
Cat
is intended to refer to
A Symbol
Term
7
Eugen Wster:
A Term is semantically defined by its underlying concept. A Concept is defined by its relationships with other concepts. Relationships are also concepts.
Concept Modelling
Define the purpose of the model Distinguishing characteristics Define in terms of other concepts Bootstrap at peripheral concepts
Simple example
Concept
(including features)
Interpretation
Water table + soil type + depth Water table + building + dimensions Water table + avg distance from road + width
groundwater level
ditch
Red
<Use dictionary>
10
Realistic example
Concept
located at
1..1
Lake
content type
1..1
described by
{surface area > 1000 m2}1..1
Surface
has
has measured
{max(depth) > 1 m} 1..*
Depth
+ measure + date
0..*
By lake we mean something that has an inland location, contains fresh water, is described by a surface area of at least 1000 m2 and has a maximum measured depth of at least 1 m.
11
For a lake we want to handle name, maximum depth and its spatial approximation.
12
Dynamic properties
Operation
service that can be requested f rom an object to eff ect behaviour operation that every instance of a feature type may perf orm
Feature Operation
Contact info
Rolf Wohed (rolf.wohed@hifab.se) Torbjrn Cederholm (torbjorn.cederholm@sis.se) SIS, Swedish Standards Institute 118 80 Stockholm, Sweden
14