DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

EC 4011Fundamentals of Wireless Communications

Problem sheet #1 02.08.2013

1. If the received power at a reference distance d
0
= 1 km is 1 microwatt, find the received power at
distance d = 10 km for (i) free space model and (ii) model with path loss exponent 3.
2. Consider the two ray ground reflected model for path loss calculation. It was shown that the
received power at a distance, d from the transmitter has lognormal distribution under large scale
fading. Find the probability that the received power at a distance, d will exceed a certain minimum
value. Also find the outage probability.
3. Find the critical distance under the two path model for a large macro cell in a suburban area with
base station mounted on a tower or building with h
T
=20 meters; h
R
=3 meters; f=2GHz.
4. Consider the combined path loss-shadowing model. A transmitter provides 15 Watts to an antenna
having gain 12dB. The receiver antenna has a gain of 3dB and the receiver bandwidth is 30 kHz.
Determine the maximum separation between transmitter and receiver that will ensure a minimum
received power of -101 dBm for 95% of the time (Assume: Path loss exponent = 4; Carrier
frequency = 1800 MHz; Standard deviation of log normal shadowing = 8dB; and
0
d = 1 km).
5. Consider a cellular system where the received power is distributed according to a log-normal
probability distribution with mean dB and standard deviation dB. Assume that the received
power must be above 10dBm for acceptable performance. For 4dBm = , what value of is
required such that the outage probability is less than 1%.
6. Prove, for X and independent zero-mean Gaussian random variables with varianceo
0
2
, that the
distribution of R = X
2
+
2
is Rayleigh and that the probability distribution of Z = R
2
is
exponential. If X has non zero mean, find the probability distribution of R.
7. Find the probability distribution of the received signal envelope under the narrow band fading
model when there is a dominant LOS component in addition to the faded multipath components.
State the assumptions clearly.
8. Assume normalized signal envelope follows a Rayleigh fading distribution with the average signal
power 20 dB, what is the power outage probability relative to threshold P
0
= 5 dB.If the application
requires a power outage probability of 0.01 for the threshold P
0
= 10 dB, what value of average
signal power
2
2 is required. Assume that the received signal has a LOS component, how will
you find the outage probability given that the LOS component has average power
2
S .
9. An application requires a power outage probability of 0.01 for the threshold
0
80 P dBm = .
Assuming Rayleigh fading, determine the average signal power required to meet this criterion
(neglect large scale fading effects).
10. The power delay profile of a wireless channel is given by 0 , ) (
0
f

= e P P . Determine the
average delay and delay spread for this channel.
11. The power delay profile for a wideband channel is given as 0 ;
1
) (
/
=



mW e
T
A
m
T
m
c
where,
mSec T
m
1 = . What are the values for mean
m
T
and rms
m
T
delay spread. What is the coherence
bandwidth?
12. A multi-path fading channel has a delay spread of 1 seconds and a Doppler spread of 0.01Hz. The
total channel bandwidth at band pass available for transmission is 5 Hz. Input signal pulse duration
is 10seconds. Find the coherence time and coherence bandwidth. Is the channel frequency
selective? Is the channel fading slowly or rapidly?
13. Consider a channel with impulse response:
( , ) ( ) 0.5 ( 10 sec) 0.5 ( 40 sec) c t = + + .
i. Is the channel time varying or time invariant? Explain.
ii. For what data rates does a BPSK signal sent over this channel experience ISI?
14. Let
dB
be normal with mean and variance
2
(all quantities in dB). Define = 1u
+
dB
10
.
Find the PDF, mean and variance of .